CN104153406A - Excavator with function of switching oil hydraulic circuit according to different working conditions - Google Patents
Excavator with function of switching oil hydraulic circuit according to different working conditions Download PDFInfo
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- CN104153406A CN104153406A CN201410381190.6A CN201410381190A CN104153406A CN 104153406 A CN104153406 A CN 104153406A CN 201410381190 A CN201410381190 A CN 201410381190A CN 104153406 A CN104153406 A CN 104153406A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an excavator with the function of switching an oil hydraulic circuit according to different working conditions. An inlet of a flat ground mode selection valve (1) is connected with an inlet of a dozer blade joint (M3) of a small hydraulic excavator main valve, one outlet of the flat ground mode selection valve (1) is connected with an inlet of a movable arm (2)/a breaking hammer joint (M4) of the small hydraulic excavator main valve, the other outlet of the ground mode selection valve (1) is connected with an oil return channel (T2), and the control end of the flat ground mode selection valve (1) is connected with an opening E of a flat ground working condition mode switch (2). One end of a passage (3) is connected with the inlet of the movable arm (2)/the breaking hammer joint (M4) of the small hydraulic excavator main valve and an inlet of a first bucket rod joint (M5), and the other end of the passage (3) is connected with an inlet of a first movable arm joint (M8) and an inlet of a bucket joint (M9) of the small hydraulic excavator main valve. According to the excavator with the function of switching the oil hydraulic circuit according to the different working conditions, the performance of saving energy in the excavating process and being efficient in the flat ground can be achieved for the different working conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hydraulic crawler excavator, particularly relate to a kind of excavator that switches hydraulic circuit for different operating modes that has.
Technical background
At present hydraulic crawler excavator is high, multi-functional, energy-efficient, handling good, the engineering machinery that man-machine environment is friendly of a kind of technology integrated level of extensive use, along with development, people are also more extensive for the various operating mode application of excavator, wherein excavator is when for different operating mode, can select suitable flow pressure to carry out work according to different operating modes, by directly having influence on the energy-conservation of excavator operation with efficient, it is one of key technology of excavator.
Generally, the hydraulic system of hydraulic crawler excavator is driven by two to three hydraulic variable displacement pumps, and excavator is carrying out digging working condition pacifically during operating mode, conventionally to regulate the engine speed of excavator to adjust hydraulic flow, pressure etc., during digging working condition, working speed is heightened, now hydraulic flow, pressure etc. are higher, and wherein portion of energy has loss, and excavator is when carrying out level land operating mode, working speed is turned down, flow and pressure decreased, in dipper, receipts are slower with outer slew rate degree, and operating efficiency is not high.
Several major control modes of at present general throttle type main valve are: during excavation---in scraper bowl, receive by P1 oil pump feed, in dipper, receive by P2+P3 oil pump feed; During level land, in scraper bowl, receive outer pendulum by P1 oil pump feed, receive outer pendulum by P2+P3 fuel feeding in dipper, swing arm rises by P1+P2 oil pump feed, and swing arm is transferred the oil pump feed by P1; Because P3 pump set pressure is less than P1 pump and P2 pump, when excavate hard soils, P3 pump may be own through overflow, thereby cause the loss of energy, and when level land, because P3 pump discharge is less, do not make full use of engine power, the speed of receiving outer pendulum in dipper is also slow.
The publication number of mountains and rivers intelligence is 101886405A, name is called the patent of invention of " main valve of small type hydraulic excavator of energy-saving excavation and high-efficient land leveling ", its energy-efficient main valve providing carries out the variation of hydraulic circuit by selector valve, make full use of the flow pressure of main pump, while reaching one action, speed is fast, the rational feature of hydraulic oil distribution during composite move is a kind of new hydraulic technique.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention be to provide a kind of while reaching energy-conservation while excavating, level land for different operating modes efficient performance there is the excavator that switches hydraulic circuits for different operating modes.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the excavator having for different operating modes switching hydraulic circuits provided by the invention, comprise main valve of small type hydraulic excavator, the first pump, the second pump and the 3rd pump, described main valve of small type hydraulic excavator comprises straight line moving valve connection, revolution connection, dozer connection, swing arm 2 quartering hammer connection, dipper 1, left lateral is walked connection, oil-feed connection, right lateral is walked connection, swing arm 1, scraper bowl connection, dipper 2 and back oil road, also comprise the first pump, the second pump, the 3rd pump, also comprise a level land model selection valve, the import of described level land model selection valve 1 is connected with the import of described dozer connection, outlet of described level land model selection valve and described swing arm 2 the import of quartering hammer connection M4 be connected, another outlet is connected with described back oil road, the control end of described level land model selection valve is connected with the E mouth of level land operating mode mode switch, path one end and described dipper 1 and swing arm 2 the import of quartering hammer connection is connected, the other end is connected with the import that scraper bowl joins with described swing arm 1.
