KR101388159B1 - Reducing device for odor and toxin from algae - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a low-cost, high-efficiency device for reducing bad odor and toxin from algae and controlling annual toxic algae bloom and supplements the weakness of conventional methods for reducing bad odor and toxin from algae. The device for reducing bad odor and toxin from algae includes a column tube a part of which is arranged underwater and which has an inner space and a column tube circulation hole for circulating surrounding water; a light-emitting lamp arranged inside the column tube; a water ball which is connected to the upper part of the column tube on the surface of the water and has a water ball circulation hole for circulating air; a ball cover trapping bad odor materials by covering the water ball; a floating material which is fixed to the lower part of the ball cover and supplies buoyancy; and a photocatalyst tube which is inserted into the water ball and the surroundings of the light-emitting lamp.

Description

Reducing device for odor and toxin from algae}

The present invention relates to an algae-derived odor toxin reduction device, and more particularly, a photocatalyst column which can control the activity of algae and algae-derived toxins, a capture type photocatalyst umbrella which can reduce the odor caused by algae, And it relates to an algae-derived odor toxin reduction device composed of an ultrasonic wave floating body that can float in the water phase and control the algae.

Spreading algae leads to eutrophication of lakes or streams, accelerating algal blooms and lowering dissolved oxygen levels, causing odors and fish to die, as well as reducing the triglycerides of sediments that have precipitated. And while manganese is converted into a divalent ionic state, the result is eluted back into the water, worsening the water quality. In addition, it affects the water quality of the source water, and acts as an obstacle to improving the water quality of tap water. In particular, when water with increased green algae is used as a source of water, filter water is blocked, resulting in deterioration of treated water due to algae odor, harmful substances, and the like. In addition, there are many problems in the water purification process, which threaten the safety of health and increase the disinfection by-products due to the increase of the concentration of organic matter in the water.

Another consequence of eutrophication is the effect of toxins secreted by some algae. When the toxin kills aquatic organisms such as fish and is used for drinking water, livestock also die, and there are reports that mutants have been detected in water where a large amount of algae has occurred. It is very rare for humans to drink a large amount of cyanobacteria and produce acute toxicity, but if such water is used as a source of water, it may be exposed to humans even in small amounts depending on the level of water treatment.

In Australia, the National Eutrophication Management Program (NEMP), which studies the causes and consequences of algae outbreaks, the extent of damage, and the impact on water quality, calculates the actual cost impacts of algae outbreaks in the community. It was. This suggests that eutrophication is becoming a problem not only for the residents of rural areas or rivers, but also for the entire watershed by increasing costs such as water supply. As a result of their cost estimates, they were estimated to be about W180bn-250bn, excluding damages from aquaculture and tourism.

Soil and fungal odors and tastes are caused by algae and actinomycetes, and although very limited, mold is also involved. Soil, moldy taste and odor cause more problems than public waterworks than any other odor form, and algae that produce soil, moldy compounds, especially geosmin and MIB (Methylisoborneol), are particularly aanabena restricted to abaena and Oscillatoria. Probably the most difficult problem to identify in traditional water treatment, that is, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria, which produce geosmin and MIB, which cause soil and mold odors, to cause the most biologically unpleasant taste and smell in drinking water. It became.

The main causes of this odor are by-products produced by microorganisms such as 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), trans-1,10-dimethyl-trans-9-decalol (GSM, geosmin), isopropyl methoxy pyrazine (IPMP), trichloroanisole (TCA) Etc. are included. Among these, MIB and GSM are by-products produced by cyanobacteria and actinomycetes and are the most common odorants. Even very low concentrations produce unpleasant tastes and odors. The threshold concentration that humans can detect is typically 4-10 ng / L.

Traditional water treatment processes such as flocculation, precipitation and filtration are difficult to remove geosmine or MIB. By using various concentrations of aluminum sulfate, it is not removed even in the aggregation conditions and pH range. Conventional oxidizers such as chlorine, chlorine dioxide and potassium permanganate cannot remove these materials efficiently.

MIB and GSM have a relatively low molecular weight and have moderate hydrophobicity and solubility. Air deaeration is not an economical way of eliminating them because the Henry's constants of MIB and GSM are very low. The use of powder or granular activated carbon (PAC / GAC) adsorption can remove most odorous substances, but very high amounts are required and their efficiency is lowered by other organics present in the water. Chlorine and chlorine oxide treatments are inefficient for the appropriate amounts of MIB and GSM treatments, but ozone, a powerful oxidant, can effectively decompose them. Many water treatment plants use ozone for the purpose of deactivating pathogens, improving TOC removal, mineral oxidation, and synthetic organic matter oxidation. But organic matter dissolved in raw water can quickly deplete ozone, resulting in insufficient oxidation of MIB and GSM.

