The main valve of small type hydraulic excavator of energy-saving excavation and high-efficient land leveling
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of throttle type main control valve of small type hydraulic excavator hydraulic system, particularly relate to a kind of high efficient and energy saving hydraulic loop of energy-saving excavation and high-efficient land leveling of small type hydraulic excavator.
Background technology
Small type hydraulic excavator; It is high, multi-functional, energy-efficient, handling good, man-machine environment close friend's of a kind of technological integrated level of extensive use etc. small-sized machine; But main control valve as its control device; The banked direction control valves of other engineering machinery on year-on-year basis, have functional integration height, assignment of traffic meticulous, move characteristics such as compound more.Excavate these two kinds of functions pacifically; It is the main task of small type hydraulic excavator; Correspond to its hydraulic circuit, particularly dipper and scraper bowl and excavate the performance quality in loop simultaneously, receive outer pendulum rapid movement pattern in the time of pacifically in the dipper; With directly having influence on the energy-conservation of mini-excavator operation, be one of key technology of excavator with efficient.
Usually, the throttle type main control valve of small type hydraulic excavator is driven by two or three hydraulic variable displacement pumps, and general power control reaches that empty action speed is fast, level land speed is fast, excavation speed fast, the purpose of good energy-conserving effect when excavating.Several kinds of major control modes of throttle type main valve are at present: during excavation--receive in-the scraper bowl by the P1 oil pump feed, receive in the dipper by the P2+P3 oil pump feed; During the level land--receive outer pendulum in the-scraper bowl by the P1 oil pump feed, receive outer pendulum in the dipper by the P2+P3 fuel feeding, swing arm rises by the P1+P2 oil pump feed, and swing arm is transferred the oil pump feed by P1; Because P3 pump set pressure is less than P1 pump and P2 pump, P3 pump overflow when excavate hard soils, thus cause the loss of energy; And when the level land; Because the P3 pump discharge is less, does not make full use of engine power, the speed of receiving outer pendulum in the dipper is also slow.
Summary of the invention
Speed was fast when technical problem to be solved by this invention provided a kind of one action, and the oil flow distribution is reasonable during composite move, the energy-conservation main valve of small type hydraulic excavator of energy-saving excavation and high-efficient land leveling efficiently pacifically time during excavation.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the main valve of small type hydraulic excavator of energy-saving excavation provided by the invention and high-efficient land leveling comprises that the straight line moving valve joins, and revolution joins; Dozer joins, and the swing arm interflow joins with the shared valve of quartering hammer, dipper 1, and left lateral is walked to join; Oil-feed joins, and right lateral is walked to join, swing arm 1, and scraper bowl joins; Dipper 2 and back oil road T2, the import of level land model selection valve join with described dozer and are connected, and an outlet of described level land model selection valve joins with the shared valve of quartering hammer with described swing arm interflow and is connected; Another outlet is connected with described back oil road T2, and path one end is connected with described dipper 1, and the other end joins with described scraper bowl and is connected.
Described path offered throttle orifice before getting into described scraper bowl couplet.
Described level land model selection valve is the hydraulic control two-position three-way valve.
Adopt the energy-saving excavation of technique scheme and the main valve of small type hydraulic excavator of high-efficient land leveling; In main valve, increasing by a valve is level land model selection valve; Pressing when guide oil is common mining mode when not setting up; When the guide oil pressure acted on the level land model selection valve core, the level land pattern was opened, and main valve fuel feeding route changes.
