KR101578641B1

KR101578641B1 - Apparatus for burning solid fuel and combustion method using thereof

Info

Publication number: KR101578641B1
Application number: KR1020150151032A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 김용복
Original assignee: 김용복
Priority date: 2015-10-29
Filing date: 2015-10-29
Publication date: 2015-12-17

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solid fuel burning device for burning solid fuel and to a combustion method using the same. The solid fuel burning device comprises: a combustion chamber connected to a motor to rotate and burning solid fuel; a solid fuel supply hole for supplying the solid fuel burned in the combustion chamber; a transfer means arranged near to the fuel supply hole and transferring the supplied solid fuel to the combustion chamber; an air path connected to an air blower to inject air into the combustion chamber; an oil supply means for supplying oil into the combustion chamber; and an ignition means arranged near to the combustion chamber to ignite oil. The combustion chamber includes: a first combustion chamber formed in a cylindrical shape and having a rear end part opened; a second combustion chamber formed in the shape of a cylinder enveloping the outside of the first combustion chamber and having a fore-end part opened; and a third combustion chamber formed in the shape of a cylinder enveloping the outside of the second combustion chamber and having a rear-end part opened. The solid fuel supplied to the first combustion chamber is vaporized in the first combustion chamber, goes through the rear end part of the first combustion chamber, and can be discharged via a first path, which is formed by the outer wall of the first combustion chamber and the inner wall of the second combustion chamber, and through a second path, which is formed by the outer wall of the second combustion chamber and the inner wall of the third combustion chamber. According to the configuration, provided can be a solid fuel burning device and a combustion method using the same, wherein the discharge of air pollutants is reduced by completely burning solid fuel, combustion efficiency is increased by reducing combustion time and energy necessary for combustion can be reduced.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solid fuel combustion apparatus and a combustion method using the same,

The present invention relates to a solid fuel combustion apparatus for burning a solid fuel and a combustion method using the same.

In recent years, an alternative system capable of replacing a boiler system using oil has been attracting attention. In fact, various energy systems using solid fuel, solar energy, and wind power have been developed and commercialized.

Particularly, a boiler system for obtaining heat energy by burning Refuse Plastic Fuel (RPF), Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) and wood chip, which are solid fuels produced by recycling municipal waste, is attracting attention. These solid fuels are solid, have high density, have convenience such as coke, pulverized coal, and have excellent storage characteristics.

RPF is a fuel product group that conforms to the product quality standard notified by the Ministry of Environment among solid fuel products produced by selecting, crushing, crushing and molding flammable industrial wastes (PE, PP, PS, etc.) It is very useful in terms of reducing energy consumption and utilizing it as a new energy source. RDF is a solid fuel made from flammable municipal solid waste. Paper, plastic, wood, fiber, etc., except for non-combustible materials, are used as raw materials for RDF.

However, since the fuel contains a large amount of various wastes, especially synthetic resin materials, there is a disadvantage that the exhaust of air pollutants such as dioxins is inconvenient when incomplete combustion occurs.

The conventional solid fuel combustion apparatus has a problem that the complete combustion is not performed in the combustion chamber or a large amount of energy is required for complete combustion and the combustion efficiency is low. Further, the conventional solid fuel combustion apparatus has a problem in that it takes much time and energy to raise the combustion temperature to a desired combustion temperature in the combustion chamber.

Therefore, it is urgently required to develop a combustion apparatus having a low combustion efficiency and a low emission of atmospheric pollutants by completely burning using such a solid fuel.

