KR101295628B1 - Apparatus for burning solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A device to combust solid fuels is provided to improve combusting efficiency by completely combusting the solid fuel, preventing air pollution substances from discharging, and shortening the combusting time and to save energy required to combust. CONSTITUTION: A device (100) to combust solid fuels comprises a combusting chamber (140), a fuel input port (110), a transfer member, an air path (130), and a rotary main body (150). The rotary main body includes a cylindrical inner main body, a cylindrical outer main body, and a mixing chamber. An opening unit is formed to be connected to each mixing chamber in the inner main body. The air path is connected to a first gas flow path formed between the inner main body and the outer main body and the air can flow in the mixing chamber through the air path and the first gas flow path.

Description

Apparatus for burning solid fuel

The present invention relates to a solid fuel combustion device for burning solid fuel.

Recently, due to high oil prices, an alternative system capable of replacing a boiler system using oil is receiving attention, and in practice, various energy systems using solid fuel, solar energy, and wind power have been developed and commercialized.

In particular, a boiler system that obtains thermal energy by burning RPF (Refuse Plastic Fuel), which is a solid fuel produced by recycling household waste, has been in the spotlight. RPF, the fuel of such a system, is solid, has high density, has conveniences such as coke, pulverized coal, etc., and has excellent storage characteristics.

The RPF corresponds to a fuel product group that conforms to the product quality standard announced by the Ministry of Environment among solid fuel products produced by sorting, crushing, crushing and molding combustible industrial waste (PE, PP, PS, etc.), and RPF is a waste that is discarded. Its utility is very high in terms of reducing energy consumption and using it as a new energy source. However, since the fuel contains a large amount of various wastes, especially synthetic resin materials, it will be said that there are many disadvantages in the emission of air pollutants such as dioxins during incomplete combustion.

Conventional solid fuel combustion apparatus has a problem that the combustion efficiency is low because the complete combustion is not made in the combustion chamber, or a large amount of energy is required for the complete combustion. In addition, the conventional solid fuel combustion device has a problem that takes a lot of time and energy to rise to the desired combustion temperature in the combustion chamber.

Therefore, it is urgent to develop a combustion device having a low combustion of air pollutants and a high combustion efficiency by completely burning the solid fuel.

Republic of Korea Patent Application No. 10-2009-0036061

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a solid fuel combustion device capable of completely burning solid fuel and shortening combustion time to increase combustion efficiency.

According to an aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, a solid fuel combustion device, the combustion chamber in which the combustion of the solid fuel occurs; A fuel inlet disposed on one side of the combustion chamber and configured to inject solid fuel; Transfer means disposed adjacent to the fuel inlet and transferring the injected solid fuel to a combustion chamber; An air passage connected to the blower to inject air into the combustion chamber; A rotating body disposed inside the combustion chamber and connected to the motor to rotate; The rotating body includes a cylindrical inner body in which the solid fuel conveyed by the conveying means is accommodated; A cylindrical outer body having a larger diameter than the inner body; A plurality of mixing chambers disposed radially between the inner body and the outer body, each of which has a plurality of gas inlets formed on both sides thereof; And an opening connected to each of the mixing chambers in the inner body, and the air passage is connected with a first gas flow path formed between the inner body and the outer body, and the air passage and It may be introduced into the mixing chamber through the first gas flow path.

In addition, a second gas flow path is formed between the outer body and the inner wall of the combustion chamber, an opening connected to the mixing chamber and the second gas flow path is formed in the outer body, and the gas burned in the mixing chamber It may be discharged to the outside of the combustion chamber through the second gas flow path.

In addition, the inner body and the outer body has a form in which one end is inclined to collect, the air passage is connected to the first gas flow path across the center of the inner body.

In addition, the first air outlet means disposed at the end of the air passage and formed with a plurality of openings along the outer periphery; .

In addition, the second air outlet means disposed in the second gas flow channel adjacent to the outlet of the combustion chamber and formed with a plurality of openings along the outer periphery; Further, the first air outlet means is formed with an opening directed to the second air outlet means, the air can be introduced into the second air outlet means through the first air outlet means.

In addition, the conveying means is made of a conveying screw, attached to the outside of the air passage, the first air outlet means is attached to the end of the air passage, the air passage, the conveying screw and the first air outlet means Are rotated together.

The second air outlet means is also attached to an end of the outer body and rotates together with the outer body.

