KR100846523B1 - Plant cultivating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cultivation tank for cultivating crops using a nutrient solution cultivation method, and more specifically, an auxiliary cultivation panel having a formal hole for planting seed crops or seed-growing cultivated crops, and the auxiliary cultivation panel is seated. The seating jaw is formed on the inner surface of the nutrient solution so that the nutrient solution is supplied to the cultivation panel formed with a net for supporting the roots of the cultivated crops passing through the formal holes, and the cultivated crops supported by the cultivation panel and the auxiliary cultivation panel. A cultivation tank for storing, a height adjusting means accommodated in the cultivation tank, supporting the cultivation panel, and adjusting, supporting, and fixing the height of the nutrient solution water surface and the cultivation crop stored in the cultivation tank, and supplying current to the height adjusting means. It is characterized in that it comprises a power control means for automatically raising and lowering the crops for a predetermined time by applying Relate to plant cultivation device.

Cultivation tank, height adjusting means, nutrient solution means, cultivation panel

Description

Plant Cultivation Equipment {PLANT CULTIVATING APPARATUS}

1 is an exploded perspective view of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a view showing the height adjustment means of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention.

3 is a view showing a safety member of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a side view of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention.

Figure 5 is a view showing the nutrient solution supply means of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention.

Figure 6 is a view showing the drainage control means of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention.

7 is a perspective view of the combination of FIG.

8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG.

9 is a view showing a buoyancy meter member of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention.

Figure 10 is a perspective view of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

1: Plant cultivation device 10: Auxiliary cultivation panel

20: cultivation panel 30: cultivation tank

40: nutrient solution supply means 50: internal branch pipe

55: guide member 60: air venturi device

70: power control means 80: timer

90: drain port 100: height adjustment means

110: cultivation panel support 120: lifting member

125: power transmission shaft 128: vertical worm gear shaft

129: Worm Gear 130: Shanghai East Gear

133: reduction member 140: buoyancy pack

142: buoyancy pack 145: horizontal adjustment buoyancy pack

150: buoyancy meter member 160: safety member

170: rotary dial 200: drainage control means

The present invention relates to a plant cultivation apparatus for cultivating crops using a nutrient cultivation method.

Generally, nutrient cultivation is soil-free and ignorance cultivation without soil. In other words, the crops are not supplied with water and nutrients needed by the soil, but the cultivation is performed by the grower artificially adjusting the environment of the underground and the ground to dissolve the nutrients in clean water at an appropriate ratio to make nutrient solution and absorb it. It is called hydroponic cultivation by cultivating only nutrient solution without giving water and nutrients separately like soil. In general, it is faster to grow than cultivated soil, and has a characteristic of producing lean agricultural products.

Peripheral fluid flows through the nutrient solution at a certain level in the cultivation tank of the above method, as a medium to support the distillation method and the cultivation plant roots, which is the most classic cultivation method that supplies oxygen to the crop roots as well as the nutrients and moisture of the flowing nutrient solution Root oxygen generated from culture medium and bile cultivation using a medium such as pitmoss, rice hulls, or rock wool to grow crops using the amount and moisture supplied as a culture solution and the oxygen supplied from the atmosphere into the medium. In order to make up for the shortage, there is a spray mirror method in which the nutrient solution is sprayed directly to the roots of crops.

Among the above cultivation methods, the bile solution most commonly used for cultivating leafy vegetables is because the nutrient solution is supplied in the cultivation bed Root temperature change is small and the root volume temperature can be easily adjusted by adjusting only the temperature of the nutrient solution supplied, and it is easy to cultivate crops because the concentration, composition, pH, etc. of the nutrient solution can be stably corrected. Is immersed in the nutrient solution as a whole, and the oxygen supplied to the roots depends on the amount of dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution. When the temperature rises from 11 to 15 o'clock, there is a high tendency to cause oxygen deficiency due to the rise of water temperature in the cultivated tank where the root is submerged. Lack of dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution causes aging of the browning of the roots. A continued decrease in hydroelectric finally, there is a downside to wear damage to the quantities reduced in accordance with the overall decrease in the growth of plants.

