KR20110108367A - Uses of thaxtomin and thaxtomin compositions as herbicides - Google Patents

Abstract

There is a need for selective, low-risk herbicides used to control weeds in grain cultivation and turf. The present invention discloses that the secondary metabolites of bacteria, textomin and any other herbicides are effective herbicides on broadleaf weeds, herbicides and grasses and weeds. Textomin A and structurally similar compounds can be used as natural herbicides that control the germination and growth of weeds without phytotoxicity to such crops in grain, tough grass, timothy grass and herb cultivation. Because it is a natural non-toxic compound, textomin can be used as a safe substitute for weed control in both traditional organic farming and garden systems.

Description

Uses of Thaxtomin and Thaxtomin compositions as herbicides}

The present invention is Streptomyces germination and growth of broadleaf, sedge and grass and grass weeds, using cyclic dipeptide, Thaxtomin, produced by sp.) as active ingredients A composition and method for controlling.

Natural products refer to materials produced by microorganisms, plants, and other organisms. Microbial natural products provide a rich source of chemical diversity, and their use for pharmaceutical purposes has a long history. However, secondary metabolites made by microorganisms are also successfully used for the control of weeds and pests in agricultural applications.

Textomin (4-nitroindol-3-yl containing 2,5-dioxopiperazin) is a plant-pathogenic Streptomyces genus that causes scab diseases in potato ( Solanium tuberosum) . scabies , S. acidiscabies ) , a type of dipeptide phytotoxins (King, Lawrence et al. 1992). Toxin production occurs in diseased tissues and can also be induced in vitro in optimal growth media containing oat bran (Loria, Bukhalid et al. 1995; Beausejour, Goyer et al. 1999). King and her colleagues (King, Lawrence et al. 2001) have demonstrated that all plant pathogenic species belonging to the Streptomyces family produce one or more textomins with herbicidal activity. Such as heel tunen (Hiltunen, Laakso et al.2006) is Streptomyces MRS Scar bis (S. scabies) and streptomycin MRS burst disk car bis (S. turbidiscabies) four kinds of text Tomin analogue from the culture (Tex Tomin A, Tex Tomin A Ortho isomers, textomin B and textomin D) were purified and all four compounds reduced stem and root growth, root swelling, (at 10-200 ppb) and necrosis (at 200-) in culture of in vitro microproliferated potatoes. 1000 ppb) was found to cause similar symptoms. In addition, textomin was applied in combination and showed an additive effect but no synergy (Hiltunen, Laakso et al. 2006). According to Duke et al. (Duke, Baerson et al. 2003), Tecttomin A (FIG. 1) and Tecttomin D have significant activity as non-invasive herbicides before and after germination, and at concentrations less than 1 uM Causes cell expansion, necrosis and growth inhibition in monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous seedlings (Healy, Wach et al. 2000). Tecttomin has been evaluated as a herbicide by Dow Agro Sciences, Inc. and is active while lacking invasive action (King, Lawrence et al. 2001). The presence of nitro groups in the indole ring, which is required for the L, L-form of diketopiperazine, is a minimum requirement for phytotoxicity. The position of the nitro group in the indole ring is very position specific and the phenyl portion of phenylalanine plays an important role in the structural requirements of phytotoxicity (King, Lawrence et al. 1989; King, Lawrence et al. 1992; King , Lawrence et al. 2003). The mode of action of herbicides is based on disruption of cell wall synthesis (Fry and Loria 2002), with the main goal of disrupting cellulose biosynthesis (King et al., 2001 Duval et al., 2005; Johnson et al. 2007). Recently, Kang et al. (Sanges et al. 2008) have described the use of textomin and textomin compositions as algaecides to control algae in aquatic environments.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is a pre or post-emergent herbicide that acts on most of the common weeds in cereal, pasture grass, Timothy grass and turf grass growing systems. Discloses the use of textomin. The "growth system" can be any ecosystem for the growth of cereals, grasses, timothy grass and tough grass. For example, the "grain growth system" may be a grain growing crop, or may be a rice field planted with grain crops or grain seeds. Similarly, the "tough grass growth system" may be a tough grass growing field, or may be a field, a lawn or a golf course in which tough grass or tough grass seeds are planted. This can provide a safe alternative to synthetic herbicides in the current market. The first object of the present invention is the broad-leaved weed, forage and Kenopodium alboom album ), Abutilon theophrasti ), Helianthus annuus , Ambrosia Artemisfolia artemesifolia ), Amaranthus retroplexus retroflexus ), Convolvulus arvensis , Brassica Caber kaber ), Taraxacum officinale , Solanum nigrum), malba collected negeul (Malva neglect ), Setaria lutesense lutescens ), Bromus Techtorum tectorum ), Poa Anua annua ), Poapratensis , Lolium perenne L. var. Pace, Festuca Arundinaea Shreve arundinaceae Schreb ) . var. Aztec II, Anthem II, LSI 100, Echinochloa crus - galli ), And in particular, people seukwoteo (Lambsquarter) - Kenora podium album, Red root pig Weed (Redroot Pigweed) - Maybe Lantus retro Plectranthus Seuss, wild mustard (Wild Mustard) - Brassica car Verbier, Dandelion (Dandelion) - Fallen sakum operational during nalre , And Black Nightshade-Solanum nigrum, to provide new herbicides containing, as an active ingredient, textomin that acts on both grassy and grassy weeds. Another object is to provide a safe, non-toxic herbicide composition that does not harm grain crops, grasses, timothy grass or tough grass, and a method that does not harm the environment.

