KR101265342B1 - Flat and slant improvement device of excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for improving horizontal ironing and surface workability of an excavator, comprising: first and second pumps P1 and P2; To the boom 2nd speed spool 3, the arm 1st speed spool 4, and the 2nd pump P2 and the center parallel line Ps which communicated with the said 1st pump P1 and the center parallel line Ps. A control valve 21 including a bucket spool 6, a boom first speed spool 2, and an arm second speed spool 5 communicated with each other; An arm crowd pilot line (Pac) connecting the arm 1 and 2 speed spools (4, 5); A boom up pilot line Pi connected to the boom 1 and 2 speed spools 2 and 3; By providing a first switching valve 10 switched between a first position in communication with the boom-up pilot line Pi and a second position in communication disengagement, even a beginner lacking skill or skill in the operation of the equipment There is an effect that can easily perform a high level of horizontal ironing work and surface work without excessive operation.

Excavator, surface work, flattening work

Description

Flat iron and slant improvement device of excavator

1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a control valve system according to the prior art.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 "A".

Figure 3 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing an apparatus for improving horizontal ironing and surface workability of an excavator according to the present invention.

4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 3 "B".

5 is a circuit diagram illustrating a joystick.

6 is a graph showing spool pilot hydraulic pressure characteristics.

Figure 7 is a horizontal ironing and front working state diagram according to the present invention.

<< Explanation of symbols for main part of drawing >>

2: boom 1st spool 3: boom 2nd spool

4: arm 1 spool 5: arm 2 spool

6: bucket spool 8, 10: switching valve

9: gear pump 11: stopper

12: pilot line

The present invention relates to an apparatus for improving horizontal ironing and front workability of an excavator configured with a hydraulic circuit to smoothly perform horizontal ironing and surface work determined by the skill of the driver.

In the hydraulic system of an excavator, horizontal ironing and frontal work were determined entirely by the operator's experience and skill, and it was difficult for beginners with inexperienced equipment to perform the work. The ironing and surface finishing work is to arrange the surface evenly and load the body load as ironing to the flat side of the bucket as a part of the chopping operation, while pressing the flat surface of the bucket by the complex operation of the boom, arm and bucket. It is essential work method to make flat pressing surface (flat, slope) by touching and working with pulling arm.

This operation is determined by the weight of the vehicle body, but the problem of the flatness of the ground due to the excessive load. Briefly explaining the principle of the above-mentioned operation, in order to perform the surface work in the prior art, the secondary pressure required for the surface work is moved by moving the joystick (see FIG. 5) of the boom up, arm crowd, and bucket crowd operation. ), Boom 2 spool (3), arm 1 spool (4), arm 2 spool (5), or bucket spool (6) to move the boom cylinder (6a), arm cylinder, bucket cylinder, etc. Adjusting the speed balance (bucket) to ensure that the bucket flat surface is in close contact with the ground so that the arm moves in the roll-in direction is a horizontal or normal ironing operation (see Figs. 1 and 2). Reference numerals " P1 " and " P2 " here are the first and second pumps.

In this case, the pressing force of the bucket is determined according to the height of the car body falling from the ground to some extent, which is determined by the skill or skill of the driver, and excessive load damages the ironing surface, which makes it difficult to form a flat surface. . Here, reference numerals "Pac" and "Pi" are arm crowd pilot lines and boom up pilot lines, respectively.

An object of the present invention created to solve the above problems, the horizontal ironing and the surface work of the excavator to be able to easily perform a high level of horizontal ironing work and surface work even for beginners who lack skill or skill in the operation of the equipment The present invention provides a device for improving sex.

