CN113883498A - Energy-saving boiler - Google Patents
Energy-saving boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN113883498A CN113883498A CN202111076534.9A CN202111076534A CN113883498A CN 113883498 A CN113883498 A CN 113883498A CN 202111076534 A CN202111076534 A CN 202111076534A CN 113883498 A CN113883498 A CN 113883498A
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- chamber
- combustion chamber
- boiler
- main body
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B10/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/22—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using combustion under pressure substantially exceeding atmospheric pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/06—Flue or fire tubes; Accessories therefor, e.g. fire-tube inserts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/26—Steam-separating arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
- F22B37/54—De-sludging or blow-down devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B50/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone
- F23B50/12—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone the fuel being fed to the combustion zone by free fall or by sliding along inclined surfaces, e.g. from a conveyor terminating above the fuel bed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L5/00—Blast-producing apparatus before the fire
- F23L5/02—Arrangements of fans or blowers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
- F23N3/007—Regulating air supply or draught using mechanical means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/40—Intercepting solids by cyclones
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/50—Intercepting solids by cleaning fluids (washers or scrubbers)
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving boiler, which belongs to the technical field of boilers and comprises a boiler main body shell, wherein a burner is arranged outside the boiler main body shell, an upper combustion chamber and a lower combustion chamber are arranged in the boiler main body shell, the lower combustion chamber is connected with each combustion chamber, each heat energy decomposition chamber and each backfire chamber, a first waste heat decomposition chamber and a second waste heat decomposition chamber of a preheater are arranged, gaps are arranged among an ash chamber, the first heat energy decomposition chamber, the second heat energy decomposition chamber and the third heat energy decomposition chamber and the bottom of the boiler main body shell to form a scale reserved layer, a boiler smoke exhaust port is arranged at the upper end of the second waste heat decomposition chamber of the preheater, and a dust removal device is connected to the boiler smoke exhaust port. The energy-saving boiler of the invention can absorb all the heat value released by the combustion flame by water, improve the fuel utilization rate and the water boiling efficiency, is not easy to generate scale, and can effectively remove dust and harmful substances by the dust removal device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of boilers, in particular to an energy-saving boiler.
Background
The boiler is an energy conversion device, the energy input to the boiler comprises chemical energy and electric energy in fuel, and the boiler outputs steam, high-temperature water or an organic heat carrier with certain heat energy. The hot water or steam generated in the boiler can directly provide heat energy for industrial production and people life, and can also be converted into mechanical energy through a steam power device, or the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through a generator. The boiler for supplying hot water is called a hot water boiler, is mainly used for life, and has a small amount of application in industrial production.
In the existing boiler products in the market, a combustion system is mostly arranged at the bottom, water is arranged at the upper part, water is boiled through heat transfer through combustion of the bottom, the bottom of a water liner is directly heated, scale is easy to form, the scale naturally precipitates downwards and gradually hardens in the heating process, so that the heat transfer of a boiler is slow, the boiling speed is reduced, fuel is wasted, and the combustion part is isolated from a water contact surface due to scale formation, so that the bottom of the liner is easy to burn out; meanwhile, the design of the combustion system is not reasonable, so that the fuel is not combusted fully, the problems of low heat energy utilization rate, resource waste and the like exist, the subsequent dust removal effect is not ideal, and the air is polluted greatly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy-saving boiler which has high heat efficiency and good dust removal effect and can effectively prevent scale.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an energy-saving boiler, includes boiler main body shell, boiler main body shell's outside is equipped with the combustor, be equipped with the combustion chamber in the boiler main body shell, wherein:
the combustion chamber sequentially comprises an upper combustion chamber and a lower combustion chamber from top to bottom, the side surface of the upper combustion chamber is connected with the combustor, and an ash chamber is arranged below the lower combustion chamber;
the side surface of the lower combustion chamber is provided with a first catalytic combustion chamber, the first catalytic combustion chamber is connected with a first heat energy decomposition chamber, a second heat energy decomposition chamber and a third heat energy decomposition chamber which are vertically arranged in parallel, the lower end of the first heat energy decomposition chamber is connected with the first catalytic combustion chamber, the upper ends of the first heat energy decomposition chamber and the second heat energy decomposition chamber are connected through a first recombustion chamber, the lower ends of the second heat energy decomposition chamber and the third heat energy decomposition chamber are connected through a second recombustion chamber, and the upper end of the third heat energy decomposition chamber is provided with a third recombustion chamber;
the third flashback chamber extends out of the outer shell of the boiler main body through a pipeline and is connected with a preheater, the preheater comprises a first preheater waste heat decomposition chamber and a second preheater waste heat decomposition chamber which are vertically arranged in parallel, a preheater blocking partition is arranged between the first preheater waste heat decomposition chamber and the second preheater waste heat decomposition chamber so as to form a lower preheater flashback chamber at the lower ends of the first preheater waste heat decomposition chamber and the second preheater waste heat decomposition chamber, the upper end of the first preheater waste heat decomposition chamber is connected with the third flashback chamber, a boiler smoke outlet is arranged at the upper end of the second preheater waste heat decomposition chamber, and the boiler smoke outlet is connected with a dust removal device;
boiler main body shell is interior to encircle combustion chamber, lower combustion chamber, ash chamber and each and return the combustion chamber and form first reservoir chamber, thereby ash chamber, first heat energy decomposition chamber, second heat energy decomposition chamber and third heat energy decomposition chamber all with thereby be equipped with the clearance and form the incrustation scale and reserve the layer between boiler main body shell's the bottom.