The above and other objects are any of those for controlling weed growth and germination in one or more herbicides, for example the grain growth system and / or tough grass growth system and / or timothy grass growth system and / or grass growth system. It can be achieved by the present invention for a herbicide composition containing textomin with a carrier of. In particular, the present invention further relates to herbicide compositions for use in the germination and growth control of monocotyledonous and / or dicotyledonous and / or forage weeds in grain growth systems. In one particular aspect, the grain growth system is a rice-free grain growth system comprising one or more herbicides, wherein the herbicide is textomin. The composition of the present invention may further comprise a carrier and / or diluent. In one particular aspect, the composition is an aqueous composition. In another particular aspect, the textomin in the composition can be dissolved in a diluent comprising an organic solvent such as ethanol, isopropanol, or an aliphatic ketone such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone.

In a related aspect, the present invention relates to one or more herbicides, e.g., tex, in herbicide formulations for controlling monocotyledonous and / or dicotyledonous and / or herbaceous weeds in grain growth systems, e.g. rice-free grain growth systems. It is about the use of tomin. Similarly, the present invention relates to the use of one or more herbicides in herbicide formulations for the control of monocotyledonous and / or dicotyledonous and / or herbaceous weeds in tough grass growth systems and / or timothy grass growth systems and / or pasture growth systems. will be. Wherein at least one herbicide is textomin.

The composition of the present invention may include one or more herbicides, in addition to textomin. Thus, the present invention may include textomin and chemical herbicides and / or bioherbicides. A composition comprising textomin and at least a second herbicide may be used in grain growth systems (e.g., wheat, triticale, barley, oats, rye, corn, sorghum) sorghum, sugarcane, rice or millet) and / or tough grass growth systems and / or timothy grass growth systems and / or grass growth systems.

The present invention provides the use of textomin as a herbicide before or after germination, and the present invention relates to a method for selective control of germination and growth of monocotyledonous, dicotyledonous and forage weeds in a grain crop growth system. In one particular aspect, the grain growth system is effective to control the germination and growth of the weeds with one or more herbicides (wherein the herbicide is textomin) in the weed or soil in the grain crop system, but the grain crop growth A rice-free grain crop growth system that includes applying in an amount that does not regulate the growth of grain crops in the system. Such grain crops include, but are not limited to, corn, wheat, rye wheat, barley, rye, oats, sorghum, sugar cane, and crude. The present invention is further effective to control the growth of the weeds (at least one herbicide is textomin) in the weed or soil in the tough grass growth system, but tough grass in the tough grass growth system, Monocotyledonous, dicotyledonous in a tough, herb and / or timothy grass growing system, comprising applying in an amount that does not regulate germination and growth of grasses and / or timothy grass in the timothy grass growing system A method for controlling the germination and growth of plants and forage weeds. The tough grass is Festuca sp . Poa sp . ), Bromus sp. , Lolium sp . , Agrostis sp . Zoysia sp . ), Cynodon sp .