In addition, other materials other than soil, such as vermiculite, pearlite, sand and gravel, etc., are processed aseptically to make huntan, rock wool, sponges, etc. Medium cultivation method is the most widely used cultivation type for fruit and vegetable, and it has the advantage that it can be cultivated familiarly in the same way as soil cultivation by cultivating with the support supporting the cultivation crop, Proper distribution of nutrient solution, that is, the amount of nutrient solution supplied and nutrient supply intervals should be adjusted to maintain the amount of air at least 10% so that the nutrient solution is supplied as in the case of soil, and to maintain the amount of liquid so that the roots are not dry. It can prevent the damage of drying.

In addition, there is a problem that must be installed horizontally when installing the medium, which is the growth place of crops

This is because when the medium is installed inclined, salt is accumulated on the opposite side of the inclined upper part, which makes it difficult to extend the roots to the area, and on the contrary, the inclined lower part is in the same liquid state as the storage tank, which causes oxygen deficiency. Because it becomes.

Since the nutrient solution supplied to the support medium is grown in such a way that when the concentration and composition of the culture solution becomes uneven, it is difficult to adjust due to the buffering capacity of the unbalanced nutrient solution contained in the medium, and the measurement time for adjustment This medium has a long-term difficulty, and once used, the medium is re-used by growers because it is expensive due to the accumulation of accumulated nutrient solution and contamination of pathogens. The used or contaminated media has a disadvantage that it is difficult to dispose and can be reduced to environmental pollution sources.

In addition, the most commonly used spraying method for seed potato production is to adjust the spraying time and interval of nutrient solution according to the variety to be cultivated using auxiliary facilities through timers, etc. It is possible to cultivate it, but the temperature and humidity in the bed of the cultivation tank change rapidly depending on the external environment, so it is difficult to control the environment around the root zone, and the nozzle that sprays the nutrient solution during cultivation is blocked. If it is difficult, and single cells exemplifies the failure of exposure to the air in the cultivation of waste pail crude grown by a power failure or motor supply, the crops that are grown Forgery due to the interruption of the supply of water and moisture, there is a high risk of damage or waste farming.

As the problem of the cultivation method presented above, the root of the cultivated crop not only supports the plant but also has the function of absorbing water and nutrients, and the important role in the absorption is the root hair of the root zone, and in the case of soil, the root hair. 'S life extends at the same time as the roots grow for 2 to 3 days, increasing the surface area of the roots and absorbing the water-soluble nutrient ions in the soil. There are tens of thousands of root hairs in a plant. The thickness varies from 0.0mm to less than 0.02mm, but in the case of cultivation of nutrient solution, the absorption function of root is the same, but the flow rate of the nutrient solution supplied to the cultivation tank or culture temperature, liquid supply amount, and submersion Growth rate and thickness vary depending on time.

For example, if the flow rate is fast, the root hairs are less generated and the thickness is thicker, and if the time of the lock is long, aging may occur together with the above phenomenon and affect the overall growth. In addition, high water temperature of the nutrient solution results in vigorous respiration. The plant uses the energy obtained by the respiration to perform root growth, absorption of nutrients, and physiological functions. The level of dissolved oxygen in the roots determines the root growth and vitality of the subterranean roots, absorbs sheep and moisture, and affects the growth and normal growth of photosynthetic ground foliage. do.

That is, in nutrient cultivation, most of the oxygen required by the roots of crops absorbs oxygen dissolved in nutrient solution and breathes, but oxygen dissolved in nutrient solution is limited amount available to plants. The reality is that it is inadequate to get the large amount of oxygen needed.

