KR101166848B1 - Waste feeding apparatus, its sealing method, and waste feeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 installed in the vertical chute portion 6 constituting the waste supply device 1 and having a seal function for preventing the inflow of external air into the gasification furnace, are alternately opened and closed. ), The lower damper 12 is parallel to the center line Lc in the longitudinal direction passing through the center in the width direction of the waste conveying device 7, and is provided on the inner wall side opposite to the vertical chute part 6. It comprise a support shaft (12p) lower left damper (12 _L) and the lower right damper (12 _R) to be opened and closed via the front end of the lower left damper (12 _L) and the lower right damper (12 _R) in a closed condition The merge line 12m is configured to be located above the center line Lc.

Description

Waste feeder, seal method and waste feed method {WASTE FEEDING APPARATUS, ITS SEALING METHOD, AND WASTE FEEDING METHOD}

The present invention relates to a waste supply device for continuously supplying waste such as sewage sludge, municipal waste, etc. to a gasifier, its sealing method, and waste supply method, and more particularly, waste supply to a gasification furnace having excellent quantitative supply performance of waste. When the double damper having the device and the waste supply method and the sealing function to prevent the inflow into the gasification furnace of the outside air is closed, sparks can be prevented from being generated, and the adhesion of magnetic waste and small waste can be prevented. A waste supply device and a sealing method thereof, and a waste supply method which makes it possible to easily remove wastes that have entered the upper damper and the lower damper having a sealing function of preventing the inflow of external air into the gasifier. .

In recent years, the gasification melting furnace which made it possible to realize the reduction of waste, such as sewage sludge and municipal waste, and the harmlessness of ashes simultaneously is attracting attention. This gasification melting furnace gasifies wastes such as sewage sludge and municipal waste in a gasification furnace (500 to 600 ° C), and decomposes the waste into combustible gas, fixed carbon powder and ash. Next, by burning the decomposed combustible gas and the fixed carbon powder in the melting furnace, the temperature in the melting furnace is set to 1300 ° C or higher to melt the ash, and the molten slag is cooled by, for example, water cooling slag.

Waste supply devices that supply waste to gasifiers require quantitative supply and sealability of waste.

(1) Supply of quantitative waste

Stabilize combustion by minimizing fluctuations in the supply of waste. Since the temperature of a melting furnace is stabilized by this, the meltability of ash is also stabilized.

(2) sealability

Prevents inflow of external air into the gasifier and leakage of combustible gases (CO, H, CH _4, etc.) from the gasifier.

As a waste supply apparatus to a gasifier, the thing of the structure provided with the double damper in the chute, for example is known.

Hereinafter, the waste supply apparatus (flammable substance supply apparatus) to a gasification furnace which concerns on a prior art example is demonstrated, referring an accompanying drawing. FIG. 7 is a view showing a schematic configuration of a fluidized bed gasifier and a combustibles supply device (hereinafter referred to as a waste supply device) for supplying flammables (hereinafter referred to as waste) to the fluidized bed gasifier according to the prior art. Reference numeral 50 shown in FIG. 7 denotes a fluidized-bed gasification furnace (hereinafter referred to as a gasification furnace), which includes a screw conveyor 64 driven by a motor 68 at a waste inlet 53 of the gasification furnace 50. The supply mechanism 62 is provided, the chute 63 provided with the double dampers 59 and 59 connected to this waste supply mechanism 62, and the conveyor 65 connected to this chute 63 is provided. ) Is installed.

The waste 54 injected into the hopper 66 by the crane 61 or the like is conveyed by the conveyor 65 and is introduced into the upper opening of the chute 63 from the tip of the conveyor 65. The waste 54 injected into the chute 63 is intermittently introduced into the waste supply mechanism 62 by the operation of the double dampers 59 and 59 having the seal function. The waste supply mechanism 62 relieves the intermittence of the waste intermittently introduced by the screw conveyor 64 and feeds it into the gasifier 50 continuously (quantitatively) in a predetermined amount.

The waste 54 introduced into the gasifier 50 is gasified under a reducing atmosphere in the fluidized bed 51 flowing by the fluidizing gas 52 flowing from the wind in the bottom part, and produced gas generated in gasification ( 57 exits the fluidized bed 51 and passes through the free board 55 and is led from the product gas outlet 56 to a melting furnace, not shown. In this case, the waste 54 intermittently supplied from the chute 63 is continuously and quantitatively supplied in a constant amount by the action of the screw conveyor 64 of the waste supply mechanism 62, so that the fluidized gas 52 The control for carrying out stable gasification operation of the gasifier 50, such as supply control and furnace temperature control, becomes very easy. In addition, the external air flowing into the gasifier 50 from the waste inlet 53 can be prevented by the sealing function of the double dampers 59 and 59 (see Patent Document 1, for example).

[Patent Document 1]: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-56822

Since the waste supply apparatus for the gasifier according to the conventional example is provided with a double damper consisting of an upper damper and a lower damper which are alternately opened and closed to the chute, it is excellent in terms of sealability, and this waste supply mechanism has a screw conveyor. It is thought that the supply of waste to gasifiers is also excellent. However, from the viewpoint of the quantitative supplyability of the waste of the waste supply apparatus to the gasifier according to this conventional example, it is not necessarily sufficient and is insufficient.

(1) Since the support shaft for freely opening / closing the lower damper is provided on the inner wall side of the gasifier side of the chute, the waste is located farthest from the gasifier of the screw conveyor 64 of the waste supply mechanism 62. Supplied to. Therefore, as a result of requiring time until the waste reaches the waste inlet to the gasifier, the amount of waste to the gasifier fluctuates because there is a time when the waste is short on the screw conveyor 64.

(2) When the screw conveyor of a waste supply mechanism is equipped with a pair of conveying screw which has a rotation center parallel to each other on a horizontal surface, the volume of waste arises in the width direction and the longitudinal direction of a screw conveyor. More specifically, since the volume on the left side and the volume on the right side increase in the lengthwise direction of the screw conveyor, the supply amount of the waste to the gasifier fluctuates.

As described above, the waste supply apparatus for the gasifier according to the above example is considered to be excellent in terms of sealability and to provide excellent quantitative supply of waste to the gasifier. However, since the damper is usually composed of an SS material or an SUS material having excellent corrosion resistance, when the chute is made of metal, sparks are generated by the impact when the chute is closed, and the oil in the waste, for example, ignites.

In the case where the damper is made of SS material, magnetic wastes are attached, and other magnetic wastes are trapped in the magnetic wastes, and the wastes are deposited, and the wastes cannot be supplied to the gasifier smoothly. In addition, when the damper is made of metal, since the friction coefficient is high, there is a possibility that wet and small waste adheres and the sealing property is impaired.

As described above, the waste supply apparatus for the gasifier according to the above example is considered to be excellent in terms of sealability and to provide excellent quantitative supply of waste to the gasifier. However, when waste enters the damper, the sealability cannot be secured and the flow of external air into the gasifier cannot be prevented. In this way, when waste enters the damper, the operation of the waste supply device must be stopped, and for example, the manhole installed in the chute must be opened to remove the waste bitten into the damper. Therefore, not only does not only lower the operation rate of the waste supply apparatus but also requires a great labor for the waste removal operation, which is not preferable. Therefore, in the case of the waste supply apparatus for gasification furnace which concerns on the said example, the following operation | movement which made it possible to avoid the entry of the waste by a damper is performed.

That is, when the damper which is open is closed, operation | movement of the upstream apparatus which supplies waste to the chute provided with this damper is temporarily stopped. After confirming that the damper is completely closed, the upstream equipment is operated. When the waste supply apparatus is operated in this way, the following problems arise.

(1) Since the service life of the waste source supply means decreases due to the increase in the number of start-up and stop of the upstream equipment, that is, the waste source supply means, the running cost increases.

(2) As well as impairing the supply of quantitative waste of wastes, the processing efficiency of the wastes decreases, and the fluctuation of the amount of generated gas gasified in the gasifier increases, so that stable gasification operation control of the gasifier or the melting furnace that leads to the gasifier Stable driving control becomes difficult.

Therefore, the 1st objective of this invention is providing the waste supply apparatus to the gasifier and the waste supply method to the gasifier which are more excellent in quantitative supply performance of waste, The 2nd objective of this invention is the gasification furnace of external air. Provided a waste supply device and a sealing method for preventing the occurrence of sparks when the double damper having a seal function to prevent the inflow into the container is closed, and to prevent the attachment of magnetic waste or small waste And a third object of the present invention is to provide a waste supply method which makes it possible to easily remove the wastes that have entered the upper damper and the lower damper having a seal function of preventing the inflow of outside air into the gasifier. It is.

This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, Therefore, in order to achieve the said 1st objective, the summary of the means employ | adopted by the waste supply apparatus which concerns on Claim 1 of this invention prevents inflow of external air into the gasifier. The upper chute and the lower damper which are alternately opened and closed are connected to the vertical chute portion provided at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction, and the lower end of the vertical chute portion, and the waste supplied through the lower damper. In the waste supply apparatus which comprises the waste conveying apparatus conveyed in the direction of a gasifier, WHEREIN: The said lower damper is parallel to the center line of the longitudinal direction passing through the center of the width direction of the said waste conveying apparatus, and the upper half of the said vertical chute part. The lower left damper and the lower right damper that are opened and closed through a support shaft installed on the inner wall side The merge line of the front end portions of the lower left damper and the lower right damper in the closed state is configured to be located above the center line.