Korean Patent Application No. 10-2009-0036061

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a solid fuel combustion apparatus capable of reducing the discharge of air pollutants and shortening the combustion time by completely burning the solid fuel, There is a purpose in.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solid fuel combustion apparatus comprising: a combustion chamber connected to a motor and rotating to generate solid fuel; A fuel supply port for supplying solid fuel burned in the combustion chamber; Conveying means disposed adjacent to the fuel supply port for conveying the supplied solid fuel to the combustion chamber; An air passage connected to the blower to inject air into the combustion chamber; Oil supply means for supplying oil into the combustion chamber; Ignition means disposed adjacent to the combustion chamber for igniting the oil; Wherein the combustion chamber includes: a first combustion chamber formed in a cylindrical shape and having a rear end opened; A second combustion chamber formed in a cylindrical shape surrounding an outer side of the first combustion chamber and having a front end opened; A third combustion chamber formed into a cylindrical shape surrounding the outside of the second combustion chamber and having a rear end opened; Wherein the solid fuel supplied to the first combustion chamber is vaporized in the first combustion chamber and passes through a rear end portion of the first combustion chamber, and the solid fuel is supplied to the first combustion chamber through an outer wall of the first combustion chamber and an inner wall of the second combustion chamber, Through the passage, a second passage formed by the outer wall of the second combustion chamber and the inner wall of the third combustion chamber.

The first combustion chamber may have a first space communicating with the air passage and capable of receiving air between the inner wall and the outer wall of the first combustion chamber and the outer wall of the first combustion chamber has a plurality of first air openings So that air can be supplied to the first passage through the first air opening.

The third combustion chamber has a second space communicating with the air passage and capable of receiving air between the inner wall and the outer wall of the third combustion chamber, and the inner wall of the third combustion chamber has a plurality of second air openings So that air can be supplied to the second passage through the second air opening.

Further, the conveying means is a conveying screw which is divided into a cylinder, the air passage is formed in a cylindrical shape surrounding the conveying means, a plurality of auxiliary openings are formed on the outer wall of the rear end of the air passage, The discharged air can be introduced into the first space through the partitioned auxiliary space.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell system including: a first combustion chamber formed in a cylindrical shape and having a rear end opened; a second combustion chamber formed in a cylindrical shape surrounding the first combustion chamber and having a front end opened; And a combustion chamber having a cylindrical shape surrounding the outside of the second combustion chamber and having a third combustion chamber having a rear end opened,

i) supplying oil and air to the first combustion chamber;

ii) igniting the oil by the ignition means to preheat the combustion chamber for a predetermined period of time;

iii) supplying the solid fuel transferred by the transferring means to the first combustion chamber and vaporizing the solid fuel;

iv) the vaporized solid fuel gas passes through the rear end of the first combustion chamber, passes through the first passage formed by the outer wall of the first combustion chamber and the inner wall of the second combustion chamber, and the outer wall of the second combustion chamber, Through a second passageway defined by the inner wall of the first passageway;

Supplying the air contained in the first space formed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the first combustion chamber to the first passage through the first air opening formed in the outer wall of the first combustion chamber in the step iv)

.

According to the present invention, there is provided a solid fuel combustion apparatus capable of reducing the discharge of atmospheric pollutants by completely burning a solid fuel, shortening the combustion time and improving the combustion efficiency, and reducing energy required for combustion, and a combustion method using the same .

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a solid fuel combustion device and a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the solid fuel combustion device is moved to the outside of the heat exchanger in FIG.
3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a solid fuel combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a view showing in detail the main configuration of the solid fuel combustion apparatus of FIG. 3; FIG.
5 is a plan view showing the solid fuel combustion apparatus of Fig.
6 is a left side view of the solid fuel combustion apparatus of FIG.
7 is a perspective view showing an auxiliary member in the solid fuel combustion apparatus of FIG.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote like elements throughout the drawings.

A solid fuel combustion apparatus (100) according to an embodiment of the present invention is an apparatus that burns solid fuel to obtain heat energy. The obtained thermal energy can be used for various purposes such as warming water to generate hot water or generating steam to be used for electricity production. Refuse plastic fuel (RPF), which is waste plastic processed fuel, and Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF), which is a fuel made by selecting combustible materials only from municipal waste, can be used as solid fuel.

