KR101673582B1 - The producing method of natural fertilizer using rock phosphate and bacteria - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing natural fertilizer using phosphorus and microorganisms, and more particularly, to a method for producing natural fertilizer using phosphorus and microorganisms by fermenting anaerobic fermenting microorganisms which solubilize mineral powders composed of minerals containing phosphates containing a large amount of calcium phosphate, The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing natural fertilizer using phosphorus and microorganisms, which is configured to maximize the absorption rate of the remaining phosphoric acid in the soil by producing the natural fertilizer through the manufacturing process. A step of culturing a first microorganism (S300), a step of culturing a second microorganism (S400), and a step of culturing the microorganism in an anaerobic condition (step S100) A first fermentation step (S500) for fermentation for 10 to 10 days; a second fermentation step (S600) for aging for 3 to 7 days under aerobic conditions; a drying step (S700); And a control unit.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing natural fertilizer using natural phosphorus and microorganisms,

The present invention relates to a method for producing a natural fertilizer using phosphorus and microorganisms, and more particularly, to a method for producing a natural fertilizer using phosphorus and microorganisms, The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing natural fertilizer using phosphorus and microorganisms, which is constituted to maximize the absorption rate of phosphoric acid remaining in the soil by producing natural fertilizer through fermentation process using microorganisms.

Recently, due to various phenomena such as decrease of cultivated land due to environmental pollution and population increase, it is urgently required to increase the crop production. Therefore, the development of the latest mass cultivation facility and various chemical synthetic fertilizer However, the seriousness of the environmental side effect is growing. In particular, excessive use of chemical fertilizer causes excessive accumulation of phosphoric acid in the soil, resulting in damage to the plant growth. This is because 75 ~ 85% of the phosphoric acid contained in the fertilizer is adhered to the soil to form insoluble phosphate Which is a phenomenon caused by accumulation in soil.

Accordingly, many methods for solubilizing insoluble phosphate in plants have been proposed to solve the above problems. Among them, a typical method is to cultivate a useful microorganism strain in the rhizosphere of a plant in the soil and propagate the microorganism to decompose the insoluble phosphate into phosphate ion. The useful microorganisms are divided into various classes depending on their usage and mechanism as shown in Table 1 below.

Usage Mechanism Related microorganism
Nutrient supply Phosphoric acid solubilization
(Secretion of organic acid) Bacillus
Aspergillus Nitrogen fixation
(Nitrogen fixation enzyme) Rhizobium
Azospirillum Complex formation
(Sideropoea, etc.) Pseudomonas
Promoting root vitality
Hormone Secretion (IAA, GA)
The enzyme secretion (ACC deaminase) Pseudomonas
Bacillus
Aeromonas
Agrobacterium
Soil improvement
Deactivate heavy metals
Soil incorporation Bacillus
Trichoderma
Azotobacter
Rhizobium
Material cycle
Disassembly and synthesis of oil and minerals
Decomposable chemical decomposition Lactobacillus
Streptomyces
Bacillus
Pseudomonas

On the other hand, in Patent Publication No. 10-2002-0078452, it is known that the reccsia aadecarboxylate KSJ8 solubilizing insoluble phosphate is used as an insoluble phosphate in the soil, such as calcium triphosphate, hydroxyapatite, phosphate or phytate, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > soluble phosphate ions. ≪ / RTI > However, a highly regulated chemical treatment process is required to cultivate the strain to insolubilize the insoluble phosphate, and the phosphate fertilizer application process and the strain inoculation process are separately separated, so that the cultivation process of the crop is troublesome The productivity is lowered and labor costs are relatively increased.

In addition, the fermentation of the fertilizer by the microorganism can be classified into aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation depending on the nature of the microorganism. The aerobic fermentation has an advantage that it can ferment in a short time by supplying oxygen to the microorganism. However, The anaerobic fermentation has a disadvantage in that it takes a long time for fermentation because it blocks oxygen, but it has an advantage that nutrition loss can be minimized. Conventional fertilizer manufacturing methods are classified into two types depending on the nature of the microorganism used: aerobic or anaerobic There is a limitation in selecting a microorganism to be used by carrying out the fermentation process, and there is a problem in that the advantages or disadvantages of each method of aerobic or anaerobic can not be complemented.

