KR101346599B1 - Processing method of organic fertilizer of pellet type - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a pellet type organic fertilizer using High Nitrogen (HN) having a high content of nitrogen, the method comprises processes for: mixing 3-5 wt% of the HN, which is obtained by straining castor bean oil cakes through a sieve and has nitrogen more than 8 wt%, 7-8 wt% of rice bran, and 87-90 wt% of the castor bean oil cakes while adding water; shaping a mixture; cooling and drying the mixture. The method for manufacturing the pellet type organic fertilizer using HN, which is is isolated from the castor bean oil cakes and has a high content of nitrogen and physical properties of high processing quality, in the present invention is effective in preventing the increase of manufacturing costs since the organic fertilizer meeting the official standard of commercial fertilizer can be manufactured using the castor bean oil cakes, not soybean cakes or vegetable seed oil cakes priced more than two times than the castor bean oil cakes. And the issues of productivity of the organic fertilizer and a guarantee of a nitrogen component can be resolved at the same time due to an excellent pellet process quality and a high content of nitrogen of the HN. Also, the method has an effect in preventing the distribution of organic fertilizers manufactured using bad raw materials, below official standard of commercial fertilizer, due to the burden of manufacturing costs by price control.

Description

Processing method of organic fertilizer of pellet type using pellets with high nitrogen content and good pellet processing aptitude (Higｈ Ｎｉｔｒｏｇｅｎ)

The present invention has a high nitrogen content obtained from castor oil foil, and the organic fertilizer of the fertilizer process standard using HN is higher than that of castor oil fertilizer (pure organic fertilizer, mixed oil fertilizer, organic compound fertilizer, etc.). ) And a organic fertilizer (mixed organic fertilizer, mixed oil fertilizer, organic compound fertilizer, etc.) prepared by the method.

By-product fertilizers are classified into organic fertilizers and organic fertilizers. Animal manure compost and general compost containing a certain amount of animal meal belong to organic fertilizers, and fertilizers made from raw raw vegetable residues (e.g. castor oil, rapeseed oil, etc.) specified in the Fertilizer Process Standard are organic fertilizers. to be. Organic fertilizers referred to in the present invention refers to mixed organic fertilizers, mixed oil fertilizers, organic compound fertilizers, etc. These are fertilizers belonging to the above by-product fertilizer in a broad sense.

From the 1960s to the 1990s, during the birth and growth of the domestic chemical fertilizer industry, and the early 2000s, during the maturity of Korea, agriculture in Korea was aimed at high yields depending on abundantly supplied chemical fertilizers. Degraded. Such lowering of intelligence caused side effects such as collective problems in adaptability of pests such as disease resistance and insect resistance. In order to improve this problem, since the late 2000s, it is recommended to use environmentally friendly fertilizers such as organic fertilizers or organic fertilizers (compost, etc.) instead of conventional chemical fertilizers, and pay a certain amount of government subsidies for eco-friendly fertilizers. The government is carrying out work to improve the intellect of farmland.

Increasing public interest in eco-friendly agricultural products and payment of government subsidies have led to an increase in the use of organic fertilizers and organic fertilizers.

However, organic fertilizers that are paid by government subsidies are supplied by a systematic contract between fertilizer producers and fertilizer distributors and agricultural cooperatives, so the organic fertilizer sales price of fertilizer producers and fertilizer sellers depends on product quality. The price of organic fertilizers for each fertilizer producer and fertilizer seller is about the same, not determined by price competition, but by the system contract price with the NACF, which is authorized by the government with price control.

As a result, fertilizer producers have no choice but to produce organic fertilizers by selecting only the fertilizer raw materials that meet the production cost from the fertilizer process standards within the systemic contract price with the Agricultural Cooperatives. Due to the problem, the choice of fertilizer raw materials is fundamentally limited, and thus, the technical, managerial, and economic difficulties in the production of organic fertilizers.

Due to the difficulty in the production cost under the control price under the system contract, fertilizer producers are not organic fertilizer raw materials, which are prescribed in the fertilizer process standard operated by the RDA, and are not phosphorescent raw materials. It is also true that there are many cases of illegal use of food wastes.