Further, the thickness of the scale reserved layer is 8-20 cm;
and/or a water outlet is arranged at the lower part of the outer shell of the boiler main body, and the size of the water outlet is 10-40 cm.
Furthermore, the upper portion of going up the combustion chamber is equipped with the loading door, the middle part of going up the combustion chamber is equipped with combustion chamber ignition observation door, the bottom of going up the combustion chamber is equipped with the water grate bar, encircle each decomposition chamber in the preheater and form the second reservoir chamber.
Furthermore, a fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the lower combustion chamber, and a fire observation hole extending out of the outer shell of the boiler main body is arranged below the fire grate on the side surface of the lower combustion chamber;
the middle part of the lower combustion chamber is provided with a lower combustion chamber ignition observation door;
a lower ash removal door is arranged on the ash chamber;
and ash cleaning doors are arranged on the first recombustion chamber, the second recombustion chamber and the third recombustion chamber.
Further, the side of going up the combustion chamber is equipped with the oxygenating mouth, the side of cinder chamber is equipped with down the oxygenating mouth, boiler main body shell outside is equipped with the oxygenating fan, the oxygenating fan is connected respectively through dividing the oxygen chamber go up oxygenating mouth and oxygenating mouth down, divide and be equipped with oxygenating mouth adjustable valve on the pipeline between oxygen chamber and the last oxygenating mouth, divide and be equipped with oxygenating mouth adjustable valve down on the pipeline between oxygen chamber and the lower oxygenating mouth.
Furthermore, an oxygen supplementing and turbidity discharging port is arranged above the upper combustion chamber, an oxygen supplementing and turbidity discharging port connecting cap connected with the oxygen supplementing and turbidity discharging port is arranged on the outer shell of the boiler main body, and an adjustable air inlet and outlet valve is arranged on the oxygen supplementing and turbidity discharging port connecting cap.
Further, a boiler main body water replenishing port is arranged on the lower portion of the side face of the boiler main body shell, a liquid level sensing water inlet is arranged in the middle of the side face of the boiler main body shell, a temperature sensor interface and a liquid level sensing anti-backflow port are arranged on the upper portion of the side face of the boiler main body shell, and the liquid level sensing anti-backflow port is connected with an automatic water level detector.
Further, boiler main body shell outside be equipped with go up the loading attachment that the combustion chamber is connected, wherein:
the feeding device comprises a particle bin and an integrated feeding machine connected with the particle bin, and a discharge port of the integrated feeding machine is connected with the upper combustion chamber through a free-falling type feed port;
and/or the feeding device comprises a floor type hopper and a floor type feeding machine connected with the floor type hopper, and a discharge port of the floor type feeding machine is connected with the upper combustion chamber through a free-sliding type feed port.
Further, a steam-water separator mounting seat is arranged on the boiler main body shell, a steam-water separator is arranged on the steam-water separator mounting seat, a pressure gauge is connected to the steam-water separator through a first normally-open air outlet, and a pressure release valve is connected to the steam-water separator through a second normally-open air outlet;
and a normal-pressure steam outlet is formed in the steam-water separator and is connected to the first normally-open type gas outlet through a steam-water separator connecting pipe.