For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2001-0002684 discloses a method of pretreating a sample pretreated with phosphoric acid ions of different types of phosphate, And a method for producing a polymerized calcium phosphate fertilizer containing a natural polymerized apatite powder containing calcium phosphate as an active ingredient have been known. Although microorganisms which dissolve insoluble phosphate are added to fertilizers to increase the utilization rate of phosphate, the fermentation process proceeds only through an aerobic fermentation process, which causes nutrition loss during the fermentation process as described above. In addition, in terms of the absorption of plants, it has a long-lasting effect due to its long-lasting effect because it is soluble in organic acids secreted from plants, but it also has a problem of inefficiency due to the nature of agriculture which takes 3 to 9 months.

Patent Document No. 10-2002-0078452 A novel strain, which solubilizes insoluble phosphate in the soil, is known as Leclercia adecarboxylic acid. Patent Document No. 10-2001-0002684 METHOD AND METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF CALCIUM POLYMERIC PRIMER FERTILIZER COMPRISING CALCIUM POINTS.

Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem [8] Accordingly, the present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to dissolve a mineral powder composed of minerals containing phosphorus, which is formed to be dissolved in citric acid, Phosphoric acid and phosphoric acid, which can dissolve the insoluble phosphate remaining in the existing soil, as well as solubilization of the phosphate present in the phosphate fertilizer, by producing the natural fertilizer through the fermentation process using the useful microorganism used for conversion into phosphoric acid To provide a method for producing a natural fertilizer using the same.

In addition, in order to maximize the characteristics of each microorganism used in the fermentation step, a multistage production method comprising the cultivation of microorganisms and the anaerobic and aerobic conditions during the fermentation of the fertilizer composition is constituted, It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a high-quality fertilizer that minimizes circular degradation and imparts the innate functions induced by each microorganism to the fertilizer, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of crop growth.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a natural fertilizer using phosphorus and microorganisms,

52 to 55% by weight of at least two minerals selected from among germanium, bentonite, vermiculite, elvan, cryptomeric stone, boulder, loam, peat and vermiculite are crushed to a particle size of 100 to 200 mesh, (S100) for obtaining a mineral powder by spraying water for a few minutes to sterilize germs to obtain a mineral powder, and mixing at least two kinds of organic materials selected from rice bran, tofu, bone meal, A step S200 of forming an organic powder by pulverizing the mixture into a mesh, spraying steam at 150 DEG C or higher for a few minutes to sterilize the germs to obtain an organic powder, and a step (S200) of mixing the organic powder with at least one microorganism selected from Bacillus, Lactobacillus and Rhodochondomain (S300) in which the microorganism is cultivated for 5 to 7 days under anaerobic conditions at 30 to 35 DEG C after adding the microorganism in a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 1.5, stirring the microorganism, and cultivating at least one microorganism selected from Aspergillus and Pseudomonas A second microorganism culturing step (S400) of culturing the organism powder at a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 1.5, stirring the organism powder at an aerobic condition of 45 to 50 DEG C for 3 to 5 days (S400), and a mineral powder of 85.5 to 89.5 (S500) wherein the fertilizer composition is formed by stirring 10 to 14% by weight of an organic substance powder, 0.2 to 0.5% by weight of a first microorganism, and aging for 5 to 10 days under anaerobic conditions at 30 & A second fermentation step (S600) in which 0.2 to 0.5% by weight of a second microorganism is added to the primary fermented fertilizer composition and agitated and aged for 3 to 7 days under an aerobic condition at 45 DEG C (S600); and 2 The fermented fertilizer composition was rapidly frozen in a vacuum state at -30 ° C to -60 ° C for 30 to 60 minutes and then heated to 5 to 10 ° C until reaching 15 to 25 ° C to dry to a water content of 25% (S700); and packaging the dried fertilizer by wrapping the dried fertilizer in a wrapping paper of polypropylene (S800).