The gist of the means employ | adopted by the waste supply apparatus which concerns on Claim 2 of this invention is the waste supply apparatus of Claim 1 WHEREIN: The lower left damper and the lower right damper of the said lower damper have the front end side from the support shaft side in a closed state. It is characterized in that it is configured to be in the low position as directed.

The gist of the means employ | adopted by the waste supply apparatus to the gasifier of Claim 3 of this invention is the waste supply apparatus of Claim 1 or 2 WHEREIN: The said waste conveying apparatus has rotation centers parallel to each other on a horizontal surface It is a screw conveyor provided with a pair of conveying screw, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

The gist of the means employ | adopted by the waste supply apparatus which concerns on Claim 4 of this invention is the waste supply apparatus to the gasification furnace of Claim 3 WHEREIN: The waste conveyed by this screw conveyor to the position of the front end of the said screw conveyor is crushed ( It is characterized by providing a waste crusher to dissolve.

The gist of the means adopted by the waste supply method according to claim 5 of the present invention has a seal function that prevents the inflow of external air into the gasification furnace, and the upper and lower dampers which are alternately opened and closed are predetermined in the vertical direction. To the gasification furnace by the waste supply apparatus which is provided with the space | interval vertical chute part and the waste conveying apparatus which is connected to the lower end of this vertical chute part, and conveys the waste material supplied through the said lower damper to the direction of the said gasifier. In the waste supply method according to the present invention, after the upper damper is closed, the lower damper is provided on the inner wall side parallel to the center line in the longitudinal direction passing through the center in the width direction of the waste conveying apparatus and opposite to the vertical chute portion. Discard both sides with the support shaft as the support point and receive when the upper damper is opened In order to convey water to the said waste conveying apparatus, it is made to fall toward the said centerline, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

The gist of the means employ | adopted by the waste supply method of Claim 6 of this invention is the waste supply method of Claim 5 WHEREIN: The waste conveyed to the said waste conveying apparatus is supplied to a gasifier by crushing it with a waste crusher. It is to be done.

In order to achieve the second object, the gist of the means adopted by the waste supply apparatus according to claim 7 of the present invention has an upper damper which has a sealing function of preventing the inflow of external air into the gasification furnace and is opened and closed alternately. And a vertical chute portion provided with lower dampers at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, and a waste conveying apparatus for conveying the waste supplied through the vertical chute portion in the direction of the gasifier. Each damper body of the upper damper and the lower damper is composed of a damper substrate and a hard low friction resin plate fixed to the upper surface of these damper substrates by mechanical fastening means, and when these upper dampers and lower dampers are closed. The upper surface of the outer edge portion of the hard low friction resin plate is formed on the seal surface formed inside the vertical chute portion. It is characterized by being configured to abut.

The gist of the means adopted by the waste supply apparatus according to claim 8 of the present invention is the waste supply apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the mechanical fastening means has a female screw engraved on the damper substrate so that the upper surface of the screw head is the hard low friction resin. The countersunk head screw is screwed so as to be at a lower position than the upper surface of the plate, and the resin coating layer is formed on the upper surface of the screw head.

The gist of the means adopted by the sealing method of the waste supply apparatus according to claim 9 of the present invention includes a vertical chute portion in which an upper damper and a lower damper are provided at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, and the waste supplied through the vertical chute portion. In the sealing method of the waste supply apparatus which comprises the waste conveying apparatus which conveys to the gasifier, and which prevents inflow of external air into the said gasifier, The said upper damper and the said lower damper are alternately closed, When sealing, the upper surface of the outer edge portion of the hard low friction resin plate of the damper main body constituting these upper and lower dampers is brought into contact with the seal surface formed inside the vertical chute portion.

The inventors say that the upper damper and the lower damper are opened and closed once every 15 seconds, for example, each damper is opened and closed 240 times per hour, and the number of times the waste enters the upper damper in one hour is twice (1/120). We found out to). Therefore, the inventors can greatly improve the problems described in the above (1) and (2) in the problem to be solved by the present invention by eliminating the unnecessary start / stop of at least 238 times per hour of the upstream equipment. And it is thought that the third object can be achieved to achieve the waste supply method according to the present invention. In addition, even if the number of times per hour that waste enters an upper damper is two times, it can be understood that it originates from the following point. That is, since the waste lumps coarsely crushed by the crusher are separately supplied to the upper damper at a certain interval, the frequency of the waste lumps falling to a predetermined position at the moment when the upper damper is closed is small. Moreover, a mud thing may adhere to the lower damper by long term operation.

Thus, in order to achieve the third object, the gist of the means adopted by the waste supply method according to claim 10 of the present invention has a sealing function of preventing the inflow of external air into the gasification furnace, and is opened and closed alternately. Waste by the waste supply apparatus provided with the vertical chute part which the upper damper and the lower damper installed in the up-down direction at predetermined intervals, and conveying the waste supplied through the said vertical chute part to the direction of the said gasification furnace. In the supply method, when the upper cylinder for opening and closing the upper damper is operated in the direction of closing the upper damper, when the damper closing signal cannot be received, it is determined that waste is passed into the upper damper and the vertical chute is determined. Temporarily stopping the input of waste into the department and stopping the input of waste The upper damper is opened in order to remove the wastes, and the open upper dampers are operated in the direction of closing the open dampers. When the damper closing signal is received, the waste damped in the upper dampers is determined to have been removed. It is characterized by starting the input of waste into the vertical chute part.

The summary of the means employ | adopted by the waste supply method of Claim 11 of this invention is the waste supply method of Claim 10 WHEREIN: The elapsed time by a timer from the time of starting operation of the said upper cylinder to the direction which closes the said upper damper. It is characterized in that the count is stopped and the count is stopped when the damper closing signal is not transmitted even though the preset time has elapsed, and it is determined that the waste has passed into the upper damper.

The gist of the means employ | adopted by the waste supply method of Claim 12 of this invention is the waste supply method of Claim 10 or 11 WHEREIN: The damper closing signal of the said upper damper is received from the limit switch which detects the stroke of the said upper cylinder. It is characterized by sending.

The gist of the means adopted by the waste supply method according to claim 13 of the present invention is that in the waste supply method according to claim 10, the lower cylinder for opening and closing the lower damper is operated in the direction of closing the lower damper. If it is not possible to receive the damper closing signal, it is determined that the waste has passed into the lower damper, and the lower damper is opened to operate in order to close the opened lower damper in order to remove the waste, and the damper is operated. When the closing signal is received, it is determined that the waste bited into the lower damper is removed, and the operation is performed in the direction of opening the upper damper.

The summary of the means employ | adopted by the waste supply method of Claim 14 of this invention is the waste supply method of Claim 13 WHEREIN: The elapsed time by a timer from the time of starting operation of the said lower cylinder in the direction which closes the said lower damper. It is characterized in that the count is stopped and the count is stopped when the damper closing signal is not transmitted even though the preset time has elapsed, and it is determined that the waste has passed into the lower damper.

The gist of the means employ | adopted by the waste supply method of Claim 15 of this invention is the waste supply method of Claim 13 or 14 WHEREIN: The damper closing signal of the said lower damper is received from the limit switch which detects the stroke of the said lower cylinder. It is characterized by sending.

In the waste supply apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention, the lower damper is a lower portion parallel to the longitudinal center line passing through the center in the width direction of the waste conveying apparatus, and opened and closed through a support shaft provided on the opposite inner wall side of the vertical chute portion. It consists of a left damper and a lower right damper, and the merging line of the front-end | tip part of the lower left damper and the lower right damper in a closed state is comprised so that it may be located above the said centerline. In the waste supply method according to claim 5 of the present invention, after closing the upper damper, the lower damper is parallel to the center line in the longitudinal direction passing through the center in the width direction of the waste conveying apparatus, and the inner wall side opposite to the vertical chute portion. Both sides of the support shaft provided at the support point are opened, and the waste received when the upper damper is opened is dropped toward the center line in order to convey the waste to the waste conveying apparatus.

Therefore, according to the waste supply apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention or the waste supply method according to claim 5 of the present invention, it is possible to supply the waste conveying apparatus with waste having a length along the dimension in the gas path direction of the lower damper. Immediately after the lower left damper and the lower right damper start to open, the waste falls to the center of the width direction of the waste conveying apparatus and also falls away from the center of the width direction as the opening width becomes wider. Therefore, the cross-sectional shape at each position in the longitudinal direction of the waste gasification furnace direction on the waste conveying device becomes an acid shape, and the volume of right and left of the waste is less biased, so that the quantitative supply performance of the waste gasification furnace is improved. do.

In the waste supply apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention, the lower left damper and the lower right damper of the lower damper are configured to be in a low position from the support shaft side toward the leading end side in the closed state. Therefore, according to the waste supply apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention, since the upper surfaces of the lower left damper and the lower right damper are inclined before being opened and are formed in a hopper shape, the lower left damper and the lower right damper are opened. At the outset, waste can be efficiently fed onto a waste conveying device.