Further, the dust removing device comprises a dust remover spray tower, wherein:
a smoke inlet is formed in the lower part of the spray tower of the dust remover, and a smoke exhaust induced draft fan is arranged on the smoke inlet;
the upper part of the dust remover spray tower is connected with a cyclone dust remover through a pipeline, and an exhaust port is arranged on the cyclone dust remover;
the bottom of the spray tower of the dust remover is provided with a dust collector, the dust collector comprises a spray tower dust collector and a cyclone dust collector which are integrally arranged, the spray tower dust collector is connected with the spray tower of the dust remover, and a partition is arranged between the spray tower dust collector and the cyclone dust collector so as to ensure that the spray tower dust collector and the cyclone dust collector are only communicated at the lower part;
the cyclone dust collector is connected with the cyclone dust collector through a pipeline.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the boiler combustion chamber and all internal structures are reasonable in design, a suspended design is adopted, the traditional direct combustion concept is broken through, and bidirectional combustion is realized, flame combusted by the boiler enters the lower recombustion chamber to be turned over after being fully combusted by the combustion chamber, enters the first heat energy decomposition chamber upwards, passes through the upper recombustion chamber to be combusted downwards, enters the second heat energy decomposition chamber, is discharged out of the boiler after reciprocating for four times, is more fully combusted, fully decomposes and utilizes heat energy, is large in heat exchange area, long in time and high in heat energy utilization rate, and is more energy-saving compared with the traditional boiler; simultaneously water ring-type is around in the boiler, imitate the combustion chamber, the whole 360 degrees of chamber of backflowing are located in aqueous, imitative fire of Buddha just burns in aqueous, the boiler bottom is equipped with the incrustation scale and reserves the layer, be difficult for producing the incrustation scale, the incrustation scale can down sink naturally after forming, fall to the bottom, because the bottom is not direct contact burning, the natural flow of water in addition, so even generate the incrustation scale, also be difficult for carrying out the knot board, and the calorific value of the flame release of abundant burning is whole absorbed by water, improve fuel utilization ratio and water boiling efficiency, effectively clear away dust and harmful substance through dust collector at last.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall front cross-sectional view of an energy saving boiler of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an overall rear cross-sectional view of the energy saving boiler of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding device of an energy-saving boiler according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is another schematic structural diagram of the feeding device of the energy-saving boiler of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
a1 boiler and dust remover connecting pipe, A2 flue gas inlet, A3 smoke outlet adjustable valve, A4 smoke exhaust induced draft fan, A5 spray tower dust collector, A6 cyclone dust collector, A7 dust collector footing, A8 spray tower and cyclone dust collector partition, A9 cyclone dust collector, A10 exhaust port, A11 spray tower connecting cyclone dust collector pipe, A12 dust collector spray tower, A13 dust collector drain;
1. the boiler comprises a boiler outer decorative shell, 2, a boiler main body shell, 3, an upper combustion chamber, 4, an upper charging door, 5, a combustor, 6, a combustor connecting port, 7, an upper combustion chamber ignition observing door, 8, a water fire bar, 9, a lower combustion chamber, 10, a lower combustion chamber ignition observing door, 11, a lower combustion chamber fire grate, 12, an ash chamber, 13, a lower ash cleaning door, 14, a boiler main body footing, 15, an outer lower frame, 16, a scale reserving layer, 17, a first catalytic combustion chamber, 18, a first heat energy decomposition chamber, 19, a second heat energy decomposition chamber, 20, a second combustion chamber and an ash cleaning door, 21, a third heat energy decomposition chamber, 22, a boiler main body water replenishing port, 23, a liquid level sensing preheater water inlet, 24, a first preheater waste heat decomposition chamber, 25, a lower water layer, 26, a second preheater waste heat decomposition chamber, 27, a lower preheater combustion chamber, 28 and a preheater barrier, 29. second and third burn-back chamber partition, 30, third burn-back chamber, 31, boiler smoke outlet, 32, first and third burn-back chamber ash cleaning door, 33, automatic water level detector, 34, temperature sensor interface, 35, liquid level sensing anti-backflow port, 36, first burn-back chamber, 37, oxygen supplementing exhaust port, 38, adjustable air inlet and outlet valve, 39, oxygen supplementing exhaust port connecting cap, 40, atmospheric steam outlet, 41, steam-water separator connecting pipe, 42, pressure gauge, 43, normally open air outlet, 44, steam-water separator, 45 steam-water separator mounting seat, 46, pressure relief valve, 47, lifting lug, 52, upper oxygen supplementing port, 53, upper oxygen supplementing port adjustable valve, 54, oxygen supplementing fan, 55, oxygen separation chamber, 56, lower oxygen supplementing adjustable valve, 57, lower oxygen supplementing port, 58, fire observation hole, 59, floor type hopper, 60, floor type loading machine, 61 preheater ash cleaning port, 62. a water replenishing port of the preheater 63, a water return port 64, a sewage discharge port 65, a water outlet 66, a four-way water level detection electrode 67 and a water outlet of the preheater.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides an energy-saving boiler, as shown in figures 1-4, comprising a boiler main body casing 2, a burner 5 is arranged outside the boiler main body casing 2, a combustion chamber is arranged in the boiler main body casing 2, wherein:
the combustion chamber sequentially comprises an upper combustion chamber 3 and a lower combustion chamber 9 from top to bottom, the side surface of the upper combustion chamber 3 is connected with a burner 5, and an ash chamber 12 is arranged below the lower combustion chamber 3; a first catalytic combustion chamber 17 is arranged on the side surface of the lower combustion chamber 9, the first catalytic combustion chamber 17 is connected with a first heat energy decomposition chamber 18, a second heat energy decomposition chamber 19 and a third heat energy decomposition chamber 21 which are vertically arranged in parallel, the lower end of the first heat energy decomposition chamber 18 is connected with the first catalytic combustion chamber 17, the upper ends of the first heat energy decomposition chamber 18 and the second heat energy decomposition chamber 19 are connected through a first combustion back chamber 36, the lower ends of the second heat energy decomposition chamber 19 and the third heat energy decomposition chamber 21 are connected through a second combustion back chamber 20, and the upper end of the third heat energy decomposition chamber 21 is provided with a third combustion back chamber 30;
the third after-combustion chamber 30 stretches out to the outside of boiler main body shell 2 through the pipeline and is connected with the pre-heater, the pre-heater includes vertical first waste heat decomposition chamber 24 of pre-heater and the second waste heat decomposition chamber 26 of pre-heater that sets up side by side, thereby it hinders into and cuts off 28 to be equipped with the pre-heater between first waste heat decomposition chamber 24 of pre-heater and the second waste heat decomposition chamber 26 of pre-heater and hinders to advance to form after-combustion chamber 27 under the pre-heater at the lower extreme of the first waste heat decomposition chamber 24 of pre-heater and the second waste heat decomposition chamber 26 of pre-heater, third after-combustion chamber 30 is connected to the upper end of the first waste heat decomposition chamber 24 of pre-heater, the upper end of the second waste heat decomposition chamber 24 of pre-heater is equipped with boiler exhaust port 31, boiler exhaust port 31 is connected with dust collector.
A first water storage chamber is formed in the boiler main body shell 2 around the upper combustion chamber 3, the lower combustion chamber 9, the ash chamber 12 and the respective back combustion chambers, and gaps are formed among the ash chamber 12, the first heat energy decomposition chamber 18, the second heat energy decomposition chamber 19 and the third heat energy decomposition chamber 21 and the bottom of the boiler main body shell 2 so as to form a scale reserved layer 16.
When the boiler is used, flame sprayed by a burner of a boiler main body shell is used for igniting fuel, flame is downward combusted from an upper combustion chamber to a lower combustion chamber, then the flame enters a first catalytic combustion chamber, then partial heat energy is decomposed by a first vertical heat energy decomposition chamber and then enters a first combustion chamber, the heat energy is fully absorbed and decomposed by a vertical second heat energy decomposition chamber and then enters a second combustion chamber, then the heat energy is decomposed by a vertical third heat energy decomposition chamber and then enters a third combustion chamber, finally all waste heat is collected in the third combustion chamber, the waste heat is discharged out of the boiler main body through a pipeline and enters the first decomposition chamber of the preheater, the waste heat discharged out of the boiler is fully extracted, then the waste heat enters the second decomposition chamber of the preheater for decomposition and absorption, and finally, the burnt dust is removed through a dust removal device connected with a boiler exhaust port.
Meanwhile, moisture in the first water storage chambers surrounding the upper combustion chamber, the lower combustion chamber, the ash chamber and each combustion chamber can effectively absorb heat energy of combustion, water is in a natural flowing state, and a scale reservation layer is arranged below the ash chamber, the first heat energy decomposition chamber, the second heat energy decomposition chamber and the third heat energy decomposition chamber, so that the combustion chambers, each heat energy decomposition chamber and the bottom of the boiler are at certain distances.
According to the invention, the boiler combustion chamber and all internal structures are reasonable in design, a suspended design is adopted, the traditional direct combustion concept is broken through, and bidirectional combustion is realized, flame combusted by the boiler enters the lower recombustion chamber to be turned over after being fully combusted by the combustion chamber, enters the first heat energy decomposition chamber upwards, passes through the upper recombustion chamber to be combusted downwards, enters the second heat energy decomposition chamber, is discharged out of the boiler after reciprocating for four times, is more fully combusted, fully decomposes and utilizes heat energy, is large in heat exchange area, long in time and high in heat energy utilization rate, and is more energy-saving compared with the traditional boiler; simultaneously water ring-type is around in the boiler, imitate the combustion chamber, the whole 360 degrees of chamber of backflowing are located in aqueous, imitative fire of Buddha just burns in aqueous, the boiler bottom is equipped with the incrustation scale and reserves the layer, be difficult for producing the incrustation scale, the incrustation scale can down sink naturally after forming, fall to the bottom, because the bottom is not direct contact burning, the natural flow of water in addition, so even generate the incrustation scale, also be difficult for carrying out the knot board, and the calorific value of the flame release of abundant burning is whole absorbed by water, improve fuel utilization ratio and water boiling efficiency, effectively clear away dust and harmful substance through dust collector at last.