In addition, in the step of forming the organic material powder (S200), a step of blowing hot air of 35 to 40 DEG C to the organic material powder to form a moisture content of 30 to 40 wt% is performed. In the first microorganism culturing step S300 ) And a second microorganism culturing step (S400), the cultured first microorganism and the second microorganism are dried for 1 to 2 days, wherein the hot air at 30 to 45 ° C and the hot air at 15 to 20 ° C are alternately And blowing to form a water content of 35 to 45% by weight.

According to the present invention having the above-described constitution, not only the solubility of phosphoric acid in the fertilizer itself is enhanced but also the insoluble phosphate in the cultivated soil is converted into free phosphoric acid to maximize the phosphorus utilization rate of the crop to reduce the consumption of fertilizer, Is improved.

In addition, a multistage production method comprising aerobic and anaerobic conditions for the cultivation and fermentation of useful microorganisms is provided. Minimal destruction of nutrients and minimization of raw material decomposition during fermentation, and a pure function induced by each microorganism is given to the fertilizer It is effective to produce high quality fertilizer that greatly improves the growth efficiency of crops compared to conventional fertilizers. In addition to phosphates which are the main mineral, minerals such as germanium, elvan, and peat are mixed to absorb heavy metals in the soil and improve the water holding capacity and drainage It is possible to expect an additional effect of soil improvement.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a method for producing a natural fertilizer using phosphorus and microorganisms according to the present invention; FIG.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description is given as an example for illustrating the principle of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments but can be implemented in various different forms. And throughout the specification, like reference numerals designate like elements.

1 is a flow chart showing a method for producing natural fertilizer using phosphorus and microorganisms according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, a method for manufacturing a natural fertilizer using phosphorus and microorganisms according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a mineral powder forming step S100, an organic powder forming step S200, a first microorganism culturing step S300 , A second microorganism cultivation step (S400), a first fermentation step (S500), a second fermentation step (S600), a drying step (S700) and a packaging step (S800).

The mineral powder forming step S100 is a step of forming a mineral powder by mixing 45 to 48 wt% of phosphates and 52 to 55 wt% of at least two minerals selected from germanium, bentonite, vermiculite, elvan, Crushing with a mesh, and spraying steam at a temperature of 150 ° C or higher for a few minutes to sterilize the germs to obtain a mineral powder.

Rock phosphate is an ore containing a large amount of calcium phosphate, and it is a typical material, and it is a main raw material of phosphoric acid fertilizer such as apatite, phosphorus soil and guano.

The phosphorus is used in the composition of fertilizer by the principle that phosphoric acid and a natural compound composed mainly of nitrogen (N), calcium oxide (CaO) and magnesium oxide (MgO) are dissolved in 2% citric acid. It is an object of the present invention to improve the utilization rate of phosphoric acid in the soil by increasing the usability and introducing the soil microorganism into the fertilizer composition in order to decompose the insoluble phosphate accumulated in the soil.

Phosphoric acid contained in phosphorus is dissolved in citric acid and converted into free phosphoric acid. The citric acid is generated by black mold (Aspergillus niger) and used for decomposition of phosphoric acid. Among the constituents of phosphorus, calcium and phosphorus are the main constituents. Depending on the ratio of calcium and phosphorus, the water solubility, usability and insolubility of the phosphoric acid fertilizer formed from the phosphate are determined. As a result, the amount of phosphorus is lower than that of calcium, so that the sustainability of the fertilizer is increased and the absorption rate of the phosphoric acid is increased and the value of the fertilizer is increased.