First of all, the technical difficulty is that most organic fertilizer producers lower the production cost of organic fertilizers and consider the expensive fermented soybean oil from castor oil, which is a raw material in the fertilizer process standard, in consideration of guarantee of nitrogen content in organic fertilizer (4.5 wt%). As a vegetable residue from milking, inexpensive and high nitrogen-rich castor oil can only be used as a raw material for organic fertilizers (more than 8% by weight of rice bran) .The castor oil has very high fiber content in its shell. High physical properties are very rough. As a result, the organic fertilizer, which has a pellet form in the pellet forming process, has a high frictional force with the pellet forming machine and a longer time passing through the pellet forming machine, and thus, the yield of organic fertilizer per unit time naturally decreases. In addition, there is a problem that results in severe wear of the pellet forming machine and related machines resulting in shortening the life of the production machine.

As a by-product of oil squeezing, it is cheaper than soybean meal, rapeseed, palm and palm gourd. The reason is that castor oil is an anti-nutrition factor because it contains anti-nutritional factors. This is because it cannot be used, and the reason why the castor oil foil is used as the main raw material of organic fertilizer is that the nitrogen content is high, close to about 5% by weight, despite the low price.

If the sum of nutrients of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and Kali is more than 7% by weight in the fertilizer process standard, there is no problem in the law. You can think of organic fertilizers, but you should use rice bran with high phosphoric acid content to increase the phosphoric acid content under the control price under the system contract. Raw materials with high constituents cannot be used as raw materials because their price is more than twice as high as that of Castor oil Fak. Actually, phosphorus fertilizers with high phosphoric acid content that are produced and used are supplied with phosphorus (P) which cannot be legally used as raw materials for organic fertilizers. Cause It can only be called fertilizer manufactured using phosphorescent ore. Of course, there will be no such problem if you do not have price restrictions. In other words, it is a difficult task to develop a raw material that is affordable and meets the nutritional requirements of the law, and has high productivity. In view of the above circumstances, the organic fertilizer in the form of pellets in the present invention is the most circulated and fertilizer preferred by farmers in the field that guarantees the nitrogen content of 4.5% by weight or more and the phosphoric acid and Kali content of 1.5% by weight or more. . However, in order to improve the properties of pellet processing of castor oil, and to improve productivity by reducing the coefficient of friction with the pellet forming machine, the content of rice bran containing oil is increased to 10% by weight or more to improve the physical properties of castor oil. If the content of the oil foil is lowered to 90% by weight or less, the physical properties are improved, but since the castor oil is the main source of nitrogen in the organic fertilizer, there is a problem that the nitrogen content of the organic fertilizer cannot be guaranteed at 4.5% by weight or more.

As a result, organic fertilizer producers are inversely proportional to the improvement of properties (pellet processability) and guarantee of nitrogen content depending on the usage of castor oil so that they can meet the fertilizer process specifications and maintain high productivity and production costs. Clearly, solving is a very important task.

However, it is not yet possible to develop a solution in the production process for the above problems arising from the production of organic fertilizers made from castor oil.

However, although there is a method of mixing a certain amount of soybean meal or rapeseed oil with raw materials in the fertilizer process standard and high nitrogen content in pellet production by reducing the amount of castor oil, the price of soybean or rapeseed oil is higher than that of the castor oil. This is two to three times higher, which significantly increases the cost of production, making it difficult for fertilizer producers to apply this method realistically.

Therefore, the technology of producing organic fertilizers within the range that does not increase the productivity without legitimately increasing the production cost with legitimate raw materials in the fertilizer process standard is a homework of the fertilizer producers. The development of these production processes may also be a measure to prevent the use of illegal raw materials that are not in the fertilizer process standard.

Patent Application Publication No. 10-0596692

The inventors of the present invention endeavored to solve a phenomenon in which the improvement of the properties and the guarantee of nitrogen content incurred when producing organic fertilizers using Castor oil were maintained so as to meet the fertilizer process standard while maintaining high productivity and production cost at an appropriate level. Meanwhile, when comparing the components of the epidermis (shell) and the substances in the epidermis, the substances in the epidermis are more than twice as high in nitrogen as those of the epidermis, and the physical properties for pelletization are relatively excellent. In this study, it was found that the skin and the material in the epidermis can be easily separated by a simple operation. To solve the problems of the present invention.