In the waste supply apparatus according to claim 3 of the present invention, the waste conveying apparatus is a screw conveyor provided with a pair of conveying screws having rotation centers parallel to each other on a horizontal plane. Therefore, according to the waste supply apparatus according to claim 3 of the present invention, waste of length along the dimension in the gas path direction of the lower damper is supplied from the lower damper between the pair of conveying screws of the screw conveyor.

In the waste supply apparatus which concerns on Claim 4 of this invention, the waste crusher which disassembles the waste conveyed by this screw conveyor is provided in the front-end | front position of a screw conveyor.

Moreover, in the waste supply method of Claim 6 of this invention, the waste conveyed to the waste conveying apparatus is supplied to a gasification furnace, pulverizing with a waste crusher.

Therefore, according to the waste supply apparatus according to claim 4 of the present invention, or the waste supply method according to claim 6 of the present invention, since the waste conveyed to the screw conveyor or the waste conveying apparatus is crushed by the waste crusher, the waste quantitative supply performance This is further improved.

In the waste supply apparatus according to claim 7 of the present invention or the waste supply apparatus according to claim 9 of the present invention, the rigidity of each damper main body of the upper damper and the lower damper provided in the vertical chute portion of the waste supply apparatus. The upper surface of the outer edge portion of the low friction resin plate is in contact with the seal surface formed inside the vertical chute portion.

Therefore, according to the waste supply apparatus according to claim 7 of the present invention or the waste supply apparatus according to claim 9 of the present invention, the outer edge portion of the hard low friction resin plate when the upper damper and the lower damper are closed. Since the upper surface abuts on the seal surface formed inside the vertical chute portion, even if the sheet surface formed on the vertical chute portion is made of metal, there is no fear of sparking. In addition, since the magnetic waste does not adhere to the hard low friction resin plate, and the small waste with low friction coefficient does not adhere, there is no fear that the sealability is impaired.

According to the waste supply apparatus according to claim 8 of the present invention, since the hard low friction resin plate is attached to the damper substrate by a countersunk head screw (mechanical fastening means), attaching and detaching the hard low friction resin plate to the damper substrate ( It is easy to exchange) and a resin coating layer is formed on the upper surface of the screw head of the countersunk head screw, thereby preventing the adhesion of magnetic material to the screw head of the countersunk head screw and the contact of the corrosive material.

In the waste supply method according to claim 10 of the present invention, when the upper cylinder for opening and closing the upper damper is operated in the direction of closing the upper damper, when the damper closing signal cannot be received, the waste is bitten by the upper damper. It is judged that it has entered, and the input of waste to the vertical chute unit is temporarily stopped. Then, in order to remove the waste bited out during the stopping of the waste input, the upper damper is opened, and in the direction of closing the open upper damper, when the damper closing signal is received, the waste bites into the upper damper. Is removed, and it is determined that the upper damper is completely closed, and the input of waste to the vertical chute portion is started.

Therefore, according to the waste supply method according to claim 10 of the present invention, when the waste does not enter the upper damper, the waste is fed into the vertical chute portion, and the waste on the upstream side which supplies the waste to the vertical chute portion. Since the operation of the original supply means is not stopped, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Since the number of times of starting and stopping of the upstream waste source supply means is reduced, the decrease in the life of the waste source supply means can be suppressed, which can contribute to a reduction in running cost.

(2) The rate at which the quantitative supply of waste is impaired is reduced, the treatment efficiency of the waste is improved, and the fluctuation of the amount of generated gas gasified in the gasifier can be suppressed, so that stable gasification operation control of the gasifier or gasification Stable operation control of the furnace following the furnace is facilitated.

In the waste supply method according to claim 11 of the present invention, the count of the elapsed time is started by a timer from the time of starting operation of the upper cylinder in the direction of closing the upper damper, and the damper is closed even though the preset time has elapsed. If no signal is sent, the count is stopped and it is determined that waste has flowed into the upper damper. Therefore, according to the waste supply method according to claim 11 of the present invention, since the unnecessary stop time of the waste supply apparatus can be reduced, it is possible to obtain the effect of shortening the time required for removing the waste bited into the upper damper.

In the waste supply method according to claim 12 of the present invention, the damper closing signal of the upper damper is transmitted from the limit switch detecting the stroke of the upper cylinder. Therefore, according to the waste supply method according to claim 12 of the present invention, since only one limit switch is required, the configuration of the control system for controlling the damper operating means is not very complicated or expensive.

In the waste supply method according to claim 13 of the present invention, even if the lower cylinder for opening and closing the lower damper is operated in the direction of closing the lower damper, when the damper closing signal cannot be received, waste is bitten into the lower damper. When it is judged that it has entered, the lower damper is opened in order to remove the waste, and the open lower damper is operated in the direction of closing, and when the damper closing signal is received, the waste bited into the lower damper is removed. Judgment is made in the direction in which the upper damper is opened.

Therefore, according to the waste supply method according to claim 13 of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the waste supply method according to claim 10, it can be seen that the waste has passed into the lower damper, and the waste that has passed into the lower damper is surely removed. can do. As a result, the waste does not accumulate and remain on the lower damper due to the transfer of the waste, and the waste can be conveyed by the waste conveying apparatus and put into the waste inlet of the gasifier. Reduction, and the waste disposal efficiency is improved.

In the waste supply method according to claim 14 of the present invention, the count of the elapsed time is started by a timer from the start of operation of the lower cylinder in the direction of closing the lower damper, and the damper is closed even though the preset time has elapsed. If no signal is sent, the count is stopped and it is determined that waste has flowed into the lower damper. Therefore, according to the waste supply method according to claim 14 of the present invention, since the unnecessary stop time of the waste supply apparatus can be reduced, it is possible to obtain the effect of shortening the time required for removing the waste bited into the lower damper.

In the waste supply method according to claim 15 of the present invention, the damper closing signal of the lower damper is transmitted from the limit switch detecting the stroke of the lower cylinder. Therefore, according to the waste supply method according to claim 15 of the present invention, since only two limit switches are required, the configuration of the control system for controlling the damper operating means is not very complicated or expensive.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic block diagram of the structure of the waste supply apparatus to the gasifier which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention.
FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1 and is an explanatory view of the shape of wastes supplied to a pair of conveying screws of an upper damper and a lower damper and a screw conveyor (waste conveying apparatus).
It is explanatory drawing which shows the plane state of the waste conveyed by a pair of conveyance screw of a screw conveyor as FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of a waste supply apparatus, together with a gasifier for gasifying waste, according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
4 (a) is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the upper damper and the lower damper according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of portion C of FIG. 4A.
FIG. 5: is a schematic block diagram of the pressure generator which operates the upper and lower cylinders of the upper damper and the lower damper of the waste supply apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention, and the control apparatus which controls a pressure generating apparatus. FIG.
FIG. 6: is a schematic block diagram of the pressure generator which operates the upper and lower cylinders of the upper damper and the lower damper of the waste supply apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3a of this invention, and the control apparatus which controls a pressure generating apparatus.
FIG. 7 is a view showing a schematic configuration of a fluidized bed gasifier and a waste supply apparatus for supplying waste to the fluidized bed gasifier according to a conventional example.

Hereinafter, the waste supply apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention is demonstrated, referring an accompanying drawing sequentially. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic structural explanatory diagram of a waste supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and Fig. 2 (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of Fig. 1, wherein the upper and lower dampers are opened and closed, and a screw conveyor (waste) (B) is sectional drawing of the BB line of FIG. 1, and shows the planar state of the waste conveyed by a pair of conveying screw of a screw conveyor. It is explanatory drawing shown.

1 is a waste supply apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. This waste supply apparatus 1 is connected to the vertical chute part 6 mentioned later, the waste conveying apparatus 7 with which waste is supplied from this vertical chute part 6, and this waste conveying apparatus 7, The waste supply chute 8 which is obliquely connected to the waste inlet 21 of the gasifier 20 and supplies the waste 9 is provided. That is, the waste 9 injected into the waste hopper 2 by a waste input device not shown, such as a crane, is extruded by the pusher 3, and the extruded waste 9 is roughly crushed by the crusher 4. . The waste roughly crushed by the crusher 4 is conveyed obliquely upward by the conveyor 5 provided in the hermetic conveyor housing, and is configured to drop-feed to the vertical chute part 6.

In the vertical chute portion 6, a double damper having a sealing function to be described later is built in, and a cross section is formed in a rectangular shape. And it is comprised by the waste conveying apparatus 7 which is connected to the lower part of this vertical chute part 6, and which the below-mentioned screw conveyor and waste crusher which carry waste to the said gasifier 20 side are built in. Moreover, the upper end of the waste supply chute 8 which obliquely communicates downward to the waste inlet 21 of the said gasifier 20 is connected to the lower part of the front end of the said waste conveying apparatus 7.