In the operation of water treatment plants, the biggest problem with water treatment plants caused by algae is taste and smell. In addition to the removal of the algae itself, in order to remove dissolved organic substances such as taste odors (2-MIB and geosmin) and microcystine generated from the algae, improvement of existing processes such as advanced oxidation or activated carbon adsorption processes are required. Currently, general water treatment plants are taking deep water in the event of algae, chlorine treatment, activated carbon treatment, etc.However, as the current trend is intensified and prolonged, it is impossible to control the algae. There is a need to establish fundamental and groundbreaking alternatives to minimize the impacts.

Generally, algae control includes physical control such as aeration, electromagnetic waves, and light shielding, chemical control using oxidizing agents and flocculants, and biological control using bacteria and natural organisms. The chemical treatment method is a method that can control algae in a short time and is widely used at home and abroad, and mainly ocher, flocculant, copper sulfate, chlorine, ozone and the like are used.

Ocher is used for many purposes such as medical care and beauty in real life, while it is inexpensive and can be controlled in a short period of time when algae occurs, but it tends to be excessively injected into the water supply. Considering the fact that flocculant does not affect algae cells and does not secrete substances such as EOM, research on algae control using flocculant and diatomaceous earth has been conducted.

If copper sulphate is used, it must be injected into water before algae develop. If algae is generated in large quantities, injecting copper sulfate dissociates the toxic substances generated by algae in water, which may cause adverse effects.

Natural algicide is a fast and proven method of extracting chemicals from natural products such as plants, fruits and microorganisms and spraying them directly on the water bodies. However, they show only one-off effects and are expensive, and some substances are difficult to decompose and accumulate in rivers, causing bioaccumulation through the food chain, causing secondary pollution problems.

In addition, the civil engineering approach, such as the installation of artificial islands and the installation of a light shielding film, must prevent the inflow of solar irradiation over a large area and also have a disadvantage in that the installation cost is high. In addition, the deep aeration method to supply oxygen can be effective only when the depth of the water within 5m, and other methods of vegetation by water grass vegetation also has the disadvantage that maintenance is very difficult when water pool breeding by nutrients.

Photochemical process of advanced oxidation method is actively researched using photocatalyst. Among them, photocatalytic research using environmentally friendly and economical photovoltaic research is carried out. Photocatalyst research using UV in photovoltaic is a photocatalytic process using ultraviolet light in the wavelength range of 293 ~ 400nm among sunlight emitted on the surface. It is applied to groundwater purification using solar light, water purification treatment and removal of toxic organic substances from surface water. Photocatalytic reaction using solar light was conducted under TiO ₂ or TiB ₂ Alternatively, photocatalysts such as WO ₃ based on Pd promoter can be used to produce hydroxyl radicals (OH) with strong oxidizing power. There is an advantage.

Photocatalytic reactions involve complex radical reactions, but the exact reaction mechanism has not yet been identified, but irradiation with ultraviolet rays above the band-gap energy inherent in the semiconductor metal oxides results in a transition from the valence band to the conduction band. It is known that the holes and electrons generated when electrons are transferred react with the adsorbed material adsorbed on the surface of the semiconductor, and OH radicals and superoxide radicals are known to cause strong oxidation reactions. This potent microbial bactericidal effect was observed. Early studies on bactericidal effects reported that Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Eschericia coli, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Chlorella vulgaris have bactericidal effects through photochemical reactions. However, the sterilization method developed and used until now is a chemical process, which involves high cost and difficulty in operating the process.

Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1231977

An object of the present invention is to provide a high efficiency and low cost algae-derived toxic toxin abatement apparatus that compensates for and improves the disadvantages of the above-mentioned abatement methods to control algal phenomena generated annually and to reduce odorous substances, toxins, etc. generated by algae. Is in providing.

The present invention for achieving the above object is, a portion of which is disposed in the water and has a space therein, the holding tube having a holding tube distribution hole through which water can flow; A light emitting lamp disposed inside the holding tube; A water bowl connected to an upper portion of the holding tube and having a water bowl distribution hole disposed on the surface of the water and capable of circulating air; A cover for covering the water droplets to collect odorous substances; A float fixed to the lower portion of the Paul cover to supply buoyancy; And a photocatalyst tube charged into the periphery of the light emitting lamp and the water bowl in the support tube.

