JP6557698B2 - Use of tachystmin and tachystmin compositions as herbicides - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to Streptomyces sp. Relates to compositions and methods for controlling the germination and growth of broadleaf, sedge and gramineous weeds, using as an active ingredient a compound comprising tachystmin, a cyclic dipeptide produced by the plant.

Natural products are substances produced by microorganisms, plants and other living organisms. Microbial natural products provide an abundant source of chemical diversity and have a long history of using natural products for pharmaceutical purposes. However, secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms can also be successfully used for weed and pest control in the agricultural field.

Takistomin (2,5-dioxopiperazine containing 4-nitroindol-3-yl) is a plant pathogenic Streptomyces sp. That causes scab of potato (Solanum tuberosum). (S. scabies, S. acidisca
bies) is a family of dipeptide phytotoxins produced by King, Law
rence et al., 1992). Toxin production occurs in diseased tissue and may be induced in vitro in optimal growth medium containing oat bran (Loria, Bukhal)
id et al., 1995; Beausejour, Goyer et al., 1999). King and her collaborators (King, Lawrence et al., 2001)
All phytopathogenic species of the s family have been demonstrated to produce one or more tachystamines with herbicidal activity. Hiltunen et al. (Hiltunen, Laakso et al., 200
6) was prepared by synthesizing four taxistamine analogs (Taxtomin A, Takistomin A ortho isomer, Takistomin B and Takistomin D). scabies and S. turbidi
Purified from a culture of scabies, all four compounds showed similar symptoms of reduced shoot and root growth, root swelling (at 10-200 ppb) and necrosis (at 200-1000 ppb) in potato in vitro microcultures. Showed to trigger. In addition, when applied in combination with taxolmin, it exhibits an additive effect but no synergy (Hiltunen,
Laakso et al., 2006). According to Duke et al. (Duke, Baerson et al., 2003), both tachystmin A (FIG. 1) and tachystmin D have significant activity as non-systemic herbicides before and after budding, and 1 uM of tachystmin A Less than a concentration leads to cell swelling, necrosis and growth inhibition of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous seedlings (Heary, W
ach et al., 2000). Taxolmin is available from Dow Agro Sciences, Inc.
Has been evaluated as a herbicide, but was active but lacked systemic effects (King, Lawrence et al., 2001). The presence of the nitro group of the indole ring required for the L, L-configuration of diketopiperazine appears to be minimally necessary for phytotoxicity. The position of the nitro group on the indole ring is very site specific. The phenyl moiety of phenylalanine also plays a role in the structural requirements for phytotoxicity (King, Lawrence et al., 1
989; King, Lawrence et al., 1992; King, Lawrence et al., 2
003). The mode of action of the herbicidal effect is the main target (King et al., 2001; Duval et al., 2
005; Johnson et al., 2007), based on the disruption of cell wall synthesis including inhibition of cellulose biosynthesis (Fry and Loria, 2002). Recently, Kang et al. (Kang,
(Semones et al., 2008) describe the use of tachystmin and its composition as an algicidal agent to control algae in an aquatic environment.

The present invention discloses the use of tachystmin as a preemergence or postemergence spray herbicide for the most common weeds in cereal, pasture, timothy and turfgrass growth systems. "Growth system"
Can be any ecosystem for growing cereals, grass, timothy and turfgrass. For example, a “cereal growth system” may be a cereal growth culture,
Or it may be a place containing planted cereals or cereal seeds. Similarly, a “turf grass growth system” may be a turfgrass growth culture or may be a field containing planted turfgrass or turfgrass species, a lawn or a golf course. Taxolmin can serve as a safer alternative to synthetic herbicides on the market. The main object of the present invention is to provide a novel herbicidal composition comprising taxoxmin as an active ingredient for any of broadleaf, cyperaceae and grass weeds, including but not limited to: C
henopodium album, Abutilon theophrasti, He
Lianthus annuus, Ambrosia artesifolia, A
maranthus retroflexus, Convolvulus avens
is, Brassica kaber, Taraxacum officinale, S
olanum nigrum, Malva neglect, Setaria lute
scens, Bromus tectorum, Poa annua, Poa prat
ensis, Lolium perenne L. et al. var. Pace, Festuka
arundinaceae Schreb. var. Aztec II, Anthem
II, LS1100, Echinochloa crus-galli, especially Akaza
Cenopodium album, Aubiyu-Amaranthus retrof
lexus, Noharagarashi-Brassica kaber, Dandelion-Taraxac
um officinalale, and dogwood-Solanum nigrum. Other objectives are cereal crop, pasture grass, Timothy
It is to provide a safe and non-toxic herbicidal composition that does not damage grass or turf grass, and a method that does not harm the environment.