The object of the present invention is to communicate with the first and second pumps, the boom 2nd speed spool, the arm 1st speed spool communicated by the first pump and the center parallel line, and the second pump and the center parallel line. A control valve comprising a bucket spool, a boom 1 spool and an arm 2 spool, an arm crowd pilot line connected to the crowd side hydraulic sections of the arm 1 and 2 spools, and the boom up side of the boom 1 and 2 spools. Switch between a boom up pilot line connected to the hydraulic unit, a first position for communicating the boom up pilot line, and a second position when the boom up pilot line of the boom second spool is returned to the tank while releasing communication. A first switching valve which is installed on a pilot line connecting between the hydraulic pump and the boom-down side hydraulic part of the boom 1 speed spool, and a second position communicating with the tank; A second switching valve switched between the teeth, a switching switch for switching the first switching valve and the second switching valve, wherein the boom first spool has a first position for maintaining the boom in a neutral position; The boom cylinder is lowered by the front position including the boom by closing the second position to raise, the third position to lower the boom, and the center parallel line supplied from the second pump to communicate with the inlet and outlet of the boom cylinder. It can be achieved by the horizontal ironing and surface workability improvement device of the excavator, characterized in that it comprises a fourth position to operate, and is switched between said first, second, third, and fourth positions.

Preferably, in the present invention, when the second switching valve is switched to the first position in the boom down side hydraulic pressure portion of the boom 1 speed spool, the boom 1 speed spool is only within the first, 2, and 3 position ranges. It further comprises a stopper for limiting the switching.

More preferably, in the present invention, the switching switch is electrically connected to the first and second switching valves, by switching the first switching valve to the second position to tank the boom up pilot line of the boom second speed spool The boom second spool is prevented from being switched, and at the same time, the second switching valve is switched to the second position to communicate the pilot line with the tank, thereby releasing the stopper function so that the boom first spool is closed. The first mode switching valve is switched to the first position and the boom up pilot line of the boom 1,2 speed spools is connected to the front mode to enable switching to the 4 position, so that the boom 1,2 speed spools move in the boom upward direction. Switch at the same time and the second switching valve is switched to the first position so that the pilot line between the stopper and the gear pump of the hydraulic part of the boom down side of the boom 1 spool is in communication with the Because the function of the return toppeo to the selection switch having a drilling mode to limit the boom 1 in the spool to be switched to a fourth position.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention with reference to the drawings in detail.

FIG. 3 is a hydraulic circuit diagram illustrating an apparatus for improving horizontal ironing and surface workability of an excavator according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 3B, and FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a joystick.

3 to 5, the horizontal ironing and surface workability improving apparatus of the excavator according to the present invention includes first and second pumps P1 and P2, a control valve 21, an arm crowd pilot line Pac, The boom up pilot line Pi, the 1st switching valve 10, and the 2nd switching valve 8 are comprised.

First, the control valve 21 includes boom 1, 2 speed spools (2, 3) and arm 1, 2 speed spools (4, 5), and other travel straight valves, left and right travel spools, optional spools and swings. It consists of a spool. Here, the traveling straight valve, the left / right running spool, the option spool and the swing spool are not essential to explain the core technical idea of the present invention, detailed description of the function will be omitted and the numbering is omitted.

The control valve 21 communicates with the boom 2nd spool 3 and the arm 1st spool 4 by the first pump P1 and the center parallel line Ps, and the boom 1st spool 2 and the arm. The second speed spool 5 is in communication with the second pump P2 by the center parallel line Ps.

The crowd side hydraulic parts of the arm 1 and 2 speed spools 4 and 5 are hydraulically connected via an arm crowd pilot line Pac.

The boom up side hydraulic parts of the boom 1 and 2 speed spools 2 and 3 are hydraulically connected via a boom up pilot line Pi.

On the boom-up pilot line Pi, a first position for communicating this boom-up pilot line Pi and a boom-up pilot line Pi of the boom 2-speed spool 3 are released from the tank T. When returning to), the first switching valve 10 is switched between the second position.

On the pilot line Pi2 which connects between the boom down side hydraulic part of the said boom 1st spool 2 and the gear pump 9, the 1st position which communicates the said pilot line Pi2, and communicates with a tank T, A second switching valve 8 is installed which switches between the second positions.

Here, the boom 1 speed spool 2 has a first position for maintaining the boom neutral, a second position for raising the boom, a third position for lowering the boom, and a center supplied from the second pump P2. And a fourth position that blocks the parallel line Ps and communicates the inlet and the outlet of the boom cylinder 6a so that the boom cylinder 6a operates in the downward direction by the front weight including the boom. Is switched between positions 3 and 4. Here, the neutral position is a position at which the entrance and exit of the boom cylinder 6a is closed.

