KR101682052B1 - Uses of Thaxtomin and Thaxtomin compositions as herbicides - Google Patents

Abstract

There is a need for selective, low-risk herbicides used to control weeds in cereal crops and turf. The present invention discloses that bacterial secondary metabolites, camptomines and any other herbicides are effective herbicides on the broad-leaved weeds, foresters and herbaceous weeds. Texotomine A and structurally similar compounds can be used as natural herbicides to control the germination and growth of weeds without causing plant toxicity to these crops in crops such as grains, tough grasses, timothy grasses and grasses. Because it is a natural, non-toxic compound, it can be used as a safe alternative to weed control in both traditional organic farming and garden systems.

Description

Uses of Thaxtomin and Thaxtomin compositions as herbicides < RTI ID = 0.0 >

The present invention relates to the use of Streptomyces germination and growth of broadleaf, sedge and grass weeds using a compound containing the cyclic dipeptide, Thaxtomin, produced by the sp. The present invention relates to compositions and methods for controlling microorganisms.

Natural products are substances produced by microorganisms, plants, and other organisms. Microbial natural products provide a rich source of chemical diversity, and the use of natural products for pharmaceutical purposes has long been a history. However, secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms are also successfully used for control of weeds and pests in agricultural applications.

Texotamine (2,5-dioxopiperazine containing 4-nitroindol-3-yl) is a plant-pathogenic Streptomyces genus that causes scab diseases in potatoes ( Solarium tuberosum) . a type of dipeptide plant toxins (dipeptide phytotoxins) made by scabies, S. acidiscabies) (King, Lawrence et al. 1992). Toxin production occurs in diseased tissues and can also be induced in optimal growth media containing oat bran in vitro (Loria, Bukhalid et al., 1995; Beausejour, Goyer et al., 1999). King and her colleagues (King, Lawrence et al. 2001) have demonstrated that all plant pathogenic species belonging to the Streptomyces family produce one or more textomins with herbicidal activity. Such as heel tunen (Hiltunen, Laakso et al.2006) is Streptomyces MRS Scar bis (S. scabies) and streptomycin MRS burst disk car bis (S. turbidiscabies) four kinds of text Tomin analogue from the culture (Tex Tomin A, Tex Tomin A (At 10-200 ppb) and necrosis (at 200-700 ppb) in cultivation of potatoes micro-grown prolifically in vitro in all four compounds, 1000 ppb). In addition, Texotamine was applied in combination and showed an additive effect, but no synergistic effect (Hiltunen, Laakso et al. 2006). According to Duke et al. (Duke, Baerson et al. 2003), Texotamine A (Fig. 1) and Texotamine D have remarkable activity as a non-permeable herbicide prior to germination and after germination, Induce cell swelling, necrosis and growth inhibition in monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plant seedlings (Healy, Wach et al. 2000). Texomine has been evaluated as a herbicide by Dow Agro Sciences, Inc. and is active, while lacking penetration (King, Lawrence et al. 2001). The presence of the nitro group in the indole ring, which is required for the L, L-form of diketopiperazine, is the minimum requirement for phytotoxicity. The position of the nitro group in the indole ring is highly site specific and the phenyl portion of phenylalanine plays an important role in the structural requirements of phytotoxicity (King, Lawrence et al. 1989; King, Lawrence et al. 1992; King , Lawrence et al. 2003). The mode of action of herbicides is based on the interruption of cell wall synthesis (Fry and Loria 2002), with the main goal being the inhibition of cell biosynthesis (King et al., 2001 Duval et al., 2005; Johnson et al. Recently, Kang et al. (Semones et al. 2008) have described the use of the compositions of the phytosamine and the photosome as algaecides to control algae in aquatic environments.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is a pre- or post-emergent herbicide that works on most common weeds in cereal, pasture grass, Timothy grass and turf grass growth systems. ≪ / RTI > The "growth system" may be any ecosystem for the growth of grains, grasses, timothy grass and tough grass. For example, the "grain growing system" may be a cereal growing field or a field of crops or cereal seeded fields. Similarly, the "turfgrass growth system" may be a turfgrass growing arable land, or may be a field, lawn, or golf course planted with turfgrass or toughgrass seeds. This can provide a safe alternative to synthetic herbicides in the current market. The first object of the present invention is to provide a method for the production of Chenopodium < RTI ID = 0.0 > album ), abutilon theophilasti ( Abutilon theophrasti), do not patronize Oh tooth Augustine (Helianthus annuus), Ambrosia Artemisia polyamic (Ambrosia artemesifolia , Amaranthus retroflexus , Convolvulus arvensis , Brassica kaber , Taraxacum officinale , Solanum < RTI ID = 0.0 > nigrum , Malva neglect , Setaria lutescens , Bromus tectorum , Poa annua , Poapratensis , Lolium perenne L. var. Pace, Festuca arundinaceae Schreb ) . there is. Aztec II, Anthem II, LSI 100, Echinochloa crus - galli ), And in particular, people seukwoteo (Lambsquarter) - Kenora podium album, Red root pig Weed (Redroot Pigweed) - Maybe Lantus retro Plectranthus Seuss, wild mustard (Wild Mustard) - Brassica car Verbier, Dandelion (Dandelion) - Fallen sakum operational during nalre , And Black Nightshade-Solanum nigrum, which act on both grasses and weeds, including but not limited to: Another object is to provide a safe, non-toxic herbicidal composition that does not harm grain crops, grasses, timothy grasses or tough grasses, and a method that is environmentally benign.