The double damper built in the vertical chute 6 is the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 provided at a predetermined distance below the upper damper 11, and these are shown in FIG. It is composed together. First, the configuration of the upper damper 11 will be described. The upper damper 11 includes an upper left damper 11 _L and an upper right damper 11 _R. The upper left damper (11 _L) in the direction of the waste transport device into the gasification of (7) the longitudinal center line (Lc) parallel with, and also a vertical chute portion 6 of passing through the center in the width direction of 20 It opens and closes through the upper support shaft 11p provided in the left inner wall side toward the side. In the direction of the waste transport device into the gasification of (7) the longitudinal center line (Lc) parallel with, and also a vertical chute portion 6 of passing through the center in the width direction 20, the upper right damper (11 _R) It opens and closes through the upper support shaft 11p provided in the inner side of the right side toward.

Merging line (11m) which is partitioned to form by contact of the front end portion of the upper left damper (11 _L) and the jinjik (眞直) that is closed relative upper right damper (11 _R), the shape of the vertical chute section 6 It is comprised so that it may be located above the center line Lc of the longitudinal direction passing through the center of the width of the left-right direction, ie, the center of the width direction of the waste conveying apparatus 7. In the state where the upper left damper 11 _L and the upper right damper 11 _R are closed, the upper left damper 11 _L and the upper right damper 11 _R are distal from the upper support shaft 11p side. according to the facing side so that the low position, more specifically, is configured so that the angle (θ) is the upper left damper (11 _L) and the upper right damper (11 _R) forms, for example 150 °.

In the present embodiment 1, the upper damper 11 there is a 2 comprising the upper left damper (11 _L) and the upper right damper (11, _R) configurations, one as in the conventional example, if the configuration, and It may be comprised so that the vertical chute part 6 may be opened and closed via an upper support shaft provided on the inner wall side in the gasification furnace 20 direction.

The next time a configuration of the lower damper 12, the lower damper 12 is provided with a lower left damper (12 _L), and a lower right-side damper (12 _R). The lower left damper (12 _L) in the direction of the waste transport device into the gasification of (7) the longitudinal center line (Lc) parallel with, and also a vertical chute portion 6 of passing through the center in the width direction of 20 It is comprised so that it may open and close through the lower support shaft 12p provided in the left inner wall side toward the side. In addition of the said waste transport device into the gasification of 7 center line (Lc) parallel with, and also a vertical chute section 6 in the longitudinal direction passing through the center in the width direction 20, the lower right damper (12 _R) It is comprised so that it may open and close via the lower support shaft 12p provided in the right inner wall side toward the direction.

Of the lower left damper (12 _L) and the lower right damper (12 _R) merging line (12m) which is partitioned to form by contact of jinjik-shaped distal end portion for contact is closed are left and right of the vertical chute section 6 direction width It is comprised so that it may be located above the center line Lc of the longitudinal direction passing through the center of the ie, the center of the width direction of the waste conveying apparatus 7. Further, the lower left damper tip portion from (12 _L) and in the lower right-side damper of (12 _R) in a closed state, the lower left damper (12 _L) and the lower right damper (12 _R) comprises a lower supporting shaft (12p) side depending on the side facing to the lower position, and is configured such that more specifically, the lower left damper (12 _L) and the lower right damper (12 _L) the angle (θ) is, for example 150 ° forms.

Thus, according to the lower damper 12 in such a configuration, the upper surface of the lower left damper (12 _L) and the lower right damper (12 _R) is inclined before it is opened, because it is formed in a hopper shape, the lower left damper (12 _{When L} ) and the lower right damper 12 _R start to open, it is possible to obtain an excellent effect of efficiently supplying waste onto a screw conveyor described later.

The upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 are alternately opened and closed so that one of the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 is necessarily closed in order to prevent inflow of external air into the gasifier 20. It is configured to be.

In the waste conveying apparatus 7, a screw conveyor 13 for conveying the waste supplied from the lower damper 12 in the direction of the gasifier 20 is housed. This screw conveyor 13 is provided with a pair of conveying screw 13a which has the center of rotation parallel to each other on a horizontal surface. Moreover, the waste crusher 14 which disassembles the waste extruded from the screw conveyor 13 is provided in the front end side of the said screw conveyor 13, and the outer side position.

In addition, although the waste crusher 14 in this Embodiment 1 is rotary, it is possible to employ | adopt the thing of a rocking type structure.

Hereinafter, the operation aspect of the waste supply apparatus 1 which becomes the said structure is demonstrated. The waste 9 supplied to the waste hopper 2 is extruded by the pusher 3, and the extruded waste is roughly crushed by the crusher 4. The waste roughly crushed by the crusher 4 is conveyed obliquely upward by the conveyor 5, and is supplied dropwise to the upper damper 11 of the vertical chute 6.

When a predetermined amount of waste is collected on the upper damper 11, the upper damper 11 is opened and closed after a few seconds, while a predetermined amount of waste collected on the upper damper 11 and the conveyor The waste conveyed obliquely upward by (5) is injected into the upper surface of the lower damper 12. Next, a few seconds after the upper damper 11 is closed, the lower damper 12 is opened, and remains open for several seconds after being opened. Since that since When supplying waste put in the lower damper 12 on the screw conveyor 13, the leading end of jinjik shaped relative the lower left damper (12 _L) and the lower right damper (12 _R) opened, the waste transport It falls on the center line Lc of the longitudinal direction passing through the center of the width direction of the apparatus 7 specifically, between a pair of conveying screw 13a of the screw conveyor 13. As shown in FIG.

Therefore, the waste of length along the dimension of the lower damper 12 in the direction of the gasification furnace 20 is supplied on the pair of conveying screws 13a of the screw conveyor 13, and the waste of the screw conveyor 13 Since it becomes acid-shaped in the width direction of a pair of conveying screw 13a, the deviation of the right and left volume of waste becomes small. The waste supplied to the screw conveyor 13 is conveyed by the rotation of the pair of conveying screws 13a, and further pulverized by the waste crusher 14, and through the waste supply chute 8, the waste inlet ( 21 is injected into the gasifier 20. The waste put into the gasifier 20 is gasified at a temperature of 500 to 600 ° C. and decomposed into combustible gas, fixed carbon powder and ash. Next, the decomposed combustible gas and the fixed carbon powder are burned in a melting furnace not shown, and the ash is melted at a temperature of 1300 ° C. or higher of the melting furnace to form molten slag. In addition, the lower damper 12 supplies waste to the screw conveyor 13, and then closes for several seconds, and the first upper damper 11 that is closed is opened to open the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12. ) Is repeatedly opened and closed at predetermined intervals.

In the waste supply apparatus 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention, as mentioned above, the lower damper 12 is parallel with the center line Lc of the longitudinal direction passing through the center of the width direction of the waste conveying apparatus 7. and also it comprises a vertical chute section 6, a lower left damper (12 _L) and the lower right damper (12 _R) to be opened and closed via the opposite lower support shaft (12p) provided on the inner wall side on which the, in the closed state, merging line (12m) of the front end of the lower left damper (12 _L) and the lower right damper (12 _R) is composed so as to be positioned above the center line (Lc).

Therefore, according to the waste supply apparatus 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention, waste of length along the dimension of the gasifier 20 direction of the lower damper 12 can be supplied to the screw conveyor 13, Furthermore, Waste immediately after the lower left damper 12 _L and the lower right damper 12 _R start to open, and the center of the width direction of the screw conveyor 13 (the lengthwise direction passing through the center of the width direction of the waste conveying device 7). Position of the center line Lc), that is, between the pair of conveying screws 13a, and in the direction away from the center in the width direction as the opening width is widened. Therefore, the cross-sectional shape at each position in the gas path direction of the waste 9 on the pair of conveying screws 13a of the screw conveyor 13 becomes a mountain shape, and the right and left volume of the waste 9 is biased. As a result, the capacity for quantitative supply of waste into the gasifier is improved.

Further, in the waste supply device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the lower left damper (12 _L) and the lower right damper (12 _R) of the lower damper 12 is from In the lower support shaft (12p) side in the closed state It is comprised so that it may become low position toward the front end side. Therefore, since the upper surfaces of the lower left damper 12 _L and the lower right damper 12 _R are inclined before being opened and are formed in a hopper shape, the lower left damper 12 _L and the lower right damper 12 _{R are} formed. When is started to open, waste can be efficiently supplied onto the pair of conveying screws 13a of the screw conveyor 13.

Moreover, the waste crusher 14 which disintegrates the waste extruded from this screw conveyor 13 is installed in the front-end | front position of the screw conveyor 13, and conveyed by rotation of a pair of conveying screw 13a. Since the waste is further crushed by the waste crusher 14 and introduced into the gasifier 20 from the waste inlet 21 through the waste supply chute 8, the supply of large lumps of waste is eliminated and It can greatly contribute to the improvement of supply. In addition, it is possible to suppress the generation of harmful components of the exhaust gas and to suppress the fluctuation of the gas generation amount, and to improve the performance of the gasification melting plant and to reduce the margin ratio of each apparatus, thereby contributing to the cost reduction of the gasification melting plant.

The waste gas supply apparatus for gasification furnace which concerns on the said Embodiment 1 is only one specific example of this invention, Therefore, the design change etc. in the range which does not deviate from the technical idea of this invention are free materials, and the waste supply apparatus for gasifier is The form of is not limited to the structure which concerns on the said embodiment.