In addition, the boom 1st spool 2 has a 1, 2, 3 position in the boom down side hydraulic pressure part of the boom 1st spool 2 when the 2nd switching valve 8 is switched to the 1st position which is a communication position. It is further configured to further include a stopper 11 for limiting switching within the range.

The switch 20 is installed to switch between the first switching valve 10 and the second switching valve (8).

The changeover switch 20 is electrically connected to the first and second switching valves 10 and 8, and the first switching valve 10 is switched to a second position so that the boom second speed spool 3 is connected. The boom up pilot line Pi is connected to the tank T so that the boom second speed spool 3 is not switched, and at the same time, the second switching valve 8 is switched to the second position so that the pilot line A normal mode in which Pi2 is communicated with the tank T to release the stopper 11 function so that the boom first spool 2 can be switched to the fourth position;

The first switching valve 10 is switched to the first position so that the boom-up pilot line Pi of the boom 1,2 speed spools 2 and 3 communicates with the boom 1,2 speed spools 2 and 3. The stopper 11 and the gear pump 9 of the boom-down side hydraulic pressure part of the boom 1 speed spool 2 are made to be switchable in the boom up direction, and at the same time, the second switching valve 8 is switched to the first position. It is a selector switch 20 having an excavation mode for limiting the switching of the boom first spool 2 to the fourth position since the pilot line Pi2 therebetween is returned to restore the function of the stopper 11.

Here, reference numeral 17 denotes a relief valve interposed between the gear pump 9 and the second switching valve 8.

4, the connection relationship of the boom 1 spool 2 of the present invention is clearly shown. The boom 1 speed spool 2 has a boom up pilot line Pi connected to the left side and a stopper 11 provided on the right side which communicates with the first position of the second switching valve 8. The hydraulic oil of the gear pump 9 is supplied. "Pi2" here is a pilot line supplied from the gear pump 9.

The pressurized oil discharged from the second pump P2 flows through the center parallel Ps, and the pressurized oil is supplied to the boom cylinder 6a in response to the switching of the boom first speed spool 2. Unexplained symbol "W" means the weight of the front weight.

Referring to the operation relationship between the horizontal ironing and the surface workability improvement device of the excavator of the present invention having the configuration as described above are as follows.

Normal mode of the selector switch 20

When the driver switches the selector switch 20 to the front work mode for the front work and operates the boom 1 spool 2 to the fourth position, the first selector valve 10 is switched to the second position so that the boom 2 The boom up pilot line Pi of the speed spool 3 communicates with the tank T so that the boom second speed spool 3 cannot be switched, while at the same time the second switching valve 8 is moved to the second position. By switching the pilot line Pi2 with the tank T to release the stopper 11 function, the boom 1 spool 2 is switched to the fourth position so that the inlet and outlet ports of the boom cylinder 6a Communicating with the tank (T). Therefore, the front including the boom descends by its own weight, and the flat surface of the bucket (W) touches the ground, causing a pressing action. Then, when the arm is pulled in the direction of the crowd, the front weight is applied to the ground, and the ironing operation is performed as shown in FIG. Is implemented.

However, in order to perform the boom raising operation inevitably even during the operation in the normal mode, as shown in FIG. 6, the hydraulic pressure characteristics of the boom spools 2 and 3 are set in two stages so that the pilot pressure is 20k and the stroke is up to 10mm. The inner spool (2) is switchable from the first position to the third position so that general excavation work capable of boom up and down is performed, and the boom 1 spool (2) is switched to the fourth position only when the pressure is higher than that. It was.

In other words, even if the operator has selected the selector switch 20 in the front working mode, if the boom up joystick is pulled out slightly (20k, 10mm or less), the boom 2 speed spool (3) is not switched but the boom 1 speed spool (2) is removed. Instead of switching to the 4th position, it can be switched within the range of the 3rd position from the 1st position to raise and lower the boom at 1 speed. If the driver pulls the boom up joystick to the maximum, then the boom 1 spool (2) is switched to the floating fourth position and the boom is lowered to the ground by the front weight.