According to another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, the solid fuel combustion device is connected to the blower, the air passage for injecting air into the combustion chamber, and the inside of the combustion chamber disposed in the solid fuel is rotated in the state A rotating body including a cylindrical inner body, a cylindrical outer body, a plurality of mixing chambers disposed radially between the inner body and the outer body and having a plurality of gas inlets formed on both sides thereof. The solid fuel injected into the inner body may be moved to the mixing chamber and mixed and combusted with the air injected through the air passage.

In addition, a second gas flow path is formed between the outer body and the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and an opening connected to the mixing chamber and the second gas flow path is formed in the outer body, so that the gas burned in the mixing chamber It may be discharged to the outside of the combustion chamber through the second gas flow path.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a solid fuel combustion device capable of completely burning solid fuel, reducing emissions of air pollutants, shortening combustion time, increasing combustion efficiency, and reducing energy required for combustion.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a solid fuel combustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a combustion chamber part in FIG. 1.
3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line XX in FIG. 2.
4A is a front view of the mixing chamber shown in FIG. 2.
4B is a top view of the mixing chamber shown in FIG. 2.
4C is a side view of the mixing chamber shown in FIG. 2.
5A is a perspective view of the connecting member shown in FIG. 2.
5B is a front view of the connecting member shown in FIG. 2.
5C is a side view of the connecting member shown in FIG. 2.
5D is a plan view of the connecting member shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 3.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing temperature with time when burning solid fuel in the solid fuel combustion device of FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote like elements throughout the drawings.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a solid fuel combustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a combustion chamber part in FIG. 1. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line X-X in FIG. 4A is a front view of the mixing chamber shown in FIG. 2. 4B is a top view of the mixing chamber shown in FIG. 2. 4C is a side view of the mixing chamber shown in FIG. 2. 5A is a perspective view of the connecting member shown in FIG. 2. 5B is a front view of the connecting member shown in FIG. 2. 5C is a side view of the connecting member shown in FIG. 2. 5D is a plan view of the connecting member shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 3. FIG. 7 is a graph showing temperature with time when burning solid fuel in the solid fuel combustion device of FIG. 1.

Solid fuel combustion device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a device for obtaining thermal energy by burning a solid fuel. The obtained thermal energy can be used for various purposes such as generating steam to be used for electricity production. Solid fuel includes RPF (Refuse Plastic Fuel), a fuel processed from waste plastic, RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel), a fuel made by selecting only combustible materials from urban waste, pellets compressed from wood, waste tires, and charcoal. And the like can be used.

The solid fuel combustion device 100 is the fuel inlet 110, the conveying means 120, the air passage 130, the combustion chamber 140, the rotating body 150, the first air outlet means 170, the second air Outflow means 180 and the like.

The combustion chamber 140 is a place where combustion of solid fuel occurs and energy generated by combustion is discharged through the outlet 143, and may be formed in a hollow structure having an inner wall and an outer wall. Combustion chamber 140 is formed of a refractory material such as ceramic or clay.

The fuel inlet 110 is an inlet formed to inject solid fuel and is disposed at one side of the combustion chamber 140.

The transfer means 120 is disposed adjacent to the fuel inlet 110, and transfers the injected solid fuel to the combustion chamber 140. The conveying means 120 may consist of a conveying screw having a screw form, but other forms are possible. The conveying means (or the conveying screw) 120 may be power-connected with the motor 121 to transfer solid fuel to the combustion chamber 140 by the rotation of the motor 121. The feed screw 120 extends from the lower portion of the fuel inlet 110 to the inside of the combustion chamber 140.

The air passage 130 is connected to the blower 131 to inject air into the combustion chamber 140. The transfer screw 120 may be attached to the outside of the air passage 130. Accordingly, when the motor 121 rotates, the air passage 130 and the feed screw 120 may rotate together.

The rotating body 150 may be disposed inside the combustion chamber 140 and may be connected to the motor 142 to rotate. Rotating body 150 includes an inner body 151, an outer body 152, and a mixing chamber 154.

The inner body 151 is formed in a cylindrical shape in which the end is inclined and is a place where the solid fuel conveyed by the conveying screw 120 is accommodated. The outer body 152 is formed in a cylindrical shape in which the ends are inclined, and has a larger diameter than the inner body 151. A first gas flow path 153 is formed between the inner body 151 and the outer body 152.

The air passage 130 may extend across the inner body 151 to the end of the inner body 151. The first air outlet means 170 may be disposed at an end portion of the air passage 130. The first air outlet means 170 may be attached to an end of the air passage 130, and may rotate together as the feed screw 120 rotates.