The above and other objects are accomplished by the present invention directed to a herbicidal composition containing at least one herbicidal agent, eg, tachystamine, optionally in combination with a particular carrier,
Control the growth and germination of weeds in cereal and / or turfgrass and / or timothy and / or pasture growth systems. In particular, the present invention is further directed to herbicidal compositions used to control germination and growth of monocotyledonous and / or dicotyledonous plants and / or cyperaceae weeds in cereal growth systems. In certain embodiments, the cereal growth system is a non-rice cereal growth system comprising at least one herbicide that is tachystmin.
The composition of the present invention may further comprise a carrier and / or diluent. In certain embodiments, the composition is an aqueous composition. In another specific embodiment, taxoxin in the composition is dissolved in a diluent comprising an organic solvent such as ethanol, isopropanol or an aliphatic ketone such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone.

In a related aspect, the present invention provides at least one herbicide formulation for regulating monocotyledonous and / or dicotyledonous plants and / or cyperaceae weeds in cereal growth systems, such as non-rice cereal growth systems. Intended for the use of other herbicides, for example, tachystmin. Similarly, the present invention provides a herbicide formulation for regulating monocotyledonous and / or dicotyledonous plants and / or cyperaceae weeds in turfgrass and / or timothy and / or pasture growth systems, It is directed to the use of at least one herbicide that is taxistamine.

The composition of the present invention may comprise at least one or more herbicides in addition to taxolmin. Thus, the present invention can include taxolmin and chemical and / or bioherbicides. Compositions comprising taximmine and at least a second herbicide are cereal growth systems (eg wheat, rye wheat, barley, oats, rye, corn, sorghum, sugar cane, rice or millet) and / or turfgrass growth systems And / or in timothy and / or grass growth systems.

Given that the present invention is directed to the use of taxostamine as a preemergence or postemergence sprayed herbicide, the present invention provides selective germination and growth of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants and cyprinid weeds in cereal growth systems. The method to adjust to. In certain embodiments,
A cereal growth system is a non-rice cereal growth system comprising application of at least one herbicide to the weed or soil of the cereal growth system, wherein the herbicide is in the cereal growth system An effective amount of tachystmin that regulates weed germination and growth but not cereal growth. The cereals include but are not limited to corn, wheat, rye wheat, barley,
Rye, oats, sorghum, sugar cane and millet can be included. The present invention provides a turf, pasture and / or Timothy grass g
applying at least one herbicide to the weed or soil of the turfgrass growth system to regulate the germination and growth of monocotyledonous, dicotyledonous and cyperaceae weeds of the rowth system) Further targeted, wherein the herbicidal agent regulates the growth of the weeds, but germination and growth of turfgrass in the turfgrass growth system, grass in the grass growth system and / or timothy in the timothy growth system Is an effective amount of tachystmin that does not regulate. Turfgrass is Festuka sp. Poa sp. Bromus
sp. , Lolium sp. Agrostis sp. Zoysia sp. , C
It can be selected from the group consisting of ydondon sp.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to Chenpodium album, Abutilon theo.
phrasti, Helianthus annuus, Ambrosia artem
esifolia, Amaranthus retroflexus, Convolvu
lus arvensis, Brassica kaber, Taraxacum of
ficinale, Solanum nigrum, Malva neglect, Se
taria lutescens, Bromus tectorum, Poa annu
a, Poa privacyis, Lolium perenne L. et al. var. Pac
e, Festuca arundinaceae Schreb. var. Aztec
II, Anthem II, LS1100, Echinochloa crus-gal
directed to a method for regulating the germination and growth of a weed selected from the group consisting of li, wherein the method comprises an effective amount of taxolmin or a salt thereof for regulating the germination and growth of the weed. A step of applying to the substrate.