Described level land model selection valve is hydraulic control two-position three-way valve.
Described path offered throttle orifice before entering described scraper bowl connection.
The first described pump is two variable pumps that discharge capacity is identical with the second pump, the 3rd described pump is self-contained pump, the first pump described in three, the second pump and the 3rd pump adopt general power to control, and the rated pressure of the 3rd described pump is less than the first described pump and the rated pressure of the second pump.
The first described pump is connected with the oil-feed connection of described main valve of small type hydraulic excavator, the second described pump is connected with the oil-feed connection of described main valve of small type hydraulic excavator, and the 3rd described pump is connected with the straight line moving valve connection of described main valve of small type hydraulic excavator.
Adopt the excavator that switches hydraulic circuit for different operating modes that has of technique scheme, utilize publication number for 101886405A, name is called energy-saving excavation that the patent of invention of " main valve of small type hydraulic excavator of energy-saving excavation and high-efficient land leveling " provides and the main valve of small type hydraulic excavator of high-efficient land leveling, wherein the main hydraulic pressure of hydraulic system is by main pump, main valve, equipment (motor, oil cylinder etc.), fuel tank forms a hydraulic circuit, common hydraulic circuit is according to different operating modes, different load during work, by adjusting engine speed, to adjust the flow of main pump, Output pressure, energy during excavator work does not make full use of, efficiency neither maximize.Hydraulic system of the present invention and excavator adopt this main valve of small type hydraulic excavator, it is level land model selection valve that main valve of small type hydraulic excavator increases by a valve, the control end of level land model selection valve is connected with operating mode mode switch electromagnetic valve, electromagnetic valve is controlled by artificial selection, or by the flow of equipment in system, pressure feedback is carried out model selection automatically, operating mode mode switch is three kinds of operating mode patterns: pattern 1-mining mode, pattern 2-level land pattern, mode 3-broken pattern, when guide oil pressure is not set up, it is common mining mode, when guide oil pressure acts on level land model selection valve core, level land pattern is opened, main valve fuel feeding route changes, excavator hydraulic system loop is changed, pressure, flow can switch according to different operating modes.
General excavator is when excavating, and swing arm is done lifting action, and dipper and scraper bowl are done compound excavation action; During level land, swing arm is done trimming movement, receives outer pendulum and coordinate scraper bowl action in dipper.In general excavator, main pump is three pump forms, wherein P1 and P2 pump are identical two Variable plunger pumps, P3 is a quantitative gear pump, and the set pressure of P1 and P2 is greater than the set pressure of P3, metered flow is also greater than the metered flow of P3, in the situation that excavation load is large, if adopt conventional throttle type main valve at present, the overflow too early of P3 pump, thereby cause the waste of energy, also make the digging efficiency of excavator not high, in this excavator invention, by the patent main valve connection therewith of three pumps, in when mining mode fuel feeding circuit is wherein dipper one action, receive outer pendulum by P1 pump and P2 oil pump feed, in scraper bowl, receive the outer fuel feeding after throttling of putting by P1 pump and P2 pump, swing arm is by P1 pump and P2 oil pump feed, contrast original excavator, because P1 pump and P2 pump are identical two pumps, receive in dipper and scraper bowl in during receipts composite move in the situation that being no more than set pressure, avoided the energy loss of P3 pump, and while receiving one action in scraper bowl, P1 pump and P2 pump are given scraper bowl fuel feeding simultaneously, also accelerated the speed that scraper bowl excavates, open after the pattern of level land, during due to level land, load is less, the rate request of receiving outer pendulum in dipper is fast, swing arm and scraper bowl action are less, P3 pump is preferentially given dipper fuel feeding by level land model selection valve, after throttle orifice throttling, give again scraper bowl fuel feeding, and the fuel feeding circuit of P1 and P2 does not change, be that P1 is preferentially to swing arm fuel feeding, after throttle orifice throttling, give again dipper and scraper bowl fuel feeding, because dipper load is less, P2 preferentially gives dipper fuel feeding by oil circuit in parallel, fraction oil content flows to swing arm, scraper bowl, thereby dipper is P1, P2, P3 tri-pump high volume fuel feeding, swing arm is P1 and P2 double pump fuel feeding, scraper bowl is P1, P2, P3 fuel feeding, accelerated level land speed.