The first air outlet means 170 may have a plurality of openings 170a formed along an outer circumference thereof. The air outlet means 170 may be connected to the first gas flow path 153 through the first air outlet means 170. The air blown through the air passage 130 may flow through the first gas flow path 153 as shown by an arrow through the opening 170a formed in the first air outlet means 170.

A plurality of mixing chambers 154 are disposed radially between the inner body 151 and the outer body 152. The mixing chamber 154 has a plurality of gas inlets 154a formed at both sides thereof.

The inner body 151 has an opening 151a connected to each mixing chamber 154. A connection member 160 connected to each mixing chamber 154 may be attached to a portion where the opening 151a is formed in the inner body 151. A plurality of openings 161a and 162a are formed in the connection member 160. Accordingly, the solid fuel transferred to the inner body 151 may be evenly distributed into the mixing chamber 154 through the openings 161a and 162a of the connecting member 160.

On the other hand, the air blown through the air passage 130 is discharged through the first air outlet means 170 and then flows through the first gas flow path 153, through the gas inlet 154a to each mixing chamber ( 154) can go into. In each of the mixing chambers 154, solid fuel and air meet to achieve active combustion.

The outer body 152 is formed with an opening 152a which is connected to each mixing chamber 154. Accordingly, the solid fuel combusted in each mixing chamber 154 is in a gas state, and the combustion chamber 140 is along the second gas flow path 145 formed between the outer body 152 and the inner wall of the combustion chamber 140. Flow to the outlet 143 of the) may be discharged to the outside. The hot gas discharged to the outside of the combustion chamber 140 may be heat exchanged by the heat exchange system 190 to produce energy.

The second air outlet means 180 may be disposed in the second gas flow passage 145 adjacent to the outlet 143 of the combustion chamber 140. The second air outlet means 180 may be attached to an end of the outer body 152 and rotate together with the outer body 152. A plurality of openings 180a are formed along the outer circumference of the second air outlet means 180.

Openings 170b and 170c directed to the second air outlet means 180 may be formed in the first air outlet means 170. Accordingly, some of the air transferred to the first air outlet means 170 through the air passage 130 is introduced into the mixing chamber 154 through the opening 170a, and some of the air is opened through the openings 170b and 170c. It may be transferred to the second air outlet means 180 through. A relatively large diameter opening 180b may be formed at the rear end of the second air outlet means 180 adjacent to the first air outlet means 170, and an opening 180c having a small diameter may be formed while entering. have. The opening 180c extends along the center and is connected to the opening 180a formed along the outer circumference.

The air transferred to the second air outlet means 180 may be discharged through the opening 180a to additionally supply oxygen to the hot combustion gas flowing through the second gas flow path 145. As a result, the solid fuel that is primarily burned in the mixing chamber 154 may be secondarily burned near the outlet 143 of the combustion chamber 140 to be completely burned.

3 and 4A-4C, the opening 154a formed in the mixing chamber 154 is slightly inclined toward the outer body 152. The angle α at which the opening 154a is inclined may be 10 to 30 degrees. The inclination of the opening 154a allows air to enter the mixing chamber 154 while the gas burned in the mixing chamber 154 by the force of the air enters well through the opening 152a of the outer body 152. It is intended to be discharged.

The mixing chamber 154 has an opening 154b connected to the inner body 151 and an opening 154c connected to the outer body 152. Accordingly, the solid fuel passes through the openings 161a and 162a formed in the connecting member 160 and into the mixing chamber 154 through the opening 151a of the inner body 151 and the opening 154b of the mixing chamber 154. After combustion, the gas may be discharged into the second gas flow path 145 through the opening 154c of the mixing chamber 154 and the opening 152a of the outer body 152 after combustion.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 5A to 5D, the connecting member 160 may have a semi-circular shape, and the counter-circular part 161 and the small semi-circular part 162 may be alternately repeated. At the end of the connection member 160, a protrusion 163 for fixing the connection member 160 may be formed. An opening (not shown) connected to the opening 151a of the inner body 151 is formed on the lower surface of the connection member 160.

An opening 161a is formed in the upper portion of the semi-circular portion 161 so as to communicate with the mixing chamber 154. The small semicircular portion 162 may be in a form in which a portion of the end is cut, and openings 162a may be formed at both ends of the cut portion. Accordingly, the connecting member 160 is formed with a plurality of spaced apart openings 161a and 162a connected to the mixing chamber 154. As such, forming the relatively small openings 161a and 162a in the connecting member 160 may allow the solid fuel transferred to the inner body 151 to be evenly distributed to enter each mixing chamber 154. To make it work.