In addition, the present invention is a Kenopodium alboom (Chenopodium album ), Butylone theopyrasti (Abutilon theophrasti), Helianthus Anus (Helianthus annuus ), Ambrosia Artemisfolia (Ambrosia artemesifolia), Amaranthus retroflexus (Amaranthus retroflexus), Convolbulus Arvensis (Convolvulus arvensis), Brassica Caber (Brassica kaber), Tarasakum Offinale (Taraxacum officinale), Solarum NigrumSolanum nigrum), Malva Neglect (Malva neglect), Setaria lutesense (Setaria lutescens), Bromus Techtoroom (Bromus tectorum), Poa Anua (Poa annua), Poapratensis (Poapratensis), Rarium Ferenne (Lolium perenne) L. var. Pace, Festuka Arundina Shea (Festuca arundinaceae Schreb). var. Aztec II, Anthem II, LSI 100, Echinokloa Cruz-Gali (Echinochloa crus-galliA method for controlling the germination and growth of weeds selected from the group consisting of: A method comprising applying to the weed or soil an effective amount of textomin or a salt thereof to control the germination and growth of the weeds. It is about.

The method of the present invention may also include the use of at least a second herbicide. The two herbicides may be applied together in one formulation or separately applied in two formulations. The control of weeds uses Tecttomin A in the tank mix, or has good activity for flowering and weeds, but is known to have low or no phytotoxicity for grain crops and / or tough grasses and / or grasses and / or thymosy grasses. , By alternating with other herbicidal active compounds. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for controlling the growth of monocotyledonous, dicotyledonous and herbaceous weeds comprising applying to the weeds in an amount capable of controlling growth of the weeds. . The two herbicides may be applied together in one formulation or may be applied separately in two formulations. The textomin and second herbicides are grain growth systems (e.g. wheat, rye wheat, barley, oats, rye, corn, sorghum, sugar cane, rice or crude) and / or tough grass growth systems and / or pasture growth System and / or thymos grass growth system.

Beausejour, J., C. Goyer, et al. (1999). "Production of thaxtomin A by Streptomyces scabies strains in plant extract containing media." Can J Microbiol 45: 764-768. Duke, S. O., S. R. Baerson, et al. (2003). "United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service research on natural products for pest management." Pest Manag Sci 59: 708-717. Duke, S. O., F. E. Dayan, et al. (2000). "Natural products as sources of herbicides: current status and future trends." Weed Research 40: 99-1 11. Fry, B.A. and R. Loria (2002). "Thaxtomin A: Evidence for a plant cell wall target." Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology 60: 1-8. Gerwick, B. C, P. R. Graupner, et al. (2005). Methylidene mevalonates and their use as herbicides. U. p. 7393812: 16. Healy, F. G., M. J. Wach, et al. (2000). "The txtAB genes of the plant pathogen Streptomyces acidiscabies encode a peptidesynthetase required for phytotoxin thaxtomin A prodcution and pathogenicity." Molecular Microbiology 38: 794-804. Hiltunen, L. H., I. Laakso, et al. (2006). "Influence of thaxtomins in different combinations and concentrations on growth of micropropagated potato shoot cultures." J Agric Food Chem 54: 3372-3379. Hoagland, R. E. (2001). "Microbial allelochemicals and pathogens as bioherbicidal agents." Weed Technology 15: 835-857. Kang, Y., S. Semones, et al. (2008). Methods of controlling algae with thaxtomin and thaxtomin compositions. USA, Novozymes Biologicals, Inc. King, R. R., C. H. Lawrence, et al. (1992). "Chemistry of phytotoxins associated with Streptomyces scabies, the causal organism of potato common scab." J. Agric. Food Chem 40: 834-837. King, R. R., C. H. Lawrence, et al. (1989). "Isolation and characterization of phytotoxin associated with Streptomyces scabies." Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications 13: 849-850. King, R. R., C. H. Lawrence, et al. (2003). "More chemistry of the thaxtomin phytotoxins." Phvtochemistrv 64: 1091-1096. King, R. R., C. H. Lawrence, et al. (2001). "Herbicidal properties of the thaxtomin group of phytotoxins." J Agric Food Chem 49: 2298-2301. Loria, R., R. A. Bukhalid, et al. (1995). "Differential production of thaxtomins by pathogenic Streptomyces species in vitro" Phytopathology 85: 537-541.

1 is a diagram showing the structure of texttomin A.

The numerical ranges provided herein are to be understood as to the tenth of the unit, the intereaching value between the upper and lower limits of the range, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. And, within the scope specified above, any other stated value mentioned or any other intervening value is included in the present invention. Depending on the limitations specifically excluded in the above-specified ranges, the upper and lower limits of these small ranges may be independently included in the small ranges and may also be included in the present invention. The ranges specified above include one or both of the limits, and ranges excluding either or both of the included limits thereof are also included in the present invention.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. Such suitable methods and materials will be described.