Insufficient oxygen supply from roots lowers the function and vitality of various roots, such as root elongation, active or selective nutrient absorption, metabolism in the absorbed nutrient roots, and synthesis of plant hormones such as Cytokinin.

Growing vegetables in nutrient solution with low dissolved oxygen often leaves yellowing and yellowing occurs. As a result, the production of Cytokinin is reduced due to the lack of dissolved oxygen, and the amount of current flowing to the ground is small.The decline of this hormone inhibits not only leaf yellowing but also leaf expansion and fruit hypertrophy. Will have a significant impact on the growth of

In addition, when the dissolved oxygen amount is insufficient, the amount of ethylene which promotes aging as a mature hormone increases, causing the stalk of the crops to be bent or twisted downward, causing sulfidation. It is accompanied by the result of suppressing the growth of stems and leaves by lowering the GA content of organs.

This is because the cultivated plants grow more actively at higher temperatures and require more oxygen, and the dissolved oxygen decreases as the temperature increases, so that P, K, Ca, Mn, etc. are absorbed due to the lack of dissolved oxygen in the hot season cultivation in summer or facility houses. Along with the decrease, the amount of ethylene hormone, which is an aging hormone, increases, causing roots to die.

As described above, in the case of cultivation plants in which cultivated plants are grown in nutrient solution, the dissolved oxygen deficiency in the nutrient solution is due to the vigorous respiration of the roots due to the vigorous respiration of the roots, especially in the summer when the temperature and sunshine are strong. Oxygen deficiency is significantly lowered. Root respiration increases as the amount of sunshine increases, and the effect on changes in sunshine amount is usually reflected in the respiratory volume after 2-3 hours, and when the amount of sunshine during the day increases, the amount of root respiration during the night also increases.

In general, when the nutrient solution temperature rises by 10 ℃ during the summer, the volume of respiration of the roots is doubled. In general, when the water temperature is 20 ℃ during the cultivation, the amount of breathing is about twice as high, and at 30 ℃, the volume of respiration increases by 4 times. have.

This characteristic acts as a major factor to determine the cultivation of crops, especially in fruit vegetables with a large root root.

For example, tomatoes have a low strength to withstand low dissolved oxygen and strong cucumbers. Cucumbers grow more vigorously as the amount of dissolved oxygen increases, which causes lush growth, but decreases the productivity of fruit harvesting. At night, the root pressure drops, making it difficult to move inside the plant, which causes physiological illness caused by calcium deficiency, navel rot and strawberry tip rot. Root pressure is the force that causes the root to discharge water to the ground. Phenomenon is that undeveloped leaves or edges of new leaves turn brown, and even when the leaves are fully developed, they do not become normal leaves. Lack of oxygen acts as a limiting factor in increasing root pressure. Intra-plant migration is also largely governed by the movement of water, which results in deficiency due to less growth or less migration during the day.

Therefore, when cultivating leafy vegetable crops for leaf harvesting or fruit crops for fruit harvesting, the yield of the ground part is dominantly controlled by the cultivation method using nutrient solution because the root growth and absorption capacity and the surrounding root environment are absolutely dominated. The reality is that crop selection is limited to some extent.

In the nutrient solution cultivation as described above, using the energy obtained by the respiration of the root to perform the growth and other physiological functions of the root itself, dissolved oxygen in the root area becomes an important factor in the normal growth of the whole plant, In the bile cultivation method in which most roots are immersed during cultivation, oxygen deficiency is likely to occur, and thus safe and large cultivation is impossible without sufficient measures.