The present invention is than the hydraulic circuit of original hydraulic system, mainly be the main pump of excavator and main valve, according to the feedback of actual condition or personnel, control selection, by electromagnetic valve, export a hydraulic pressure switching signal, making excavator main pump and main valve carry out different hydraulic circuits connects, make the load of the corresponding different operating modes of hydraulic system of excavator adjust to suitable flow and pressure simultaneously, formed pattern 1, pattern 2 grades are switched the dredger of hydraulic circuit specially for different operating modes, make full use of engine power, regulate main pump flow, make excavator reach energy-conservation and efficient effect.
In sum, the present invention be a kind of while reaching energy-conservation while excavating, level land for different operating modes efficient performance there is the excavator that switches hydraulic circuits for different operating modes.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that excavator excavates the simple and easy schematic diagram of modular system.
Fig. 2 is the mining mode hydraulic circuit diagram of hydraulic system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is complete machine hydraulic schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, this invention is described further.
Fig. 1 is the simple and easy schematic diagram of excavator main hydraulic system, when excavator is when different operating modes are worked, according to the condition of loading of different operating modes, hydraulic system to excavator is switched, make excavator form multiple different hydraulic circuit pattern, corresponding operating mode is pattern 1-mining mode, pattern 2-level land pattern, mode 3-broken pattern etc.For example, when excavator need to carry out digging working condition, by guide's hydraulic pressure signal, use switching device shifter to carry out pattern switching to hydraulic main valve, select corresponding hydraulic circuit (pattern 1-mining mode), its flow and pressure are all adjusted into optimum Working, make excavator reach energy-conservation advantage.When excavator need to carry out level land operating mode, by exporting a hydraulic pressure signal, switching device shifter switches (pattern 2-level land pattern) to the hydraulic circuit of main valve, main pump, and flow and pressure, because the variation of hydraulic circuit also changes simultaneously, make excavator reach efficient feature.
By identical mode principle, by output hydraulic pressure signal, can carry out switch mode 3, pattern 4 of hydraulic circuit etc., corresponding different working environments, different workloads.
Be illustrated in figure 2 interior the receipts and the interior composite move oil supply loop of receiving of scraper bowl of dipper in a kind of energy-saving excavation efficient hydraulic loop of excavator, the oil supply loop of this composite move is by two pump Pl, P2, bucket arm cylinder, bucket cylinder, fuel tank T, dipper control valve a, the first one way valve a1, dipper 1 M5, scraper bowl connection M9, dipper 2 M10 form, and in dipper, the time receiving is collaborated fuel feeding by Pl pump and P2 pump, and in scraper bowl, the time receiving is shunted fuel feeding by Pl pump and P2 pump after throttling.
As shown in Figure 2, while receiving composite move in receipts and scraper bowl in dipper, when there is bucket arm cylinder 5 overflow, be that the large cavity pressure of bucket arm cylinder 5 is while reaching security of system valve setting pressure, now dipper control valve has also reached opening pressure, the commutation of dipper control valve, in upper, thereby, the hydraulic oil of P2 pump is no longer by the overflow of security of system valve, but by the upper and first one way valve a1 of dipper control valve, by scraper bowl, join M9, enter bucket cylinder 6, realize and change flooded traffic flow direction, by the first one way valve a1, enter into and in scraper bowl, regain road, make the not direct oil sump tank of excess flow, reduce overflow energy loss.