Excavation mode of the selector switch 20

When the driver switches the selector switch 20 to the excavation work mode for the excavation work, the first selector valve 10 is switched to the first position so that the boom-up pilot of the boom 1,2 speed spools (2, 3) By connecting the line Pi, the boom 1,2 speed spools 2 and 3 can be switched in the boom upward direction, and at the same time, the second switching valve 8 is switched to the first position to allow the boom 1 speed spool. Since the pilot line Pi2 between the stopper 11 and the gear pump 9 of the boom down side hydraulic part of (2) communicates with each other, the function of the stopper 11 is restored, so that the boom first spool 2 Limiting the switching to position. Therefore, when the driver operates the front device, the boom 1,2 speed spools (2,3) are operated within the range of the third position from the first position necessary for the excavation work, i.e. raising and lowering the boom, together with the other front devices. A general excavation company will be carried out.

Although the present invention described above is limited to the above-described embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention may be easily modified by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that it belongs to the technical idea of the.

The present invention having the above configuration has the effect that even a beginner who lacks skill or skill in operating the equipment can easily perform a high level of horizontal ironing work and surface work without excessive operation of the equipment.

Claims (4)

First and second pumps P1 and P2; To the boom 2nd speed spool 3, the arm 1st speed spool 4, and the 2nd pump P2 and the center parallel line Ps which communicated with the said 1st pump P1 and the center parallel line Ps. A control valve 21 including a bucket spool 6, a boom first speed spool 2, and an arm second speed spool 5 communicated with each other; An arm crowd pilot line (Pac) connected to the crowd side hydraulic parts of the arm 1 and 2 speed spools (4,5); A boom up pilot line Pi connected to the boom up side hydraulic parts of the boom 1 and 2 speed spools 2 and 3; Between the first position where the boom up pilot line Pi communicates, and the second position when the boom up pilot line Pi of the boom second spool 3 is returned to the tank T while releasing communication. A first switching valve 10 switched from; A tank T and a first position installed on a pilot line Pi2 for connecting between the boom-down side hydraulic part of the boom 1st speed spool 2 and the gear pump 9 and communicating the pilot line Pi2; A second switching valve (8) switched between the second positions communicating with; A switching switch (20) for switching the first switching valve (10) and the second switching valve (8); The boom first spool 2 has a first position for maintaining the boom's neutrality, a second position for raising the boom, a third position for lowering the boom, and a center supplied from the second pump P2. And a fourth position that blocks the parallel line Ps and communicates the inlet and the outlet of the boom cylinder 6a so that the boom cylinder 6a operates in the downward direction by the front weight including the boom. Horizontal ironing and front workability improvement device of the excavator, characterized in that the switch between the 3, 4 positions. The method of claim 1, The boom down side hydraulic pressure section of the boom 1st speed spool 2 has the first, 2, and 3 position ranges of the boom 1st speed spool 2 when the second switching valve 8 is switched to the first position, the communication position. Horizontal ironing and front workability improvement device of an excavator, characterized in that further comprises a stopper (11) for limiting only switching within. The method of claim 2, The selector switch 20 is electrically connected to the first and second selector valves 10 and 8 and switches the first selector valve 10 to a second position so that the boom second speed spool 3 The boom up pilot line Pi is connected to the tank T so that the boom second speed spool 3 is not switched, and at the same time, the second switching valve 8 is switched to the second position so that the pilot line ( A front mode in which Pi2) communicates with the tank T to release the stopper 11 function so that the boom first spool 2 can be switched to the fourth position; The first switching valve 10 is switched to the first position so that the boom-up pilot line Pi of the boom 1,2 speed spools 2 and 3 communicates with the boom 1,2 speed spools 2 and 3. The stopper 11 and the gear pump 9 of the boom-down side hydraulic pressure part of the boom 1 speed spool 2 are made to be switchable in the boom up direction, and at the same time, the second switching valve 8 is switched to the first position. It is characterized in that the selection switch 20 having an excavation mode for limiting the switching of the boom first spool 2 to the fourth position since the pilot line Pi2 is connected to return the function of the stopper 11. Horizontal ironing and surface workability improving device of excavator. The method of claim 3, wherein The normal mode is that the boom first spool 2 is switched to the fourth position when the pressure of the boom-up side hydraulic part of the boom first spool 2 is greater than or equal to a predetermined pressure, and when the pressure is below the predetermined pressure, the boom first spool 2 ) Is a state capable of switching from the first position to the third position, the horizontal ironing and surface workability improvement apparatus of the excavator.

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