Preferably, in order to store impurities in water and water generated by using a boiler for a long time, the thickness of the scale reserve layer can be 8-20cm, such as 10cm, and the heating surface can be increased; in order to remove the scale conveniently, the lower part of the outer shell of the boiler main body can be provided with a water outlet, the size of the water outlet is preferably 10-40cm, the scale can be directly removed when the scale is generated, and even if the scale cannot be completely removed, the scale can be completely removed by a tool through the water outlet, so that the time and the labor are saved.
As shown in figure 1, the upper part of the upper combustion chamber in the boiler can be provided with an upper charging door 4, the middle part of the upper combustion chamber 3 can be provided with an upper combustion chamber ignition observation door 7, the bottom of the upper combustion chamber 3 can be provided with a water fire bar 8, a second water storage chamber is formed around each decomposition chamber in the preheater, and each flashback chamber is as if being located in water, the heat value in the flashback chamber is absorbed, and the heat energy utilization rate is improved.
In order to facilitate observation and adjustment of combustion states and improve combustion efficiency, the middle part of the lower combustion chamber 9 can be provided with a lower combustion chamber ignition observation door 10, the bottom of the lower combustion chamber 9 is provided with a fire grate, and the side surface of the lower combustion chamber 9 is provided with a fire observation hole 58 extending out of the outer shell 2 of the boiler main body below the fire grate 11; the ash chamber 12 is provided with a lower ash cleaning door 13, the first, second and third combustion chambers are all provided with ash cleaning doors, and waste residues falling to the ash can be cleaned out from the ash cleaning doors.
As shown in fig. 3-4, the side of the upper combustion chamber 3 may be provided with an upper oxygen supplement port 52, the side of the ash chamber 12 may be provided with a lower oxygen supplement port 57, the exterior of the boiler main body casing 2 is provided with an oxygen supplement fan 54, the oxygen supplement fan 54 is respectively connected with the upper oxygen supplement port 52 and the lower oxygen supplement port 54 through an oxygen distribution chamber 55, an upper oxygen supplement port adjustable valve 53 is arranged on a pipeline between the oxygen distribution chamber 55 and the upper oxygen supplement port 52, and a lower oxygen supplement port adjustable valve 56 is arranged on a pipeline between the oxygen distribution chamber 55 and the lower oxygen supplement port 57. The oxygenating fan 54 can effectively control the rate of combustion and thus the output efficiency of the boiler.
In order to further improve the combustion efficiency, an oxygen supplementing and turbidity discharging port 37 can be arranged above the upper combustion chamber 3, an oxygen supplementing and turbidity discharging port connecting cap 39 connected with the oxygen supplementing and turbidity discharging port is arranged on the boiler main body shell 2, and an adjustable air inlet and outlet valve 38 is arranged on the oxygen supplementing and turbidity discharging port connecting cap 39.
The lower part of the side surface of the boiler main body shell 2 can be provided with a boiler main body water replenishing port 22, the middle part of the side surface of the boiler main body shell 2 is provided with a liquid level sensing water inlet 23, and the upper part of the side surface of the boiler main body shell 2 is provided with a temperature sensor interface 34 and a liquid level sensing anti-backflow port 35.
In this way, the temperature sensor interface is connected with the temperature sensor, the temperature sensor can automatically detect the running temperature of the equipment, so as to automatically control the start and stop of the oxygen supplementing fan and the smoke exhaust draught fan, and the equipment can be automatically stopped when the danger of overtemperature occurs; the water replenishing port of the boiler main body, the liquid level sensing water inlet and the liquid level sensing anti-backflow port can control the volume of water in the boiler, and the absorption efficiency of heat in the boiler is further improved.
Further, the liquid level sensing anti-backflow port 35 can be connected with an automatic water level detector 33, the automatic water level detector 33 automatically detects and controls water level supply in the boiler, the automatic water level detector and the boiler main body water supply port 22, the liquid level sensing water inlet 23 and the liquid level sensing anti-backflow port 35 control water amount in the boiler together, and if water shortage can affect equipment safety, acousto-optic whistle is generated, and the equipment is automatically stopped to run.