On the other hand, germanium, bentonite, vermiculite, quartzite, cryptomeric stone, boulder, peat, peat, and vermiculite are presented as minerals constituting the phosphorus as a main component. These are minerals mainly composed of silicon dioxide (SiO 2) and aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3) And is responsible for adsorbing and decomposing the moisture of the fertilizer and the organic matter together with the supply of oxygen and supplying it to the plant. The germanium is divided into inorganic germanium which is toxic to human body and organic germanium which promotes the immune action of the human body and carries out anticancer action. Organic germanium is produced through fermentation by microorganisms or yeasts or is contained in various kinds of plants. In the present invention, organic germanium is extracted from germanium minerals through fermentation using useful microorganisms. It is well known that germanium, elvan, cryptomeric, boulder, and loess have the function of neutralizing the soil with acidified soil to purify the soil. Bentonite is highly ion-exchangeable and absorbs heavy metals in the soil to improve soil quality. Peat moss, reeds and other plant organisms that grow in swamps repeat thousands of years of deposition, , Which is an accumulation of only organic matter, can be used as a natural organic soil improving agent for improving the water holding capacity, the maneuvering power and drainage ability of the soil, and improving the soil quality.

In the mineral powder forming step (S100), when phosphorus is contained in a small amount, the phosphoric acid supply may be insufficient for a single fertilization crop, and in a case of containing a large amount of phosphoric acid, balanced absorption of nutrients may be impossible It is preferable to make 45 to 48 wt% of the total mineral powder as described above. In addition, two or more of the minerals listed above are selected and incorporated in a proportion of 52 to 55% by weight in view of the nutrient composition of the soil.

Also, when the particle size of the mineral powder is less than 100 mesh at the time of milling, air may permeate into the space between the mineral powders, which may interfere with constructing the anaerobic condition in the first fermentation step (S500) described later. On the other hand, when the particle size of the mineral powder is more than 200 mesh, the contact with the microorganism is increased and the fermentation is promoted. However, when the fertilizer is fertilized on the cultivated land, the permeability of the fertilizer is significantly decreased to inhibit the respiration of the soil and adversely affect crop growth .

In addition, in order to maximize the fermentation efficiency, it is preferable that a sterilization process of spraying high-temperature steam for several minutes is performed so as to remove various kinds of germs remaining in the mineral powder.

The organic material powder forming step S200 may be performed by mixing at least two kinds of organic materials selected from rice bran, tofu powder, bone meal, silkworm, and fish hull at the same weight ratio, pulverizing the mixture into 80 to 120 mesh, And obtaining an organic material powder.

The rice bran, buckwheat flour, bone meal, silkworm, and fish hulls are composed of organic materials that supply nutrients when cultivating and fermenting microorganisms. Rice bran is a representative organic material for increasing herbicidal effect, preventing insect pests, preventing acidification of soil, As a result of the fermentation of rice bran, photosynthetic bacteria propagate to promote the carbon assimilation of plants. Tofu is a residue that is produced during the production of tofu or soybean milk. It is rich in nutrients such as protein and fiber. It has high starch and protein content and is used not only as a livestock feed but also as a fertilizer because it has a high organic and nitrogen content and contains phosphoric and potassium components. The bone fractions contain nitrogen, phosphoric acid and calcium. They prevent the accumulation of salts in the soil and correct the acidification of the soil. The types are divided into calcined bone, bone and bone fractions. In this invention, the phosphorus content is the highest and only pure bone is separated And dried and pulverized. Fish is a kind of animal organic fertilizer. It is made by compressing, drying and crushing the fish residue after mixing, which contains nitrogen and phosphoric acid.

Meanwhile, in the organic material powder forming step (S200), a step of blowing a hot air of 35 to 40 DEG C to the organic material powder to form a moisture content of 30 to 40% by weight. Controlling the water content of the organic powder is to prevent side effects such as over fermentation or decay of the organic material in the fermentation stage.

In the first microorganism culturing step (S300), the organic material powder is added to at least one microorganism selected from Bacillus, Lactobacillus, and Rhodochondomonium at a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 1.5, and the mixture is stirred at 30 to 35 ° C under anaerobic conditions. For 7 days.

