KR100948740B1 - 과 냉각과 잠열 교환을 이용한 고효율 해상 액화천연가스생산장치 - Google Patents
과 냉각과 잠열 교환을 이용한 고효율 해상 액화천연가스생산장치 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100948740B1 KR100948740B1 KR1020080025541A KR20080025541A KR100948740B1 KR 100948740 B1 KR100948740 B1 KR 100948740B1 KR 1020080025541 A KR1020080025541 A KR 1020080025541A KR 20080025541 A KR20080025541 A KR 20080025541A KR 100948740 B1 KR100948740 B1 KR 100948740B1
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- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 266
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 187
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/005—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0204—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow SCR cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
- F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
- F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
- F25J1/0278—Unit being stationary, e.g. on floating barge or fixed platform
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/04—Mixing or blending of fluids with the feed stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/62—Liquefied natural gas [LNG]; Natural gas liquids [NGL]; Liquefied petroleum gas [LPG]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
- F25J2220/62—Separating low boiling components, e.g. He, H2, N2, Air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
- F25J2220/64—Separating heavy hydrocarbons, e.g. NGL, LPG, C4+ hydrocarbons or heavy condensates in general
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/14—External refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop
- F25J2270/16—External refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop with mutliple gas expansion loops of the same refrigerant
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (4)
- 액화를 발생시키는 냉매를 압축하는 냉매 압축기(101)와;냉매의 압축 시 발생하는 열을 제거하는 냉매 열교환기(102)와;흐름 간의 상호 열교환 시 액화석유가스(LPG)를 기화시켜 잠열을 이용하는 1차 초저온 열교환기(103)와;생성된 액화석유가스를 기상과 액상으로 분리하는 1차 액화석유가스(LPG) 분리기(201)와;팽창에 의해 추가적인 온도 하강을 유발하는 액화석유가스(LPG) 팽창 밸브(202)와;기상과 액상으로 분리하여 액화석유가스(LPG) 연료가스 또는 배기가스 설비(200)와 액화석유가스(LPG) 화물창(300)으로 보내주는 2차 액화석유가스(LPG) 분리기(203);로 구성한 것을 특징으로 하는 과 냉각과 잠열 교환을 이용한 고효율 해상 액화천연가스 생산장치.
- 액화를 발생시키는 냉매를 압축하는 냉매 압축기(101)와;냉매의 압축 시 발생하는 열을 제거하는 냉매 열교환기(102)와;플래쉬 가스 생성을 줄이는 과 냉각을 유발하는 2차 초저온 열교환기(105)와;팽창에 의해 냉열을 생산하는 1차 팽창기(104) 및 2차 팽창기(106)와;생성된 액화천연가스를 분리하는 1차 액화천연가스(LNG) 분리기(401)와;1차 액화천연가스(LNG) 분리기(401)에서 배출되어 고압 액화천연가스(LNG) 연료가스 또는 배기가스 설비(400)로 전달되는 액화천연가스의 압력을 제어하는 1차 액화천연가스(LNG) 분리기 압력 제어 밸브(402)와;저압으로 액화천연가스를 팽창시키는 액화천연가스(LNG) 팽창 밸브(403)와;기상과 액상으로 분리하여 고압 액화천연가스(LNG) 연료가스 또는 배기가스 설비(600)와 액화천연가스(LNG) 화물창(500)으로 보내주는 2차 액화천연가스(LNG) 분리기(501);로 구성한 것을 특징으로 하는 과 냉각과 잠열 교환을 이용한 고효율 해상 액화천연가스 생산장치.
- 액화를 발생시키는 냉매를 압축하는 냉매 압축기(101)와;냉매의 압축 시 발생하는 열을 제거하는 냉매 열교환기(102)와;흐름 간의 상호 열교환 시 액화석유가스(LPG)를 기화시켜 잠열을 이용하는 1차 초저온 열교환기(103)와;플래쉬 가스 생성을 줄이는 과 냉각을 유발하는 2차 초저온 열교환기(105)와;팽창에 의해 냉열을 생산하는 1차 팽창기(104) 및 2차 팽창기(106)와;생성된 액화석유가스를 기상과 액상으로 분리하는 1차 액화석유가스(LPG) 분 리기(201)와;팽창에 의해 추가적인 온도 하강을 유발하는 액화석유가스(LPG) 팽창 밸브(202)와;기상과 액상으로 분리하여 액화석유가스(LPG) 연료가스 또는 배기가스 설비(200)와 액화석유가스(LPG) 화물창(300)으로 보내주는 2차 액화석유가스(LPG) 분리기(203)와;생성된 액화천연가스를 분리하는 1차 액화천연가스(LNG) 분리기(401)와;1차 액화천연가스(LNG) 분리기(401)에서 배출되어 고압 액화천연가스(LNG) 연료가스 또는 배기가스 설비(400)로 전달되는 액화천연가스의 압력을 제어하는 1차 액화천연가스(LNG) 분리기 압력 제어 밸브(402)와;저압으로 액화천연가스를 팽창시키는 액화천연가스(LNG) 팽창 밸브(403)와;기상과 액상으로 분리하여 고압 액화천연가스(LNG) 연료가스 또는 배기가스 설비(600)와 액화천연가스(LNG) 화물창(500)으로 보내주는 2차 액화천연가스(LNG) 분리기(501);로 구성한 것을 특징으로 하는 과 냉각과 잠열 교환을 이용한 고효율 해상 액화천연가스 생산장치.
- 액화를 발생시키는 냉매를 압축하는 냉매 압축기(101)와;냉매의 압축 시 발생하는 열을 제거하는 냉매 열교환기(102)와;흐름 간의 상호 열교환 시 액화석유가스(LPG)를 기화시켜 잠열을 이용하는 1차 초저온 열교환기(103)와;플래쉬 가스 생성을 줄이는 과 냉각을 유발하는 2차 초저온 열교환기(105)와;팽창에 의해 냉열을 생산하는 1차 팽창기(104) 및 2차 팽창기(106)와;생성된 액화석유가스를 기상과 액상으로 분리하는 1차 액화석유가스(LPG) 분리기(201)와;상기 1차 액화석유가스(LPG) 분리기(201)에서 분리된 액화석유가스를 가열시켜 액화석유가스(LPG) 화물창(300)으로 보내주는 액화석유가스(LPG) 가열기(602)와;생성된 액화천연가스를 분리하는 1차 액화천연가스(LNG) 분리기(401)와;1차 액화천연가스(LNG) 분리기(401)에서 배출되어 고압 액화천연가스(LNG) 연료가스 또는 배기가스 설비(400)로 전달되는 액화천연가스의 압력을 제어하는 1차 액화천연가스(LNG) 분리기 압력 제어 밸브(402)와;저압으로 액화천연가스를 팽창시키는 액화천연가스(LNG) 팽창 밸브(403)와;기상과 액상으로 분리하여 고압 액화천연가스(LNG) 연료가스 또는 배기가스 설비(600)와 액화천연가스(LNG) 화물창(500)으로 보내주는 2차 액화천연가스(LNG) 분리기(501)와;상기 2차 액화천연가스(LNG) 분리기(501)에서 배출되는 플래쉬 가스를 압축시켜 원료가스(100)와 함께 1차 초저온 열교환기(103) 측으로 전달하는 플래쉬 가스 압축기(601);로 구성한 것을 특징으로 하는 과 냉각과 잠열 교환을 이용한 고효율 해상 액화천연가스 생산장치.
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KR20210032651A (ko) * | 2019-09-17 | 2021-03-25 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 액상 프로판 기화 방법 및 이에 사용되는 기화 장치 |
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