The boiler main body casing 2 is externally provided with a feeding device connected with the upper combustion chamber 3, and the feeding device can adopt various structural forms in the field, such as:
the structure form I:
as shown in fig. 3, the feeding device comprises a particle bin 49 and an integrated feeder 50 connected with the particle bin, wherein a discharge port of the integrated feeder 50 is connected with the upper combustion chamber 3 through a free-falling type feed port 51;
the structural form II is as follows:
as shown in fig. 4, the feeding device includes a floor-type hopper 59 and a floor-type feeder 60 connected to the floor-type hopper 59, and a discharge port of the floor-type feeder 60 is connected to the upper combustion chamber 3 through a free-fall type feed port (not shown).
A steam-water separator mounting seat 45 can be arranged on the boiler main body shell 2, a steam-water separator 44 can be arranged on the steam-water separator mounting seat 45, the steam-water separator 44 is connected with a pressure gauge 42 through a first normally-open type air outlet 43, the pressure gauge 42 regulates normally required pressure, the pressure gauge is automatically regulated to be in a fire-protecting or fire-blocking state when set pressure is reached, a pressure relief valve 46 is connected to the steam-water separator 44 through a second normally-open type air outlet 43, and the pressure relief valve 46 can be automatically opened to carry out mechanical pressure relief protection when the pressure of boiler equipment exceeds safe pressure; the steam-water separator can be provided with a normal pressure steam outlet 40, and the normal pressure steam outlet 40 is connected to a first normally open type air outlet 43 through a steam-water separator connecting pipe 41.
In the present invention, the dust removing device may include a dust remover spray tower a12, wherein: the lower part of the spray tower A12 of the dust remover is provided with a flue gas inlet A2, and a smoke exhaust induced draft fan A4 is arranged on the flue gas inlet A2; the upper part of the spray tower A12 of the dust remover is connected with a cyclone A9 through a pipeline, and the cyclone is provided with an exhaust port A10; the bottom of the spray tower A12 of the dust remover is provided with a dust collector which comprises a spray tower dust collector A5 and a cyclone dust collector A6 which are integrally arranged, the spray tower dust collector A5 is connected with the spray tower A12 of the dust remover, and a partition A8 is arranged between the spray tower dust collector A5 and the cyclone dust collector A6 so that the spray tower dust collector A8 and the cyclone dust collector A6 are communicated only at the lower part; the cyclone A9 is connected to the cyclone A6 via a pipe.
After flue gas generated in a boiler enters a spray tower of a dust remover through a pipeline, one path of the flue gas upwards enters a cyclone dust remover through the pipeline, the other path of the flue gas downwards moves due to liquid drops sprayed by a spray head, the liquid drops capture dust particles through inertia, interception, diffusion and other effects, and the dust particles enter a spray tower dust collector at the bottom of the spray tower of the dust remover to collect dust; the cyclone dust collector can make the dust-containing air flow rotate, and the dust particles are separated from the air flow by means of centrifugal force and collected on the wall of the dust collector, and then fall into the cyclone dust collector by means of gravity action. The spray tower dust collector and the cyclone dust collector are only communicated at the lower part, and dust particles in the spray tower dust collector can flow into the cyclone dust collector and are discharged from the exhaust port through a pipeline.
According to the invention, two dust removal modes of the dust remover spray tower and the cyclone dust remover are selected, the spray tower has the functions of cooling, increasing humidity and purifying toxic and harmful gases in the dust removal process, the dust removal efficiency is high, and the cyclone dust remover is high-temperature resistant and can treat a large amount of smoke; select the dust arrester of integrative structure for use simultaneously, only communicate in the lower part between spray column dust arrester and the cyclone dust removal dust arrester for the dust can circulate in the lower part, is discharged by the gas vent through the pipeline, makes the deashing even, can effectively clear away dust and harmful substance.