These and other objects are achieved by a method for controlling the growth and germination of weeds in one or more herbicides, for example, the cereal growth system and / or the tough grass growth system and / or the timothy grass growth system and / Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > of < / RTI > the present invention. In particular, the invention relates to a herbicidal composition for use in controlling germination and growth of monocotyledonous plants and / or dicotyledonous plants and / or forage and weeds in a cereal growth system. In a particular embodiment, the cereal growth system is a rice-free cereal growth system comprising at least one herbicide, wherein the herbicide is a tocotamine. The composition of the present invention may further comprise a carrier and / or diluent. In a particular embodiment, the composition is an aqueous composition. In another specific embodiment, the above-mentioned camptothecin in the composition may be dissolved in a diluent comprising an organic solvent such as ethanol, isopropanol or an aliphatic ketone such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone or methyl isobutyl ketone.

In a related aspect, the present invention provides a herbicide formulation for controlling cropping plants and / or dicotyledonous plants and / or forage and weeds in a cereal growth system, for example, a rice-free cereal growth system, It concerns the use of Tomin. Similarly, the present invention relates to the use of one or more herbicides in herbicidal formulations for the control of monocotyledonous plants and / or dicotyledonous plants and / or shoots and weeds in a turfgrass growth system and / or a timothy grass growth system and / or a grass growing system will be. Wherein the at least one herbicide is a < RTI ID = 0.0 >

The composition of the present invention may further comprise one or more herbicides in addition to the photosome. Accordingly, the present invention may include a combination of a camphor compound and a chemical herbicide and / or a bioherbicide. Compositions comprising at least a second herbicide can be used in a cereal growth system (e.g., wheat, triticale, barley, oats, rye, corn, sorghum, sorghum, sugarcane, rice or millet) and / or tough grass growing systems and / or timothy grass growing systems and / or grass growing systems.

The present invention provides the use of camptothecin as a herbicide prior to or after germination and the present invention relates to a method for the selective regulation of germination and growth of monocotyledonous plants, dicotyledonous plants and forage and weeds in a cereal crop growth system. In a particular embodiment, the grain growth system is effective to control the germination and growth of the weed in the weed or soil in the cereal crop system in question, wherein one or more herbicides, wherein the herbicide is a tocotamine, In a system that does not regulate the growth of crops in an amount that does not control the growth of the crop. The cereal crops include, but are not limited to, corn, wheat, rice mill, barley, rye, oats, sorghum, sorghum, and jars. The present invention further relates to a method of growing a weed or soil in which the herbicide is at least one herbicide, wherein the herbicide is a tocotamine, in a tough grass growth system, In a tough, grass and / or timothy grass growth system, comprising applying grasses in the grass growing system and / or germination and growth of timothy grass in the timothy grass growth system in an amount that does not control growth. And to a method for regulating the germination and growth of plants and foresters and weeds. The tuftgrass is available from Festuca sp . ), Poa sp . ), Bromus sp. , Lolium sp . ), Agrostis sp . ), Zoysia sp . ), Cynodon sp. , And the like.