The methods of the invention may also involve the use of at least a second herbicidal agent. The two herbicidal agents may be applied together in one formulation or separately in two formulations. Has good activity against tank mixes or grass weeds, but cereals and / or turfgrass and / or
Alternatively, weed control can be achieved by using tachystamine A in rotation with other herbicidal active compounds known to have low phytotoxicity against grass and / or timothy. In particular, the present invention relates to the growth of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants and cyperaceae weeds comprising the step of applying to the weeds an amount of tachystmin that regulates the growth of said weeds and an amount of at least a second herbicidal agent. It is related with the method of adjusting. The two herbicidal agents may be applied together in one formulation or separately in two formulations. Taximine and the second herbicidal agent include cereal growth systems (eg wheat, rye wheat, barley, oats, rye, corn, sorghum, sugar cane, rice or millet) and / or turfgrass growth system and / or grass growth system and / or Or it can be applied to a timothy growth system (sysem).

It is a figure which shows the structure of taxolmin A.

If a range of values is given, the lower limit unit is 1 unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Each value intervening between the upper and lower limits of the range up to / 10, and any other defined value or value intervening in the defined range is understood to be encompassed by the invention. Upper and lower limits of smaller ranges are independently included in the smaller ranges, which are also encompassed by the present invention,
This is the case when excluding boundary values in the specified range. Further, when the specified range includes one or both of the boundary values, a range excluding either of the both boundary values is also included in the present invention.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood in the art to which this invention belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention, the preferred methods and materials are now described.

As used herein and in the appended claims, the singular form (
“A”), “and” and “the” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Note that it contains multiple objects.

Taxolmin used in the present invention is actinomycete culture: S. cerevisiae. scabies-ATC
C49173, S.C. acidiscabies-ATCC49003 and BL37-E
It may be derived from fermentation of Q-010- or it can be purchased from commercial sources.

Taximines used in the present invention include, but are not limited to, drugs described as cyclic dipeptides having the basic structure cyclo- (L-4-nitrotryptophyll-L-phenylalanyl). Appropriate diketopipeper in form
The azne moiety is N-methylated and can include homologues having phenylalanyl alpha and a ring carbon hydroxyl group. In certain embodiments, the chemical is:

[Wherein R ₁ is methyl or H, R ₂ is hydroxy or H, R ₃ is methyl or H, R ₄ is hydroxy or H, R ₅ is hydroxy or H,
R ₆ is hydroxy or H, and combinations thereof. ]including.

Non-limiting examples of suitable taxols for use according to the present invention include, but are not limited to, taxolmin A, taxolmin A ortho isomer, taxolmin B, taxolmin C, hydroxytaxolmin C, taxolmin A p-isomer, hydroxy Including taxomin A, des-N-methyltaximin C and any derivatives thereof (see FIG. 1).

The composition of the present invention may be sprayed onto plants or applied to soil. Particular embodiments are described in the following examples. These compositions may be in the form of powders, coarse powders, microgranules, granules, wettable powders, emulsions, liquid formulations, suspension concentrates, water-degradable granules or oil suspensions.

The composition of the present invention comprises a carrier and / or diluent. As used herein, the term “carrier” is an inert organic or inorganic material that is easy to spread or store, transport and / or handle to the soil, seed, seedling or other object to be treated. Means a material that is mixed or formulated with an active ingredient to make Examples of diluents or carriers for preemergence and postemergence sprayed herbicides include, but are not limited to, water, milk, ethanol, mineral oil, glycerin.