As used herein and in the claims, the singular forms “a,” “and” and “the” refer to the plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

The textomin used in the present invention can be used for the actinomycetes cultures of Streptomyces scavis ( S. scabies ) -ATCC 49173, Streptomyces assidocascaries ( S. acidiscabies ) -ATCC 49003 and BL37-EQ-010- It can be obtained from fermentation or can be purchased from a commercial supplier.

The textomin used in the present invention includes, but is not limited to, agents described as cyclyl dipeptides having a cyclo- (L-4-nitrotryptophil-L-phenylalanyl) base structure. In one aspect, suitable diketopiperazine residues may be N-methylated and may include those of the same kind that carry phenylalanyl alpha and ring-carbon hydroxyl groups. In one particular aspect the chemical comprises:

Wherein R ₁ is methyl or H, R ₂ is hydroxy or H, R ₃ is methyl or H, R ₄ is hydroxy or H, R ₅ is hydroxy or H, R ₆ is hydroxy or H, and It is a combination.

Non-limiting examples of suitable texomemins for use in accordance with the present invention include, but are not limited to, textomin A, textomin A ortho isomer, textomin B, textomin C, hydroxytextomin C, textomin A p-isomer, hydroxytex Tomin A and des-N-methylthaxtomin C and any derivative thereof (see FIG. 1).

The composition of the present invention can be sprayed on plants or applied to soil. Specific aspects are described in the examples below. Such compositions may be in the form of powders, coarse dust, micro granules, granules, wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates, liquid solvents, suspension concentrates, water soluble granules or oil suspensions. Can be.

The composition of the present invention may comprise a carrier and / or a diluent. As used herein, the term 'carrier' refers to an inert, organic or inorganic material having an active ingredient mixed or made to facilitate its application to a plant or other subject to be treated, or its storage, transport and / or handling thereof. it means. Examples of diluents or carriers for herbicides before and after germination include, but are not limited to, water, milk, ethanol, mineral oil, glycerol.

The composition of the present invention may comprise two or more herbicides. One herbicide is the set of textomin specified above. In one embodiment the texttomin may be present in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to about 5.0 mg / mL. The other herbicides may be bio herbicides and / or chemical herbicides. The biological herbicides are clove, cinnamon, lemongrass, citrus oils, orange peel oil, tentoxin, cornnexin, cornexistin, AAL-toxin (AAL- toxin, leptospermone, sarmentine, momilactone B, sogoleonone, ascaulatoxin and ascaulatoxin aglycone Can be selected. In one particular aspect, the composition may comprise textomin, lemongrass oil and optionally surfactants and / or vegetable oils. In another embodiment, the composition may comprise textomin, sarmentin and optionally nonionic surfactants and / or vegetable oils. Such bioherbicides, such as lemongrass oil or samentin, may be present in amounts ranging from about 0.1 mg / mL to about 50 mg / mL, more preferably from about 0.5 mg / mL to about 10 mg / mL. The chemical herbicides are diflufenzopyr and salts thereof, dicamba and salts thereof, topramezone, tembotrione, S-metolachlor, atrazine (atrazine), mesotrione, primisulfuron-methyl, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid, nicosulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, ah Asulam, metribuzin, diclofop-methyl, fluazifop, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, asulam ), Oxyfluorfen, rimsulfuron, mecoprop, and quinclorac, thiobencarb, clomazone, cyhalofop ), Propanil, bensulfuron-methyl, penoxsulam, triclopyr, imazethapyr, halosulfuron- Methyl (halosulfuron-methyl), pendimethallin (pendimethalin), bispyribac-sodium, carfentrazone ethyl, sodium bentazon / sodium acifluorfen and It may be selected from the group consisting of orthosulfamuron.

Such chemical herbicides, such as pendimethalin or clomazone, may be present in an amount ranging from about 0.5 mg / mL to 15 mg / mL in pre-germination weed control applications, sihalofop, S-metolachlor, bis Chemical herbicides such as pyribac-sodium and phenoxsullam, in post-germination applications, in amounts ranging from about 1 mg / mL to about 40 mg / mL, more preferably from about 15 mg / ml to about 35 mg / mL. May exist. The composition may further comprise an adjuvant which may be a vegetable oil comprising ethyl oleate, polyethylene dialkyl ester and ethoxylate nonylphenol. The composition may further comprise a surfactant used for the purpose of emulsifying, dispersing, wetting, diffusing, integrating, controlling decomposition, stabilizing the active ingredient, enhancing fluidity or preventing corrosion. Selection of dispersants and emulsifying reagents, such as non-ionic, anionic, amphoteric and cationic dispersing agents and emulsifying reagents, and the amounts used thereof, facilitates the properties of the composition and the dispersion of the herbicide composition of the present invention. It is determined by the ability of the reagents to make.