Fig. 3 is hydraulic system principle figure of the present invention.The hydraulic circuit of main pump of the present invention and main valve of small type hydraulic excavator and corresponding equipment can be for different operating modes, and different loads, switches by hydraulic pressure signal.Referring to Fig. 3, there is the excavator that switches hydraulic circuit for different operating modes, comprise main valve of small type hydraulic excavator, main valve of small type hydraulic excavator comprises straight line moving valve connection M1, revolution connection M2, dozer connection M3, swing arm 2 quartering hammer connection M4, dipper 1 M5, left lateral walks to join M6, oil-feed connection, right lateral walks to join M7, swing arm 1 M8, scraper bowl connection M9, dipper 2 M10 and back oil road T2, also comprise a level land model selection valve 1, the import of level land model selection valve 1 is connected with the import of dozer connection M3, outlet of level land model selection valve 1 and swing arm 2 quartering hammer connection M4 be connected with the import of dipper 1 M5, another outlet is connected with back oil road T2, the control end of level land model selection valve 1 is connected with the E mouth of level land operating mode mode switch 2, level land operating mode mode switch 2 is arranged on the driver's cabin of hydraulic crawler excavator, level land operating mode mode switch 2 has three kinds of operating mode patterns: pattern 1-mining mode, pattern 2-level land pattern, mode 3-broken pattern, path 3 one end and swing arm 2 quartering hammer connection M4 is connected with the import of dipper 1 M5, the other end is connected with the import that scraper bowl joins M9 with swing arm 1 M8.Particularly, model selection valve in level land is hydraulic control two-position three-way valve.Path 3 offered throttle orifice 4 before entering scraper bowl connection M9.
The first pump P1 is two variable pumps that discharge capacity is identical with the second pump P2, the 3rd described pump P3 is self-contained pump, the first pump P1 described in three, the second pump P2 and the 3rd pump P3 adopt general power to control, and the rated pressure of the 3rd pump P3 is less than the rated pressure of the first pump P1 and the second pump P2.
The first pump Pl is connected with the oil-feed connection of main valve of small type hydraulic excavator, and the second pump P2 is connected with the oil-feed connection of main valve of small type hydraulic excavator, and the 3rd pump P3 is connected with the straight line moving valve connection M1 of main valve of small type hydraulic excavator.
Referring to Fig. 3, by application main valve of small type hydraulic excavator, utilize switching device shifter to carry out mode of operation switching, excavator is when digging working condition, dipper and swing arm by two alliance oil, adopt the outer interflow of valve mode respectively, and swing arm rises by P1 pump and P2 oil pump feed, in dipper, receive outer pendulum by P1 pump and P2 oil pump feed, in scraper bowl, receive outer pendulum by P1 pump and P2 oil pump feed.The oil circuit trend of three pumps is: the hydraulic oil of P1 pump output, after the meta path of walking to join M7 through right lateral, by oil circuit in parallel, flow to swing arm 1 M8, scraper bowl connection M9 and dipper 2 M10 fuel feeding, after the meta path that the hydraulic oil of P2 pump output walks to join M6 through left lateral, by parallel oil road direction dipper 1 M5, swing arm 2 quartering hammer connection M4 and scraper bowl connection M9 fuel feeding.P3 pump is the meta path outlet W off-load oil sump tank that model selection valve joins pacifically of process straight line moving valve connection M1, revolution connection M2, dozer connection M3.
When excavator is during in level land operating mode, dipper and swing arm by two alliances oil, adopt the outer interflow of valve mode respectively, as shown in Figure 3, swing arm rises by P1 pump and P2 oil pump feed, receives outer pendulum by P1 pump in dipper, P2 pump and P3 oil pump feed, receive outer pendulum by P1 pump, P2 pump and P3 oil pump feed in scraper bowl.The oil circuit trend of three pumps is: the hydraulic oil of P1 pump output, after the meta path of walking to join M7 through right lateral, by parallel oil road direction swing arm 1 M8, scraper bowl connection M9 and dipper 2 M10 fuel feeding, after the meta path that the hydraulic oil of P2 pump output walks to join M6 through left lateral, by parallel oil road direction dipper 1 M5, swing arm 2 quartering hammer connection M4 and scraper bowl connection M9 fuel feeding.P3 pump is through the meta path of straight line moving valve connection M1, revolution connection M2 and the dozer connection M3 outlet N of model selection valve connection pacifically, by parallel oil road direction swing arm 2 quartering hammer connection M4, dipper 1 M5 and scraper bowl connection M9 fuel feeding.