Based on this, the improvement of the properties and the guarantee of nitrogen content caused by the use of castor oil foil produced in the production of organic fertilizer have been solved in inverse proportion to the fertilizer process standard, while improving productivity and maintaining production costs at an appropriate level. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing fertilizer and organic fertilizer produced by the method.

The organic fertilizer manufacturing method of the present invention is a method for producing HN from castor oil foil by the separation method through sieving and the raw material composition of the organic fertilizer is 3 to 5% by weight of HN obtained from castor oil foil, 7 to 8 rice bran It consists of including the process which consists of a weight% and 87-90 weight% of castor oil foils.

The material obtained through the sieving from the Castor oil Fructus in a method as described below is called HN (High Nitrogen) in the present invention.

According to the revised fertilizer process standards, organic fertilizers, which are organic fertilizers, are raw materials such as fishmeal, bone meal, dragon oil meal, soybean meal, rapeseed oil meal, cottonseed oil meal, oil jelly, peanut oil meal, castor oil meal, rice bran oil, rice bran, corn gourd, palm gourd and palm. It is regulated to make at least 7% by weight of the total amount of nitrogen, total phosphate, and calorie by using two or more kinds of gourd, processed flour, thickened leather powder and beer sludge. Mixed fertilizers, fertilizers, soybean meal, soybean meal, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, salt jelly, peanut oil foil, castor oil, rice bran oil, rice bran, corn gourd, palm gourd and palm gourd In addition, it is prescribed | regulated to manufacture so that the sum of 2 or more types of a calibration amount may be 7 weight% or more.

However, the above-mentioned materials that can be used as raw materials for mixed organic fertilizers and mixed oil fertilizers, in the structure where the government and the Agricultural Cooperatives control prices through systemic contracts, first, production cost, and second, when manufacturing the fertilizer in pellet form Third, the total content of two or more of the physical properties, the total amount of nitrogen, the total amount of phosphate, and the total amount of caliber are specified to be 7% by weight or more, and the ratio of the content of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and Kali which is most preferred by farmers is 4.5% by weight. Considering that all of them are 1.5% by weight: 1.5% by weight, the optimum combination is a mixture of 92% by weight of castor oil and 8% by weight of rice bran, which is an optimal combination considering the above three conditions.

However, due to the poor physical properties of Azzurri Fructus, the optimum combination does not consider the ratio of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and kali (4.5 wt%: 1.5 wt%: 1.5 wt%), and it is the best combination that considers only the physical properties to increase productivity. Nitrogen content can be assured at 4.5 weight% or more, compared with the case where 90 weight% of oil foil and 10 weight% of rice bran are mixed, and productivity reduces 20% or more. On the contrary, in order to increase the productivity by satisfying the physical properties, when the mixture is prepared in 90% by weight of castor oil and 10% by weight of rice bran, the physical properties are improved due to the oil content of rice bran. Although the nitrogen content is increased to 4.24% by weight, the target nitrogen content does not meet the 4.5% by weight. In other words, it is very difficult to determine the mixing ratio of raw materials of organic fertilizers to find the optimal combination between productivity and nitrogen content guarantee related to physical properties in the reality that Castor oil must be used as the basic raw material of organic fertilizer.

Of course, as described above, the use of raw materials with high nitrogen and good physical properties such as soybean meal and rapeseed oil can alleviate the inverse phenomenon between physical properties and guarantee of nitrogen content, but they are very expensive compared to castor oil. Under the same government's price control, there is a problem that it is not easy to use as a raw material, and in the case of a raw material having only good physical properties, there is a disadvantage in that it cannot guarantee the nitrogen content.

Therefore, most of the fertilizer producers use only Castor oil and rice bran to reduce productivity, and find realistic rational components that can guarantee nitrogen content according to their production conditions.