In post-germination formulations, the formulations used may comprise nonionic surfactants (e.g. polyoxyethylene (20) monolaurate or polysorbate 60 POE (20) sorbitan monostearate, ethylene glycol monostearate) Smectite clays, attapulgite clays and similar swelling clays, xanthan gums, gum arabic and other poly It may contain thickening agents such as polysaccharide thickeners. The concentration of clay may vary from about 0-2.5% w / w of the total formulation. The polysaccharide thickener may range from about 0-0.5% w / w of the total formulation, and the surfactant may range from about 0-5% w / w of the total formulation.

[ Example ]

The compositions and methods of the present invention are further described below as non-limiting examples. The examples are merely illustrative of the various aspects and are not intended to limit the claimed invention by such materials, conditions, weight ratios, process parameters, and the like as recited herein.

Example  One

In pot studies in greenhouse conditions, 6-inch corn plants ( Zea mays var. Sunglow) was sprinkled with increasing concentration of textomin A mixed with 4% ethanol, 0.02% polysorbate 60 POE (20) sorbitan monostearate solution in the carrier. The sprayed solution contained 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 mg textomin A / mL and was sprayed over the entire range of the plant. Each treatment was repeated three times and the control solution consisted of 4% ethanol and 0.02% polysorbate 60 POE (20) sorbitan monostearate and water as surfactant. Before and after the treatment, the plants were grown in a greenhouse at 25 ° C. under artificial light (12-h light / dark cycle).

Evaluation of plants was carried out at weekly intervals starting 7 days after treatment. Final assessment was made three weeks after treatment, at which point phytotoxicity was not observed even in the test plants with the highest concentrations of textomin A.

Example  2

Maize ( Zea mays var. Early Sunglow and Wheat ( Triticum) aestivum var. Pod studies were conducted to test the phytotoxicity of textomin A in PR1404). In order to determine the activity of broad-leaved weeds in corn planting three or Pig Weed (Amaranthus sp.) With five dogs and wheat seeds in the same container, sowed the grain test plants at the same time. In plants up to 3-inch tall grown at 28 ° C. under growth lighting (12-h light / 12-h dark), 0.5 per mL of solution (4% ethanol and 0.2% non-ionic surfactant), and A solution of textomin A derived from a culture solution of S. acidiscabies containing 1.0 mg textomin A was sprinkled. A 4% ethanol + 0.2% non-ionic surfactant solution without textomin A was used as a control treatment. Each treatment was repeated three times. Treated plants were placed at 28 ° C. under growth lighting and at three points in time—day 7, 14 and 21 after treatment—we observed gross symptoms of phytotoxicity in corn and wheat and% control of pigweed.

At each time point, no phytotoxic symptoms were observed in the grain plants treated with Tectomin A. The highest concentration of textomin A (1.0 mg / mL) resulted in complete growth control of pigweed grown in the same vessel as corn and wheat.

Example  3

To test the phytotoxicity of Tectomin A in sorghum plants, Sorghum

bicolor) planted five seeds in each of the 4 "x4" plastic containers filled with soil. The real was cultivated under optimal conditions in a greenhouse before and after treatment with solutions containing 0.5 and 1.0 mg textomin A / mL. At the time of the treatment, the height of the plant was about 3 inches. Each treatment was applied three times and control treatments included plants treated with a carrier (4% EtOH, 0.02% polysorbate 60 POE (20) sorbitan monostearate). Assessment of phytotoxicity was performed at 7 day intervals beginning one week after treatment. The final evaluation was performed three weeks after the treatment, at which point no phytotoxicity was observed in the plants treated at any treatment concentration.