In addition, the present invention relates to the use of Chenopodium album ) , abutilon theophilasti ( Abutilon theophrasti , Helianthus annuus), Ambrosia Artemisia polyamic (Ambrosia artemesifolia , Amaranthus retroflexus , Convolvulus < RTI ID = 0.0 > arvensis , Brassica kaber , Taraxacum < RTI ID = 0.0 > officinale , Solanum nigrum , Malva neglect , Setaria lutescens , Bromus tectorum , Poa annua , Poapratensis , Lolium < RTI ID = 0.0 > perennial ) L. var. Pace, Festuca arundinaceae Schreb ). there is. A method for controlling the germination and growth of a weed selected from the group consisting of Aztec II, Anthem II, LSI 100, Echinochloa crus-galli , Which method comprises applying an effective amount of a camptotamine or a salt thereof to the weed or the soil.

The method of the present invention may also include the use of at least a second herbicide. The two herbicides may be applied together in one formulation or separately in two formulations. The control of weeds uses Texotomine A in the tank mix or has good activity for foliage and weeds, but not for plant crops and / or toughgrass and / or grasses and / or timothy grass , Alternating with other herbicidally active compounds. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for controlling the growth of monocotyledonous plants, dicotyledonous plants and shoots and weeds, which comprises applying to the weeds an amount of texutamine and at least a second herbicide capable of controlling growth of the weed . The two herbicides may be applied together in one formulation or separately in two formulations. The above-mentioned camptothecin and second herbicide may be used in a crop growth system (e.g., wheat, lime, barley, oats, rye, maize, sorghum, sugarcane, rice or barley) and / or tough grass growth system and / System and / or a Timothy grass growth system.

Beausejour, J., C. Goyer, et al. (1999). "Production of thaxtomine by Streptomyces scabies strains in plant extract containing media." Can J Microbiol 45: 764-768. Duke, S. O., S. R. Baerson, et al. (2003). "United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service research on natural products for pest management." Pest Manag Sci 59: 708-717. Duke, S. O., F. E. Dayan, et al. (2000). "Natural products as sources of herbicides: current status and future trends." Weed Research 40: 99-1 11. Fry, B.A. and R. Loria (2002). &Quot; Thaxtomin A: Evidence for a plant cell wall target. "Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology 60: 1-8. Gerwick, B. C, P. R. Graupner, et al. (2005). Methylidene mevalonates and their use as herbicides. U. p. 7393812: 16. Healy, F. G., M.J. Wach, et al. (2000). "The txtAB genes of the plant pathogen Streptomyces acidiscabies encode a peptidesynthetase required for phytotoxin thaxtomine prodcution and pathogenicity." Molecular Microbiology 38: 794-804. Hiltunen, L. H., I. Laakso, et al. (2006). "Influence of thaxotomines in different combinations and concentrations on micropropagated potato shoot cultures." J Agric Food Chem 54: 3372-3379. Hoagland, R. E. (2001). "Microbial allelochemicals and pathogens as bioherbicidal agents." Weed Technology 15: 835-857. Kang, Y., S. Semones, et al. (2008). Methods of controlling algae with thaxtomin and thaxtomin compositions. USA, Novozymes Biologicals, Inc. King, R. R., C. H. Lawrence, et al. (1992). "Chemistry of phytotoxins associated with Streptomyces scabies, the causal organism of potato common scab." J. Agric. Food Chem 40: 834-837. King, R. R., C. H. Lawrence, et al. (1989). "Isolation and characterization of phytotoxin associated with Streptomyces scabies." Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications 13: 849-850. King, R. R., C. H. Lawrence, et al. (2003). "More chemistry of the thaxtomin phytotoxins." Phvtochemistrv 64: 1091-1096. King, R. R., C. H. Lawrence, et al. (2001). "Herbicidal properties of the thaxtomin group of phytotoxins." J Agric Food Chem 49: 2298-2301. Loria, R., R. A. Bukhalid, et al. (1995). "Differential production of thaxotomines by pathogenic Streptomyces species in vitro" Phytopathology 85: 537-541.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of Texotamine A. FIG.