The solid fuel combustion apparatus 100 includes a combustion chamber 110, a fuel supply port 120, a transfer means 130, an air passage 140, an oil supply means 150, an ignition means 160, and the like.

The combustion chamber 110 is connected to the motor 101 and the speed reducer to rotate at a predetermined speed, where combustion of the solid fuel occurs. The combustion chamber 140 may be formed of a metal.

The fuel supply port 120 is spaced apart from the combustion chamber 110 by a predetermined distance and supplies solid fuel burned in the combustion chamber 110. The fuel supply port 120 may be connected to the transfer means 130. The fuel inlet 120 is connected to an external fuel reservoir 122 for storing the solid fuel so that the solid fuel can be transferred from the fuel reservoir 122 to the fuel inlet 120 through the transfer screw 121 .

The transfer means 130 is disposed adjacent to the fuel supply port 120 and transfers the solid fuel supplied through the fuel supply port 120 to the combustion chamber 110. The conveying means 130 may be, for example, a conveying screw 131 partitioned by a cylinder 132. The conveying screw 131 is connected to the motor 133 so that the solid fuel can be transferred to the combustion chamber 110 by the rotation of the motor 133. The transfer screw 131 may extend from the lower portion of the fuel supply port 120 to the inlet of the combustion chamber 110. A guide member 135 for guiding the transferred solid fuel to the combustion chamber 110 may be installed at the rear end of the transfer means 130.

The air passage 140 is connected to the blower 141 to inject air into the combustion chamber 110. The air passage 140 may be formed of a cylindrical member surrounding the conveying means 130. A plurality of outflow openings 141 may be formed on the outer wall of the rear end of the air passage 140. The combustion chamber 110 includes an auxiliary space 114 partitioned by the auxiliary member 117 and the air discharged through the outflow opening 141 flows into the combustion chamber 110 through the auxiliary space 114 . To this end, the auxiliary space 114 may be provided with an inlet opening 114a communicating with the combustion chamber 110. [ This inflow opening 114a can be formed by the difference between the inner diameter of the auxiliary member 117 and the inner diameter of the first combustion chamber 111. [

The oil supply means 150 supplies the oil into the combustion chamber 110. The oil may be, for example, light oil. The oil supply means 150 may extend from the external oil supply source to the combustion chamber 110 through the interior of the air passage 140.

The ignition means 160 may be disposed adjacent to the inlet of the combustion chamber 110 to ignite the oil supplied to the combustion chamber 110 through the oil supply means 150. [ The oil supplied through the oil supply means 150 may be ignited by the ignition means 160 to preheat the combustion chamber 110.

The combustion chamber 110 may include a first combustion chamber 111, a second combustion chamber 112, a third combustion chamber 113, and an auxiliary member 117.

The first combustion chamber 111 is formed in a cylindrical shape and its rear end is opened. The first combustion chamber 111 may be slightly inclined towards the rear end for ash release. The first combustion chamber 111 may have a first space 111c that can receive air and communicate with the air passage 140 between the inner wall 111a and the outer wall 111b of the first combustion chamber 111 . A plurality of first air openings 111b 'may be formed in the outer wall 111b of the first combustion chamber 111. [ The first combustion chamber 111 may be formed as a single member or may be formed by assembling several members.

The second combustion chamber 112 is formed into a cylindrical shape surrounding the outer side of the first combustion chamber 111, and a front end portion thereof is opened. The second combustion chamber 112 may be slightly inclined towards the front end for ash release. The outer wall 111b 'of the first combustion chamber 111 and the inner wall 112a of the second combustion chamber 112 are separated from each other by a predetermined distance and a first passage 115 may be formed therebetween. The combustion may occur in the combustion chamber 115.