In order to prevent this, it is very important to increase the oxygen of the root portion or to absorb a lot of oxygen.The air injector of the bubble generator (air compressor) or broth in the cultivation tank or the nutrient solution container containing the existing culture solution is very important. There is a method of dissolving oxygen by immersing in the nutrient solution and simply generating bubbles, but the air bubbles injected into the water are too big, and when the nutrient solution level is high, the dispersed air air comes together and disappears into the air. There is a method of dissolving the air by dissolving the nutrient solution drained through the drainage pipe in the cultivation tank by using the height difference between the drainage pipe and the nutrient container or the discharge container, causing water or vortex to mix the air and the nutrient solution. If there is a difference in water level between the tube and the nutrient bottle It is a method of dissolving oxygen in the air by installing the plunger and flowing the culture liquid, but the contact surface of the nutrient solution in contact with air is small, and there is a problem that the practicality is lower than that of using a bubble generator or directly exposing the root zone to the air.

In addition, in the case of the water temperature of the nutrient solution that influences the root respiration of the plant, the nutrient solution supplied by using the cooler and the heating device of the auxiliary equipment is used by heating and cooling. It is difficult, and in general, to grow in an environment where the influence of natural environment is directly controlled.

Therefore, the present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, the present invention because the plant planted in the initial cultivation panel is weakly rooted the growth power of the nutrient solution is mixed with air through the air venturi device of the nutrient solution supply pipe From the mid-growth period when the rooting force is applied to the bottom of the cultivation tank by strengthening rooting power, and the plant flows through the cultivation tank with a height adjusting means to gradually expose the roots of the raised plant to the air. By absorbing dissolved oxygen supplied through nutrient, moisture, and air venturi devices, and actively absorbing oxygen through the roots exposed in the air, the health of cultivated plants is maintained regardless of the water temperature and dissolved oxygen amount of nutrient solution. By maintaining quantity, moisture absorption and breath of the root zone, grower aims The purpose is to provide a plant cultivation apparatus which is stable to be grown.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an auxiliary cultivation panel having a formal hole for inserting a germination support of a sowing seed or planting a seedling of a plant to be cultivated, and a seating jaw on the inner surface of the auxiliary cultivation panel. And a cultivation panel having a network for supporting the roots of the cultivated crops passing through the formal hole, a cultivation tank for storing nutrient solution to supply nutrient solution to the cultivated crops supported by the cultivation panel and the auxiliary cultivation panel, A height adjusting means accommodated in a cultivation tank, supporting the cultivation panel, adjusting, supporting and fixing the nutrient solution water level and the height of the cultivation crop stored in the cultivation tank, and applying current to the height adjustment means to automatically apply the cultivation crop. It characterized in that it comprises a power control means for moving up and down.

According to the above structure, as the roots of the crops grow on the cultivation panel in which the crops are planted and grown using the nutrient cultivation method, the roots of the root zone are exposed to the air at the time or height set by the grower to absorb the oxygen necessary for growth. At the same time By supplying fine air to the nutrient solution to be supplied, there is an advantage that it is possible to improve the growth environment of the young roots that absorb oxygen only in the nutrient solution.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In addition, the present embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but is presented by way of example only, and the components having the same construction and operation as the conventional invention use the same symbols or names.

1 is an exploded perspective view of a plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a view showing the height adjustment means of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a view showing a safety member of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention 4 is a side view of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 5 is a view showing the nutrient solution supply means of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 6 is a drain control means of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view shown, Figure 7 is a combined perspective view of Figure 6, Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view AA of Figure 7, Figure 9 is a view showing the buoyancy meter member of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the invention, Figure 10 Combined perspective view of the plant cultivation apparatus according to.

As shown, the plant cultivation apparatus 1 according to the present invention is an auxiliary cultivation panel 10 having a formal hole 12 for inserting the germination support of the sowing seed or planting seedlings of plants to be grown, and the auxiliary A cultivation panel 20 having a mounting jaw 22 formed on an inner side of the cultivation panel 10, and having a net 24 supporting roots of the cultivated crops passing through the formal hole 12; A cultivation tank 30 for storing nutrient solution to supply nutrient solution to a cultivation crop supported by the cultivation panel 20 and the auxiliary cultivation panel 10, and accommodated in the cultivation tank 30, and the cultivation panel 20. Supporting, the height adjustment means 100 for adjusting, supporting and fixing the nutrient solution water surface and the height of the cultivation crop stored in the cultivation tank 30, and applying a current to the height adjustment means 100 cultivation crops It characterized in that it comprises a power control means 70 for raising and lowering.