The numerical range provided herein should be understood as the value of each intervening value between the upper and lower limits of the range to the tenth of the unit unless explicitly stated otherwise in context , Within the stated ranges, any other stated value or any other intervening value mentioned is included in the present invention. Depending on the limits specifically excluded from the stated ranges, the upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included in a smaller range and may also be included in the present invention. Wherein the stated ranges include one or both of the limits, and ranges excluding one or both of the included limits thereof are also included in the present invention.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. The appropriate methods and materials will be described.

The singular forms " a, " and "and " the ", and" the ", as used herein and in the claims, refer to a plurality of references, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

Tex Tomin used in the present invention is Streptomyces MRS Scar bis (S. scabies) - ATCC 49173, Streptomyces MRS also know Scar bis (S. acidiscabies) - ATCC 49003, and BL37-EQ-010 - a Streptomyces (actinomycetes) of the culture Obtained from fermentation, or can be purchased from commercial suppliers.

The above-mentioned camptothecin used in the present invention includes, but is not limited to, a preparation described as a cyclodipeptide having a cyclo- (L-4-nitrotryptophyl-L-phenylalanyl) basic structure. In one embodiment, suitable diketopiperazine residues may be N-methylated and may include homologous species carrying phenylalanyl alpha and ring-carbon hydroxyl groups. In certain embodiments, the chemical comprises:

Wherein R ₁ is methyl or H, R ₂ is hydroxy or H, R ₃ is methyl or H, R ₄ is hydroxy or H, R ₅ is hydroxy or H, R ₆ is hydroxy or H, It is a combination.

Non-limiting examples of suitable < RTI ID = 0.0 > Texomines < / RTI > for use in accordance with the present invention include, but are not limited to, Texotamine A, Texotamine A orthoisomer, Texotamine B, Texotocin C, Hydroxytexocin C, Texotamine A p-isomer, But are not limited to, Tumor A and des-N-methylthaxtomin C and any derivatives thereof (see FIG. 1).

The composition of the present invention may be applied to plants or applied to the soil. Specific embodiments are illustrated in the following examples. Such compositions may be in the form of powders, coarse dust, micro granules, granules, wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates, liquid solvents, suspension concentrates, water-degradable granules or oil suspensions Lt; / RTI >

The composition of the present invention may comprise a carrier and / or a diluent. The term ' carrier ' as used herein refers to an inert, organic or inorganic material having an active ingredient that is mixed or made to facilitate its application to the plant or other body to be treated, or its storage, transportation and / it means. Examples of diluents or carriers for the germination and post-germination herbicides include, but are not limited to, water, milk, ethanol, mineral oil, glycerol.

The composition of the present invention may comprise two or more herbicides. One herbicide is the set of the above mentioned tocotins. In one embodiment, the camptothecin may be present in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to about 5.0 mg / mL. The remaining herbicides may be biological herbicides and / or chemical herbicides. The biological herbicide may be selected from the group consisting of clove, cinnamon, lemongrass, citrus oils, orange peel oil, tentoxin, cornexistin, AAL- toxin, leptospermone, sarmentine, momilactone B, sorgoleone, ascaulatoxin, and ascaulatoxin aglycone in a group consisting of Can be selected. In a particular embodiment, the composition may comprise a tocotamine, a lemon grass oil and optionally a surfactant and / or a vegetable oil. In another embodiment, the composition may comprise a texutamine, sarm mentin and optionally a non-ionic surfactant and / or a vegetable oil. Such biomass herbicides, such as lemon grass oil or sarm mentin, may be present in an amount ranging from about 0.1 mg / mL to about 50 mg / mL, more preferably from about 0.5 mg / mL to about 10 mg / mL. The chemical herbicide may be selected from the group consisting of diflufenzopyr and its salts, dicamba and its salts, topramezone, tembotrione, S-metolachlor, atrazine, mesotrione, primisulfuron-methyl, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, nicosulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, But are not limited to, asulam, metribuzin, diclofop-methyl, fluazifop, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, asulam, ), Oxyfluorfen, rimsulfuron, mecoprop, and quinclorac, thiobencarb, clomazone, cyhalofop, ), Propanil, bensulfuron-methyl, penoxsulam, triclopyr, imazethapyr, halosulfuron- Haloperidol, halosulfuron-methyl, pendimethalin, bispyribac-sodium, carfentrazone ethyl, sodium bentazon / sodium acifluorfen, and ≪ / RTI > or orthosulfamuron.