For example, in the above embodiment, the case where the conveyor 5 is provided in the waste supply apparatus 1 was demonstrated as an example. However, it can be set as the structure which directly falls and supplies the waste shredded by the crusher 4 to the vertical chute part 6 without providing a conveyor. By setting it as such a structure, an installation space may be narrow and the building which accommodates these facilities can be made small, and the economic effect that the installation cost according to a waste supply apparatus can be reduced is acquired.

In addition, the shredder 4 can be provided separately from the waste supply device 1. With such a configuration, even if the shredder 4 is stopped during operation due to some trouble, the waste supply device 1 can continuously supply the waste gas to the gasifier 20 so that the continuous operability is improved. Effect is obtained.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, while attaching the waste supply apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention which implements the waste supply method of this invention with reference to an accompanying drawing in order, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the said Embodiment 1 and it demonstrates using the same name. . FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram of a waste supply apparatus together with a gasifier for gasifying waste according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and FIG. 4 (a) is a schematic configuration description of an upper damper and a lower damper. 4 (b) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the portion C in FIG. 4 (a).

3 is a waste supply apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention which implements the waste supply method of this invention. This waste supply apparatus 1 is connected to the vertical chute part 6 mentioned later, the waste conveying apparatus 7 with which waste is supplied from this vertical chute part 6, and this waste conveying apparatus 7, The waste supply chute 8 which is connected obliquely to the waste inlet 21 of the gasifier 20 and supplies the waste 9 is provided. That is, the waste 9 injected into the waste hopper 2 by a waste input device not shown, such as a crane, is extruded by the pusher 3, and the extruded waste 9 is roughly crushed by the crusher 4. . The waste roughly crushed by the crusher 4 is conveyed obliquely upward by the conveyor 5 provided in the hermetic conveyor housing, and is configured to drop-feed to the vertical chute part 6.

In the vertical chute portion 6, a double damper having a sealing function to be described later is built in, and a cross section is formed in a rectangular shape. And it is comprised by the waste conveying apparatus 7 which is connected to the lower part of this vertical chute part 6, and which the below-mentioned screw conveyor and waste crusher which carry waste to the said gasifier 20 side are built in. Moreover, the upper end of the waste supply chute 8 which obliquely communicates downward to the waste inlet 21 of the said gasifier 20 is connected to the lower part of the front end of the said waste conveying apparatus 7.

The double damper built in the vertical chute 6 is the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 provided at a predetermined distance below the upper damper 11. First, the upper damper 11 is a closed position inclined 15 ° with respect to the horizontal line by using the upper support shaft 11p provided on the inner wall side of the gas chute furnace 20 in the direction side of the vertical chute portion 6 as the rotational movement support point. It is comprised so that it may open until it becomes a vertical position orthogonal to a horizontal line by rotating in a downward direction from 75 degree | times.

In addition, the lower damper 12 is provided at a position separated from the upper damper 11 of the vertical chute part 6 by a predetermined distance, and the inner wall side of the vertical chute part 6 in the direction of the gasification passage 20. The lower support shaft 12p provided at the upper side is used as the rotation support point, and is rotated 75 degrees downward from the closed position inclined 15 degrees with respect to the horizontal line, and is opened until it becomes a perpendicular position perpendicular to the horizontal line. .

By the way, in this Embodiment 2, the inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line in the state which the said upper damper 11 and the said lower damper 12 closed is all set to 15 degrees as mentioned above. However, the inclination angle of the upper and lower dampers with respect to the horizontal line is to be set appropriately, so it is not limited to 15 °.

Moreover, in this Embodiment 2, although the said upper support shaft 11p and the said lower support shaft 12p are both provided in the inner wall side of the gas furnace 20 of the vertical chute part 6 in the direction side, Since it can be similar, it is not limited to this structure.

(1) Both the upper support shaft 11p and the lower support shaft 12p can be provided on the inner wall side of the side facing away from the gasification furnace 20 of the vertical chute portion 6.

(2) The lower support shaft 12p is set to the position on the direction side of the gasification furnace 20 of the vertical chute portion 6, and the upper support shaft 11p is the gasification furnace of the vertical chute portion 6 ( 20) can be provided on the inner wall side on the opposite side of the sheet.

(3) The upper support shaft 11p is set to the position on the direction side of the gasification furnace 20 of the vertical chute portion 6, and the lower support shaft 12p is the gasification furnace of the vertical chute portion 6 ( 20) can be provided on the inner wall side on the opposite side of the sheet.

In addition, as described in the above (2) and (3), the upper support shaft 11p and the lower support shaft 12p are provided on the inner walls of the vertical chute portion 6 opposed to each other from the upper damper 11. Waste can be dropped on the lower support shaft 12p side of the lower damper 12. Therefore, since the deposit adhering to the upper surface of the lower damper 12 continues to be discarded by the sliding of the waste falling from the upper damper 11, the cleaning operation frequency of the lower damper 12 is reduced, so that the waste supply apparatus The effect of reducing the maintenance cost of is obtained.

The upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 are configured as shown in Figs. 4A and 4B. First, the upper damper 11 is formed of, for example, a damper substrate 11b made of SS or SUS material, and an upper damper body 11 made of a hard low friction resin plate 11c fixed to an upper surface of the damper substrate 11b. 11a) and one end side is rotatably supported by the upper support shaft 11p, and the other end side supports the rotary damper main body 11a through the bracket 11e and the connecting pin 11f. It consists of the upper support arm 11h.

The hard low friction resin plate 11c is damped by a countersunk head screw 11d (mechanical fastening means) attached to each of a plurality of female screws 11s engraved on the damper substrate 11b. It is fixed to the upper surface of 11b.

In addition, an inverted conical trapezoidal shape which burys the upper surface of the countersunk head screw 11d accommodated in the mortar-shaped screw head receiving hole of the hard low friction resin plate 11c, wherein the upper surface is the hard low friction resin The surface and one side of the plate 11c prevents the corrosive substance from contacting the upper surface of the countersunk head screw 11d and the coating layer 11g for preventing adhesion of the magnetic substance contained in the waste. to be.

One end of the upper arm 11i is fixed to the shaft end projecting outward from the vertical chute portion 6 of the upper support shaft 11p supporting the upper support arm 11h, and the tip end of the upper arm 11i. The tip of the expansion rod of the upper cylinder 11j is pivotally mounted. That is, the upper damper main body 11a rotates 75 degrees through the upper arm 11i, the upper support shaft 11p, and the upper support arm 11h by the expansion and contraction of the expansion rod of the upper cylinder 11j. have.

The lower damper 12 is, for example, a damper substrate 12b made of an SS material or an SUS material, and a lower damper body 12a made of a hard low friction resin plate 12c fixed to an upper surface of the damper substrate 12b. And the one end side is rotatably supported by the lower support shaft 12p, and the other end is rotatably supporting the lower damper body 12a through the bracket 12e and the connecting pin 12f. It consists of the lower support arm 12h.

The hard low friction resin plate 12c is formed by the countersunk head screws 12d (mechanical fastening means) attached to each of the plurality of female screws 12s formed by the damper substrate 12b. It is fixed to the upper surface of 12b.

Moreover, it is formed in the inverted conical trapezoid shape which burys the upper surface of the said pan head small screw 12d accommodated in the mortar-shaped screw head receiving hole of the said hard low friction resin plate 12c, and an upper surface is the said hard low friction resin The one surface and one surface of the plate 12c prevents the corrosive material from contacting the upper surface of the countersunk head screw 12d, and the coating layer 12g for preventing adhesion of the magnetic material contained in the waste. to be.

One end of the lower arm 12i is fixed to the shaft end projecting outward from the vertical chute portion 6 of the lower support shaft 12p supporting the lower support arm 12h, and the front end of the lower arm 12i. The tip of the expansion rod of the lower cylinder 12j is pivotally mounted. That is, the lower damper main body 12a rotates 75 ° through the lower arm 12i, the lower support shaft 12p, and the lower support arm 12h by the expansion and contraction of the expansion rod of the lower cylinder 12j. have. As will be well understood from the above description, these upper dampers 11 and lower dampers 12 and the actuation mechanism are of the same configuration.

An ultra high molecular weight polyethylene resin having 3 to 8 million macromolecular weights was used for the hard low friction resin plate 11c of the upper damper main body 11a and the hard low friction resin plate 12c of the lower damper main body 12a. . In the embodiment of the present invention, an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene resin is used as described above, but it is not particularly limited to this resin, for example, PC (polycarbonate), ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer) Resin etc. can also be used. That is, the material of the hard low friction resin plate is not limited to the type of resin because it is excellent in wear resistance, impact resistance, chemical resistance, and the like.

In addition, the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 are closed so that one of the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 is necessarily closed in order to prevent inflow of external air into the gasifier 20. It is configured to open and close alternately.

Moreover, the screw conveyer 13 which conveys the waste material supplied from the said lower damper 12 to the direction of the gasifier 20 is accommodated in the said waste conveying apparatus 7 inside. This screw conveyor 13 is provided with a pair of conveying screw 13a which has the center of rotation parallel to each other on a horizontal surface. Moreover, the waste crusher 14 which disassembles the waste extruded from the screw conveyor 13 is provided in the front end side of the said screw conveyor 13, and the outer side position. In addition, although the waste crusher 14 in this Embodiment 2 is rotary, it is possible to employ | adopt the thing of a rocking type structure.