The composition of the present invention may comprise at least two herbicidal agents. One herbicidal agent is the tachystmin described above. In one embodiment, tachystmin is about 0.01 to about 5.
It may be present in an amount in the range of 0 mg / mL. Other herbicides may be bioherbicides and / or chemical herbicides. Bioherbicides are clove, cinnamon, lemongrass, citrus oil, orange peel oil, tentoxin, cornexistin, AAL toxin, manuka (leptospermone)
, Salmentine, momilactone B, sorgoleone, ascaulatoxin and ascaulatoxin aglcon
ycone) can be selected. In certain embodiments, the composition can include taximine, lemongrass oil, and optionally surfactants and / or vegetable oils. In another embodiment, the composition can include taxolmin, salmentin, and optionally a nonionic surfactant and / or vegetable oil. Bioherbicides such as lemongrass oil or salmentin may be present in an amount ranging from about 0.1 mg / mL to about 50 mg / mL, more preferably from about 0.5 mg / mL to about 10 mg / mL. Chemical herbicides include diflufenzopyr and its salts, dicamba and its salts, topramezone, tembotrione, S-metolachlor, atrazine, mesotrione,
Primsulfuron methyl, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, nicosulfuron, thifensulfuron, aslam, metribudine, diclohopmethyl, fluazifop, phenoxaprop-p-ethyl, aslam, oxyfluorfen, rimsulfuron, mecoprop and quinclolac , Thiobencarb, clomazone, cihalohop, propanil, bensulfuron methyl, penoxsulam, triclopyr, imazetapyr, halosulfuron methyl, pendimethalin, bispyribac-sodium salt, carfentrazone ethyl, sodium bentazone / sodium aciflul It can be selected from the group consisting of orphen and orthosulfamron.

Chemical herbicides such as pendimethalin or clomazone are used in amounts ranging from about 0.5 mg / mL to 15 mg / mL in the application of weed control prior to weed germination,
Chemical herbicides such as S-metolachlor, bispyribac sodium salt, penox slam are applied at about 1 mg / mL to about 40 mg / mL, especially about 15 mg / mL, in post-emergent applications.
Between ml and about 35 mg / mL may be present. The composition comprises ethyl oleate,
Adjuncts may also be included which may be vegetable oils including polyethylene dialkyl esters and ethoxylated nonylphenol. The composition may further contain a surfactant used for the purpose of emulsification, dispersion, wetting, spreading, accumulation, disintegration control, stabilization of the active ingredient, improvement of fluidity or prevention of rust. The choice of dispersants and emulsifiers, such as nonionic, anionic, amphoteric and cationic dispersants and emulsifiers, and the amounts used are determined to facilitate the dispersion of the herbicidal composition of the present invention. Determined by the nature of the drug and the ability of the drug.

Formulation ingredients used in post-emergence formulations include thickeners such as smectite clay, attapulgite clay and similar swelling clays, xanthan gum, gum arabic and other thickening polysaccharides,
As well as dispersion stabilizers such as nonionic surfactants (eg, polyoxyethylene (20) monolaurate or polysorbate 60 (POE (20) sorbitan monostearate), ethylene glycol monostearate)). . The clay concentration may vary between about 0-2.5% w / w of the total formulation. The thickening polysaccharide may also be in the range of about 0-0.5% w / w of the total formulation. Further, the surfactant is about 0-
It may be in the range of 5% w / w.

Examples The compositions and methods of the present invention are further illustrated in the following examples, but are not limited to these examples. The examples are merely illustrative of various embodiments and do not limit the claimed invention with respect to materials, conditions, weight ratios, process parameters, etc. described herein.

Example 1
In the examination of the greenhouse condition pot, a 6 inch corn plant (Zea mays)
var. Sunglow) with 4% ethanol, 0.02% polysorbate 60 (
POE (20) sorbitan monostearate) was sprayed while increasing the concentration of taxolmin A mixed with the solution. The spray solution contained 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 mg of tachystmin A / mL and was sprayed until applied to the whole plant. Each treatment is performed in triplicate and the control solution is composed of water containing 4% ethanol and 0.02% polysorbate 60 (POE (20) sorbitan monostearate) as a surfactant. Before and after treatment, plants are grown in a greenhouse at 25 ° C. under artificial light (12 hour light / dark cycle).

Plants are evaluated at weekly intervals starting 7 days after treatment. A final evaluation is made 3 weeks after treatment, at which time no phytotoxicity is observed in any of the test plants, even at the highest concentration of taxextamine A.