An ultrasonic generator is connected to the floating body.

In addition, the holding tube is characterized in that the weight is installed to maintain the posture.

In addition, the photocatalyst tube is characterized in that the transparent tube coated with any one of TiO ₂ , TiB ₂ , Pd / WO 3 (WO ₃ added with a Pd promoter).

In addition, the water bowl is characterized in that it is arranged to be spaced apart from the water surface.

Through the present invention, it is possible to replace the purification control methods that are expensive, difficult to maintain and the secondary pollution and can easily control algae and algae-derived materials. In addition, during the daytime, the device can be operated only with sunlight, allowing for non-powered operation. At night, oxidative decomposition through photovoltaic power supply is achieved, and a beautiful night view can be created by lighting, further enhancing the value of the clean water body. Can be.

1 is a schematic diagram of the algae-derived malodor toxin reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to designate the same or similar components, and the same reference numerals will be used to designate the same or similar components. Detailed descriptions of known functions and configurations are omitted.

Algae-derived odor toxin reduction device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large portion of the holding tube 116 is located in the water, and the holding water pipe (104) connected to the holding tube 116 is located in the water phase It is made, including.

The strut tube 116 is a tubular body, part of which is disposed in the water and part of which is exposed over the surface of the water. The light emitting lamp 110 is disposed at the inner center of the support tube 116, and the photocatalyst tube 114 is filled in a space defined by an inner wall of the support tube 116 and an outer wall of the light emitting lamp 110.

The holding tube 116 has a holding tube distribution hole (not shown) so that water can move freely therein. The contaminated water introduced into the support tube 116 through the support tube distribution hole oxidizes algae and algae-derived toxins by the light emitting lamp 110 and the photocatalyst tube 114. In particular, the holding tube 116 is preferably made of a transparent body so that sunlight can be directly incident.

Since the holding tube 116 may be shaken or rolled over by water flow, a weight 118 is preferably mounted to maintain a safe balance in the water.

The light emitting lamp 110 uses a UV lamp, the light irradiated from the light emitting lamp 110 has a wavelength of 200 ~ 400nm having a germicidal power. In addition, it is also possible to use a UV lamp having a wavelength of 130 ~ 242nm as the light emitting lamp (110). In this case, ozone (O3) is generated by reaction with oxygen (O2) present in the air or in water, and oxidative decomposition of algae, toxins, and odorous substances can be performed by the strong oxidizing power of the generated ozone.

The water bowl 104 is fixed to the top of the holding tube 116 integrally. The water bowl 104 may have a shape of a polygonal pyramid, a cone, or a semi-spherical shape, or may have a container or plate shape with an open top. The photocatalyst tube 114 is disposed inside or above the water bowl 104.

In addition, the water bowl 104 is formed of a water distribution box (not shown) so that the air can be distributed, the water bowl 104 is preferably made of a transparent body so that sunlight can be directly incident.

In addition, a Paul cover 102 is disposed on the surface of the water drop 104 to cover the water drop 104 to collect malodorous substances and to deliver the malodorous substance to the water drop 104. As a result, the algae-derived toxic toxin reduction device 100 has the shape of an umbrella by the support tube 116, the water bowl 104, and the Paul cover 102. In addition, the Paul cover 102 is also preferably made of a transparent body so that sunlight can be directly incident. The Paul cover 102 is formed with a discharge hole so that the air from which the odor is removed can be discharged. In addition, when the water bowl 104 has an open container or plate shape, the Paul cover 102 may be made of a support frame such as an umbrella, and may be fixed by covering the Paul cover 102 thereon. have.

At the lower end of the Paul cover 102, a floating body 106 for supplying buoyancy to the algae-derived odor toxin reduction device 100 is disposed. Since the floating body 106 is a known technique, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. It is also possible that the floating body 106 is installed directly on the water bowl 104.

In addition, the ultrasonic generator 108 is connected to the floating body 106 and serves to oxidize contaminants through ultrasonic generation. The ultrasonic generator 108 is a well-known technique, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The photocatalyst tube 114 is preferably made of a transparent tube made of quartz or polycarbonate, and the photocatalyst tube 114 is coated with any one of TiB ₂ and Pd / WO 3 (WO ₃ added with a Pd promoter). Is produced.