Such chemical herbicides, such as pendimethalin or clomazone, may be present in an amount ranging from about 0.5 mg / mL to 15 mg / mL for germination control application prior to germination and may be present in an amount ranging from about 0.5 mg / mL to about 15 mg / mL, Chemical herbicides such as pyrimidine-sodium, phenoxysulam are used in post-emergence applications in amounts ranging from about 1 mg / mL to about 40 mg / mL, more preferably from about 15 mg / mL to about 35 mg / mL Can exist. The composition may additionally comprise adjuvants which may be vegetable oils, including ethyl oleate, polyethylene dialkyl ester and ethoxylated nonylphenol. The composition may further comprise a surfactant used for the purposes of emulsification, dispersion, wetting, diffusion, incorporation, degradation control, stabilization of the active ingredient, fluidity enhancement or corrosion protection. The choice of dispersants and emulsifying reagents, such as non-ionic, anionic, amphoteric and cationic dispersants and emulsifying reagents, and the amounts used thereof, facilitates the characterization of the compositions and the dispersion of the herbicide compositions of the present invention ≪ / RTI >

As a post-germicidal formulation, non-ionic surfactants (e.g., polyoxyethylene (20) monolaurate or polysorbate 60 POE (20) sorbitan monostearate, ethylene glycol monostearate Smectite clays, attapulgite clays and similar swelling clays, xanthan gums, gum Arabic, and other polyamides, as well as dispersion stabilizers such as poly And thickeners such as polysaccharide thickeners. The concentration of the clay may vary from about 0-2.5% w / w of the total formulation. The polysaccharide thickener may range from about 0-0.5% w / w of the total formulation, and the surfactant may range from about 0-5% w / w of the total formulation.

[ Example ]

The compositions and methods of the present invention are further described below as non-limiting examples. The examples are illustrative only of the various aspects and are not intended to limit the claimed invention by such materials, conditions, weight ratios, process parameters and the like as recited herein.

Example  One

In a pot study in a greenhouse condition, 6-inch corn plants ( Zea mays there is. Sunglow) was sprayed with increasing concentrations of Texotamine A mixed with 4% ethanol, 0.02% polysorbate 60 POE (20) sorbitan monostearate solution in the carrier. The sprayed solution contained 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 mg Texomin A / mL and was sprayed over the entire range of the plant. Each treatment was repeated three times and the control solution consisted of 4% ethanol and 0.02% polysorbate 60 POE (20) sorbitan monostearate and water as surfactant. Before and after treatment, the plants were grown in a greenhouse 25 ° C under artificial lighting (12-h light / dark cycle).

Evaluation of the plants was started on the seventh day after the treatment and every week. The final assessment was made three weeks after treatment, at which point phytotoxicity was not observed even in the test plants with the highest levels of Texatom A.

Example  2

Corn ( Zea mays there is. Early Sunglow) and wheat ( Triticum aestivum there is. PR1404). ≪ / RTI > In order to determine the activity of broad-leaved weeds in corn planting three or Pig Weed (Amaranthus sp.) With five dogs and wheat seeds in the same container, sowed the grain test plants at the same time. Plants below 3-inches in height grown at 28 ° C under growth illumination (12-h light / 12-h darkness), 0.5 per mL of solution (4% ethanol and 0.2% non-ionic surfactant) A solution of Texotamine A derived from a culture solution of Streptomyces acidiscabies containing 1.0 mg Texomin A was sprayed. A solution of 4% ethanol + 0.2% non-ionic surfactant, without Texamin A, was used as control treatment. Each treatment was repeated three times. Treated plants were placed under growth illumination at 28 占 폚 and at the three points of time - on days 7, 14 and 21 after treatment - the visual symptoms of phytotoxicity in corn and wheat and% control of pigweed were observed.