Thus, the present inventors can guarantee the nitrogen content of 4.5% or more (1.5% by weight of phosphoric acid or Kali component, respectively, if the nitrogen content is guaranteed, which is guaranteed in most raw materials), and the physical properties are reduced to 10% by weight while minimizing the production cost. HN obtained by sifting castor oil was not only low in production cost but also in nitrogen while trying to find a manufacturing method of fertilizer that can secure the same level of physical properties (productivity) as possible when it is mixed and can meet the fertilizer process standard. It is more than 8% by weight, and knows that the physical properties are also excellent because the skin properties are so rough that the productivity is extremely reduced, and the production cost is not increased while meeting the fertilizer process standard using HN obtained from castor oil. And organic fertilizers capable of guaranteeing 4.5% by weight or more of nitrogen components without compromising productivity. How it was led to that.

In the present invention, the method of obtaining HN from Castor oil and the separation ratio of HN are as follows. In the present invention, since the invention is characterized by obtaining HN from castor oil and using it as a raw material of organic fertilizer, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the method of obtaining HN from castor oil which is shown as an example in the present invention. Do not.

First, in a laboratory, put 200g of Castor oil with mixed cake lumps in Testing Sieve with 2.0mm aperture and 0.9mm wire dia. Rub cake lumps by hand. While shaking the hand 30 times from side to side on the newspaper, you can get about 30g of HN in the form of fine powder on the newspaper. The results were obtained from 11 to 13% by weight of HN containing a large amount of nitrogen to more than 8% by weight of nitrogen from the usual castor oil foil as an average value through 10 repeated experiments.

The nitrogen content of castor oil cake in the form of a conventional cake is about 4.8% by weight on average.

If the number of shaking is more than 30 times, more HN can be obtained. However, in order for the Castor oil remaining on Sieve to be used as a raw material for manufacturing other fertilizers, the nitrogen content must be maintained at least 4% by weight. As for the separation conditions which can maintain 4 weight% of the nitrogen content of the castor oil remaining, the conditions as described above were most suitable.

The body size was too small at less than 1.7 mm, and the yield of HN was much lower. At 2.3 mm or more, the content of large and coarse particles was too high, which was not appropriate. There was no significant change between 1.7 mm and 2.3 mm, but considering the particle size, roughness and yield, 2.0 mm was most appropriate.

In actual production at the production site, castor oil foil is placed in a silo-type silo with a drawer at the bottom so that the castor oil is withdrawn in a basket, transferred to a vertical conveyor belt, It works the same as Sieve, but with HN separation through a mechanical device made of Sieves that can be repeatedly moved from side to side.

Such mechanical equipment is a mechanical configuration that can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art.

If such mechanical equipment is capable of separating HN from castor oil foil, which is the essential purpose of the present invention, the construction of the machine may be of any form.

Mixed organic fertilizers, mixed oil fertilizers and organic compound fertilizers should be prepared using only the raw materials specified in the fertilizer process standard. HN of the present invention containing more than 8% by weight of nitrogen obtained from castor oil foil by the above method is It was obtained from the Rural Development Administration, which manages fertilizer process standards, which is a kind of castor oil cake with high nitrogen content and soft nature.

In the manufacture of pellet-type organic fertilizers (mixed organic fertilizers, mixed oil fertilizers, etc.), the organic fertilizer manufacturing method of the present invention using HN having a high nitrogen content and good physical properties of pellets separated from castor oil foil is pellet In the manufacturing method of organic fertilizer of the form, it is possible to produce organic fertilizers that meet the fertilizer process standard without using raw materials that are more than twice as expensive as castor oil flakes such as soybean meal and rapeseed meal, without significantly increasing production costs. Due to its excellent pellet processability and high nitrogen content, it has the effect of simultaneously solving the problems of productivity and nitrogen guarantee of organic fertilizer.

In addition, due to the production cost burden due to price control, there is an effect that can prevent the distribution of organic fertilizers manufactured by using the poor raw materials other than the fertilizer process standard.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the present invention through the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail. However, this is presented as a preferred example of the present invention, in any sense it should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Details not described herein are sufficiently technically inferred by those skilled in the art, and thus descriptions thereof will be omitted.

Comparison of mixed organic fertilizer, mixed oil fertilizer and copper fertilizer prepared without using HN by mixing the appropriate amount of HN obtained from Castor oil Fructus by the method described above. The same result was obtained.

