KR101155948B1 - Apparatus and method for water treatment to purify the storm run-off employing self-backwash - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a rainwater runoff treatment apparatus and method using a non-powered backwashing method that can effectively remove the non-point pollutants through physical filtration and backwashing of the filter material without a separate power supply to maximize the operating life. Rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using a non-powered backwashing method according to the present invention comprises a storage tank for storing rainfall outflow water and a filtering water tank provided in the storage tank for filtering rainfall runoff, the filtered water tank, inflow from the storage tank And a first filtration tank for filtering the rainfall effluent to be upflow, and a second filtration tank for filtration of the rainfall effluent passing through the first filtration tank in a downward flow, and the first filtration tank as a whole in the first filtration tank. A first mediator layer is provided that fills a portion of the height, and the first mediator layer It is raised or lowered together as the water level rises or falls in the first filtration tank, and a reverse air inlet port for spatially connecting the storage tank and the first filtration tank is provided at one side of the first filtration tank, and the water level of the storage tank. Optionally, the air of the storage tank is supplied into the first filtered water tank through the backwash air inlet.

Description

Apparatus and method for water treatment to purify the storm run-off employing self-backwash}

The present invention relates to a rainwater runoff treatment apparatus and method using a non-powered backwashing method, and more specifically, to effectively remove the non-point pollutants through physical filtration and backwashing of the filter medium without a separate power supply to improve the operating life The present invention relates to a rainwater runoff treatment apparatus and method using a non-powered backwash method that can be maximized.

In general, nonpoint pollutants are caused by various land uses by human activities, and are mainly washed in rainwater during rainfall and discharged into the water in the form of rainfall runoff. Non-point pollutants remain unclear and remain on a wide range of land surfaces, and are the main cause of water pollution as they enter the public or groundwater such as rivers with rainwater.

Various non-point pollutant treatment methods have been proposed to overcome the harmfulness of non-point pollutants, such as <initial rainfall effluent treatment device and initial rainfall effluent treatment method> (Korea Patent No. 880482), and Natural type treatment facilities such as <rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using soil and vegetation> (Korea Patent No. 810556) are representative. These facilities primarily aim to reduce the concentrations of organics, nutrients, heavy metals, etc. by removing solid contaminants present in nonpoint pollutants through physical filtration into the filter media.

However, it is difficult to supply power to the facilities due to the location characteristics and economical efficiency of the non-point pollution treatment facility installed sporadically near the water system, and thus, clogging of the filter medium may occur due to long-term operation. In this case, it is difficult to recover the performance through an artificial method such as backwashing, and it has a limitation in that a part or the whole of the facility needs to be replaced.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, a non-powered backwashing method that can effectively remove the non-point pollutants through physical filtration and backwashing of the filter medium without a separate power supply to maximize the operating life It is an object of the present invention to provide a rainwater runoff treatment apparatus and method.

Rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using a non-powered backwashing method according to the present invention for achieving the above object comprises a storage tank for storing rainfall runoff and a filtering water tank provided in the storage tank for filtering rainfall runoff, the filtered water The tank includes a first filtration tank for filtering the rainfall effluent flowing from the storage tank in an upstream flow, and a second filtration tank for filtering the rainfall effluent flowing through the first filtration tank in a downward flow, and the first filtration tank A first filter medium layer is provided in the first filter water tank to fill a part of the height of the entire height, wherein the first filter material is raised or lowered as the water level rises or falls in the first filter water tank, and one side of the first filter water tank. A backwashing air inlet for spatially connecting the storage tank and the first filtration tank, According to the water level, the air of the reservoir tank is selectively supplied to the inside of the first filtration tank through the backwash air inlet.

The first filtration tank and the second filtration tank are divided by a partition wall therebetween, and an upper portion of the first filtration tank and the second filtration tank is further provided with a filtration flow path, and the rainfall effluent flowing through the first filtration tank in an upstream flow is It is moved along the filtration flow path and is supplied downstream to the second filtration tank.

An upper perforated plate and a lower perforated plate may be provided at upper and lower portions of the first and second filtration tanks, respectively, and a filtration passage may be provided on the upper perforated plate. In addition, the bottom surface of the storage tank is configured in the form of an inclined plate, the rainfall outflow water is introduced into the interior of the first filtered water tank through the space between the inclined plate and the bottom surface of the filtered water tank.