Hereinafter, the operation aspect of the waste supply apparatus 1 which becomes the said structure is demonstrated. The waste 9 supplied to the waste hopper 2 is extruded by the pusher 3, and the extruded waste is roughly crushed by the crusher 4. The waste roughly crushed by the crusher 4 is conveyed obliquely upward by the conveyor 5, and is supplied dropwise to the upper damper 11 of the vertical chute 6.

When a predetermined amount of waste is collected on the upper surface of the upper damper 11, the upper damper 11 is opened and closed after a few seconds, while a predetermined amount of waste collected on the upper damper 11, Waste conveyed obliquely upward by the conveyor 5 is put on the lower damper 12. Next, a few seconds after the upper damper 11 is closed, the lower damper 12 is opened, and remains open for several seconds after being opened. Therefore, the waste put into the lower damper falls on the screw conveyor 13 specifically on a pair of conveying screw 13a.

The waste dropped on the pair of conveying screws 13a is conveyed by the rotation of the pair of conveying screws 13a. Then, the waste discharged from the tip of the screw conveyor 13 is further crushed by the waste crusher 14, and is introduced into the gasifier 20 from the waste inlet 21 through the waste supply chute 8. The waste put into the gasifier 20 is gasified at a temperature of 500 to 600 ° C. and decomposed into combustible gas, fixed carbon powder and ash.

Next, the decomposed combustible gas and the fixed carbon powder are burned in a melting furnace not shown, and the ash is melted at a temperature of 1300 ° C. or higher of the melting furnace to form molten slag. In addition, the lower damper 12 supplies waste to the screw conveyor 13, and then closes for several seconds, and the first upper damper 11 that is closed is opened to open the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12. ) Is repeatedly opened and closed once every predetermined second.

According to the waste supply apparatus 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention, in the above process, since the upper surfaces of the upper damper main body 11a and the lower damper main body 12a are all hard low friction resin plates, it is a vertical chute | shoot. Even if the seal surface (not shown) formed in the section 6 is made of metal, no spark is generated due to the impact when it is closed, so there is no fear that the oil in the waste may ignite. In addition, since the magnetic waste does not adhere, there is no fear that other waste may be caught and the waste may be deposited and the waste may not be supplied to the gasifier smoothly. In addition, the moist waste is not adhered because the friction coefficient is low, so there is no fear that the sealing property is impaired.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, while attaching the waste supply apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention which implements the waste supply method of this invention with reference to an accompanying drawing in order, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the said embodiment and it demonstrates using the same name. FIG. 5: is a schematic block diagram of the pressure generator which operates the upper and lower cylinders of the upper damper and the lower damper of the waste supply apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention, and the control apparatus which controls a pressure generating apparatus. FIG. In addition, since the structure of the waste supply apparatus itself which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention is the same structure as the said Embodiment 2, the structure of the waste supply apparatus itself is demonstrated, referring FIG.

3 is a waste supply apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 which implements the waste supply method of this invention. This waste supply apparatus 1 is connected to the vertical chute part 6 mentioned later, the waste conveying apparatus 7 with which waste is supplied from this vertical chute part 6, and this waste conveying apparatus 7, The waste supply chute 8 which is connected obliquely to the waste inlet 21 of the gasifier 20 and supplies the waste 9 is provided. That is, the waste 9 injected into the waste hopper 2 by a waste input device not shown, such as a crane, is extruded by the pusher 3, and the extruded waste 9 is roughly crushed by the crusher 4. . The waste 9 roughly crushed by the crusher 4 is conveyed obliquely upward by the conveyor 5 provided in the hermetic conveyor housing, and is configured to be drop-fed and supplied to the vertical chute 6. . In addition, in the case of this Embodiment 3, the waste source supply means is comprised from the waste hopper 2, the pusher 3, the crusher 4, and the conveyor 5. As shown in FIG.

The vertical chute part 6 has a double damper having a sealing function described later, and a cross section is formed in a rectangular shape. And the waste conveying apparatus 7 which is connected to the lower part of this vertical chute part 6, and which the below-mentioned screw conveyor and waste crusher which conveys the waste 9 to the said gasifier 20 side is built in is provided. . Moreover, the upper end of the waste supply chute 8 which obliquely communicates downward to the waste inlet 21 of the said gasifier 20 is connected to the lower end part of this waste conveying apparatus 7.

The double damper built in the vertical chute 6 is the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 provided at a predetermined distance below the upper damper 11. First, the upper damper 11 is inclined 15 ° with respect to the horizontal line by using the upper support shaft 11p provided on the inner wall side of the gas chute passage 20 of the vertical chute part 6 on the inner side of the direction. It rotates 75 degrees downward from a position, and is comprised so that it may open until it becomes a perpendicular position orthogonal to a horizontal line.

In addition, the lower damper 12 is provided at a position separated from the upper damper 11 of the vertical chute part 6 by a predetermined distance, and the inner wall side of the vertical chute part 6 in the direction of the gasification passage 20. The lower support shaft 12p provided at the upper side is used as the rotation support point, and is rotated 75 degrees downward from the closed position inclined 15 degrees with respect to the horizontal line, and is opened until it becomes a perpendicular position perpendicular to the horizontal line. .

By the way, in the case of this Embodiment 3, as mentioned above, as for the upper support shaft 11p and the lower support shaft 12p, the direction side of the gasification path 20 of the vertical chute part 6 (FIG. 3, It is provided in the inner wall side of the right side in 5.

However, on the contrary, even if it is provided in the inner wall side of the vertical chute part 6 in the opposite direction (left side in FIG. 3, 5) to the gasification path, the same effect can be acquired. In the third embodiment, the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 are set to be inclined by 15 ° with respect to the horizontal line in the closed state, but the upper damper 11 and the lower damper ( Since the inclination angle of 12) can be set appropriately, it is not limited to 15 °.

The upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 are operated by a pressure generating device P _{U in} which the supply of compressed air is switched under the control of the control device C _L as shown in FIG. 5? It is comprised so that it may open and close by lower cylinders 11j and 12j. More specifically, one end of the upper arm 11i is fixed to the shaft end projecting outward from the vertical chute portion 6 of the upper support shaft 11p for supporting the upper damper 11 in a rotational movement. At the tip of 11i), the tip of the expansion rod of the upper cylinder 11j is pivotally mounted. That is, by the expansion and contraction of the expansion rod of the upper cylinder 11j, the upper damper 11 is rotated by 75 ° through the upper arm 11i and the upper support shaft 11p to open and close (the upper damper 11 expands and contracts). Closed by contraction of the rod and open by extension). When the upper arm 11i rotates the upper damper 11 to the closed position, the upper arm 11i contacts the upper arm 11i to detect that the upper damper 11 is located at the closed position, and detects the detection signal. The limit switch 11sw which transmits to the control apparatus mentioned later is provided.

One end of the lower arm 12i is fixed to the shaft end projecting outward from the vertical chute portion 6 of the lower support shaft 12p for supporting the lower damper 12 in a rotational motion. The tip of the expansion rod of the lower cylinder 12j is pivotally attached to the tip. That is, by the expansion and contraction of the expansion rod of the lower cylinder 12j, the lower damper 12 is rotated by 75 ° through the lower arm 12i and the lower support shaft 12p to open and close (the lower damper 12 is the expansion rod). It is closed in the contraction of, and open to the kidneys). As is well understood from the above description, the configuration of the damper operating mechanism for opening and closing the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 is the same configuration except for the limit switch 11sw.

And the arm that the telescopic rods of the upper and lower cylinders 11j and 12j for opening and closing the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 are both transmitted from the limit switch 11sw to contact the upper arm 11i. It is comprised so that it may be controlled by the compressed air discharged from the pressure generating apparatus P _U controlled by the control apparatus C _L which receives a detection signal, ie, the damper closing signal that the upper damper 11 is closed. More specifically, when the control device C _L receives the damper closing signal from the limit switch 11sw, the control device C _L determines that no waste is fed into the upper damper 11, and according to the regular program, the upper and lower cylinders ( The pressure generating device P _U is controlled to alternately operate 11j, 12j).

On the other hand, when it is not possible to receive the damper closing signal from the limit switch 11sw, it is determined that waste enters the upper damper 11, and the upper and lower cylinders 11j and 12j by the program are operated normally. The control of the pressure generating device P _U to be stopped is controlled, and the pressure generating device P _U is controlled as follows, and the pusher 3 and the conveyor 5 are controlled as follows. .

In this case, it is determined as follows that waste enters the upper damper 11 as follows. That is, from the time when the operation of the upper cylinder 11j is started (extension rod extension start) in the direction of closing the upper damper 11, the count of elapsed time is started by a timer (not shown), and the preset time ( For example, even if 5 to 10 seconds have elapsed, the count is stopped when the damper closing signal is not transmitted from the limit switch 11sw, and it is determined that the waste is fed into the upper damper 11. In addition, the set time of the timer is appropriately changed according to the opening and closing speed of the upper damper (11). According to this structure, since the wasteful stop time of the waste supply apparatus 1 can be shortened, the effect of shortening the removal time required of the waste which fell into the said upper damper 11 can be acquired.