The Bacillus and Lactobacillus are microaerobic or coarse anaerobic microorganisms that can grow in an oxygen-free environment. They secrete organic acids from the rhizosphere of the plant or secrete specific enzymes to convert the insoluble phosphate in the soil into free phosphate ), Which is a phosphate-solubilizing microorganism. Rhodopseudomonas sp. Is also known as a photosynthetic bacterium as a tuberous anaerobic microorganism. Photosynthetic bacteria need to supply light when cultivating. The culture rate varies greatly depending on the kind of light. Particularly, when light such as incandescent lamp in a laboratory space is used without using incubator for incubation, temperature control is difficult, You need to be careful.

Therefore, in the first fermentation step (S500), which will be described later, the first microorganism cultivated through this step is used to minimize the energy loss of nitrogen and organic matter, anaerobic degradation of nutrients, And the improvement effect and the crop growth efficiency are improved.

In the second microorganism culturing step (S400), the organic material powder is added to at least one microorganism selected from Aspergillus and Pseudomonas at a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 1.5, and the mixture is stirred. It is a step for culturing for a day.

Aspergillus sp. Is an aerobic microorganism that produces citric acid when cultured. Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas sp.) Is an aerobic microorganism that promotes root growth activity by acting on the cell division at the root tip of the crop, especially the root length and root community formation.

Therefore, in the second fermentation step (S600), which will be described later, the second microorganism cultured in this step is used to provide the fertilizer with the pure function induced by the microorganisms upon fermentation of aerobic conditions, but overcomes the disadvantages of anaerobic fermentation The fermentation proceeds in a shorter time, so that it is possible to eliminate side effects such as corruption and fermentation due to long-term fermentation.

Meanwhile, in the first microorganism culturing step (S300) and the second microorganism culturing step (S400), the cultured first microorganism and the second microorganism are dried for 1 to 2 days. And alternately blowing a hot air of 15 to 20 占 폚 so as to have a water content of 35 to 45% by weight. The drying temperature was designed to prevent the destruction of the anaerobic beneficial microorganisms and to prevent the loss of effective microorganisms due to the hot air drying as the optimum temperature for delaying the fermentation. In addition, when Trehalose is added at a concentration of 0.01M or more at the time of drying, it is possible to preserve the survival rate and bioactivity of microorganisms.

In the first fermentation step (S500), a fertilizer composition is formed by stirring 85.5 to 89.5% by weight of mineral powder, 10 to 14% by weight of organic powder and 0.2 to 0.5% by weight of first microorganism, For 5 to 10 days.

If the content of the organic substance powder is excessively high as compared with the microorganism, fermentation may be hindered by the organic substance and it is difficult to control the pH during fermentation, so that it is preferable to follow the weight range described above. Also, this step is constituted by anaerobic fermentation and is fermented while maintaining a vacuum state in the fermentation tank and is configured to minimize nutrient loss. The fermentation temperature is the most suitable temperature for anaerobic fermentation, and the loss of nutrients is minimized, so that the nutrients including phosphoric acid contained in the final fertilizer composition are maintained. Fermentation varies depending on the kind of the bacteria, And the concentration of the cells reached the peak.

In addition, it is preferable that milk to be used as a microbial protective agent is added into the stirrer during mixing so as to minimize the range of destruction of the fermenting microorganisms due to heat generated by friction between the stirrer and the mixture in the stirring process. In addition to milk, glycerol, Oil may be used.

In the second fermentation step (S600), 0.2 to 0.5% by weight of a second microorganism is added to the first fermented fertilizer composition, followed by aging for 3 to 7 days under an aerobic condition at 45 ° C. Through this fermentation step, the second microorganism forms an organic acid, in which citric acid has a mechanism of decomposing phosphate which is insoluble in the soil into free phosphoric acid.