The first filter layer may be composed of a floating filter made of a material having a specific gravity lower than water, and the first filter layer may be composed of a ferrite or a synthetic resin filter having a specific gravity lower than water. In addition, the second media layer is composed of a material having a higher specific gravity than water, the second media layer may be composed of any one of zeolite, activated carbon, slag.

A check valve for discharging air in the filtrate tank may be provided at an upper end of the filtrate tank. In addition, a second filter layer is provided in the second filtration tank, an inflow water distribution pipe is further provided in the second filtration tank, one end of the inflow water distribution pipe is connected to the filtration channel, and the other end of the filtration tank It may be provided at a position spaced a predetermined distance from the top.

Preferably, the first filter layer is filled by 1/2 to 2/3 of the total height of the first filtrate tank, and an outlet pipe through which the filtered water is finally discharged may be further provided at one side of the second filtrate tank. .

Rainfall runoff treatment method using the non-powered backwashing method according to the present invention includes a storage tank for storing rainfall runoff, and the first filtration tank and the second filtration water tank provided in the storage tank and separated by a partition, the first filtration A rainwater effluent treatment method using a non-powered backwashing method in which a first filter layer and a second filter layer are respectively provided in a water tank and a second filter water tank, and a reverse air inlet is provided at one side of the first filter water tank. The first filtering layer of the first filtration tank is raised according to the step of storing the rainfall effluent, supplying the rainfall effluent in the storage tank to the first filtration tank, and raising the level of the first filtration tank. Filtration by the first filter layer is performed while the rising of the filter layer is stopped, and the rainfall runoff water passing through the first filter water tank is Supplied to a second filtration tank, the filtration by the second filter layer of the second filtration tank proceeds, and the water level of the storage tank is lowered to or below the backwashing air inlet, and the first filtration water tank through the backwashing air inlet. Air is injected into the back, characterized in that it comprises the step of backwashing the first media layer.

Rainfall runoff treatment apparatus and method using a non-powered backwashing method according to the present invention has the following effects.

By using the hydraulic structure of the upstream first filter layer and the downflow second filter layer to clean the first filter layer by non-powered backwashing at the end of the rainfall, the influent distribution pipe provided in the second filter layer By delaying the surface occlusion of the second media layer, it is possible to maximize the operating life of the device.

In addition, the storage tank and the filtration tank are provided in one space to minimize the site requirements and maintain the constant level of the filtration tank to effectively remove solids, nutrients, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, etc. regardless of fluctuations in rainfall outflow. It is possible to minimize pollution in public waters.

1 is a perspective view of a rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using a non-powered backwashing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view of the rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using a non-powered backwashing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a flow chart for explaining the rainfall runoff treatment method using a non-powered backwashing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a reference diagram for explaining the rainfall runoff treatment method using a non-powered backwashing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a reference diagram for explaining the role of the influent distribution pipe.

Hereinafter, an apparatus and method for rainfall runoff treatment using a non-powered backwashing method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2, the rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using the non-powered backwashing method according to an embodiment of the present invention consists of a combination of the storage tank 100 and the filtered water tank 200.

The storage tank 100 provides a space in which rainfall runoff is stored and a space in which the filtered water tank 200 is provided. At this time, the filtered water tank 200 is smaller than the volume of the storage tank 100, and thus, a space other than the space in which the filtered water tank 200 is provided in the storage tank 100 is a space in which rainfall runoff is stored. Becomes

One side of the storage tank 100 is provided with a rainfall inflow pipe 101 through which rainfall outflow water is introduced, and the introduced rainfall outflow water flows into the filtered water tank 200 through the lower portion of the filtered water tank 200. Have To this end, as shown in FIG. 1, the bottom surface of the storage tank 100 may be configured in the form of an inclined plate, and the rainfall outflow water may be formed through the space between the inclined plate and the bottom surface of the filtered water tank 200. Flows into the upstream.

As such, the bottom surface of the storage tank 100 is constituted by an inclined plate, and as the rainfall runoff in the storage tank 100 flows into the filtered water tank 200 in the form of upflow, the coarse solids contained in the rainfall runoff. And the contaminants, etc. are lowered along the inclined plate by gravity, the falling coarse solids and contaminants are stored in the solid storage unit 110 provided on the lower side of the storage tank (100).