At each time point, no phytotoxic symptoms were observed in the cereal plants treated with Texatom A. The highest concentration of Texotamine A (1.0 mg / mL) resulted in complete growth control of pigweed grown in the same container as corn and wheat.

Example  3

To test the phytotoxicity of text Tomin A in plant cane, sorghum (Sorghum

bicolor) planted five seeds in each of the 4 "x4" plastic containers filled with soil. Before and after treatment with a solution containing 0.5 and 1.0 mg Texodamine A / mL, the plants were grown under optimal conditions in the greenhouse. At the time of the treatment, the height of the plant was about 3 inches. Each treatment was repeated three times and the control treatment included plants treated with carrier (4% EtOH, 0.02% polysorbate 60 POE (20) sorbitan monostearate). Evaluation of phytotoxicity was carried out at 7 days intervals starting on the 1st week after treatment. The final evaluation was carried out 3 weeks after the treatment, at which time no phytotoxicity was observed in the plants treated with any treatment concentration.

Example  4

Streptomyces were grown MRS also know Scar bis (S. acidiscabies) (ATCC-49003 ) strains in the steel Oat culture (oat bran broth) for 5 days (25 ℃, 200rpm). The whole cell culture fluid containing Texotamine A was extracted using XAD resin. The dried crude extract was resuspended in 4% ethanol and 0.02% non-ionic surfactant at a concentration of 10 mg / mL and contained two different concentrations of Texotamine A (0.5 and 1.0 mg / mL) The above solutions were tested in the following herbaceous weed species:

Lambsquarter - Chenopodium album

Velvetleaf - Abutilon theophrasti

Sunflower - Helianthus annuus

Pig Pool (Ragweed, Common) - Ambrosia artemesifolia

Pigweed (Redroot) - Amaranthus retroflexus

Bindweed (Common) - Convolvulus arvensis

Mustard, Wild - Brassica kaber

Dandelion - Taraxacum officinale

Night Shade (Nightshade, Black) - Solanum nigrum

Mallow, Common - Malva neglecta

We have also tested the following herbaceous weeds:

Foxtail - Setaria lutescens

Brom (Brome, Downy) - Bromus tectorum

Bluegrass (Annual) - Poa annua

Bluegrass (Kentucky) - Poa pratensis

Ryegrass (Perennial) - ( Lolium perennial There is L. Pace)

Fescue (Tall) - ( Festuca arundinaceae Schreb . there is. Aztec II, Anthem II, LSI 100)

Barnyard Grass - Echinochloa crus - galli

All plant species were tested three times in 4 "x4" plastic containers. Untreated control plants were sprayed with a carrier solution (4% ethanol, 0.02% glycosperse), and positive control plants had 1 fl. round-up processing was performed at a ratio corresponding to oz / acre. Treated plants were kept under 12h light / 12h dark conditions in the greenhouse. The data of the leaf weevil species obtained from the weekly evaluation are shown in Table 1.

The extracts from bacterial cultures of S. acidiscabies, along with 0.5 mg / mL or higher concentrations of Texotamine A, were found to be the least common three most common weedy species in the grain and tough growth system (dandelion , Mustard and pigweed). Control of some weeds such as black knight shade and common lambsquarter was not perfect, but Texothamine A showed significant growth inhibition of these weeds even at low concentrations (0.5 mg / mL). In such studies, no side effects were observed in grass treated with 0.5 or 1.0 mg / mL Texomin A. In all of the treated grass species, no phytotoxic effect was observed even at the highest Texotamine A concentration.

Example  5

The combined effect of Texomin A and two commercial herbicides (small-flower umbrella sedge) and two commercial herbicides (lemon grass oil made with bispyridyl-sodium and GreenMatch EX made from Regiment) Site (1-sq foot). All single product processing and tank mix combinations were sprayed at 57 gal per acre. Evaluation of the control% was carried out on the 14th day after the treatment, and the results are shown in Table 2 below. The meanings of each column indicated by the same letter in Table 2 are not statistically different from each other at p < 0.05.

According to the results, 1.25% by weight of lemon grass oil did not enhance the efficacy of Texatomin A (at 0.25 mg / mL) in weeds, but the water grass (local test) and sprangletop (greenhouse test) In the same foliage and weeds, the efficacy was markedly increased.