The composition is constituted such that the phosphoric acid solubilization component and the soil improving component are uniformly diffused throughout the fertilizer composition through the organic bonding of the respective raw materials through the first fermentation step (S500) and the second fermentation step (S600) Since germanium is in the form of inorganic germanium in the powder, it is transformed into organic germanium Ge-132 through the fermentation process with useful microorganisms because it has toxic and harmful elements in the human body and plays a role of promoting the growth of the plant. Phosphorus also undergoes bioacidification and fermentation, and the solubilization of phosphoric acid begins to increase.

In the drying step (S700), the secondary fermented fertilizer composition is rapidly frozen in a vacuum state at -30 ° C to -60 ° C for 30 to 60 minutes and then heated to 5 to 10 ° C until reaching 15 to 25 ° C And drying it so that the water content becomes 25% by weight. The water content of the fermentation mixture is made to be 20% or less so that the speed at which the fermentation proceeds continuously is delayed so that the fermentation mixture can be used at the time when it is fertilized to the cultivated land.

Fermentation of the fermentation mixture is temporarily stopped due to rapid freezing. The fermentation microorganism may be deformed at a temperature lower than -60 ° C, and fermentation may proceed at a temperature higher than -30 ° C. . In addition, the temperature of 15 ~ 25 ℃, which is the final temperature of warming, can prevent the growth of microorganisms and prevent the damage of organic nutrients. In addition, when Trehalose is added at a concentration of 0.01M or more at the time of drying, it is possible to preserve the survival rate and bioactivity of microorganisms.

Finally, the packaging step S800 is a step of packing the dried fertilizer into a polypropylene wrapping paper and vacuum-packing it. The outer material is double-wrapped with acrylic or PVC material that can be shielded from ultraviolet rays and direct sunlight, so that the nutrients in the fertilizer are not damaged or deformed.

Hereinafter, examples 1 to 2 including the present invention having the above-described constitution are applied to the cultivation of actual crops, whereby a comparative analysis of the growth and development with general chemical fertilizer and phosphoric acid fertilizer, We will also look closely at the effects of the various configurations.

Example 1 compares the growth of crops with the use of fertilizers and other fertilizers according to the present invention. The cultivated environment was constructed by cultivating 30 acres of Chinese cabbage on cultivated area of 10㎡ each.

The preparation of the fertilizer of the present invention was carried out according to the above-mentioned preparation method, and the experimental composition was prepared as shown in Table 2 below. The control 1, which is a general chemical fertilizer, and the control 2, which is an excretory phosphate fertilizer, The seedlings of Chinese cabbage were sowed after fertilization with 0.09㎏ / ㎡ for the basal layer and mixed thoroughly with the soil, and the cabbage cultivation was started by the method of preparing the cabbage according to the date of cultivation.

The specific composition ratio of the raw material according to the production method of the experimental group (present invention) Raw material Composition ratio (unit:% by weight) Phosphorus stones 45 germanium 14.5 ocher 14.5 peat 14.5 Rice bran 2.8 Tofu 2.8 Bone fragments 2.8 Fish 2.8 The first microorganism (Bacillus, Rhodopseudomonas) 0.3
The second microorganism (Aspergillus, Pseudomonas)

Table 3 below shows chemical composition ratios of experimental group and control 1 and control 2 of the present invention.

Chemical composition ratio of each fertilizer (unit:%) ingredient Experimental Section
(Invention) Control 1
(Chemical fertilizer) Control 2
(Phosphate fertilizer) Calcium (CaO) 37.9 25.8 34.5 Phosphoric acid (P ₂ O ₅ ) 15.2 18.7 22.6 Nitrogen (N) 12.6 4.7 Magnesium (MgO) 5.6 2.6 Fluorine (F ₂ ) - Harmful 2.5 1.34

The cultivation period of the Chinese cabbage took about 70 days. The growth results of each Chinese cabbage are shown in Table 4 below. As shown in Table 4, the weight, leaf number, leaf width, and width of the Chinese cabbage were significantly higher than those of the control 1 and slightly higher than those of the control phosphate 2 fertilizer 2. Especially, the weight of the Chinese cabbage produced per unit cultivation area was higher than that of control 1 and control 2, which was 122 in experimental group. Therefore, it can be recognized that the productivity increase is significant.