Consideration is received the one action time and is accounted for 15% of the whole excavation time in the dipper when general dredge operation, receive in the scraper bowl with dipper in recover the time of closing action and account for 70%, the one action time of receipts accounts for 15% in the scraper bowl, during this period; Swing arm is done trimming movement, and to cooperate the action of dipper and scraper bowl, P1 and P2 pump are identical two Variable plunger pumps in the general three pump system, and P3 is a quantitative gear pump; And the set pressure of P1 and P2 is greater than the set pressure of P3, and metered flow also greater than the metered flow of P3, is being excavated under the big situation of load, if adopt present throttle type main valve; The overflow too early of P3 pump, thus the waste of energy caused, make that also excavation speed is slower, in the technique scheme; Receive outer pendulum in when said mining mode fuel feeding circuit is the dipper one action by P1 pump and P2 oil pump feed, receive outer pendulum in the scraper bowl by P1 pump and P2 pump fuel feeding after throttling, swing arm contrasts original system by P1 pump and P2 oil pump feed; Because P1 pump and P2 pump are identical two pumps, receive in the dipper with scraper bowl in recover and close when moving being no more than under the situation of set pressure, avoided energy loss, and in scraper bowl during the receipts one action; P1 pump and P2 pump are given the scraper bowl fuel feeding simultaneously, have also accelerated the speed that scraper bowl excavates, and after the pattern of unlatching level land, load is less during owing to the level land; The rate request of receiving outer pendulum in the dipper is fast, and swing arm and scraper bowl action are less, and P3 preferentially gives the dipper fuel feeding through level land model selection valve, again through giving the scraper bowl fuel feeding after the throttle orifice throttling; And the fuel feeding circuit of P1 and P2 does not change, and promptly P1 preferentially gives the swing arm fuel feeding, again through giving dipper and scraper bowl fuel feeding after the throttle orifice throttling; Because the dipper load is less, P2 preferentially gives the dipper fuel feeding through parallelly connected oil circuit, and the fraction oil content flows to swing arm; Scraper bowl, thus dipper is P1, P2; P3 three pump high volume fuel feeding, swing arm are P1 and P2 double pump fuel feeding, and scraper bowl is P1; P2, the P3 fuel feeding has been accelerated level land speed.
Actual test and theory analysis according to small type hydraulic excavator different work operating mode; The present invention proposes double pump loop, interflow and the three pump high volume oil supply loops of the dipper under the pattern of level land under dipper and scraper bowl excavation state, formed a kind of efficient energy-saving main control valve; It is ingenious to have the oil circuit design; Speed is fast during one action, and oil flow distribution rational characteristics during composite move can well embody energy-conservation high efficiency pacifically time the when excavating.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a mountains and rivers intelligence SWE70 main valve schematic diagram,
Fig. 2 is the DH60 of a Daewoo main valve schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is a main valve hydraulic schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the level land model selection valve schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 excavates operating mode main valve fuel feeding wiring diagram in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is a level land operating mode main valve fuel feeding wiring diagram in the embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment the present invention is described further.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are two kinds of common small type hydraulic excavator three pump system main valve hydraulic schematic diagrams, and in three pump system, P1 pump and P2 pump are two identical plunger displacement pumps, and the P3 pump is a flow and all little than the P1 pump gear pump of set pressure, and the main valve system of Fig. 1 joins (M1) by the straight line moving valve; Revolution joins (M2), and dozer joins (M3), broken join (M4), and dipper joins (M5), swing arm 2 (M6); Right lateral walks to join (M7), and left lateral walks to join (M8), swing arm 1 (M9), and scraper bowl joins (M10) and forms, in this system; Receive in the dipper outer pendulum by P2 pump and P3 pump through collaborating fuel feeding in the valve, receive outer pendulum in the scraper bowl by the P1 oil pump feed, swing arm rises by P1 and P2 pump with two combined stream fuel feeding, when the excavation heavy duty, the too early overflow of P3 pump possibility; Cause the waste of energy and slowing down of speed, and when the level land,, make that also the outer slew rate degree of the interior receipts of dipper is slower because the P3 pump discharge is less; Level land efficient is low, and main valve system shown in Figure 2 joins (S1) by the straight line moving valve, and revolution joins (S2), and dozer joins (S3); Swing arm deflection joins (S4), swing arm 2 broken join (S5), dipper 1 (S6), left lateral walks to join (S7); Right lateral walks to join (S8), swing arm 1 (S9), and scraper bowl joins (S10), and dipper 2 (S11) is formed; In this three pump system, what receive outer pendulum employing in the dipper is that P1 pump and P2 pump collaborate fuel feeding outward by two valves, and it also is that P1 pump and P2 pump are collaborated outward by two valves that swing arm rises, when excavating operating mode; Because P1 pump and P2 pump are identical two pumps, so can not occur the situation of the too early overflow of one of them pump during the fuel feeding of interflow, avoided energy loss, still on the level land during operating mode; Because load is little, the P3 pump is not given the equipment fuel feeding, makes the power of motor not maximize the use, and level land speed is lower.