Meanwhile, the filtered water tank 200 is divided into a first filtered water tank 210 and a second filtered water tank 220 with the partition wall 201 interposed therebetween. In addition, a filtration flow path is provided at an upper portion of the first filtration water tank 210 and the second filtration water tank 220, and the rainfall effluent flowing through the first filtration water tank 210 is supplied to the second filtration water tank. Supplied to 220. In addition, an upper perforated plate 203 and a lower perforated plate 204 are provided at upper and lower portions of the first filtration tank 210 and the second filtration tank 220, respectively, to allow rainfall runoff to flow in and out. The upper perforated plate 203 defines the filtration flow path. Here, a screen having a specific diameter may be provided on the upper hole plate 203 and the lower hole plate 204.

Each of the first filtrate 210 and the second filtrate 220 is provided with a first filter layer 211 and a second filter layer 221, and the first filtrate 210 is a first filter layer. It serves to filter and remove the fine solids contained in the rainfall effluent water using the 211, the second filtration water tank 220 is present in the rainfall effluent using the second filter layer 221 Adsorbs and removes nutrients, heavy metals and hydrocarbons.

The first filter layer 211 provided in the first filter water tank 210 is composed of a floating filter, that is, a filter made of a material having a specific gravity smaller than water, and the first filter layer 211 is formed in the first filter water tank. (210) 1/2 to 2/3 of the height is filled. As the first filter layer 211 is composed of the floating filter and the first filter layer 211 is filled only by a part of the height of the first filter water tank 210, the water level in the first filter water tank 210 is increased. When it rises, the first filter layer 211 also rises. At this time, the rising of the first media layer 211 is stopped by the upper perforated plate 203, the filtration process of the rainfall outflow water by the first media layer 211 in the stopped state. For reference, the first filter layer 211 may be composed of floating media such as perlite and synthetic resin media.

In addition, a reverse air inlet 202 is provided at one side of the first filtration tank 210. The backwashing air inlet 202 spatially connects the inside of the first filtration tank 210 and the inside of the storage tank 100, and when the water level of the storage tank 100 is lower than the backwashing air inlet 202, Air in the water tank (100) is injected into the first filtered water tank 210 through the reverse air inlet 202, the injected air in the first filter water tank 210 to the first filter layer 211 It acts as a backwash.

The second filter layer 221 provided in the second filter water tank 220 is composed of a filter medium adsorption filter having a specific gravity greater than that of water, and is provided to fill almost all spaces in the second filter water tank 220. The second media layer 221 may be composed of zeolite, activated carbon, slag and the like in detail.

On the other hand, the second filtered water tank 220 is provided with an inlet water distribution pipe 240 spatially connected with the filtration flow path. The inflow water distribution pipe 240 serves to supply the rainfall outflow water of the filtration flow path to the second media layer 221 at a predetermined distance from the upper portion of the second filtration water tank 220.

The reason for having the inflow water distribution pipe 240 is as follows. The second filtration tank 220 receives rainfall runoff from the filtration channel 230 and performs filtration using the second filter layer 221. As the filtration process proceeds to the downflow rainfall runoff, The occlusion of the second filter layer 221 positioned on the upper portion of the second filter water tank 220 proceeds relatively faster than the second filter layer 221 under the second filter water tank 220. If a blockage of the second filter layer 221 in the upper portion of the second filtration tank 220 occurs, the water passing capacity is sharply lowered and the second filter layer 221 in the lower portion of the second filtration tank 220 loses its function. . In order to prevent this, the inflow water distribution pipe 240 is provided, and as the rainfall outflow water is supplied into the second media layer 221 having a predetermined depth through the inflow water distribution pipe 240, the entire second filter layer 221 is provided. It is possible to proceed through the filtration process. In this case, the position of one end of the inflow water distribution pipe 240 provided in the second media layer 221 may be selectively designed according to the degree of occlusion of the second media layer 221.

In addition, the inflow water distribution pipe 240 may be configured as an upper air pipe, the lower air pipe (see Fig. 5). That is, the portion provided at a position corresponding to the surface of the second media layer 221 is composed of a sealed non-pore tube, and the lower portion of the non-pore tube is configured in the form of a perforated pipe so that rainfall outflow water is supplied in various directions. can do.

One side of the second filtration tank 220 is provided with an outlet tube 102, the filtered water that has undergone the filtration process in the second filtration tank 220 is discharged to the outside through the outlet tube (102).

The rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using the non-powered backwashing method according to an embodiment of the present invention has been described above, and the rainfall runoff treatment method using the non-powered backwashing method is as follows. Rainfall runoff treatment method using the non-powered backwashing method according to an embodiment of the present invention is largely proceeded in three stages of the inflow step, filtration step, backwash step.

<Entry stage>

First, the inflow stage is described as follows.

3 and 4 (a), the rainfall outflow water is supplied into the storage tank 100 through the rainfall inlet pipe 101 (S301). Rainfall runoff introduced into the reservoir 100 is stored in the lower portion of the reservoir 100, and when a certain amount of rainfall outflow is stored, the first filtered tank 210 in the form of an upstream through the lower portion of the first filtered tank 210. ) Is supplied to (S302). At this time, as the rainfall runoff is supplied to the first filtration tank 210 in the form of upflow, the coarse solids and contaminants included in the rainfall runoff are lowered by gravity, and the coarse solids and the contaminants that are dropped are stored in the reservoir tank ( 100 is moved along the inclined plate of the lower and stored in the solid storage unit (110).

On the other hand, when the rainfall outflow water flows into the first filtration tank 210 to increase the water level in the first filtration tank 210, the first filter layer 211 is raised and the first filtration tank 210 and the first filter Air present between the pores of the layer 211 is discharged through the outlet pipe 102 (S303). At this time, a check valve 205 may be further provided on the upper portion of the filtered water tank 200, and the air in the first filtered water tank 210 may be promoted through the check valve 205.

<Filtration stage>

As shown in (b) of FIG. 4, the first media layer 211 that is raised by the rise of the water level is stopped by the upper perforated plate 203 provided in the upper portion of the first filtration tank 210, and the rise is stopped. In this stopped state (that is, the state supported by the upper hole plate 203), the filtration process by the first filter layer 211 is performed (S304). The fine solids contained in the rainfall effluent are removed through filtration by the first filter layer 211.

Rainfall outflow water passing through the first filter layer 211 is supplied to the filtration flow path, and the rainfall outflow water moved along the filtration flow path is finally supplied to the second filtration water tank 220. When the rainfall effluent is supplied through the upper portion of the second filtration tank 220, air existing between the pores of the second media layer 221 of the second filtration tank 220 is discharged through the outlet pipe 102 ( S305).

In addition, while passing through the second filter layer 221, nutrients, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, and the like contained in the rainfall runoff are adsorbed and removed. At this time, the rainfall outflow water supply to the second media layer 221 is the second media layer 221 through the influent distribution pipe 240 in addition to the supply path from the filtration channel 230 to the upper portion of the second media layer 221. It is possible to supply to the inside, and through this, even if a blockage occurs in the upper portion of the second filter layer 221, the second filter layer is provided because the rainfall outflow water is supplied to the lower portion of the second filter layer 221 through the influent distribution pipe 240. (221) It is possible to maintain uniform water permeability throughout.

On the other hand, all of the air present in the first filtration tank 210 and the second filtration tank 220 by the inflow of the rainfall effluent into the filtration tank 200 is discharged through the outlet pipe 102, the filtration tank A negative pressure lower than atmospheric pressure is acted within the 200, and when the water level of the storage tank 100 reaches the highest level in this state, the hydraulic head applied to the filtered water tank 200 is It is kept constant so that rainfall runoff can be treated at a constant linear velocity irrespective of changes in the inflow rate of rainfall runoff.

<Back stage>

In the state of the inflow and filtration process described above, when the rainfall is finished, the water level of the storage tank 100 is lowered (S306). At this time, even if the water level of the storage tank 100 is lowered below the height of the filtration tank 200, as described above, the pressure state in the filtration tank 200 is in a negative pressure state, and the storage is caused by the pressure difference between atmospheric pressure and negative pressure. Rainfall outflow water in the water tank 100 is introduced into the first filtered water tank (210).

When the water level of the storage tank 100 falls below the reverse washing machine inlet 202 in such a state, air is introduced into the first filtering tank 210 without force through the reverse washing machine inlet 202 and thus the filtering tank The negative pressure state inside the 200 is released. At the same time, as shown in (c) of FIG. 4, the air introduced into the first filtration tank 210 washes the first filter layer 211 (S307). The fine solids detached by washing the first filter layer 211 are lowered together with the remaining rainfall runoff and stored in the solid storage unit 110.