Comparison of Growth and Development of Chinese Cabbage According to Each Fertilizer division Experimental Section
(Invention) Control 1
(Chemical fertilizer) Control 2
(Phosphate fertilizer) Weight (g) 1880 1350 1550 Leaves 25.6 17.0 22.0 Leaf length (cm) 36.1 26.5 35.4 Leaf width (cm) 24.9 18.6 23.4 Gore (cm) 26.1 20.2 26.7 Width (cm) 17.1 11.4 13.5 Quantity (kg / ㎡) 5.35 4.39 4.66 Quantity index 122 100 106

In Example 2, in the method for producing a fertilizer according to the present invention, in the first fermentation step (S500) of anaerobic condition using Bacillus and Rhodochondomas as the first microorganism and Aspergillus and Pseudomonas as the second microorganism in Example 1, ) And the second fermentation step (S600) of the aerobic condition were carried out. In contrast to the second fermentation step (S600) of the aerobic condition, Example 2, in which only the first fermentation step (S500) of anaerobic condition was performed using Bacillus and Rhodochondomas, . The culture conditions of the microorganisms and the composition of the remaining raw materials were the same.

The results of the comparison between the growth of the fertilizer prepared in Example 2 and the fertilizer prepared in Example 1 are shown in Table 5 below.

division Example 1
(The first fermentation step + the second fermentation step) Example 2
(The first fermentation step) Weight (g) 1880 1650 Leaves 25.6 21.6 Leaf length (cm) 36.1 31.7 Leaf width (cm) 24.9 23.4 Gore (cm) 26.1 25.2 Width (cm) 17.1 14.8 Quantity (kg / ㎡) 5.35 4.85 Quantity index 110 100

It is known that aspergillus is used as a strain to produce citric acid which shows a mechanism of solubilization of poorly soluble phosphate and Pseudomonas secretes hormones and enzymes to enhance the vitality of crop roots. It is an aerobic microorganism with high culture rate under the condition. Therefore, it can be seen that the overall growth of the crop including rhizosphere is improved as compared with Example 2 in which the fermentation step is performed under the anaerobic condition and the aerobic condition, compared with the fermentation step in the anaerobic condition. However, in order to apply the advantages of aerobic microorganisms such as Aspergillus or Pseudomonas to the fermentation stage, aerobic fermentation is appropriately carried out in combination with anaerobic fermentation Which makes it possible to produce more effective fertilizer for the growth of crops.

In Example 3, the influence of photosynthetic bacteria on the photosynthesis of crops using Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, a photosynthetic bacterium used in the method of producing the fertilizer according to the present invention, is examined.

Rhodopseudomonas sprooids is a beneficial microorganism of tuberous anaerobics, which promotes carbon assimilation and thus improves the photosynthesis of cultivated crops. In order to obtain photosynthetic bacteria, the soil was collected from aquatic anaerobic layer such as river, rice, wetland suitable for organic matter to be corroded, diluted with sterilized physiological saline, incubated at 30 ° C with incandescent lamp at 200W for 60 hours , 0.5 ml was added to the PDA medium, and the mixture was cultured for 10 days to separate Rhodochondomonas sp. Organic rice bran at a weight ratio of 1: 1.5 was added to the separated Rhodopseudomonas sp. And the photosynthetic bacteria were further grown at a temperature of 30 ° C for 5 days.

The cultivation method and other conditions of the crops were the same as those of Example 1 except that the concentration of the culture medium of the photosynthetic bacteria was set to 2%, 10%, 20%, and 50%, respectively, Table 6 shows the results of comparing the nutrients contained in the crops according to the content of photosynthetic bacteria.

ingredient Experiment 1
(2%) Experiment 2
(10%) Experiment 3
(20%) Experiment 4
(50%) Crude protein 58.7 59.2 61.5 57.7 Crude fiber 2.6 2.5 3.1 2.8 Crude ash 5.4 5.3 5.2 4.9 Crude fat 7.4 7.7 7.2 7.4

In Experiment Nos. 1 to 4, the crude protein and crude fiber contents were highest in Experiment 3 where the concentration of photosynthetic bacteria was 20%. In addition, it was found that the content of nutrients in the concentration of 50% of the culture medium was lower than that of the other experimental groups. The concentration of the photosynthetic bacteria in the culture medium was about 20%.