Preferably, the cultivation panel 20 is made of a UV-treated reinforced plastic material and stainless steel, which is light in weight and does not cause corrosion to ultraviolet rays of the sun, and the cultivation plant formulated in the auxiliary cultivation panel 10 is the auxiliary cultivation. Regardless of the size of the formal hole 12 of the panel 10, the stem of the cultivated plant is supported by the formal hole 12 by being entangled with the roots 24 at the same time so as not to flow or fall downward. It was made.

The auxiliary cultivation panel 10 is a stem stem vegetable (parsley, lettuce, Chinese cabbage, garland chrysanthemum, onion, garlic, etc.) that can be sown and cultivated using the auxiliary cultivation panel (10), root vegetables (rad, carrots) , Potatoes, burdock, lotus root, bellflower, etc.), fruit vegetables (tomato, pepper, eggplant, strawberry, melon, watermelon, etc.) can be grown.

In addition, the cultivation panel 20 is a cultivated crop or bulbs, flowers, such as the cultivation using the auxiliary cultivation panel 10 directly, such as sprinkler during the cultivation period when planting water from the top of the plant in the same way When seed and seedling plants are dug or roots are exposed, when water is on the plants, when growing plants that are susceptible to disease expression, when seeding and growing vegetative propagation plants using supplementary soils such as perlite and soil When producing sprout vegetables in large quantities using a container with finely drilled seeds, planted subsidiary materials, sowing and seedling boxes, prug trays, pots, pots, potted plants, etc. are placed on the cultivation panel 20 It can be cultivated by supplying water and water by irrigation.

The height adjustment means 100 is provided on both sides of the cultivation panel support 110 and the cultivation panel support 110 formed on the inner side so that the cultivation panel 112 is seated so that the cultivation panel 20 is seated Lifting member 120 for raising and lowering the cultivation panel support 100, buoyancy pack 140 is provided on the outer surface of the lifting member 120 to float by buoyancy from the nutrient solution surface of the cultivation tank (30) And a buoyancy meter member 150 provided on the side of the elevating member 120 to check the height of the cultivation tank 30 at the surface of the nutrient solution.

And, the height adjusting means 100 is moved up and down by the guide member 55 in the cultivation tank 30 in accordance with the amount of nutrient solution supplied to the cultivation tank (30).

The guide member 55 is inserted into the guide groove 56 formed on the outer surface of the height adjusting means 100 and the guide groove 56, the guide protrusion formed on the inner surface of the cultivation tank 30 ( 57).

And, as shown in Figure 7, the buoyancy meter member 150 is accommodated on the side of the height adjusting means 100, buoyancy meter base 151 engraved on the front with a transparent body and the buoyancy meter ( 151 is provided in the lower portion of the air bag 152 floating on the surface of the nutrient solution, and the gauge adjustment weight 153 to maintain the balance of buoyancy at the height of a certain level of medals at the bottom of the air bag 152 And, the buoyancy meter base 151 is made of a departure prevention member 155 to prevent the air bag 152 is separated from the outside when the ascending and descending from the case 121 side.

The release preventing member 155 is formed on the side surface of the case 121 to accommodate the release preventing protrusion 156 protruding from both sides of the buoyancy meter base 151 and the buoyancy meter base 151 and the inner surface It consists of a receiving hole 157 formed in the departure prevention groove 158 to accommodate the departure prevention projections 156 in.

The buoyancy pack 140 is provided on both sides of the main buoyancy pack 142 provided on the case 121 of the elevating member 120 and the case 121 of the elevating member 120. It consists of a horizontal adjustment buoyancy pack 145 to adjust the deviation.

