JP5285480B2 - Waste supply device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste supply apparatus that continuously supplies waste such as sewage sludge and municipal waste to a gasifier.

  In recent years, gasification and melting furnaces that can simultaneously achieve volume reduction of waste such as sewage sludge and municipal waste and detoxification of ash have attracted attention. This gasification and melting furnace gasifies waste such as sewage sludge and municipal waste in a gasification furnace (500 to 600 ° C.), and decomposes the waste into combustible gas, fixed carbon and ash. Next, by burning the decomposed combustible gas and fixed carbon in the melting furnace, the temperature in the melting furnace is raised to 1300 ° C. or higher to melt the ash, and the molten slag is made into water-cooled slag by cooling with water, for example. is there.

  As a waste supply apparatus for supplying waste to the gasification furnace, for example, one having a configuration as shown in FIG. 5 is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Hereinafter, a description will be given with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5, the waste supply apparatus 100 is fixed to the dispersion input unit 122, the substantially horizontal swing plate shaft 140a provided at a position near the lower side of the space in the dispersion input unit 120, and the swing plate shaft 140a. For supplying the butterfly valve-shaped swing plate 140, the quantitative supply unit 130 provided to be connected to the lower end of the dispersion charging unit 120, and the waste provided in the quantitative supply unit 130 to the gasifier And a screw conveyor 150 having a plurality of conveying screws, and the waste is lowered to the screw conveyor 150 by reciprocatingly swinging the swinging plate shaft 140a.

JP 2003-329227 A

  However, when the rocking plate 140 described in FIG. 5 of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 is adopted, the string included in the waste is wound around the rocking plate 140, which becomes an obstacle to the waste being lowered to the screw conveyor 150. There was a problem. When the waste is lowered to the screw conveyor 150, for example, if the left piece 140b of the swing plate 140 is lowered and the waste is lowered, the right piece 140c of the swing plate 140 is always raised. End up. The raised right piece 140c causes the compaction of the waste, and the waste cannot be constantly lowered quantitatively to the screw conveyor 150. As a result, the waste cannot be supplied quantitatively to the gasifier. There was a point.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a waste supply device that does not cause compaction when feeding waste to a waste transport device, and does not cause string wrapping, and has excellent quantitative supply capability of waste. It is to provide.

In order to achieve this object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention provides:
A vertical chute portion provided with an open / close damper having a sealing function to prevent the inflow of external air into the gasification furnace, and waste supplied through the open / close damper connected to the lower end of the vertical chute portion A waste supply device including a waste supply chute having a seal chute portion including a horizontal chute portion provided with a waste conveyance device for conveying an object toward the gasification furnace,
The open / close damper is parallel to a longitudinal center line passing through the center of the horizontal chute portion in the width direction, and left and right support shafts provided on opposing inner walls of the vertical chute portion, It consists of a left damper and a right damper provided so that each can be opened and closed via a support shaft,
When the waste is not supplied to the waste conveying device side, the tip of the left damper and the tip of the right damper are abutted at approximately one point,
When supplying waste to the waste transport device side,
The position of the front end portion of the left damper and the position of the front end portion of the right damper is alternately lowered by a predetermined amount from the position where the substantially one point is abutted to support waste on one of the left damper and the right damper. However, the waste supply apparatus is configured to prevent the external air from flowing into the gasification furnace by supplying the waste from the other side .

The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1,
The position where the front end portion of the left damper and the front end portion of the right damper abut each other at substantially one point is that each front end portion is rotated by a first predetermined angle (hereinafter referred to as θ ₁ ) below the left and right support shafts. The position
Positions alternately descending by a predetermined amount from the abutting position at approximately one point are a second predetermined angle (hereinafter referred to as θ ₂ ) that is larger than θ ₁ below each of the tip portions below the left and right support shafts. The position is a rotated position.
However, θ ₁ = 0 ° to 30 °, θ ₂ = 45 ° to 90 °.

The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2,
The waste transport device is a screw conveyor including a pair of transport screws having rotation centers parallel to each other on a horizontal plane.