Example 1

The aim was to ensure that the content of nitrogen: phosphate: cali in the organic fertilizer was 4.5% by weight, 1.5% by weight, and 1.5% by weight or more, respectively. Using an automatic weighing device, 88% by weight (8,800 kg) of Castor oil foil, 8% by weight (800 kg) of rice bran, and 4% by weight (400 kg) of HN of the present invention are put into the blender in order, followed by mixing with the secondary mixture and water. For this purpose, the mixed and mixed raw materials are passed through an extruder equipped with a steam spraying facility, and the moisture of the raw materials is adjusted to be 19 wt% or more, and the mixture is sent to a pellet molding machine to obtain organic fertilizer of pellet type. The pellet-type organic fertilizer obtained through the above process was put into a cooling dryer and dried to reach 13 wt% of moisture to obtain 10 tons of pellet-type organic fertilizer over 1 hour. Each of the above processes is carried out by an organic fertilizer production system which is connected to a blender, extruder, pellet forming machine and dryer. The organic fertilizer was analyzed by the National Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (Gung-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea). The results were as follows: Nitrogen: Phosphoric Acid: Kali (4,62 wt%: 1.63 wt%: 1.58 wt%) Got. This is a nutrient value that satisfies the principal ingredient guaranteed by the fertilizer process standard.

Example 2

It aimed at guaranteeing 4,5 weight%, 1.5 weight%, and 1.5 weight% or more of content of nitrogen: phosphoric acid: cali in organic fertilizer, respectively. 87 weight percent (8,700 kg) of rice wine, 8 weight percent (800 kg) of rice bran, and 5 weight percent of HN (500 kg) of the present invention were put into a blender in order by using an automatic weighing apparatus. Other production conditions were the same as those in Example 1, and 10 tons of the organic fertilizer of the pellet type was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. The prepared organic fertilizer was analyzed and analyzed by the Korea Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, PanKorea Co., Ltd., a national certified analytical institution, to obtain the results of nitrogen: phosphoric acid: kali (4,81 wt%: 1.65 wt%: 1.56 wt%). This is a nutrient value that satisfies the principal ingredient guaranteed by the fertilizer process standard. However, Example 2 fertilizer is different in that the nitrogen content is 0.19% by weight higher than the fertilizer of Example 1.

Example 3

It aimed at guaranteeing 4,5 weight%, 1.5 weight%, and 1.5 weight% or more of content of nitrogen: phosphoric acid: cali in organic fertilizer, respectively. Using an automatic weighing apparatus, 90% by weight (9,000 kg) of Castor oil foil, 7% by weight (700 kg) of rice bran, and 3% by weight (300 kg) of HN of the present invention were added to the blender in order and mixed. Other production conditions were the same as those in Example 1, and 9.7 tons of organic fertilizers of pellet type were obtained over 1 hour. The prepared organic fertilizer was requested to analyze by the Korea Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Pan-Korea Co., Ltd., a national accredited analytical institution, to obtain the results of nitrogen: phosphoric acid: kali (4.59 wt%: 1.59 wt%: 1.58 wt%). This is a nutrient value that satisfies the principal ingredient guaranteed by the fertilizer process standard. However, the fertilizer of Example 3 is different in that the nitrogen content is 0.1 wt% lower than the fertilizer of Example 1.

Comparative Example 1

90 weight percent (9,000 kg) of castor oil and 10 weight percent (1,000 kg) of rice bran were added to the blender in order by using an automatic weighing apparatus. Other production conditions were the same as those in Example 1, and 10 tons of organic fertilizer of pellet type was obtained over 1 hour. The prepared organic fertilizer was analyzed and analyzed by PanKorea Co., Ltd., Korea Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, to obtain nitrogen: phosphoric acid: kali (4.24 wt%: 1.6 wt%: 1.59 wt%). This is a nutrient value that does not satisfy the nitrogen content of 4.5% by weight in the main ingredient guarantee amount prescribed in the fertilizer process standard.