It can be seen from the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 3 that the natural fertilizer according to the present invention has a significant degree of improvement in the growth of plants when compared with conventional phosphoric acid fertilizers and chemical fertilizers, In addition, the first and second fermentation steps (S500 and S600), which are composed of anaerobic and aerobic conditions, are carried out in accordance with the characteristics of the respective microorganisms, so that not only the microorganisms capable of solubilizing phosphoric acid but also the photosynthetic bacteria and roots The quality of the nutrients contained in the fertilized crops was also improved to a significant level by producing high quality fertilizer by increasing the fermentation effect through proper cultivation of the microorganisms that activate the growth of the plants.

Therefore, it has been confirmed that the method of producing natural fertilizer using phosphorus and microorganisms according to the present invention has an effect in terms of productivity of crops and preservation of soil environment.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, It should be clarified. Therefore, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

S100: mineral powder formation step
S200: Organic powder formation step
S300: First microorganism culturing step
S400: Second microorganism culturing step
S500: First fermentation step
S600: Second fermentation step
S700: drying step
S800: Packaging step

Claims (3)

delete delete 52 to 55% by weight of at least two minerals selected from among germanium, bentonite, vermiculite, elvan, cryptomeric stone, boulder, loam, peat and vermiculite are crushed to a particle size of 100 to 200 mesh, A mineral powder forming step (S100) of spraying water for a few minutes to sterilize germs to obtain a mineral powder;
An organic material obtained by mixing at least two kinds of organic materials selected from among rice bran, rice bran, bone meal, bone meal, and sesame seeds at an equal weight ratio, pulverizing the mixture to a particle size of 80 to 120 mesh, A powder forming step S200,
A first microorganism culturing step in which the organic powder is added to at least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of Bacillus, Lactobacillus, and Rhodochondomain at a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 1.5, stirred, and incubated at 30 to 35 ° C under anaerobic conditions for 5 to 7 days (S300)
Aspergillus, and pseudomonas at a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 1.5, stirring the mixture at a weight ratio of 45 to 50 DEG C for 3 to 5 days, and culturing the microorganism in a second microorganism culturing step S400 );Wow,
Wherein a fertilizer composition is formed by agitating 85.5 to 89.5% by weight of the mineral powder, 10 to 14% by weight of an organic powder and 0.2 to 0.5% by weight of a first microorganism and then aging for 5 to 10 days under anaerobic condition at 30 ° C. A fermentation step S500,
A second fermentation step (S600) in which 0.2 to 0.5% by weight of a second microorganism is added to the primary fermented fertilizer composition, stirred, and aged for 3 to 7 days under an aerobic condition at 45 DEG C;
The secondary fermented fertilizer composition was rapidly frozen in a vacuum state at -30 캜 to -60 캜 for 30 to 60 minutes and then heated in a unit of 5 to 10 캜 until the temperature reached 15 to 25 캜 to obtain a water content of 25% (S700); and a drying step
(S800) for packing the dried fertilizer in a polypropylene wrapping paper and vacuum-packing the dried fertilizer,
In the organic material powder forming step (S200), 0.01 M of trehalose is added while blowing a hot air of 35 to 40 ° C to the organic material powder so as to form a water content of 30 to 40% by weight,
Wherein the first microorganism and the second microorganism are cultured for 1 to 2 days in the first microorganism culture step (S300) and the second microorganism culture step (S400) And a step of blowing an alternating hot wind at 20 ° C alternately so as to form a water content of 35 to 45 wt% while adding 0.01 M of trehalose to the natural fertilizer.

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