As described above, according to the waste supply apparatus according to the present invention,
The open / close damper provided on the vertical chute portion is parallel to the longitudinal center line passing through the center in the width direction of the horizontal chute portion, and the left and right support shafts are provided on the opposing inner walls of the vertical chute portion. And a left damper and a right damper provided to be openable and closable via the left and right support shafts,
If the waste is not supplied to the waste transporter side, the tip of the left damper and the tip of the right damper are abutted at approximately one point,
When supplying waste to the waste transporter side,
The position of the front end of the left damper and the position of the front end of the right damper are alternately lowered by a predetermined amount from the position where the substantially one point is abutted , and the left damper and the right damper support the waste while Since it is configured to prevent the inflow of external air into the gasification furnace by supplying the waste , the following effects are obtained.
1) When supplying waste to a waste transport device, it is possible to realize a waste supply device that does not cause compaction and does not cause string wrapping and has excellent quantitative supply of waste.
2) In addition, since only a pair of open / close dampers having a left damper and a right damper can secure material sealing, there is no need to double a pair of open / close dampers having a left damper and a right damper, It is also possible to reduce the cost of the waste supply device.

It is typical structure explanatory drawing of the waste supply apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. 1, Comprising: Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the positional relationship of the left side damper and the right side damper when an open / close type damper is a closed state, (b) is B of FIG. It is -B sectional drawing, Comprising: It is explanatory drawing which shows the planar state of a pair of conveyance screw of the screw conveyor in the same state. (A) is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. 1, Comprising: Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the positional relationship of the left damper and the right damper when the left damper of an open / close type damper is an open state, (b) is a figure. It is BB sectional drawing of 1, Comprising: It is explanatory drawing which shows the planar state of the waste conveyed with a pair of conveyance screw of the screw conveyor in the same state. (A) is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. 1, Comprising: Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the positional relationship of the left damper and the right damper when the right damper of an open / close type damper is an open state, (b) is a figure. It is BB sectional drawing of 1, Comprising: It is explanatory drawing which shows the planar state of the waste conveyed with a pair of conveyance screw of the screw conveyor in the same state. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the waste supply apparatus which concerns on a prior art example.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration explanatory view of a waste supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, and is an explanatory diagram for explaining the positional relationship between the left damper and the right damper when the open / close damper is in the closed state, and FIG. It is BB sectional drawing of this, Comprising: It is explanatory drawing which shows the planar state of a pair of conveyance screw of the screw conveyor in the same state. 3A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, and is an explanatory diagram for explaining the positional relationship between the left damper and the right damper when the left damper of the open / close damper is in an open state, FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 1 and is an explanatory diagram showing a planar state of waste conveyed by a pair of conveying screws of the screw conveyor in the same state. 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, and is an explanatory diagram for explaining the positional relationship between the left damper and the right damper when the right damper of the open / close damper is in an open state, FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 1 and is an explanatory diagram showing a planar state of waste conveyed by a pair of conveying screws of the screw conveyor in the same state.

  In FIG. 1, a waste supply apparatus 1 is connected to a seal chute portion 7 having a configuration to be described later, and the seal chute portion 7, and communicates with a waste input port 21 of a gasification furnace 20 obliquely downward to be disposed of as waste. A waste supply chute 6 including a tip chute 8 for supplying 9 is provided. That is, the waste 9 thrown into the waste hopper 2 by a waste throwing device (not shown) such as a crane is pushed out by the pusher 3, and the pushed waste 9 is roughly crushed by the crusher 4. Then, the waste 9 roughly crushed by the crusher 4 is conveyed obliquely upward by a conveyor 5 provided in an airtight conveyor housing, and is dropped and supplied to the seal chute 7. ing.

  The seal chute portion 7 includes an open / close damper 12 having a sealing function, which will be described later, and has a vertical chute portion 7a having a rectangular cross section and a lower portion of the vertical chute portion 7a. Are constituted by a horizontal chute portion 7b in which a screw conveyor 13 and a waste crusher 14, which will be described later, are disposed as a waste conveying device for conveying the gas to the gasification furnace 20 side. Further, the upper end of the tip chute 8 that communicates with the waste inlet 21 of the gasification furnace 20 obliquely downward is connected to the lower end of the horizontal chute 7 a of the seal chute 7.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the open / close damper 12 is provided on inner walls facing each other of the vertical chute portion 7a, parallel to the longitudinal center line Lc passing through the center of the horizontal chute portion 7b in the width direction. It consists of left and right support shafts 12p and 12p, and a left damper 12a and a right damper 12b provided so as to be opened and closed via the left and right support shafts 12p and 12p, respectively. Hereinafter, it demonstrates sequentially according to the order of the opening-and-closing operation | movement of the opening-and-closing type damper 12 using FIGS.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which the open / close damper 12 is closed (that is, when the waste 9 is not supplied to the waste transport device 13). In this case, the front end portion of the left damper 12a and the front end portion of the right damper 12b are abutted at approximately one point at a position rotated by the _first predetermined angle θ ₁ = 15 ° below the left and right support shafts 12p, 12p. (The position at which this one point is abutted is 12c in FIG. 2 (a)). Thus, when the open / close damper 12 is in the closed state, the waste 9 supplied to the waste hopper 2 is extruded by the pusher 3, and the extruded waste 9 is roughly crushed by the crusher 4. The waste 9 roughly crushed by the crusher 4 is carried upward and obliquely by the conveyor 5 and is stopped by the open / close damper 12 of the vertical chute portion 7 a of the seal chute portion 7. Therefore, in this state, the waste 9 does not exist on the pair of transport screws 13a and 13b of the screw conveyor 13.