The ultrasonic generator 108 and the light emitting lamp 110 are controlled by a controller electrically connected, and the control unit is arbitrarily manipulated by a user or the ultrasonic generator 108 and the light emitting lamp 110 in a preset time range. ) Can be turned on and off.

The algae-derived odor toxin reduction device 100 is operated only by sunlight in the daytime, and supplies power from the outside during cloudy, emergency or nighttime operation. The power may be stored in advance through solar power using day time.

During the presence of sunlight, the photocatalyst tube 114 generates hydroxyl radicals and oxidizes blue algae such as Microcystis species present in the water. It also removes algae toxins such as microcystin, anatoxin, and saxitoxin, which are contained in algae.

Photocatalytic method using solar light is a way to solve these difficulties. It is an eco-friendly advanced oxidation method that has unlimited resources and does not cause pollutants.

The difference of the efficiency to remove according to sunlight intensity is large. In general, the UV intensity of the sunny weather condition is 0.372 ~ 2.265 ㎽ / ㎠, the slightly cloudy days the UV intensity of 0.144 ~ 1.809 ㎽ / ㎠, the cloudy day the UV intensity of 0.038 ~ 1.129 ㎽ / ㎠. Since the light amount of one UV-A lamp at an irradiation distance of 30 cm is S0.49 × 10 ⁻² mW / cm 2, there is a high possibility that sunlight can be applied to a photocatalyst system before and after noon when the intensity of sunlight is strongest during sunshine.

In order for the titanium oxide-based visible light-responsive photocatalyst to cause a sufficient reaction, illuminance of 6,000 LUX or more is required. Normally, at noon in June, the solar light intensity was 100,000 to 120,000 LUX on sunny days, 100,000 to 50,000 LUX on sunny days, 50,000 to 10,000 LUX on cloudy days, and 20,000 to 5,000 LUX on rainy days.

In addition, the ultrasonic generator 108 is a multi-wavelength ultrasonic oscillation in the generator (Generator) and multi-wavelength high pressure ultrasound is delivered to the water by a transducer submerged in water, the range of the effect of the effect depending on the type of equipment is 10 ~ 185m Delivered to. Underwater vibration caused by multi-frequencies high pressure ultrasound causes damage to algae's vacuoles and cell membranes and eventually destroys and dies. Ultrasonic irradiation, one of the advanced oxidation techniques, has been used in a single process or in combination with ozone, UV and photocatalysts for the oxidation of organic matter, the destruction of pathogens and the treatment of purified water / wastewater. Compared to other technologies, ultrasonics do not require the addition of chemicals and can also be used for the treatment of turbid solutions. Ultrasonic irradiation raises gas bubbles and promotes bursts, creating extreme conditions (5000K, 1000 atm) that break down water to produce H and OH radicals. In most cases, the sonication pathways of dissolved organics observed in aqueous solutions include OH radical generation, pyrolysis, supercritical oxidation.

Ultrasound irradiation quickly and effectively breaks down cyanobacterial toxins produced by cyanobacteria. Decomposition of MIB and GSM by ultrasonic irradiation can infer the degradation path of MIB and GSM by identifying several degradation products.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It can be understood that

100: algae odor toxin reduction device 102: Paul cover
104: award Paul 106: floating body
108: ultrasonic generator 110: light emitting lamp
114: photocatalyst tube 116: holding tube
118: weight

Claims (5)

A holding tube having a portion disposed underwater and having a space therein and having a holding tube distribution hole through which water is circulated;
A light emitting lamp disposed inside the holding tube;
A water bowl connected to an upper portion of the holding tube and having a water bowl distribution hole disposed on the surface of the water and capable of circulating air;
A cover for covering the water droplets to collect odorous substances;
A float fixed to the lower portion of the Paul cover to supply buoyancy; And
Algae-derived toxic toxin reduction device comprising a photocatalyst tube charged in the surrounding of the light emitting lamp and the water phase in the holding tube.
According to claim 1, Algae-derived bad smell toxin reduction apparatus, characterized in that the ultrasonic generator is connected to the floating body.

According to claim 1, Algae-derived bad smell toxin reduction apparatus, characterized in that the weight is installed on the holding tube to maintain the posture.
According to claim 1, wherein the photocatalyst tube Algae-derived odor toxin reduction apparatus characterized in that the coating of any one of TiO ₂ , TiB ₂ , Pd / WO ₃ to the transparent tube.
The algae-derived odor toxin reduction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the water bowl is disposed to be spaced apart from the water surface.

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