According to the above results, 1.25% by weight of lemongrass oil did not enhance the efficacy of Texecomin A (0.25 mg / mL) in weeds, but significantly increased efficacy in herbaceous weeds such as water grass (field test) Respectively. Texotamine A (0.5 mg / mL) enhanced the efficacy of the ALS inhibitor, bispyrylnosphine; Half-level ratio used in both forage and turf.

Example  6

The efficacy of Texotamine A in rice from a culture solution of S. acidiscabies was tested in a field study using a 4.9 sq-ft site surrounded by a metal ring. The treatment of Texotamin A in combination with Texomin A or Lemon Grass Oil (made with GreenMatch EX) or Cichalopoff (made with Clincher CA) was carried out using a portable sprayer with a volume of water corresponding to 57 gallons per acre It was executed. The rice (variety M209) was grown until it was fully harvested and hand harvested for water quality and weed count. The results of each site (kg / ha), and the number of red stems, small flower umbrella shoots, and dragonflies are shown in Table 3 below.

1. UTC; 2. Texotamine A (180 g / acre); 3. Lemon grass oil 1.25% + Texexamine A (90 g / acre);

4. Halophosphate (half-strength ratio: 52 g / acre) + Texecomin A (90 g / acre) + vegetable oil 2.5%

The meaning of each column indicated by the same letter is not statistically different at p < 0.05.

The results show that at 180 g / acre, the sextetine significantly decreased the number of forage, but did not affect the hanging or watering probability. In the case of using half of the ratio (Texotamine A 90 g / acre), the combination with lemon grass oil was more effective at the later stage than the combination with sialorphop (half the level of 52 g / acre). Effective phytotoxic and weed control was achieved when the combination of tec- tomin (90 g / acre) with a half-dose of sialorphop - the combination also significantly increased the probability of water.

Example  7

(2- [4- (4-cyano-2-fluorophenoxy) phenoxy] propanoic acid, butyl ester) is also reacted with ethyl oleate, polyethylene dialkyl ester and ethoxylate Adjuvants containing ethoxylated nonylphenol (2.5 % v / v) and Texothamine A (purified from ATCC strain 49003) at increasing concentrations of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg / ml. The concentration of 2- [4- (4-cyano-2-fluorophenoxy) phenoxy] propanoic acid, butyl ester before dilution is 29.6% (2.38 lb / gal) lb / gal). The effect of this mixture on the growth of common water plants, red stems, floristic foreskins and rhododendrons was measured in the greenhouse. Similarly, rice plants of the strain M104 were cultivated and tested for their effect on phytotoxicity, and all plants were evaluated on days 7, 14, and 21 after treatment. At the 21st day evaluation point, the results of the above study with the sialorphop made in Clincher CA are shown in Table 4 below.

In conclusion, Clincher CA (29.6% by weight) applied at half the level (6.5 oz / acre) showed good effects on foliage and weeds - the effect was not so good in the leaf weeds and weak in the reef. The combination of Clincher CA and Texotamine A effectively controlled all the rice weeds tested in the above study. The efficacy of Texotamin A on herb and weeds was substantially improved when combined with Clincher. At all tested concentrations, the combination of Clincher CA and Texotamin A did not cause phytotoxicity in rice.

Example  8

(2, 2-difluoroethoxy) -N- (5,8-dimethoxy [1,2,4] triazolo [1,5c] pyrimidin- -Trifluoromethyl) benzenesulfonamide) with adjuvants comprising ethyl oleate, polyethylene dialkyl ester and ethoxylated nonylphenol (2.5% v / v) and 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg / ml Concentration of Texotamine A (purified from ATCC strain 49003). (2-fluoro-phenoxy) phenoxy] propanoic acid, butyl ester or 2- (2,2-difluoroethoxy) -N- -Dimethoxy [1,2,4] triazolo [1,5c] pyrimidin-2-yl) -6-trifluoromethyl) benzenesulfonamide is 29.6% (2.38 lb / gal) Was 21.7% (2 lb / gal). The effect of this mixture on the growth of common water plants, red stems, floristic foreskins and rhododendrons was measured in the greenhouse. Similarly, rice plants of the strain M104 were cultivated and tested for their effect on phytotoxicity, and all plants were evaluated on days 7, 14, and 21 after treatment.