FIG. 3 shows a case where the left damper 12a of the open / close damper 12 is in an open state (that is, when the waste 9 is supplied to the waste transport device 13). In this case, the front end of the left damper 12a stops at a position rotated by a _second predetermined angle θ ₂ = 60 ° below the left support shaft 12p (that is, the front end of the left damper 12a is at θ ₁ A predetermined amount (θ ₂ −θ ₁ = 45 °) is lowered from the position.In this way, when the left damper 12a is opened, a predetermined amount of waste 9b is transferred to the transport screw 13b of the waste transport device 13. fall above, it is supplied. in this case, since the distal end portion of the right damper 12b is in the state of being fixed at the position of theta _1, waste 9 present above the opening and closing dampers 12 is compacted Further, since the open / close damper 12 is not structured such that the string existing in the waste 9b is caught, the waste 9b falls smoothly on the left damper 12a.

Figure 4 is returned to the position of theta ₁ tip from the position of theta ₂ of the left damper 12a shown in FIG. 3, this time when the right damper 12b is open (i.e., waste conveying device 13 side waste 9 To supply to). In this case, the tip of the right damper 12b stops at a position rotated by a _second predetermined angle θ ₂ = 60 ° below the right support shaft 12p (ie, the tip of the right damper 12b is at θ ₁ When the right damper 12b is opened, a predetermined amount of waste 9a (almost the same as the predetermined amount of waste 9b) is lowered from the position by a predetermined amount (θ ₂ −θ ₁ = 45 °). the same) is dropped onto the conveying screw 13a of waste conveying device 13, is supplied. in this case, since the distal end portion of the left damper 12a is in the state of being fixed at the position of theta _1, in the case described above Similarly, the waste 9 present above the open / close damper 12 is not consolidated, and the open / close damper 12 does not have a structure in which the string existing in the waste 9a is caught. 9a is a right damper 12b The top falls smoothly.

When the waste 9 is continuously supplied to the waste transport device 13, the operations shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 may be repeated alternately. That is, a predetermined amount (θ ₂ −θ ₁ = 45 °) is obtained from the position 12c (θ ₁ = 15 °) where the position of the front end portion of the left damper 12a and the position of the front end portion of the right damper 12b are abutted at the one point. What is necessary is just to comprise so that it may descend | fall alternately. If it does so, the waste which exists on the conveyance screws 13a and 13b of the waste conveyance apparatus 13 will exist in the leveled state, without existing unevenly. As a result, it is possible to realize the waste supply apparatus 1 that is excellent in the quantitative supply of the waste 9.

In the present embodiment, the example of θ ₁ = 15 ° and θ ₂ = 60 ° has been described. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this, and θ ₁ = 0 ° to 30 °. It is possible to apply a range of θ ₂ = 45 ° to 90 °.

  Even when the waste 9 is continuously supplied to the waste transport device 13, the open / close damper 12 according to the present invention is used to support the waste 9 with either the left damper 12a or the right damper 12b. On the other hand, the damper on one side is opened, and a predetermined amount of waste 9a or a predetermined amount of waste 9b with sufficient sealing performance can be alternately and continuously supplied to the waste transport device 13. Therefore, by using the open / close damper 12 according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the external air from flowing into the gasification furnace 20.