Example  4

Streptomyces were grown MRS also know Scar bis (S. acidiscabies) (ATCC-49003 ) strains in the steel Oat culture (oat bran broth) for 5 days (25 ℃, 200rpm). The entire cell culture solution containing textomin A was extracted using XAD resin. The dried crude extract was resuspended in 4% ethanol and 0.02% non-ionic surfactant at a concentration of 10 mg / mL, containing two different concentrations of Tecttomin A (0.5 and 1.0 mg / mL) The solution thus prepared was tested on the following broad-leaved weed species:

Lambsquarter- Chenopodium album

Velvetleaf- Abutilon theophrasti

Sunflower- Helianthus annuus

Ragweed, Common- Ambrosia artemesifolia

Pig Weed (Pigweed, Redroot) - Amaranthus retroflexus

Bindweed (Common) -Convolvulus arvensis

Musttard, Wild- Brassica kaber

Dandelion- Taraxacum officinale

Nightshade, Black- Solanum nigrum

Mallow (Common) -Malva neglecta

It was also tested on the following flower and weed species:

Alopecurus aequalis (Foxtail) - Setaria lutescens

Bromine, downy- bromus tectorum

Bluegrass (annual) -Poa annua

Bluegrass (Kentucky) -Poa pratensis

Ryegrass (perennial)- ( Lolium perenne L. var. Pace)

Fescue, Tall- ( Festuca arundinaceae Schreb . var. Aztec II, Anthem II, LSI 100)

Barnyard Grass- Echinochloa crus - galli

All plant species were tested three times in 4 ”× 4” plastic containers. Untreated control plants were sprayed with carrier solution (4% ethanol, 0.02% glycosphere) and positive control plants with 1 fl. Roundup treatment was performed at a rate corresponding to oz / acre. Treated plants were kept in a greenhouse under 12h light / 12h dark conditions. The data of the broad-leaved weed species obtained from the weekly evaluation are shown in Table 1.

The extract from the bacterial culture of S. acidiscabies Streptomyces at least three of the most common broad-leaved weed species in both grain and tough growth systems with 0.5 mg / mL or higher concentrations of Tecttomin A ( Dandle) , Mustard and pigweed) showed good efficacy (> 50%). The control of some weeds, such as black nightshade and Common lambsquarter, was incomplete, but textomin A resulted in significant growth inhibition of these weeds even at low concentrations (0.5 mg / mL). In this study, no adverse effects were observed in Grass species treated with 0.5 or 1.0 mg / mL textomin A. In all treated grass species, no phytotoxic effect was seen even at the highest concentrations of Tecttomin A.

Example  5

The combination effect of Textomin A and two commercial herbicides (Bispyribac-Sodium made from Regiment and Lemongrass Oil made from GreenMatch EX) in small-flower umbrella sedge and watergrass is small. The site was tested using a site (1-sq foot). All single product treatment and tank mix combinations were sprayed at 57 gals per acre. Evaluation of the control% was done 14 days after the treatment and the results are shown in Table 2 below. The meaning of each column indicated by the same letter in Table 2 is not statistically different at p <0.05.

The results showed that 1.25 wt% lemongrass oil did not enhance the efficacy of Textomin A (at 0.25 mg / mL) in weeds, but with watergrass (local test) and sprangletop (greenhouse test) The same plants and weeds showed a marked increase in efficacy.

As a result, 1.25 wt% lemongrass oil did not enhance the efficacy of Textomin A (0.25 mg / mL) in weeds, but a significant increase in potency in plants and weeds such as watergrass (local test) and drunkards. Showed. Tecttomin A (0.5 mg / mL) enhanced the efficacy of the ALS inhibitor, Bispyribac sodium; Used at half level for both grasses and grasses.

Example  6

Efficacy in rice of textomin A originated from a culture solution of S. acidiscabies was tested in the field using a 4.9 sq-ft site surrounded by metal rings. The treatment of Tectomin A in combination with Textomin A or Lemongrass Oil (made with GreenMatch EX) or Sihalofop (made with Clincher CA) was carried out using a handheld sprayer with a volume of water equivalent to 57 gallons per acre. Was executed. Rice (cultivar M209) was grown until ripe and harvested by hand for yield and weed counting. The results (kg / ha) of each site, and the number of redstems, floret umbrellas, and drunkards are shown in Table 3 below.

1. UTC; 2. Tectomin A (180 g / acre); 3. Lemongrass Oil 1.25% + Textomin A (90 g / acre);

4. Sihalofop (half level ratio; 52 g / acre) + Tectomin A (90 g / acre) + vegetable oil 2.5%

The meaning of each column denoted by the same letter is not statistically different at p <0.05.

The results show that at 180 g / acre, textomin significantly reduced the number of forages, but had no effect on the drunken or the yield. With half the rate (Textomin A 90 g / acre), the combination with lemongrass oil was better at four seconds than the combination with sihalofop (half level 52 g / acre). Effective plant and weed control was achieved when Textomin (90 g / acre) was combined with half the ratio of Sihalofop-the combination also significantly improved yield.