Example 2
The study of the pot was done with corn (Zea mays var. Early Sunglo
w) and to test the phytotoxicity of taxolmin A on wheat (Triticum aestivum var. PR1404). To confirm the activity on broad-leaved weeds, 3
Amaranth (Amaranth) in the same pot as either corn or 5 wheat seeds
us sp. ) And spray simultaneously with the cereal test plant. Plants less than 3 inches tall grown under cultivated light (12 hours light / 12 hours dark) at 28 ° C. were mixed with solvent (4% ethanol and 0.2% nonionic surfactant) Taximine A 0.5 and 1 mL per mL.
0 mg containing 0 mg tachystomin A derived from a liquid culture of acidiscabies
Spray the solution. A solution of 4% ethanol + 0.2% nonionic surfactant without taxolmin A is used as a control treatment. Each process is performed in three copies. Treated plants are kept at 28 ° C. under cultivated light and observed at 3 time points (7, 14, and 21 days after treatment) for visual signs of phytotoxicity to corn and wheat and% control of the agate.

At each time point, no phytotoxic symptoms are observed in cereal plants treated with taxolmin A. The highest concentration of taxolmin A (1.0 mg / mL) results in complete control of cypress grown in the same pot as corn and wheat.

Example 3
To test the phytotoxicity of Taximin A on sorghum crops, sorghum (Sorgh
um bicolor) are planted in each 4 ″ × 4 ″ plastic pot filled with soil. Plants were grown under optimum conditions in the greenhouse before and after treatment with a solution containing Taximin A 0.5 and 1.0 mg / mL. At the time of treatment, the height of the plant is about 3 inches. Each treatment is performed in triplicate and the control treatment is carrier (4% EtOH, 0
. Plants treated with only 02% polysorbate 60 (POE (20) sorbitan monostearate)) were included. Evaluation of phytotoxicity is carried out at intervals of 7 days starting from 1 week after treatment. The final evaluation is carried out 3 weeks after treatment, at which point no phytotoxicity is observed in plants treated at any treatment concentration.

Example 4
S. The strain of acidiscabies (ATCC-49003) is grown in oat bran broth for 5 days (25 ° C., 200 rpm). The whole cell culture medium containing taxoxin A is extracted using XAD resin. The dry crude extract is 4% at a concentration of 10 mg / mL
Resuspended in ethanol and 0.02% nonionic surfactant and treated with tachystamine A (0
. 5 and 1.0 mg / mL) at two different concentrations of the following broadleaf weed species:
Akaza-Cenopodium album
Velvet leaf-Abutilon theophrasti
Sunflower-Helianthus annuus
Ragweed-Ambrosia artesifolia
Aubiyu-Amaranthus retroflexus
Convolvulus arvensis
Noragarashi-Brassica kaber
Dandelion-Taraxacum officinale
Inu physalis-Solanum nigrum
Mallow-Malva neglecta,
And the following grass weed species:
Enokorogusa-Setaria lutescens
Fluff bromgrass-Bromus tectorum
Annual Bluegrass-Poa annua
Kentucky Bluegrass-Poa privacy
Perennial ryegrass-(Lolium perenne L. var. Pace)
Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinaceae Schreb. Va
r. Aztec II, Anthem II, LS1100)
Inuhi-Echinocloa crus-galli
To test for

All plant species are tested in 3 replicates in 4 "x4" plastic pots. Untreated control plants are sprayed with carrier solution (4% ethanol, 0.02% glycosperse) and positive control plants with Roundup at a rate corresponding to 1 fl oz / acre. Treated plants are kept in a greenhouse under 12 hours light / 12 hours dark conditions. Table 1 presents data on broadleaf species by weekly evaluation.

Table 1. S. Scale of weed control effectiveness against different weed species of acidiscabies extract: 0-no control, 1-10% control, 2-25% control, 3-50% control, 4-75
% Control, 5-100% control

S. cerevisiae having a concentration of taxostamine A of 0.5 mg / mL or more. Extracts from bacterial cultures of acidiscabies are used in both cereal and turf growing systems.
systems) showed good efficacy (> 50%) against at least three of the most common broad-leaved weed species (dandelion, mustard and jade). Control of some weeds such as physalis and redwood is not perfect, but even at lower concentrations (0.5 mg / mL) tachystomin A severely impedes the growth of these weeds. In this same study, no side effects are observed in the grass species treated with either 0.5 or 1.0 mg / mL of taxolmin A. In all test grass species, no phytotoxic effects were seen even at higher concentrations of tachystmin A.