The energy-saving boiler can select various fuels, and the overall working process of the boiler introduced by taking coal as the fuel is as follows:
the boiler is provided with an oversized coal storage bin, so that a lot of fuel can be added at one time, and the boiler can be used for 8-12 hours after being filled with the fuel at one time. At the beginning, the reverse combustion flame burns downwards and penetrates through the water fire bar of the upper combustion chamber. The oxygen entering from the upper oxygen supplement enters the combustion zone directly through the storage bin to uniformly supplement oxygen for combustion of the burning flame, harmful substances such as sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, coal tar, flue gas and the like released by the combustion of the initial coal are alternately turned over and wrapped in the flame middle flame and outer flame, enter the first catalytic combustion chamber, and are fully ignited after entering the first catalytic combustion chamber and being supplemented with oxygen according to the perfect proportion of the upper oxygen supplement and the lower oxygen supplement. The 145-degree lifting of the rear baffle of the direct-flushing flashback chamber automatically forms small flame whirlwind due to the fact that the initial flame is greatly and circularly lifted. The heat energy enters a first heat energy decomposition chamber in a rotating mode to be decomposed and converted into heat energy in a first step, and the first decomposition chamber is composed of a plurality of vertical boiler smoke pipes and is used for better decomposing the heat energy released by flame. The flame which arrives at the second heat energy decomposition chamber and is subjected to double-fold combustion at 90 degrees and then enters the second heat energy decomposition chamber after being accelerated, mixed and stirred, the second heat energy decomposition chamber also consists of a plurality of vertical boiler smoke pipes, and the flame fully absorbs the residual heat after the decomposition is finished. The waste heat enters the third combustion chamber, is perfectly stirred and mixed at 90 degrees plus 90 degrees, and is distributed to the third thermal energy decomposition chamber, which is the last thermal energy decomposition and absorption in the boiler main body. The temperature of the waste heat from this point has already dropped below 180 degrees. And finally, collecting all the waste heat in a third flashback chamber, discharging the collected waste heat out of the boiler body into a waste heat recoverer, wherein the waste heat enters a first decomposition chamber of the preheater from the third flashback chamber, fully extracting the waste heat discharged from the boiler, and then enters a second decomposition chamber of the preheater for decomposition and absorption, wherein the temperature of the waste heat is lower than 100 degrees, and the waste heat is not used necessarily.
In the use, the gaseous catalytic combustion of boiler makes flame temperature promote, the rotatory burning of afterburning oxygenating makes the miniature granule that mix with in the flame, all is giving the thermal energy decomposition room clearance dust all at all times to a little brush as if, lets whole decomposition face of being heated all clean and tidy in real time, avoids the tobacco pipe to block up and influences the thermal efficiency.
The internal structure of the invention can enter the heat energy decomposition chamber and then enter the flashback chamber through the up-and-down mixed oxygen-supplementing catalytic combustion, and the turning point from flame shunting to integration, secondary stirring and secondary shunting is reached. The first and third flashback chambers are similar to a stirring and mixing partition plate in a concrete mixer in function, and can efficiently accelerate the mixing degree of stirring flame and combustible gas, so that the flame can be more fully combusted, and the ideal fuel utilization rate is achieved.
The invention can be applied to production to realize the following values:
realizing product diversification: the method can be applied to equipment such as electric boilers, gas boilers, oil boilers, biomass particle boilers, semi-coke boilers, coal-fired boilers and the like;
realizing function diversification: the functions of hot water, steam, hot air, heat conducting oil, drying, cooking, sterilization, chemical engineering, heating and the like are realized;
realizing fuel diversification: the multifunctional fuel tank has multiple functions, one product can be well suitable for various fuels, and the characteristics of various fuels are well exerted.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an energy-saving boiler, includes boiler main body shell, its characterized in that, boiler main body shell's outside is equipped with the combustor, be equipped with the combustion chamber in the boiler main body shell, wherein:
the combustion chamber sequentially comprises an upper combustion chamber and a lower combustion chamber from top to bottom, the side surface of the upper combustion chamber is connected with the combustor, and an ash chamber is arranged below the lower combustion chamber;
the side surface of the lower combustion chamber is provided with a first catalytic combustion chamber, the first catalytic combustion chamber is connected with a first heat energy decomposition chamber, a second heat energy decomposition chamber and a third heat energy decomposition chamber which are vertically arranged in parallel, the lower end of the first heat energy decomposition chamber is connected with the first catalytic combustion chamber, the upper ends of the first heat energy decomposition chamber and the second heat energy decomposition chamber are connected through a first recombustion chamber, the lower ends of the second heat energy decomposition chamber and the third heat energy decomposition chamber are connected through a second recombustion chamber, and the upper end of the third heat energy decomposition chamber is provided with a third recombustion chamber;
the third flashback chamber extends out of the outer shell of the boiler main body through a pipeline and is connected with a preheater, the preheater comprises a first preheater waste heat decomposition chamber and a second preheater waste heat decomposition chamber which are vertically arranged in parallel, a preheater blocking partition is arranged between the first preheater waste heat decomposition chamber and the second preheater waste heat decomposition chamber so as to form a lower preheater flashback chamber at the lower ends of the first preheater waste heat decomposition chamber and the second preheater waste heat decomposition chamber, the upper end of the first preheater waste heat decomposition chamber is connected with the third flashback chamber, a boiler smoke outlet is arranged at the upper end of the second preheater waste heat decomposition chamber, and the boiler smoke outlet is connected with a dust removal device;
boiler main body shell is interior to encircle combustion chamber, lower combustion chamber, ash chamber and each and return the combustion chamber and form first reservoir chamber, thereby ash chamber, first heat energy decomposition chamber, second heat energy decomposition chamber and third heat energy decomposition chamber all with thereby be equipped with the clearance and form the incrustation scale and reserve the layer between boiler main body shell's the bottom.