Hereinafter, referring to FIGS. 1 to 6, a process in which solid fuel is combusted and discharged in the solid fuel combustion device 100 will be described sequentially.

The solid fuel introduced through the fuel inlet 110 is transferred to the inner body 151 in the combustion chamber 140 by the transfer screw 120. There is an ignition means 105 at the inlet of the combustion chamber 140, so that the solid fuel enters the inner body 151 in a state ignited by the ignition means 105. The ignition means 105 is initially stopped after operation for 10 to 20 seconds. At the inlet of the combustion chamber 140, the solid fuel is approximately 400 ° C., and the solid fuel is approximately 800 to 1100 ° C. in the combustion chamber 140.

Solid fuel entering the inner body 151 in the ignited state is evenly distributed to the respective mixing chambers 154 through the plurality of spaced openings 161a and 162a of the connecting member 160 as the rotating body 150 rotates. It can be well distributed. The connecting member 160 is formed in a semi-circular shape to make the jaw of a certain height. These jaws allow solid fuel to be evenly distributed into the mixing chamber 154 without entering the specific openings all at once.

The rotation direction of the feed screw 120 and the rotation direction of the rotation body 150 may be reversed. For example, when the feed screw 120 rotates in the counterclockwise direction, the rotating body 150 may rotate in the clockwise direction. The rotational speed may be about 15 to 25 times faster than the feed screw 120 of the rotating body 150. For example, when the rotating body 150 rotates at a speed of 1 rpm, the feed screw 120 may rotate at a speed of 20 rpm.

The solid fuel combusted in the inner body 151 is partly liquid and enters the mixing chamber 154, and partly is gas and enters the mixing chamber 154.

At this time, the air blown through the air passage 130 flows to the first gas flow path 153 through the opening 170a of the first air outlet means 170. Due to the pressure difference due to the combustion gas discharged from the mixing chamber 154, the air flows through the first gas flow path 153 formed between the inner body 151 and the outer body 152 to form respective mixing chambers ( It enters the mixing chamber 154 through the opening 154a of 154. Since the first air outlet means 170 is attached to the end of the air passage 130 and rotates together with the feed screw 120, the air discharged through the first air outlet means 170 may form a spiral flow. have.

This air is mixed with solid fuel (virtually, liquid or gaseous solid fuel) in the mixing chamber 154 to allow combustion to take place actively. Even though the solid fuel is melted and changed into a liquid phase, it is mostly changed into a gas state by combustion in the mixing chamber 154. Ash left by burning solid fuel may be accumulated in the lower portion 141 of the combustion chamber 140.

Combustion gas combusted in the mixing chamber 154 is discharged through the opening 152a of the outer body 152 and moved to the outlet 143 of the combustion chamber 140 along the second gas flow path 145 by the pressure difference. do.

Some of the air entering the first air outlet means 170 enters the second air outlet means 180 through the openings 170b and 170c. The air exiting through the opening 180a of the second air outlet means 180 is mixed with the combustion gas flowing along the second gas flow path 145 to combust the last remaining unburned solid fuel to enable complete combustion. As a result, the emission of air pollutants such as dioxins and nitrogen oxides is minimized. The temperature near the outlet 143 of the combustion chamber 140 becomes 1200-1700 degreeC. The amount of air moving from the first air outlet means 170 to the second air outlet means 180 may be adjusted by changing the number, size, direction, etc. of the openings.

Referring to the graph of FIG. 7, when 10 to 20 kg of solid fuel is added, the solid fuel ignited at about 400 ° C. by the ignition means 105 may reach up to about 1200 ° C. in 20 minutes in the rotating body 150. The temperature rises. The solid fuel may rise to 1700 ° C. near the outlet 143 of the combustion chamber 140 after 30 minutes. In the solid fuel combustion device 100 of the present invention, the conventional solid fuel combustion device rises to a high temperature as compared with the temperature rising to about 1100 ° C., and the temperature rises more rapidly. This is because solid fuel is efficiently distributed to each mixing chamber 154 and is completely burned with oxygen in a space partitioned by the mixing chamber 154.