Example 5
Taxymin A to cyper and Dutch pepper, and two commercial herbicides (R
Bispyribac sodium salt (Bipyribac-
sodium) and lemongrass oil formulated as GreenMatch EX)
The combined effect of is tested in the field using a small (1 square foot) section. All single substance treatments and tank mix combinations were sprayed at 57 gallons per acre. The evaluation of% control was completed 14 days after the treatment, and the results are presented in Table 2 below. The average value of each column marked with the same letter in Table 2 is not statistically different from each other at p <0.05.

Results show that 1.25 wt% lemongrass oil does not improve the effectiveness of Taximine A (at 0.25 mg / mL) on cyperaceae, but Dutch pepper (field trial) and sprangletop ( Remarkably enhances effectiveness against grass weeds such as greenhouse tests).

Table 2. Effect of Taximine A alone and in combination with Bispyribac sodium salt and lemongrass oil on two rice weeds, cyper and Dutch pepper

According to the results, 1.25% of lemongrass oil is taxoxamine A (0
. Does not improve efficacy (at 25 mg / mL), but significantly enhances effectiveness against grass weeds such as Dutch pepper (field test) and spranglutop. Taximin A (0.5m
(in g / mL) improves the effectiveness of the ALS inhibitor, bipyribac sodium, using half of the indication in both cyperaceae and grass.

Example 6
S. The efficacy of taxistamine A from a liquid culture of acidiscabies is tested in a field study on rice using a 4.9 square foot section surrounded by a metal ring. Carry at a water volume corresponding to 57 gallons per acre using either taxolmin A or lemongrass oil (formulated as GreenMatch Ex) or taxolmin A in combination with cyhalohop (formulated as Clincher CA) Processed using a mold sprayer. Rice (variety M209) was grown to maturity and was hand-reaped for harvest and weed count evaluation. The results for each compartment yield (kg / ha), redstem , cyper and sprangle top numbers are presented in Table 3 below.

The results show that 180 g / acre of tachystomin significantly reduced the number of cyperaceae but had no effect on sprangle top or yield. When used at half rate (Taxtomin A 90g / acre), the combination with lemongrass oil had a better effect on cyperaceae than the combination with cyhalo hops (half of the indication rate used 52g / acre) . When tachystomin (90 g / acre) is combined with a half-labeled cihalohop, good grass weed (sprung top) control is achieved, and this combination also significantly improves the yield.

Example 7
Cihalohop (2- [4- (4-cyano-2-fluorophenoxy) phenoxy] propanoic acid butyl ester) also contains ethyl oleate, polyethylene dialky ester and ethoxylated nonylphenol (2.5 vol / vol%). Mix with adjuvant, and increasing concentrations of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg / ml taxolmin A (purified from ATCC strain 49003). The concentrations of 2- [4- (4-cyano-fluorophenoxy) phenoxy] propanoic acid butyl ester before dilution were 29.6% (2.38 lb / gallon) and 21.7% (2 lb / gallon), respectively. It is. The effect of these mixtures on the growth of moss, red stem, cyper and sprangle tops is sought in the greenhouse. Similarly, rice plants of cultivar M104 are grown and tested for phytotoxic effects and all plants are evaluated 7, 14, and 21 days after treatment. The results from a study at the 21-day evaluation time point using cihalohop formulated as Clincher CA are presented in Table 4 below.
In conclusion, Clincher CA (cyhalofop 29.6 wt%) was subjected half of the marking percentage of (6.5 oz / acre) has a good efficacy against gramineous weeds, the broadleaf not very good Inadequate for cyperaceae. The combination of Clincher CA (Cyhalohop) and Taxoxin A gives good control to all rice weeds tested in this study. When combined with Clincher, the effectiveness of taxolmin A against grass weeds is substantially improved. The combination of taxistamine A with Clincher CA did not cause phytotoxicity to rice at any tested concentration.