When it is determined that the waste enters the upper damper 11, the waste 9 to the vertical chute part 6 is stopped by the operation of the pusher 3 and the conveyor 5 by the control device C _L. ) Is temporarily stopped. Then, the pressure generating device P _U is controlled while the waste 9 is stopped and the upper cylinder 11j is operated to open the upper damper 11, and the upper damper 11 is bitten into the upper damper 11. After the waste 9 is dropped and removed, and the upper damper 11 opened for the removal of the waste 9 is closed, the waste 9 is introduced into the vertical chute 6. In order to start the control, it is configured to control to start the operation of the pusher 3, the conveyor 5.

In this case, the removal of the waste bited into the upper damper 11 is determined by receiving the damper closing signal sent from the limit switch 11sw. In addition, the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 are alternately so that one of the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 is necessarily closed in order to prevent inflow of external air into the gasifier 20. It is configured to open and close with.

Moreover, the screw conveyer 13 which conveys the waste material supplied from the said lower damper 12 to the direction of the gasifier 20 is accommodated in the said waste conveying apparatus 7 inside. This screw conveyor 13 is provided with a pair of conveying screw 13a (however, only one conveying screw 13a is shown in FIG. 3) which has the rotation axis parallel to each other on a horizontal surface. Moreover, the waste crusher 14 which disassembles the waste extruded from the screw conveyor 13 is provided in the front end side of the said screw conveyor 13, and the outer side position. In addition, although the waste crusher 14 in this Embodiment 3 is rotary, it is possible to employ | adopt the thing of a rocking type structure.

Hereinafter, the operation aspect of the waste supply apparatus 1 which becomes the said structure which implements the waste supply method of this invention is demonstrated. The waste 9 supplied to the waste hopper 2 is extruded by the pusher 3, and the extruded waste is roughly crushed by the crusher 4. The waste roughly crushed by the crusher 4 is conveyed obliquely upward by the conveyor 5, and is supplied dropwise to the upper damper 11 of the vertical chute 6.

When a predetermined amount of waste is collected on the upper damper 11, the upper damper 11 is opened and closed after a few seconds, while a predetermined amount of waste collected on the upper damper 11 and the conveyor The waste conveyed obliquely upward by (5) is put on the lower damper 12. Next, a few seconds after the upper damper 11 is closed, the lower damper 12 is opened, and remains open for several seconds after being opened. Therefore, the waste put into the lower damper 12 falls on the screw conveyor 13 specifically on a pair of conveying screw 13a.

The waste dropped on the pair of conveying screws 13a is conveyed by the rotation of the pair of conveying screws 13a. The waste discharged from the front end of the screw conveyor 13 is further crushed by the waste crusher 14 and is introduced into the gasifier 20 from the waste inlet 21 through the waste supply chute 8. . The waste put into the gasifier 20 is gasified at a temperature of 500 to 600 ° C. and decomposed into combustible gas, fixed carbon powder and ash. Next, the decomposed combustible gas and the fixed carbon powder are burned in a melting furnace not shown, and the ash is melted at a temperature of 1300 ° C. or higher of the melting furnace to form molten slag.

By the way, in the third embodiment, the lower damper 12 supplies waste to the screw conveyor 13, and then closes for several seconds, and the first closed upper damper 11 is opened. 11 and the lower damper 12 are repeatedly opened and closed once every 15 seconds to 3 minutes, for example. In addition, the time interval for opening and closing the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 once should be set appropriately, and thus is not limited to the time interval for opening and closing once.

In the process as described above, when the waste 9 is fed into the upper damper 11, even if the upper damper 11 closing operation is performed in which the expansion rod of the upper cylinder 11j is reduced, the expansion rod has a minimum stroke. The limit switch 11sw does not operate because it does not become a (minimum state), and the damper closing signal is not transmitted to the control device C _L. Then, the operation of the pusher 3 and the conveyor 5 is stopped by the operation stop command signal from the control device C _L , and the injection of the waste 9 into the vertical chute part 6 is temporarily stopped. .

Then, while the injection of waste products (9) is stopped, the controller (C _L), the upper damper 11, which is under the control, in the pressure-generating device (P _U), an elastic load of the upper cylinder (11j) height by By switching to the opening operation and opening the upper damper 11, the waste 9 bited into the upper damper 11 is removed. Next, when the expansion and contraction rod of the upper cylinder 11j is reduced and the upper damper 11 opened in order to remove the waste 9 entrained is closed, and the control device C _L receives the damper closing signal, In order to start the input of the waste 9 into the vertical chute part 6, the operation of the pusher 3 and the conveyor 5 is started, and then returns to the normal operating state.

Moreover, in the waste supply apparatus 1 which concerns on Embodiment 3 which implements the waste supply method of this invention, even if it operated in the direction which closes the open upper damper 11 in order to remove the waste which went in, it is waste. May not be removed and the damper closing signal may not be received.

In such a case, the opening / closing operation of the upper damper 11 is repeated until the damper closing signal is received. By repeating the opening / closing operation of the upper damper 11, the inflow of the outside air into the gasifier 20 of the outside air can be reliably prevented, but the operation rate of the waste supply device 1 and the throughput of the waste are reduced. Done. However, since it is completed in a much shorter time compared to the operation of removing waste in the state where the manhole is opened, the adverse effect on the operation rate of the waste supply device 1 and the decrease in the throughput of the waste can be made small.

According to the waste supply method according to the waste supply device 1 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, when the waste (9) into handed to the upper damper 11, there is operated as described above, the controller (C _L ) Receives a damper closing signal, and when it is determined that the upper damper 11 is completely closed and that the waste 9 does not enter the upper damper 11, the input of the waste into the vertical chute portion 6 is stopped. Subsequently, since the operation of the upstream side waste supply means, that is, the pusher 3 and the conveyor 5, is not stopped, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Since the number of times of starting and stopping of the upstream waste source supply means decreases, the decrease in the life of the upstream waste source supply means can be suppressed, which can contribute to a reduction in running cost.

(2) Since the quantity of quantitative supply of waste is impaired, the treatment efficiency of the waste is improved, and the fluctuation of the amount of generated gas gasified in the gasifier 20 can be suppressed. Stable gasification operation control and stable operation control of the melting furnace following the gasification furnace 20 become easy.

(3) Since only one limit switch needs to be provided, the configuration of the control system including the pressure generating device and the control device for controlling the operation of the upper cylinder 11j is not very complicated or expensive.

Next, a schematic configuration description of a pressure supply device for operating the upper and lower cylinders of the upper damper and the lower damper and a control device for controlling the pressure generating device are provided in the waste supply device according to Embodiment 3a which implements the waste supply method of the present invention. It demonstrates with reference to FIG. In addition, the present embodiment 3a differs from the third embodiment in the difference in the arrangement position of the lower support shaft for supporting the lower damper so as to be rotatable, and the rest of the configuration is the same configuration, and thus has the same function and the same function. The same code | symbol is attached | subjected to this, and mainly the different point is demonstrated.

That is, the upper damper 11 rotates the upper support shaft 11p provided in the inner wall side of the direction side (right side in FIG. 6) of the gaseous furnace of the vertical chute part 6 similarly to the third embodiment. It is comprised so that it may open | release until it becomes a vertical position orthogonal to a horizontal line by rotating a 75 degree downward direction from the closed position which inclined 15 degrees with respect to a horizontal line as a movement support point. On the other hand, the lower damper 12 uses the lower support shaft 12p provided on the inner wall side of the vertical chute 6 on the opposite side side (left side in FIG. 6) to the gasification path, and serves as the rotational movement support point. It is comprised so that it may open until it becomes a vertical position orthogonal to a horizontal line by rotating 75 degrees downward from a 15 degree inclined closed position.

Therefore, in the waste supply apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3a which implements the waste supply method of this invention, since the arrangement | positioning position of the lower support shaft 12p which supports the lower damper 12 rotatably is different, it is the said implementation. Equivalent effects can be obtained with a waste supply device according to Form 3. Moreover, in the waste supply apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3a of this invention, after the waste falling from the upper damper 11 to the lower support shaft 12p side of the lower damper 12 slips off the upper surface of the lower damper 12, Fall to the process side. Therefore, not only the adhesion of the waste to the upper surface of the lower damper 12 is suppressed, but also the attached waste is removed from the upper surface of the lower damper 12 due to an erosion effect caused by slipping of the waste. The cleaning interval of 12) is extended, which can contribute to the reduction of the running cost of the waste supply apparatus and the improvement of the operation rate.

By the way, in the said Embodiment 3, 3a, when the waste enters the upper damper 11, the upper damper 11 is opened and closed, and the waste which passed in by the damper closing signal from the limit switch 11sw was removed. The case of judgment was explained as an example. However, it is preferable to add the structure which removes the waste which got into the lower damper 12 with respect to the waste supply apparatus of the structure which removes the waste which got into the upper damper 11. Of course, the frequency of occurrence of trouble into which waste is passed is much smaller than in the case of the upper damper 11. However, this is because a mud state may adhere to the damper surface in the long term operation and the lower damper 12 may not be completely closed.