According to the solid fuel combustion apparatus 100 as described above, the rotating body 150 is disposed in the combustion chamber 140, and the mixing chamber 154 radially spaced is disposed in the rotating body 150. Solid fuel introduced into the inner body 151 of the combustion chamber 140 is evenly distributed to each mixing chamber 154 while the inner body 151 rotates. At this time, the oxygen introduced into the mixing chamber 154 meets the solid fuel and may be efficiently burned. The combusted gas again meets with oxygen supplied through the second air outlet means 180 near the outlet 143 of the combustion chamber 140, and the remaining unburned fuel is also combusted, thereby completely exhausting and significantly reducing the emission of air pollutants. Can be reduced.

In addition, in the conventional solid fuel combustion apparatus, the thermal power must be continuously supplied into the combustion chamber to combust the solid fuel, but in the solid fuel combustion apparatus 100 of the present invention, the ignition means 105 at the inlet of the combustion chamber 140. The ignited solid fuel is then actively burned without the need for thermal power, allowing complete combustion with less energy.

In the solid fuel combustion device 100 having such a configuration, energy required for combustion may be reduced, and more energy may be produced according to minimization of air pollutant emission, shortening of combustion time, and high temperature of the discharged combustion gas.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention will be.

100: solid fuel combustion device
105: ignition means
110: fuel inlet
120: feed screw
130: air passage
131: blower
140: combustion chamber
143: exit
145: second gas flow path
150: rotating body
151: internal body
151a: opening
152: external body
153: first gas flow path
153a: opening
154: mixing chamber
154a: opening
160: connecting member
161a, 162a: opening
170: first air outlet means
170a, 170b, 170c: opening
180: second air outlet means
180a, 180b, 180c: opening
190: heat exchange system

Claims (9)

In a solid fuel combustion device,
Combustion chambers where combustion of solid fuel occurs;
A fuel inlet disposed on one side of the combustion chamber and configured to inject solid fuel;
Transfer means disposed adjacent to the fuel inlet and transferring the injected solid fuel to a combustion chamber;
An air passage connected to the blower to inject air into the combustion chamber;
A rotating body disposed inside the combustion chamber and connected to the motor to rotate;
Lt; / RTI >
The rotating body,
A cylindrical inner body accommodating the solid fuel conveyed by the conveying means;
A cylindrical outer body having a larger diameter than the inner body;
A plurality of mixing chambers disposed radially between the inner body and the outer body, each of which has a plurality of gas inlets formed on both sides thereof;
Lt; / RTI >
The inner body is formed with an opening connected to each of the mixing chamber,
The air passage is connected to a first gas flow path formed between the inner body and the outer body, the air can be introduced into the mixing chamber through the air passage and the first gas flow path. Combustion device. The method of claim 1,
A second gas flow path is formed between the outer body and the inner wall of the combustion chamber,
The outer body is formed with an opening connected to the mixing chamber and the second gas flow path,
And a gas combusted in the mixing chamber may be discharged out of the combustion chamber through the second gas flow path. The method of claim 2,
The inner body and the outer body has a form in which one side end is inclined,
And the air passage is connected with the first gas passage across the center of the inner body. The method of claim 3,
First air outlet means disposed at an end of the air passage and having a plurality of openings formed along an outer periphery;
Solid fuel combustion device further comprising. 5. The method of claim 4,
Second air outlet means disposed in the second gas flow passage adjacent to the outlet of the combustion chamber and having a plurality of openings formed along an outer periphery;
Further comprising:
The first air outlet means is formed with an opening directed to the second air outlet means, through which the air can flow into the second air outlet means through the first air outlet means. The method according to claim 4 or 5,
The conveying means consists of a conveying screw, attached to the outside of the air passage, and the first air outlet means is attached to an end of the air passage, so that the air passage, the conveying screw and the first air outlet means together Rotating solid fuel combustion device. The method of claim 5,
And said second air outlet means is attached to an end of said outer body and rotates together with said outer body. In a solid fuel combustion device,
An air passage connected to the blower to inject air into the combustion chamber, and a rotating body disposed inside the combustion chamber and rotating in a state in which solid fuel is injected;
The rotating body includes a cylindrical inner body, a cylindrical outer body, a plurality of mixing chambers disposed radially between the inner body and the outer body and formed with a plurality of gas inlets on both sides, the solid introduced into the inner body And fuel can be moved to the mixing chamber to be mixed and combusted with the air injected through the air passage. 9. The method of claim 8,
A second gas flow path is formed between the outer body and the inner wall of the combustion chamber,
And an opening connected to the mixing chamber and the second gas flow path in the outer body, and the gas burned in the mixing chamber may be discharged to the outside of the combustion chamber through the second gas flow path.

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