Comparative Example 2

91 weight percent (9,100 kg) of castor oil and 9 weight percent (900 kg) of rice bran were added to the blender in order using an automatic weighing apparatus and mixed. Other production conditions were the same as those in Example 1, and 9.4 tons of organic fertilizers of pellet type were obtained over 1 hour. The prepared organic fertilizer was requested to be analyzed by the Pan-Korea Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, a national certified analytical institution, to obtain the results of nitrogen: phosphoric acid: kali (4.38 wt%: 1.61 wt%: 1.60 wt%). This is a nutrient value that does not satisfy the nitrogen content of the main ingredient guaranteed in the fertilizer process standard.

Comparative Example 3

92 weight% (9,200 kg) of Castor oil and 8 weight% (800 kg) of rice bran were added to the blender one by one using the automatic weighing apparatus and mixed. Other production conditions were the same as those in Example 1, and 7.8 tons of pellet-type organic fertilizer was obtained over 1 hour. The organic fertilizer was analyzed and analyzed by Pan-Korea Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, a national accredited analytical institution, to obtain nitrogen, phosphoric acid and kali (4.51 wt%: 1.60 wt%: 1.58 wt%). This satisfies the nitrogen content in the main component guarantee amount defined in the fertilizer process standard, but the productivity is significantly lower than in the examples.

First, Comparative Example 1-Comparative Example 3, which prepared organic fertilizer using two raw materials of Castor oil and rice bran, is compared.

In order to maintain the productivity of the fertilizer to the level of Examples 1 to 3, the content of the rice bran was 9% by weight or more, and the content of the castor oil was 91% by weight or less. It can be easily seen that there is a possibility that a problem may occur in the guaranteed amount at% or less. In addition, in Comparative Example 3 in which the content of castor oil was increased to 92 wt% or more and the remainder was rice bran to increase the nitrogen content, it can be seen that the production efficiency of the fertilizer was significantly reduced to 76% -78% of the examples. That is, in Comparative Example 1 to Comparative Example 3, it can be seen that it is very difficult to find an appropriate compounding ratio between the compounding ratio of castor oil and rice bran between productivity and nitrogen guarantee amount. As mentioned above, of course, using a certain amount of soybean meal and rapeseed meal with high nitrogen content and excellent processability as pellet type organic fertilizer can be solved instead of castor oil, but as described above, the price of soybean meal is very high. Since it is three times larger than the oil foil, and the chaejong is more than two times difficult to use in terms of cost burden, the present invention can solve the problems of productivity, production cost, and nitrogen guarantee at the same time.

Example 1-Example 3 When using HN 3-5% by weight of the present invention instead of castor oil foil, it is possible to solve the problem that the productivity caused by Comparative Example 1-Comparative Example 3 is reduced, or the nitrogen content is insufficient It can be seen. And since HN is separated from castor oil, HN is only 1.25 times the price of castor oil when combined with the price of the remaining castor oil and the cost of separating HN from castor oil. Considering that the ratio is 3 to 5% by weight, the cost increase factor is insignificant. Therefore, replacing 3 to 5% by weight of castor oil with HN must be a cost-effective configuration, and such a simple raw material In addition to the great effect of solving the problem of productivity and nitrogen deficiency at the same time, the replacement of organic fertilizer producers from the temptation to replace the nitrogen content deficiency with raw material (non-organic chemical nitrogen fertilizer) There is also a protective effect.

Claims (2)

It is a material obtained by striking the castor oil foil with a sieve having a diameter of 1.7 mm to 2.3 mm in the body, 3 to 5 weight% of HN (High Nitrogen) having a nitrogen content of 8 weight% or more, 7 to 8 weight% of rice bran, The process of mixing 87 to 90% by weight in a blender for 3 minutes and mixing and grinding, and passing the ground and mixed raw materials for the second blending and watering into the extruder equipped with a steam spraying facility, the water content of the raw material is 19 weight Organic fertilizer consisting of a process for adjusting to not less than%, the step of sending the hydrolyzed raw material to a pellet molding machine to produce an organic fertilizer in the form of pellets (Pelt), the organic fertilizer in the pellet form is moved to a cooling dryer to cool and dry Manufacturing method. Organic fertilizer prepared by the method of claim 1.