Example  7

Sihalofop (2- [4- (4-cyano-2-fluorophenoxy) phenoxy] propanoic acid, butyl ester) was also added to ethyl oleate, polyethylene dialkyl ester and ethoxylay. Admixture with ethoxylated nonylphenol (2.5 % v / v) and increased concentrations of textomin A (purified from ATCC strain 49003) at concentrations of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg / ml. The concentration of 2- [4- (4-cyano-2-fluorophenoxy) phenoxy] propanoic acid, butyl ester before dilution is 29.6% (2.38 lb / gal) and preferably 2 1.7% (2 lb / gal). The effect of this mixture on the growth of common water plantains, red stems, floriculture and drunkards was measured in a greenhouse. Similarly, rice plants of variety M104 were grown to test their effects on phytotoxicity and all plants were evaluated at days 7, 14, and 21 days after treatment. At day 21 evaluation points, the results of this study with sihalofop made with Clincher CA are shown in Table 4 below.

In conclusion, Clincher CA (29.6 wt.%), Applied at half the rate (6.5 oz / acre), had good effects on the grass and weeds-not so good on broad weeds and weak on weeds. The combination of Clincher CA (Sihalofop) and Textomin A effectively controlled all rice weeds tested in this study. The efficacy of Textomin A on grass and weeds was substantially improved when combined with Clincher. At all tested concentrations, the combination of Clincher CA and Textomin A did not cause phytotoxicity in rice.

Example  8

Phenoxsullam (2- (2,2-difluoroethoxy) -N- (5,8-dimethoxy [l, 2,4] triazolo [l, 5c] pyrimidin-2-yl) -6 -Trifluoromethyl) benzenesulfonamide) was added to adjuvant comprising ethyl oleate, polyethylene dialkyl ester and ethoxylated nonylphenol (2.5% v / v) and increased to 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg / ml concentrations. It was mixed with a concentration of textomin A (purified from ATCC strain 49003). 2- [4- (4-cyano-2-fluorophenoxy) phenoxy] propanoic acid, butyl ester or 2- (2,2-difluoroethoxy) -N- (5,8) before dilution The concentration of dimethoxy [l, 2,4] triazolo [l, 5c] pyrimidin-2-yl) -6-trifluoromethyl) benzenesulfonamide is preferably 29.6% (2.38 lb / gal) Was 21.7% (2 lb / gal). The effect of this mixture on the growth of common water plantains, red stems, floriculture and drunkards was measured in a greenhouse. Similarly, rice plants of variety M104 were grown to test their effects on phytotoxicity and all plants were evaluated at days 7, 14, and 21 days after treatment.

Example  9

S. acidiscabies strains were cultivated for 5 days (25 ° C., 200 rpm) in the culture broth. The entire cell culture was extracted using XAD resin and the dried crude extract was resuspended in 4% ethanol and 0.2% non-ionic surfactant at 10 mg / mL concentration. The diluted extracts containing 0.2 and 0.4 mg of textomin A per mL were collected from three weed species ( Redstem ; Ammania). spp ., small flower umbrella sedge; Cyperus difformis And Drunken : Leptochloa uninervia ). Other treatments included combinations containing 2.5 and 5.0 mg / mL sarmentine and 0.2 mg textomin A and 2.5 mg sarmentin per mL. Each treatment was applied three times. Treated plants were placed in a greenhouse under 12h light / 12h dark conditions. The results of the evaluation performed 25 days after the treatment are shown in Table 5.

The highest concentration of 0.4 mg / mL of textomin A was good at controlling weeds, but was poor at controlling grass and weeds. In combination with samentin, the potency against flower and weed is significantly enhanced. In addition, the efficacy on forage was enhanced when the combination was treated as compared to when Textomin A was applied alone at the corresponding concentration. In this study, the control of the broadleaf weeds (redstem) was poor for all treatments.

Although the present invention has been described in specific embodiments in conjunction with the references, it should not be construed as limiting the details thereof, and it is apparent that various changes and modifications may be used as long as they fall within the scope of the present invention.