The third combustion chamber 113 is formed in a cylindrical shape surrounding the outside of the second combustion chamber 112, and a rear end thereof is opened. The third combustion chamber 113 may be slightly inclined toward the rear end for ash discharge. The third combustion chamber 113 may have a second space 113c that can receive air and communicate with the air passage 140 between the inner wall 113a and the outer wall 113b of the third combustion chamber 113 . A plurality of second air openings 113a 'may be formed in the inner wall 113a of the third combustion chamber 113. [ The third combustion chamber 113 may be formed as a single member or may be formed by assembling several members.

The outer wall 112b of the second combustion chamber 112 and the inner wall 113a of the third combustion chamber 113 may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance and a second passage 116 may be formed therebetween. Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 116). &Lt; / RTI >

An auxiliary space 114 communicating with the first passage 115 and the second passage 116 may be formed at the front end of the combustion chamber 110. The auxiliary space 114 communicates with the outflow opening 141 of the air passage 140 and the air introduced from the outside through the air passage 140 can flow into the auxiliary space 114 through the outflow opening 141 have. The air that has entered the auxiliary space 114 can enter the first space 111c and the second space 113c.

The air that has entered the first space 111c can be introduced into the first passage 115 through the first air opening 111b 'formed in the outer wall 111b of the first combustion chamber 111. [ The air that has entered the second space 113c may be introduced into the second passage 116 through the second air opening 113a 'formed in the inner wall 113a of the third combustion chamber 113.

The auxiliary member 117 may be in the form of a ring having an inner diameter and an outer diameter and may be coupled to the front ends of the first to third combustion chambers 111, 112 and 113. The auxiliary member 117 is hollow inside, and an auxiliary space 114 in which air can be stored is formed inside the auxiliary member 117. The auxiliary space 114 is formed with an inflow opening 114a communicating with the first combustion chamber 111 so that the air that has entered the auxiliary space 114 through the air passage 140 flows through the inflow opening 114a into the first combustion chamber 111, (111).

The auxiliary member 117 may have an auxiliary first opening 117a communicating with the first space 111c and an auxiliary second opening 117b communicating with the second space 113c. A plurality of auxiliary first openings 117a and auxiliary second openings 117b may be formed along the circumference of the auxiliary member 117 at predetermined intervals.

The solid fuel gas burned in the solid fuel combustion apparatus 100 of the present invention passes through the heat exchanger 200. The heat exchanger 200 includes a chamber 210, a heat exchange pipe 220, a heat exchange channel 221, an upper flow channel 230, a lower flow channel 240 And an exhaust flow path 250.

Referring to FIG. 1, the solid fuel introduced into the first combustion chamber 111 is vaporized and flows into the chamber 210 through the first passage 115 and the second passage 116 as indicated by the arrows. The wall 211 of the chamber 210 may be formed of refractory bricks.

The fuel gas that has entered the chamber 210 rises upwards and passes heat through the heat exchange channel 221 formed between the heat exchange pipes 220 containing water. In order to increase the heat exchange efficiency, the fuel gas passes through the upper flow path 230 and then flows down along the heat exchange path 221 to transfer heat to the water in the heat exchange pipe 220. The fuel gas passes through the lower flow path 240 and sufficiently exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium while repeating this process several times, and then passes through the discharge flow path 250.

Referring to FIG. 2, the solid fuel combustion apparatus 100 may be supported on a support 180. A roller 181 is attached to the lower portion of the support table 180, and the roller 181 can move along the rail 190. When the maintenance of the solid fuel combustion apparatus 100 is required, the roller 181 is moved back along the rail 190 to transfer the solid fuel combustion apparatus 100, particularly, the combustion chamber 110 to the outside of the chamber 210 After that, you can do the necessary work.

Hereinafter, a combustion method using the solid fuel combustion apparatus 100 of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. FIG.

First, oil and air are supplied to the first combustion chamber 111. The oil is supplied to the first combustion chamber (111) through the oil supply means (150). The air is introduced through the air passage 140 and into the auxiliary space 114 through the outflow opening 141. The air introduced into the auxiliary space 114 may enter the first combustion chamber 111 through the inlet opening 114a.