Example 8
Penoxsulam (2- (2,2-difluoroethoxy) -N- (5,8-dimethoxy [
1,2,4] triazolo [1,5c] pyrimidin-2-yl) -6-trifluoromethyl) benzenesulfonamide), ethyl oleate, polyethylene dialky ester and ethoxylated nonylphenol (2.5 vol / vol%) ) And increasing concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mg / ml taxolmin A (ATCC strain 49
(Purified from 003). 2- [4- (4-Cyano-fluorophenoxy) phenoxy] propanoic acid butyl ester or 2- (2,2-difluoroethoxy) -N- (5,8-dimethoxy [1,2,4] before dilution ] The concentrations of triazolo [1,5c] pyrimidin-2-yl) -6-trifluoromethyl) benzenesulfonamide were 29.6% (2.38 lb / gallon) and 21.7% (2 lb / gallon), respectively. ). The effect of these mixtures on the growth of moss, red stem, cyper and sprangle tops is sought in the greenhouse. Similarly, rice plants of cultivar M104 are grown and tested for phytotoxic effects and all plants are evaluated 7, 14, and 21 days after treatment.

Example 9
S. The strains of acidiscabies are cultured in oat bran broth for 5 days (25 ° C.,
200 rpm) grow. The whole cell culture medium containing taxistamine A was extracted using XAD resin, and the dry crude extract was 4% ethanol and 0.2% at a concentration of 10 mg / mL.
Resuspended in nonionic surfactant. Diluted extracts containing 0.2 and 0.4 mg of taxolmin A per mL were added to three weed species (red stem; Ammania sp
p. Cyperus diffuses and sprangles top:
Leptochloa uninervia). The other treatment is Sarmentin 2
. Combination treatments were included, including 5 and 5.0 mg / mL, and 0.2 mg tachystamine A and 2.5 mg salmentin per mL. Each treatment was performed in triplicate. Treated plants were kept in the greenhouse under 12 hours light / 12 hours dark conditions. The results from the evaluation performed 25 days after treatment are presented in Table 5.

Takistomin A exerted excellent control of Cyperaceae at the highest concentration of 0.4 mg / mL, but it was insufficient control for Gramineae weeds (Sprangltop). When combined with salmentin, the effectiveness against grass weeds is significantly improved. Efficacy against cyperaceae is also improved when a combination treatment is used, compared to a single application of taxistamine A alone at the corresponding concentration. In this study, the treatment of broad-leaved weeds (red stems) is insufficient for all treatments.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to particular embodiments, the details are not to be construed as limiting, and various equivalents, changes, and modifications may still be used. It is clear that it can be in range.

Various references are cited throughout this specification, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
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The present invention may include the following aspects.
[1]
A method for regulating germination and growth of monocotyledonous, dicotyledonous and cyperaceae weeds in a non-rice cereal growth system and / or turfgrass growth system and / or a timothy growth system and / or a grass growth system, comprising: Applying at least one herbicide to the weed or soil of the growth system,
The herbicidal agent is effective to regulate the growth of the weeds, but the non-rice cereal growth system non-rice cereal and / or turfgrass, grass and / or timothy growth turfgrass, grass and / or A method that is an amount of tachystmin that does not regulate timothy growth.
[2]
The method according to [1] above, wherein the cereal is at least one of wheat, rye wheat, barley, oats, rye, corn, sorghum, sugarcane, or millet.
[3]
The turfgrass is Festuka sp. Poa sp. Bromus sp. , Lolium sp. Agrostis sp. Zoysia sp. The method according to [3] above, selected from the group consisting of Cynodon sp.
[4]
Takistomin is composed of:

Wherein R ₁ is methyl or H, R ₂ is hydroxy or H, R ₃ is methyl or H, R ₄ is hydroxy or H, R ₅ is hydroxy or H, R ₆ is hydroxy or H, and combinations thereof. The method according to [1] above, comprising:
[5]
Weeds, Chenopodium album, Abutilon theophrasti, Helianthus annuus, Ambrosia artemesifolia, Amaranthus retroflexus, Convolvulus arvensis, Brassica kaber, Taraxacum officinale, Solanum nigrum, Malva neglect ,, Setaria lutescens, Bromus tectorum, Poa annua, Poa pratensis, Lolium perenne L. var. Pace, Festuca arundinaceae Schreb. var. Aztec II, Anthem II, LS1100, Echinochloa crus-galli. The method according to [1] above, which is selected from the group consisting of:
[6]
Ammania sp. Alisma plantago-aquatica, Cyperus sp. Leptochlo sp. A method for regulating the growth of monocotyledonous, dicotyledonous and cyperaceae weeds and aquatic weeds selected from the group consisting of: an amount of at least two herbicidal agents effective to regulate the growth of said weeds Is applied to the weed or soil, and the first herbicidal agent is tachystmin.
[7]
The method according to [6] above, wherein the monocotyledonous, dicotyledonous plant and cyperaceae weed are regulated in a cereal growth system.
[8]
The method according to [7] above, wherein the cereal growth system is a rice growth system.
[9]
The method according to [6] above, wherein the second herbicide is a chemical herbicide or a bioherbicide.
[10]
The second herbicidal agent is diflufenzopyr and its salt, dicamba and its salt, topramezone, tembotrione, S-metolachlor, atrazine, mesotrione, primisulfuron methyl, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, nicosulfuron, Fencerflon methyl, aslam, metribuzin, diclohop methyl, fluazifop, phenoxaprop-p-ethyl, asram, oxyfluorfen, rimsulfuron, mecoprop and quinclolac, thiobencarb, cromazone, cihalohop, propanyl, bensulfuron methyl, penoxsulam, triclopyr , Imazetapyr, halosulfuron methyl, pendimethalin, bispyribac sodium salt, carfentrazone ethyl, sodium bentazone / sodium salt Furuorufen a chemical herbicide selected from the group consisting of ortho sul Fam Ron, method of [6].
[11]
The second herbicidal agent consists of clove, cinnamon, lemongrass, citrus oil, orange peel oil, tentoxin, cornexistin, AAL toxin, manuka, salmentin, momilactone B, sorgoreon, asukalatoxin and asukalatoxin aglycone The method according to [6] above, which is a bioherbicide selected from the group.
[12]
The method according to [6] above, wherein the first and second herbicidal agents are applied by rotation.
[13]
The method according to [6] above, wherein the first and second herbicidal agents are applied together.
[14]
Germination or growth of monocotyledonous and / or dicotyledonous plants and / or cyperaceae weeds comprising at least one herbicide that is taxoxamine in non-rice cereal growth systems and / or turfgrass, pasture and / or timothy growth systems Used in the regulation of the aging.
[15]
A herbicidal composition comprising at least two herbicides, wherein the first herbicide is tachystomin and the second herbicide is a bioherbicide or a chemical herbicide.
[16]
The composition according to [15] above, wherein the composition further comprises an auxiliary agent, a nonionic surfactant and / or an organic solvent.
[17]
The composition according to [15] above, wherein the composition further comprises a nonionic surfactant and / or an aliphatic alcohol.
[18]
At least one in the formulation of herbicides for regulating monocotyledonous and / or dicotyledonous and / or cyperaceae weeds in non-rice cereal growth systems and / or in turfgrass and / or pasture and / or timothy growth systems Use of a herbicide, wherein at least one herbicide is tachystmin.

Claims (8)

  A method for regulating the emergence and / or growth of red stem or sprangle top weeds, effective between regulating the weed germination, between 0.1 and 0.4 mg / ml of tachystomin A And applying a composition comprising 1.45 mg / ml of cihalohop.   A method for regulating the emergence and / or growth of a mosquito weed comprising 0.1 mg / ml of tachystmin A and 1.45 mg / ml of cihalohop effective to regulate the emergence of said weeds Said method comprising the step of applying the composition.   A method for regulating the emergence and / or growth of cyperaceae weeds, comprising 0.4 mg / ml of tachystomin A and 1.45 mg / ml of cihalohop effective to regulate the emergence of said weeds Said method comprising the step of applying the composition.   The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the weeds are regulated in a cereal growth system.   The method according to claim 4, wherein the cereal growth system is a rice growth system.   6. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the taxostamine and cihalohop are applied together. Wherein the composition aids, further comprising a nonionic surfactant and / or an organic solvent, Process according to any one of claims 1-6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the composition further comprises a nonionic surfactant and / or an aliphatic alcohol.