Claims (9)
1. one kind has the excavator that switches hydraulic circuit for different operating modes, comprise main valve of small type hydraulic excavator, the first pump (Pl), the second pump (P2) and the 3rd pump (P3), described main valve of small type hydraulic excavator comprises straight line moving valve connection (M1), revolution connection (M2), dozer connection (M3), swing arm 2 quartering hammer connection (M4), dipper 1 (M5), left lateral is walked connection (M6), oil-feed connection, right lateral is walked connection (M7), swing arm 1 (M8), scraper bowl connection (M9), dipper 2 (M10) and back oil road (T2), it is characterized in that: also comprise a level land model selection valve (1), the import of described level land model selection valve (1) is connected with the import of described dozer connection (M3), outlet of described level land model selection valve (1) and described swing arm 2 the import of quartering hammer connection (M4) be connected, another outlet is connected with described back oil road (T2), the control end of described level land model selection valve (1) is connected with the E mouth of level land operating mode mode switch (2), path (3) one end and described dipper 1 (M5) and swing arm 2 the import of quartering hammer connection (M4) is connected, the other end is connected with the import that scraper bowl joins (M9) with described swing arm 1 (M8).
2. the excavator having for different operating modes switching hydraulic circuits according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described level land model selection valve (1) is hydraulic control two-position three-way valve.
3. the excavator having for different operating modes switching hydraulic circuits according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the scraper bowl connection (M9) of described path described in entering offers throttle orifice (4) before.
4. according to claim 1 and 2 have an excavator that switches hydraulic circuits for different operating modes, it is characterized in that: described the first pump (P1) is two variable pumps that discharge capacity is identical with the second pump (P2), the 3rd described pump (P3) is self-contained pump, the first pump (P1) described in three, the second pump (P2) and the 3rd pump (P3) adopt general power to control, and the rated pressure of the 3rd described pump (P3) is less than described the first pump (P1) and the rated pressure of the second pump (P2).
5. according to claim 3 have an excavator that switches hydraulic circuits for different operating modes, it is characterized in that: described the first pump (P1) is two variable pumps that discharge capacity is identical with the second pump (P2), the 3rd described pump (P3) is self-contained pump, the first pump (P1) described in three, the second pump (P2) and the 3rd pump (P3) adopt general power to control, and the rated pressure of the 3rd described pump (P3) is less than described the first pump (P1) and the rated pressure of the second pump (P2).
6. according to claim 1 and 2 have an excavator that switches hydraulic circuits for different operating modes, it is characterized in that: described the first pump (Pl) is connected with the oil-feed connection of described main valve of small type hydraulic excavator, described the second pump (P2) is connected with the oil-feed connection of described main valve of small type hydraulic excavator, and the 3rd described pump (P3) is connected with the straight line moving valve connection (M1) of described main valve of small type hydraulic excavator.
7. according to claim 3 have an excavator that switches hydraulic circuits for different operating modes, it is characterized in that: described the first pump (Pl) is connected with the oil-feed connection of described main valve of small type hydraulic excavator, described the second pump (P2) is connected with the oil-feed connection of described main valve of small type hydraulic excavator, and the 3rd described pump (P3) is connected with the straight line moving valve connection (M1) of described main valve of small type hydraulic excavator.
8. according to claim 4 have an excavator that switches hydraulic circuits for different operating modes, it is characterized in that: described the first pump (Pl) is connected with the oil-feed connection of described main valve of small type hydraulic excavator, described the second pump (P2) is connected with the oil-feed connection of described main valve of small type hydraulic excavator, and the 3rd described pump (P3) is connected with the straight line moving valve connection (M1) of described main valve of small type hydraulic excavator.
9. according to claim 5 have an excavator that switches hydraulic circuits for different operating modes, it is characterized in that: described the first pump (Pl) is connected with the oil-feed connection of described main valve of small type hydraulic excavator, described the second pump (P2) is connected with the oil-feed connection of described main valve of small type hydraulic excavator, and the 3rd described pump (P3) is connected with the straight line moving valve connection (M1) of described main valve of small type hydraulic excavator.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410381190.6A CN104153406A (en) | 2014-08-05 | 2014-08-05 | Excavator with function of switching oil hydraulic circuit according to different working conditions |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410381190.6A CN104153406A (en) | 2014-08-05 | 2014-08-05 | Excavator with function of switching oil hydraulic circuit according to different working conditions |
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| CN201410381190.6A Pending CN104153406A (en) | 2014-08-05 | 2014-08-05 | Excavator with function of switching oil hydraulic circuit according to different working conditions |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105317067A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-10 | 周驰军 | Double-pump valve outside flow-converging system suitable for breaking hammer of excavator |
| CN110905034A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-24 | 三一重机有限公司 | Intelligent working condition matching method for excavator and intelligent working condition matching system for excavator |
| CN114182771A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-15 | 中联重科土方机械有限公司 | Control system for excavator blade and control method for excavator blade |
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Application publication date: 20141119 |