Next, the oil is ignited by the ignition means 160 to warm the first combustion chamber 111 for a predetermined time. The first combustion chamber 111 is first preheated and the second combustion chamber 112 and the third combustion chamber 113 are gradually heated by the radiant heat. The preheating time can be about 15 to 30 minutes. The temperature of the first combustion chamber 111 may be about 400 to 800 DEG C due to preheating.

Next, after the first combustion chamber 111 is preheated for a predetermined time, the supply of the oil is stopped, and the solid fuel is supplied to the first combustion chamber 111 by the transfer means 130. The solid fuel supplied to the preheated first combustion chamber 111 is directly vaporized by the high temperature of the first combustion chamber 111 to be converted into a solid fuel gas (hereinafter referred to as fuel gas). Some of the unburned solid fuel may be present in the first combustion chamber 111, but may be completely burned through the second combustion chamber 112 and the third combustion chamber 113.

The vaporized fuel gas is then exhausted to the chamber 210 of the heat exchanger 200 via the first passage 115 and the second passage 116 after passing through the rear end of the first combustion chamber 111. [

At this time, the air contained in the first space 111c formed between the inner wall 111a and the outer wall 111b of the first combustion chamber 111 through the air passage 140 flows into the outer wall 111b of the first combustion chamber 111, To the first passage 115 through the first air opening 111b 'formed in the first passage 115b. The fuel gas may be mixed with air and completely burned while passing through the first passageway (115).

The air contained in the second space 113c formed between the inner wall 113a and the outer wall 113b of the third combustion chamber 111 through the air passage 140 flows into the inner wall 113a of the third combustion chamber 113, To the second passage 116 through the second air opening 113a 'formed in the second passage 116a. The fuel gas that has passed through the first passageway 115 can pass through the second passageway 116 and mix with the air to be more completely combusted. The fuel gas discharged through the second passage 116 to the chamber 210 may be at least 1000 ° C.

The fuel gas discharged into the chamber 210 passes through the heat exchanger 200, transfers heat to the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pipe 220, and is discharged through the discharge channel 250. At this time, the solid fuel is completely burned and almost no air pollutant such as dioxin is discharged.

According to the solid fuel combustion apparatus 100 and the combustion method using the solid fuel combustion apparatus 100, the oil supplied by the oil supply means 150 is ignited by the ignition means 160 to preheat the combustion chamber 110. The solid fuel supplied to the preheated first combustion chamber 111 rapidly changes to the gaseous fuel gas by the high temperature.

Since the combustion chamber 140 rotates in conjunction with the motor 101, the solid fuel supplied to the first combustion chamber 111 is evenly contacted with the inner wall 111a of the preheated first combustion chamber 111 to receive heat Complete combustion can be achieved. Accordingly, the emission of air pollutants such as dioxins generated during incomplete combustion can be drastically reduced, and the combustion efficiency can be improved.

Further, the fuel gas may be further mixed with the air supplied individually through the path leading to the first combustion chamber 111, the first passage 115, and the second passage 116, so that some unburned Solid fuels can also be completely burned and emissions of air pollutants can be reduced.

However, in the solid fuel combustion apparatus 100 of the present invention, the combustion chamber 110 is supplied with the oil and the ignition means 160 Once preheated, the solid fuel burns vigorously without additional thermal power, thus enabling complete combustion using less energy.

In the solid fuel combustion apparatus 100 having such a configuration, since an inexpensive solid fuel such as RPF and RDF is used, the fuel cost can be drastically reduced, the emission of air pollutants can be minimized, the combustion time can be shortened, More energy production can be achieved with temperature.

Since the ash generated by the combustion of the solid fuel is configured such that the first to third combustion chambers 111, 112 and 113 are rotated by the motor 101 and inclined in the discharge direction of the fuel gas, So that it can be accumulated in the lower part of the chamber 210, thereby facilitating the removal of combustion waste.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention will be.