100: storage tank
101: rainfall inlet pipe 102: outflow pipe
110: solids storage
200: filtered water tank
201: bulkhead 202: back-air inlet
203: upper perforated plate 204: lower perforated plate
205: check valve 210: first filtration tank
211: first filter layer 220: second filtration water tank
221: second filter layer 230: filtration channel
240: influent distribution pipe

Claims (17)

A reservoir tank for storing rainfall runoff; And
It is provided in the storage tank and comprises a filtered water tank for filtering rainfall runoff,
The filtration tank includes a first filtration tank for filtering upstream rainfall effluent flowing from the storage tank, and a second filtration tank for filtering downflow runoff water flowing through the first filtration tank.
The first filter layer is provided in the first filtrate tank to fill a part of the height of the entire height of the first filtrate tank, the first filter layer is raised or lowered together as the water level in the first filtrate rises or falls,
One side of the first filtration tank is provided with a backwashing air inlet for spatially connecting the storage tank and the first filtration tank, the air of the storage tank selectively through the backwasher inlet according to the level of the storage tank Rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using a non-powered backwashing method characterized in that it is supplied into the first filtered water tank.
According to claim 1, wherein the first filtration tank and the second filtration tank is divided with a partition between, the first filtration tank and the second filtration tank is further provided with a filtration flow path,
Rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using a non-powered backwash method characterized in that the upstream rainfall runoff water passing through the first filtration tank is moved along the filtration flow path and supplied downward to the second filtration tank.
The rainfall runoff treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein an upper perforated plate and a lower perforated plate are provided at upper and lower portions of the first and second filtration tanks, respectively.
4. The rainfall runoff treatment apparatus of claim 3, wherein a filtration flow path is provided on the upper perforated plate.
According to claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the storage tank is formed in the form of an inclined plate, the rainfall flow through the space between the inclined plate and the bottom surface of the filtered water tank is characterized in that the flow in the upflow into the interior of the first filtered water tank Rainwater runoff treatment system using non-powered backwashing.
The rainfall runoff treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first filter layer is made of a floating filter made of a material having a specific gravity lower than that of water.
7. The rainfall runoff treatment apparatus of claim 6, wherein the first filter layer is made of a synthetic resin filter having a specific gravity lower than that of perlite or water.
The rainfall runoff treatment apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a second filter layer filling the entire height of the second filtrate in the second filtrate.
9. The rainfall runoff treatment apparatus of claim 8, wherein the second filter layer is made of a material having a specific gravity higher than that of water.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the second media layer is composed of any one of zeolite, activated carbon, and slag.
2. The rainfall runoff treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein a check valve for discharging air in the filtrate tank is provided at an upper end of the filtrate tank.
According to claim 2, wherein the second filter medium is provided in the second filtration tank, the inlet water distribution pipe is further provided in the second filtration tank,
One end of the inflow water distribution pipe is connected to the filtration flow path, the other end of the rainfall outflow water treatment system using a non-powered backwash method, characterized in that provided at a position spaced apart from the upper portion of the filtered water tank.
2. The rainfall runoff treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first filter layer fills 1/2 to 2/3 of the total height of the first filtration tank.
2. The rainfall runoff treatment apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an outlet pipe through which the filtered water is finally discharged on one side of the second filtration tank.
A storage tank for storing rainfall effluent, and a first filtration tank and a second filtration tank provided in the storage tank and separated by partition walls, each of the first filter layer and the second filtration tank in the first filtration tank and the second filtration tank, respectively. In the rainfall effluent treatment method using a non-powered backwashing method using a non-powered backwashing method using a non-powered backwashing method is provided with two filter layers, the backwashing air inlet on one side of the first filtration tank,
Storing rainfall runoff in the storage tank;
Supplying the rainfall runoff water in the reservoir to the first filtered water tank in a downward flow;
A step in which the first filter layer of the first filter water tank is raised as the level of the first filter water tank rises, and filtration by the first filter layer is performed while the rising of the first filter layer is stopped;
Rainfall runoff water passing through the first filtering water tank is supplied to the second filtering water tank in an upflow, and filtration by the second filter layer of the second filtering water tank is performed; And
And the water level of the storage tank is lowered to or below the backwashing air inlet, and air is injected into the first filtered water tank through the backwashing air inlet to perform backwashing of the first media layer. Rainfall runoff treatment using non-powered backwashing.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein as the rainfall effluent is supplied into the first filtration tank, a negative pressure is formed in the first filtration tank.
The method of claim 15, wherein the first filter layer comprises a floating filter.

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