Example  9

The strains of S. acidiscabies were grown for 5 days (25 DEG C, 200 rpm) in oily medium. The whole cell culture was extracted with XAD resin, and the dried crude extract was resuspended in 4% ethanol and 0.2% non-ionic surfactant at a concentration of 10 mg / mL. The diluted extract containing 0.2 and 0.4 mg of Texothamine A per mL was applied to three weed species (Red Stem; Ammania spp ., small flower umbrella sod; Cyperus difformis And Swallow : Leptochloa uninervia . Other treatments included combinations containing 2.5 and 5.0 mg / mL sarmentine and 0.2 mg Texothamine A and 2.5 mg Sartentin per mL. Each treatment was applied three times. Treated plants were placed in a greenhouse under 12h light / 12h dark conditions. The results of the evaluation performed on the 25th day after the treatment are shown in Table 5.

At the highest concentration of 0.4 mg / mL, Texothamine A excelled in control of the forage, but did not control the herbivorous weeds and weeds. When combined with sartentin, the potency and herbicidal efficacy was significantly enhanced. In addition, the efficacy against the forage was also enhanced when the combination was treated, as compared to the case where the corresponding concentration of Texotamine A was applied alone. In the above study, control of the leafy stem (red stem) was not successful in all treatments.

While the invention has been described in conjunction with the specific embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific details thereof, and that various equivalent modifications and variations may be utilized as long as they are within the scope of the invention.

Various references are cited throughout this specification, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Claims (18)

Wherein the first herbicide is composed of at least two kinds of herbicides and the second herbicide is a bioherbicide and the herbicide is sarmentine herbicide combination, :

Wherein R ₁ is methyl or H, R ₂ is hydroxy or H, R ₃ is methyl or H, R ₄ is hydroxy or H, R ₅ is hydroxy or H, R ₆ is hydroxy or H.
The composite of claim 1, wherein the composite further comprises an adjuvant, a non-ionic surfactant, an organic solvent, or a combination thereof.
The composite of claim 1, wherein the composite further comprises a non-ionic surfactant, an aliphatic alcohol, or a combination thereof.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the composite is a composition.
2. The composite of claim 1, wherein the composite is a synergistic composite.
delete A method for controlling the growth of weeds selected from the group consisting of Ammania sp., Cyperus sp., And Leptochloa sp.
Applying the composite of claim 1 to the weeds or soil in an amount effective to control growth of the weed.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the weeds are regulated in cereal growth growing fields.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the cereal growth growing area is a rice growing area.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the complex is applied alternately with the first or second herbicide.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the complex is applied together with the first or second herbicide.
Non-rice cereal crop Growing cropland or turf grass Growing cropland or timothy grass Growing cropland or pasture grass Growing cropland or turf grass Growing cropland or pasture grass Growing cropland or turf grass Growing cropland or turf grass Growing cropland The method of the present invention is effective for regulating the growth of the weeds but is not limited to the growth of rice-free grain crops in the rice-free grain crop growing field or the growth of the tough, grass or timothy grass cultivation tough, Applying the composite of claim 1 to the weed or soil in an amount that does not control growth of the grass,
The weeds may be selected from the group consisting of Chenopodium album , Abutilon theophrasti , Helianthus annuus , Ambrosia artemesifolia , Amaranthus retroflexus , Convolvulus arvensis , Brassica kaber , Taraxacum officinale , Solanum nigrum , Malva neglect , Setaria, Setaria lutescens , Bromus tectorum, Poa annua , Poa pratensis , Lolium perenne L. var. Pace, Festuca arundinaceae Schreb . there is. Aztec II, Anthem II, LSI 100, and Echinochloa crus-galli .
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the grain crop is selected from the group consisting of wheat, triticale, barley, oats, rye, corn, sorghum, sugarcane, &Lt; / RTI &gt;
13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the tough grass is selected from the group consisting of Festuca sp., Poa sp., Bromus sp., Lolium sp., Agrostis sp. Zoysia sp., Cynodon sp., And the like.
delete delete 13. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that the first and second herbicides are applied alternately.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the method comprises applying the first and second herbicides together.

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