100: Solid fuel combustion device
101: Motor
110: Combustion chamber
111: first combustion chamber
111c: first space
112: second combustion chamber
113: the third combustion chamber
113c: the second space
114: auxiliary space
115: first passage
116: second passage
120: fuel supply port
130:
131: Feed screw
132: cylinder
140: air passage
141: blower
150: oil supply means
160: Ignition means
180: Support
181: Rollers
182:
190: Rail
200: heat exchanger
210: accommodation space
211: Refractory wall
220: Heat exchange piping
221: heat exchange flow path
230: upper flow path
240: Lower flow path
250: discharge flow path

Claims

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In a solid fuel combustion apparatus,
A combustion chamber connected to the motor and rotating and generating combustion of the solid fuel;
A fuel supply port for supplying solid fuel burned in the combustion chamber;
Conveying means disposed adjacent to the fuel supply port for conveying the supplied solid fuel to the combustion chamber;
An air passage connected to the blower to inject air into the combustion chamber;
Oil supply means for supplying oil into the combustion chamber;
Ignition means disposed adjacent to the combustion chamber for igniting the oil;
/ RTI >
In the combustion chamber,
A first combustion chamber formed in a cylindrical shape and having a rear end opened;
A second combustion chamber formed in a cylindrical shape surrounding an outer side of the first combustion chamber and having a front end opened;
A third combustion chamber formed into a cylindrical shape surrounding the outside of the second combustion chamber and having a rear end opened;
/ RTI >
Wherein the solid fuel supplied to the first combustion chamber is vaporized in the first combustion chamber and passes through a rear end of the first combustion chamber and passes through a first passage formed by an outer wall of the first combustion chamber and an inner wall of the second combustion chamber, A second passage formed by an outer wall of the second combustion chamber and an inner wall of the third combustion chamber,
The first combustion chamber has a first space communicating with the air passage and capable of receiving air between the inner wall and the outer wall of the first combustion chamber,
And a plurality of first air openings are formed in the outer wall of the first combustion chamber so that air can be supplied to the first passage through the first air openings.

3. The method of claim 2,
The third combustion chamber has a second space communicating with the air passage and capable of receiving air between the inner wall and the outer wall of the third combustion chamber,
And a plurality of second air openings are formed in the inner wall of the third combustion chamber so that air can be supplied to the second passage through the second air openings.

3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the conveying means is a conveying screw partitioned into a cylinder,
Wherein the air passage is formed in a cylindrical shape surrounding the conveying means,
A plurality of outflow openings are formed in the outer wall of the rear end portion of the air passage,
And the air discharged through the outflow opening can be introduced into the first space through the partitioned auxiliary space.

A first combustion chamber formed in a cylindrical shape and having a rear end opened; a second combustion chamber formed in a cylindrical shape surrounding an outer side of the first combustion chamber and having a front end portion opened; a second combustion chamber formed in a cylindrical shape surrounding the second combustion chamber, A combustion method using a solid fuel combustion apparatus including a combustion chamber having a third combustion chamber,
i) supplying oil and air to the first combustion chamber;
ii) igniting the oil by the ignition means to preheat the combustion chamber for a predetermined period of time;
iii) supplying the solid fuel transferred by the transferring means to the first combustion chamber and vaporizing the solid fuel;
iv) the vaporized solid fuel gas passes through the rear end of the first combustion chamber, passes through a first passage formed by the outer wall of the first combustion chamber and the inner wall of the second combustion chamber, and the outer wall of the second combustion chamber, Through a second passageway defined by the inner wall of the first passageway;
Supplying the air contained in the first space formed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the first combustion chamber to the first passage through the first air opening formed in the outer wall of the first combustion chamber in the step iv)
Wherein the combustion is performed using the solid fuel combustion device.