2. The energy saving boiler according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the scale reserve layer is 8-20 cm;
and/or a water outlet is arranged at the lower part of the outer shell of the boiler main body, and the size of the water outlet is 10-40 cm.
3. The energy-saving boiler according to claim 1, wherein an upper charging door is provided at an upper portion of the upper combustion chamber, an upper combustion chamber ignition observing door is provided at a middle portion of the upper combustion chamber, a water grate bar is provided at a bottom portion of the upper combustion chamber, and a second water storage chamber is formed around each decomposition chamber in the preheater.
4. The energy-saving boiler according to claim 3, wherein a fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the lower combustion chamber, and fire observation holes extending to the outside of the boiler main body shell are arranged below the fire grate on the side surface of the lower combustion chamber;
the middle part of the lower combustion chamber is provided with a lower combustion chamber ignition observation door;
a lower ash removal door is arranged on the ash chamber;
and ash cleaning doors are arranged on the first recombustion chamber, the second recombustion chamber and the third recombustion chamber.
5. The energy-saving boiler according to claim 1, wherein an upper oxygen supplement port is provided on a side surface of the upper combustion chamber, a lower oxygen supplement port is provided on a side surface of the ash chamber, an oxygen supplement fan is provided outside a casing of the boiler main body, the oxygen supplement fan is connected to the upper oxygen supplement port and the lower oxygen supplement port through an oxygen distribution chamber, an adjustable valve for the upper oxygen supplement port is provided on a pipeline between the oxygen distribution chamber and the upper oxygen supplement port, and an adjustable valve for the lower oxygen supplement port is provided on a pipeline between the oxygen distribution chamber and the lower oxygen supplement port.
6. The energy-saving boiler according to claim 5, wherein an oxygen supplementing and turbidity discharging port is arranged above the upper combustion chamber, an oxygen supplementing and turbidity discharging port connecting cap connected with the oxygen supplementing and turbidity discharging port is arranged on the boiler main body shell, and an adjustable air inlet and outlet valve is arranged on the oxygen supplementing and turbidity discharging port connecting cap.
7. The energy-saving boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a boiler main body water replenishing port is arranged at the lower part of the side surface of the boiler main body shell, a liquid level sensing water inlet is arranged at the middle part of the side surface of the boiler main body shell, a temperature sensor interface and a liquid level sensing anti-backflow port are arranged at the upper part of the side surface of the boiler main body shell, and an automatic water level detector is connected to the liquid level sensing anti-backflow port.
8. The energy saving boiler according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein a feeding device connected to the upper combustion chamber is provided outside the boiler main body casing, wherein:
the feeding device comprises a particle bin and an integrated feeding machine connected with the particle bin, and a discharge port of the integrated feeding machine is connected with the upper combustion chamber through a free-falling type feed port;
and/or the feeding device comprises a floor type hopper and a floor type feeding machine connected with the floor type hopper, and a discharge port of the floor type feeding machine is connected with the upper combustion chamber through a free-sliding type feed port.
9. The energy-saving boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a steam-water separator mounting seat is arranged on the boiler main body shell, a steam-water separator is arranged on the steam-water separator mounting seat, a pressure gauge is connected to the steam-water separator through a first normally-open air outlet, and a pressure relief valve is connected to the steam-water separator through a second normally-open air outlet;
and a normal-pressure steam outlet is formed in the steam-water separator and is connected to the first normally-open type gas outlet through a steam-water separator connecting pipe.
10. The energy saving boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the dust removing device comprises a dust remover spray tower, wherein:
a smoke inlet is formed in the lower part of the spray tower of the dust remover, and a smoke exhaust induced draft fan is arranged on the smoke inlet;
the upper part of the dust remover spray tower is connected with a cyclone dust remover through a pipeline, and an exhaust port is arranged on the cyclone dust remover;
the bottom of the spray tower of the dust remover is provided with a dust collector, the dust collector comprises a spray tower dust collector and a cyclone dust collector which are integrally arranged, the spray tower dust collector is connected with the spray tower of the dust remover, and a partition is arranged between the spray tower dust collector and the cyclone dust collector so as to ensure that the spray tower dust collector and the cyclone dust collector are only communicated at the lower part;
the cyclone dust collector is connected with the cyclone dust collector through a pipeline.
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