That is, in Embodiment 3b of this invention, it contacts the lower arm 12i at the time of the minimum stroke of the lower cylinder 12j, detects that the lower damper 12 is located in a closed position, and detects the detection signal by the control apparatus ( A limit switch (not shown) is transmitted to C _L ). And, even though soon as the lower damper lower cylinder (12j) for opening and closing (12) is operated in the direction for closing the lower damper 12. In addition, the by the timer time set in advance has elapsed, and the controller (C _L) If it is not possible to receive the damper closing signal from the limit switch, it is determined that the waste has passed into the lower damper 12, and the lower damper 12 is opened to open the lower damper 12 to remove the waste. The damper 12 is operated in the direction of closing. When the control device C _L receives the damper closing signal from the limit switch after the operation, it is determined that the waste bited into the lower damper 12 has been removed, and the operation is made in the direction of opening the upper damper 11, The waste deposited on the damper 11 is dropped onto the lower damper 12 and supplied.

Therefore, according to the waste supply method which concerns on Embodiment 3b of this invention, in addition to the effect of the waste supply method which concerns on the said Embodiment 3, 3a, it turns out that waste enters into the lower damper 12, and the lower damper The waste which entered into (12) can be removed reliably. Therefore, waste is not deposited and stayed on the lower damper 12 due to the inheritance of the waste, and the waste can be conveyed by the waste conveying apparatus and put into the waste inlet to the gasification furnace. The damage rate is reduced, and the waste disposal efficiency is improved. Moreover, since the wasteful stop time of the waste supply apparatus can be reduced, the time required for removing the waste which has entered the lower damper 12 can be shortened. In addition, since at least two limit switches are required, the configuration of the control system for controlling the damper actuation means is not very complicated or expensive.

By the way, in the waste supply apparatus 1 which concerns on said Embodiment 3, 3a, 3b, when upper and lower cylinders are reduced, upper and lower dampers are closed, and when upper and lower cylinders are extended, upper and lower dampers are opened. The case was described as an example. However, in contrast to these, when the upper and lower cylinders are extended, the upper and lower dampers are closed, and when the upper and lower cylinders are reduced, the upper and lower dampers are opened (for example, the direction of the arm is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6). 5 and 6, the upper and lower cylinders are arranged so as to expand and contract under the same direction as those shown in FIGS. 5 and 6).

In addition, since the waste supply apparatus which concerns on the said embodiment, or the waste supply apparatus which concerns on embodiment which implements the waste supply method of this invention is only the specific example of this invention, in the range which does not deviate from the technical idea of this invention. Design changes, etc. are freely. Therefore, the structure of the waste supply apparatus is not limited to the structure of the waste supply apparatus 1 which concerns on the said embodiment.

One… Waste feeder
2… Waste hopper
3 ... Pusher
4… crusher
5 ... conveyor
6 ... Vertical chute
7 ... Waste conveying device
8… Waste supply chute
9 ... waste
11 ... Upper damper
11a ... Upper damper body
1 lb... Damper board
11c... Hard low friction resin plate
11d... Countersunk head screw
11e... Bracket
11f... Connecting pin
11 g... Coating layer
11h... Upper support arm
11i.. Upper arm
11j... Upper cylinder
11 _L. Upper left damper
11m… Merge line
11p... Upper support shaft
11 _R. Upper right damper
11s... female screw
11sw... Limit switch
12... Lower damper
12a... Lower damper body
12b... Damper board
12c... Hard low friction resin plate
12d... Countersunk head screw
12e... Bracket
12f... Connecting pin
12 g... Coating layer
12h... Lower support arm
12i... Lower arm
12j... Lower cylinder
12 _L. Lower left damper
12m… Merge line
12p... Lower support shaft
12 _R ... Lower right damper
12s... female screw
13 ... Screw conveyor
13a ... Bounce screw
14 ... Waste shredder
20... (Fluidized bed) gasifier
21 ... Waste inlet
C _L … controller
Lc… Center line in the longitudinal direction passing through the center of the width direction of the waste conveying apparatus
P _U ... Pressure generating device
? Angle between left and right damper

Claims (15)

The upper chute and the lower damper which alternately open and close are connected to the vertical chute provided at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, and have a sealing function to prevent inflow of the outside air into the gasification furnace, and the lower end of the vertical chute part, In the waste supply apparatus comprising a waste conveying device for conveying the waste supplied through the lower damper in the direction of the gasifier, the lower damper is a longitudinal center line passing through the center of the width direction of the waste conveying apparatus And a lower left damper and a lower right damper which are opened and closed through a support shaft provided on the inner wall side opposite to the vertical chute part, and a merge line of the tip portion of the lower left damper and the lower right damper in the closed state is It is configured to be located above the center line, characterized in that Waste feeder. The waste supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lower left damper and the lower right damper of the lower damper are configured to be in a low position from the support shaft side toward the leading end side in the closed state. The waste supply apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the waste conveying apparatus is a screw conveyor provided with a pair of conveying screws having rotation centers parallel to each other on a horizontal plane. 4. The waste supply apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a waste crusher for crushing the waste conveyed by the screw conveyor is provided at the front end position of the screw conveyor. The upper chute and the lower damper which alternately open and close are connected to the vertical chute provided at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, and have a sealing function to prevent inflow of the outside air into the gasification furnace, and the lower end of the vertical chute part, In the waste supply method to the gasifier by the waste supply apparatus which comprises the waste conveying apparatus which conveys the waste material supplied through the said lower damper to the direction of the said gasifier, WHEREIN: After closing the said upper damper, the said lower damper Wastes received when the upper dampers were opened by opening both sides with a support point parallel to the longitudinal center line passing through the center in the width direction of the waste conveying apparatus and provided on the inner wall side opposite to the vertical chute part. To convey to the said waste conveying apparatus, toward the said centerline The waste supply method characterized by falling. The waste supply method according to claim 5, wherein the waste conveyed to the waste conveying apparatus is supplied to the gasifier while being crushed by a waste crusher. Waste function supplied through the vertical chute with a vertical chute which has a sealing function for preventing inflow of outside air into the furnace and has an upper damper and a lower damper alternately opened and closed at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction. In the waste supply apparatus comprising a waste conveying apparatus for conveying the gas in the direction of the gasifier, the damper main body of each of the upper damper and the lower damper is fixed to a damper substrate and an upper surface of the damper substrate by mechanical fastening means. And a top surface of the outer edge portion of the hard low friction resin plate in contact with the seal surface formed inside the vertical chute, when the upper damper and the lower damper are closed. Waste supply equipment. 8. The screw fastener according to claim 7, wherein the mechanical fastening means is a countersunk head screw screwed to the female screw engraved on the damper substrate such that the upper surface of the screw head is lower than the upper surface of the hard low friction resin plate. A waste supply apparatus comprising a resin coating layer formed on an upper surface thereof. The upper damper and the lower damper are provided with a vertical chute portion provided at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, and a waste conveying apparatus for conveying the waste supplied through the vertical chute portion in the direction of gasification furnace, wherein In the sealing method of the waste supply apparatus which prevents inflow into a gasifier, WHEREIN: When the upper damper and the lower damper are closed and sealed alternately, the hard low friction resin plate of the damper main body which comprises these upper and lower dampers is made. And a seal surface formed on an inner side of the vertical chute portion to contact the upper surface of the outer edge portion. Waste function supplied through the vertical chute with a vertical chute which has a sealing function for preventing inflow of outside air into the furnace and has an upper damper and a lower damper alternately opened and closed at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction. In the waste supply method by the waste supply apparatus provided with the waste conveying apparatus which conveys this in the direction of the said gasifier, WHEREIN: Although the upper cylinder which opens and closes the said upper damper was operated in the direction which closes the said upper damper, a damper is closed. If it is not possible to receive a signal, it is determined that waste has flowed into the upper damper, and the discharge of waste into the vertical chute unit is temporarily stopped, and the upper damper is opened to remove waste that has passed in during the stopping of the waste. In addition, the direction of closing the open upper damper Operation and, in case of receiving a damper closing signal, the waste feed method determines that bite into the waste is removed from the upper damper, characterized in that for starting the injection of the waste chute of the vertical portion to. The damper closing signal according to claim 10, wherein a count of an elapsed time is started by a timer from a start time of operation of the upper cylinder in the direction of closing the upper damper, and a damper closing signal is not transmitted even though a preset time has elapsed. If not, the count is stopped and it is determined that the waste has passed into the upper damper. The waste supply method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein a damper closing signal of the upper damper is transmitted from a limit switch detecting a stroke of the upper cylinder. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein when the lower cylinder for opening and closing the lower damper is operated in the direction of closing the lower damper, it is determined that waste is passed into the lower damper when the damper closing signal cannot be received. In order to remove the waste, the lower damper is opened and the open lower damper is operated in the direction of closing the damper. When the damper closing signal is received, the upper damper is determined that the waste bited into the lower damper has been removed. Waste supply method characterized in that the operation in the direction of opening. 15. The damper closing signal according to claim 13, wherein a count of elapsed time is started by a timer from a start point of operation of the lower cylinder in the direction of closing the lower damper, and a damper closing signal is not transmitted even though a preset time has elapsed. If not, the count is stopped and it is determined that the waste has passed into the lower damper. The waste supply method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the damper closing signal of the lower damper is transmitted from a limit switch detecting a stroke of the lower cylinder.

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