Shown in Figure 3 is the energy-saving excavation and the high-efficient land leveling main valve hydraulic schematic diagram of a kind of small type hydraulic excavator of the present invention, and main valve is a chip banked direction control valves structure, joins 1 by the straight line moving valve, and revolution joins 2; Dozer joins 3, and model selection valve in level land joins 4, swing arm 2 quartering hammer join 5, dipper 16; Left lateral is walked to join 7, and oil-feed joins, and right lateral is walked to join 8, swing arm 19; Scraper bowl joins 10, and dipper 2 11 is formed, and wherein model selection valve in level land joins 4 for the hydraulic control two-position three-way valve, and is as shown in Figure 4; The import M of level land model selection valve 4 and dozer join 3 and are connected, outlet N of level land model selection valve 4 and swing arm 2 quartering hammer couplet 5 be connected, another exports W and is connected with back oil road T2; When guide oil pressed Pi4 to set up, the level land pattern was opened, when guide oil presses Pi4 not set up; Close the level land pattern, be common mining mode, its oil circuit connected mode as shown in Figure 3.It is swing arm interflow and the shared valve couplet of quartering hammer that swing arm 2 quartering hammers join 5, and guide's oil pressure is that the swing arm interflow joins when leading to the left side, is the quartering hammer couplet in the time of on the right of guide's oil pressure is logical; The swing arm interflow adopts the mode at the outer interflow of external pipeline valve to collaborate; As shown in Figure 3, dipper 16 also is to move to dipper through the outer interflow of valve mode to collaborate with dipper 2 11, offers path 12 in the valve body of main valve; Path 12 1 ends are connected with dipper 16; The other end is connected with scraper bowl couplet 10, and path 12 offered throttle orifice before the entering scraper bowl joins 10, is path of oil entering scraper bowl couplet 10 increases of P2 and P3.
Fig. 5 is the excavation operating mode loop diagram of main valve, and dipper and swing arm adopt the outer interflow of valve mode respectively by two alliances oil; As shown in Figure 5; Swing arm rises by P1 pump and P2 oil pump feed, receives outer pendulum in the dipper by P1 pump and P2 oil pump feed, receives outer pendulum in the scraper bowl by P1 pump and P2 oil pump feed.The oil circuit of three pumps trend is: the hydraulic oil of P1 pump output, walk to join 8 meta path through right lateral after, through parallelly connected oil circuit to swing arm 19; Scraper bowl joins 10; Dipper 2 11 fuel feeding, the hydraulic oil of P2 pump output walk to join 7 meta path through left lateral after, through parallelly connected oil circuit to dipper 16; Swing arm 2 quartering hammer join 5, scraper bowl joins 10 fuel feeding.The P3 pump then joins 1 through the straight line moving valve, and revolution joins 2, and the meta path of dozer couplet 3 model selection valve pacifically joins 4 outlet W off-load oil sump tank.
Fig. 6 is the level land operating mode loop diagram of said new main valve, and dipper and swing arm adopt the outer interflow of valve mode respectively by two alliances oil; As shown in Figure 6; Swing arm rises by P1 pump and P2 oil pump feed, receives outer pendulum in the dipper by the P1 pump, P2 pump and P3 oil pump feed; Receive outer pendulum in the scraper bowl by the P1 pump, P2 pump and P3 oil pump feed.The oil circuit of three pumps trend is: the hydraulic oil of P1 pump output, walk to join 8 meta path through right lateral after, through parallelly connected oil circuit to swing arm 19; Scraper bowl joins 10; Dipper 2 11 fuel feeding, the hydraulic oil of P2 pump output walk to join 7 meta path through left lateral after, through parallelly connected oil circuit to dipper 16; Swing arm 2 quartering hammer join 5, scraper bowl joins 10 fuel feeding.The P3 pump then joins 1 through the straight line moving valve, and revolution joins 2, dozer join 3 meta path pacifically the model selection valve join 4 outlet N, through parallelly connected oil circuit to swing arm 2 quartering hammer join 5, dipper 16, scraper bowl join 10 fuel feeding.