  Inside the horizontal chute portion 7b of the seal chute part 7 is housed a screw conveyor 13 for conveying the wastes 9a, 9b supplied from the open / close damper 12 in the direction of the gasification furnace 20. The screw conveyor 13 includes a pair of conveying screws 13a and 13b having rotation centers parallel to each other on a horizontal plane. Moreover, the waste crusher 14 which crushes the wastes 9a and 9b extruded by the screw conveyor 13 is provided at the front end side of the screw conveyor 13 and at an outer position thereof. In addition, although the waste crusher 14 in this embodiment is a rotary type, the thing of a rocking | swiveling structure is also employable.

  Further, the wastes 9a and 9b supplied to the screw conveyor 13 are transported by the rotation of the pair of transport screws 13a and 13b, and are further finely crushed by the waste crusher 14, and the waste is passed through the tip chute unit 8. The gasification furnace 20 is charged from the charging port 21. The wastes 9a and 9b thrown into the gasification furnace 20 are gasified at a temperature of 500 to 600 ° C. and decomposed into combustible gas, fixed carbon and ash. Next, the decomposed combustible gas and the fixed carbon are burned in a melting furnace (not shown), and the ash is melted at a temperature of 1300 ° C. or higher in the melting furnace to form molten slag.

  The waste supply apparatus 1 according to the above embodiment is only one embodiment of the present invention, and therefore various forms are adopted within a range not departing from the technical idea of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the case where the waste supply apparatus 1 is provided with the conveyor 5 has been described as an example. However, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which the waste crushed by the crusher 4 is directly dropped and supplied to the seal chute portion 7 without providing a conveyor. By adopting such a configuration, the installation space may be narrow, and the building that accommodates these facilities can be made smaller. Therefore, an economic effect that the facility cost related to the waste supply device 1 can be reduced is obtained. It is done.

  Moreover, the crusher 4 can be set separately from the waste supply apparatus 1. With such a configuration, even if the crusher 4 is stopped during operation due to some trouble, the waste supply device 1 can continuously supply the waste 9a, 9b to the gasification furnace 20. Therefore, the effect that continuous operability is improved can be obtained.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Waste supply apparatus 2 ... Waste hopper 3 ... Pusher 4 ... Crusher 5 ... Conveyor 6 ... Waste supply chute 7 ... Seal chute part, 7a ... Vertical chute part, 7b ... Horizontal chute part 8 ... Tip chute part 9 ... Waste 12 ... Open / close damper, 12a ... Left damper, 12b ... Right damper, 12c ... Positive position at one point, 12p ... Left support shaft 13 ... Screw conveyor, 13a, 13b ... Transfer screw 14 ... Waste Crusher 20 ... (fluidized bed) gasification furnace, 21 ... waste inlet Lc ... longitudinal center lines passing through the center of the horizontal direction of the horizontal chute portion 7b θ ₁ , θ ₂ ... first and second predetermined angles

Claims (3)

A vertical chute portion provided with an open / close damper having a sealing function to prevent the inflow of external air into the gasification furnace, and waste supplied through the open / close damper connected to the lower end of the vertical chute portion A waste supply device including a waste supply chute having a seal chute portion including a horizontal chute portion provided with a waste conveyance device for conveying an object toward the gasification furnace,
The open / close damper is parallel to a longitudinal center line passing through the center of the horizontal chute portion in the width direction, and left and right support shafts provided on opposing inner walls of the vertical chute portion, It consists of a left damper and a right damper provided so that each can be opened and closed via a support shaft,
When the waste is not supplied to the waste conveying device side, the tip of the left damper and the tip of the right damper are abutted at approximately one point,
When supplying waste to the waste transport device side,
The position of the front end portion of the left damper and the position of the front end portion of the right damper is alternately lowered by a predetermined amount from the position where the substantially one point is abutted to support waste on one of the left damper and the right damper. However, the waste supply apparatus is configured to prevent the external air from flowing into the gasification furnace by supplying the waste from the other side . The position where the front end portion of the left damper and the front end portion of the right damper abut each other at substantially one point is that each front end portion is rotated by a first predetermined angle (hereinafter referred to as θ ₁ ) below the left and right support shafts. The position
Positions alternately descending by a predetermined amount from the abutting position at approximately one point are a second predetermined angle (hereinafter referred to as θ ₂ ) that is larger than θ ₁ below each of the tip portions below the left and right support shafts. The waste supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste supply apparatus is a rotated position.
However, θ ₁ = 0 ° to 30 ° and θ ₂ = 45 ° to 90 °.   The waste supply device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the waste transfer device is a screw conveyor including a pair of transfer screws having rotation centers parallel to each other on a horizontal plane.

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