Various references are cited throughout this specification, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Claims (18)

Monocotyledons in a rice-free cereal crop growth system and / or a turf grass growth system and / or a Timothy grass growth system and / or a pasture grass growth system. (monocotyledonous), dicotyledonous and sedge weeds to control the germination and growth of the method, wherein the method includes one or more herbicides in the growth system (where the herbicide is Thaxtomin), Effective for regulating the growth of the weeds, but growth of rice-free grain crops in the rice-free grain crop systems and / or tough, grass and / or turf, grass and / or timothy grass growth systems. / Or applying to the weeds or soil in an amount that does not regulate the growth of timothy grass.
The method of claim 1, wherein the grain crop is wheat, triticale, barley, oats, rye, corn, sorghum, sugarcane or millet One of the methods.
The tough grass of claim 1, wherein the tough grass is Festuca. sp . , Poa sp. , Bromus sp . ), Lolium sp . , Agrostis sp . Zoysia sp . ), Cynodon sp .
The method of claim 1, wherein the textomin has the following composition.

Wherein R ₁ is methyl or H, R ₂ is hydroxy or H, R ₃ is methyl or H, R ₄ is hydroxy or H, R ₅ is hydroxy or H, R ₆ is hydroxy or H, and Combination.
The method of claim 1, wherein the weeds are Chenopodium album ), Abutilon theophrasti ), Helianthus annuus ), Ambrosia Artemisfolia artemesifolia ), Amaranthus retroplexus retroflexus ), Convolvulus avensis arvensis ), Brassica caber ( Brassica kaber ), Taraxacum officinale ), solanum nigrum), malba collected negeul (Malva neglect ), Setaria lutesense lutescens ), Bromus Techtorum tectorum), pore O Noir (Poa annua), ten-pore plastic sheath (Poa pratensis ), Lolium perene perenne ) L. var. Pace, Festuca Arundinaea Shreve arundinaceae Schreb ). var. Aztec II, Anthem II, LSI 100, Echinochloa crus-galli .
Monocotyledonous, dicotyledonous and forage weeds, and Ammania sp., Alisma plantago-aquatica, Cyperus sp., Leptochloa sp. A method of regulating the growth of aquatic weeds selected from the group, wherein the method comprises at least two herbicides, wherein the first herbicide is textomin, in an effective amount to control the growth of the weeds. Method comprising applying to.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the monocotyledonous plant, dicotyledonous plant and herbaceous weed are controlled in a grain growth system.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the grain growth system is a rice growth system.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the second herbicide is a chemical herbicide or a bioherbicide.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the second herbicide is diflufenzopyr and salts thereof, dicamba and salts thereof, topramezone, tembotrione, S-metolachlor (S-metolachlor), atrazine, mesotrione, primisulfuron-methyl, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid, nicosulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl (thifensulfuron-methyl), asulam, metrizin, diclofop-methyl, fluazifop, phenoxaprop-p-ethyl ethyl, asulam, oxyfluorfen, rimsulfuron, mecoprop, and quinclorac, thiobencarb, clomazone , Cyhalofop, propanil, bensulfuron-methyl, penoxsulam, triclopyr, imazethapyr , Halosulfuron-methyl, pendimethalin, pendimethallin, bispyribac-sodium, carfentrazone ethyl, sodium betazone / sodium bentazon / sodium acifluorfen), orthosulfamuron (orthosulfamuron) is a chemical herbicide selected from the group consisting of.
The method of claim 6, wherein the second herbicides are clove, cinnamon, lemongrass, citrus oils, orange peel oil, tentoxin, cornnexin , AAL-toxin, leptospermone, sarmentine, momilactone B, sogololeone, ascaulatoxin and asukaulatoxin aglycone ascaulatoxin aglycone) is a biological herbicide selected from the group consisting of.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the first and second herbicides are applied alternately.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the first and second herbicides are applied together.
Of monocotyledonous and / or dicotyledonous and / or herbaceous weeds in a rice-free grain growth system and / or a tough, pasture and / or timothy grass growing system, comprising one or more herbicides, wherein the herbicide is textomin Compositions used to control germination or growth.
A herbicide composition comprising two or more herbicides wherein the first herbicide is textomin and the second herbicide is a bio herbicide or a chemical herbicide.
16. The herbicide composition of claim 15, wherein the composition further comprises an adjuvant, a nonionic surfactant, and / or an organic solvent.
The herbicidal composition of claim 15, wherein the composition further comprises a non-ionic surfactant and / or an aliphatic alcohol.
One or more herbicides of herbicide formulations for the control of monocotyledonous and / or dicotyledonous and / or herbaceous weeds in rice-free grain growth systems and / or tough and / or herb and / or timothy grass growing systems, wherein one or more herbicides Is textomin).

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