The horizontal adjustment buoyancy pack 145 may form an inlet 146 on the upper side to put water in large and small amounts through the inlet 146 to reduce the difference in buoyancy balance.

As shown in FIG. 2, the elevating member 120 includes a case 121, a motor 122 provided in the case 121, and an electric gear for transmitting power of the motor 122. 123, a driven gear 124 meshed with the electric gear 123 and formed to have a large diameter so as to rotate the rotation of the electric gear 123 at a low speed, and are coupled to the driven gear 124 and rotated to both sides. The extended bevel gear transmission 125, the first bevel gear 126 coupled to both ends of the power transmission shaft 125, and the first bevel gear 126 are meshed with the first bevel gear 126 The second bevel gear 127 is connected to the second bevel gear 127 and the second bevel gear 127 to decelerate and rotate while the diameter of the power transmission shaft 125 is changed vertically. The vertical worm gear shaft 128 which is rotated by the rotation of the 127 and forms the worm gear 129 in the longitudinal direction, and the vertical worm gear shaft 128 It is provided on one side of the shank dong gear 130 and the shank dong gear 130, which is engaged with the umber gear 129 and ascend and descend on the worm gear 129 is formed extending to the outside of the case 121 The support panel 132 supports the cultivation panel support 110.

The support piece 132 supports both lower ends of the cultivation panel support 110 in a 'b' shape.

The motor 122 rotates forward and reverse by a DC transformer and a rectifier.

In addition, the power transmission shaft 125 provided at the upper end of the case 121 and the vertical worm gear shaft 128 provided at both sides of the case 121 are bearings 136 so that both ends thereof can be smoothly rotated and fixed. It is fixed, the bearing 137 is formed to support the case 121 by the bearing bearing cover 138.

The bearing 137 uses a bearing made of a ceramic having a high corrosion resistance of water.

In addition, the power transmission shaft 125 is provided with a safety member 160 to block the current supplied to the motor 122 when the rotation of the power transmission shaft 125 is outside the limit value.

As shown in FIG. 3, the safety member 160 is engaged with the horizontal worm gear 162 formed on the power transmission shaft 125 and the horizontal worm gear 162 on the horizontal worm gear 162. A horizontal movement gear 164 for moving horizontally, an on / off breaker 166 formed to extend outwardly of the horizontal movement gear 164, and the on / off breaker by horizontal movement of the horizontal movement gear 164. The micro switch 168 cuts a current supplied to the motor 122 in contact with the 164.

Bearings 137 are coupled to both side power transmission shafts 125 of the horizontal warp gear 162 and the bearing 137 is fixed to the case 121 by a bearing fixing cover 138 and the horizontal movable gear A moving range of 164 is defined.

In addition, the upper surface of the case 121 of the elevating member 120 is connected to the vertical worm gear shaft 128, and visually observed the movement transmitted to the vertical worm gear shaft 128 by the rotation of the motor 122. It can be confirmed, and is provided with a rotary dial 170 is attached to the instrument panel 172 so that it can be directly rotated by hand.

A reduction member 133 is provided between the second bevel gear 127 and the vertical warp gear shaft 128.

The deceleration member 133 is axially coupled to the upper portion of the second bevel gear 127 and engaged with the deceleration gear 134 and the deceleration gear 134. This large, made of a driven gear 135 is connected to the vertical worm gear shaft (128).

1 or 5, the cultivation tank 30 is provided with nutrient solution supply means 40 for automatically supplying nutrient solution.

The nutrient solution supply means 40 is a nutrient solution supply pipe 42 for supplying nutrient solution into the cultivation tank 30, and a nutrient solution control valve 44 for intermittently supplying the nutrient solution supplied on the nutrient solution supply pipe 42, It is coupled to the end of the nutrient solution supply pipe 42, branched to both sides, consisting of a dispersion supply pipe 46 formed with a plurality of injection holes 48 in the horizontal direction.

Preferably, the nutrient solution supply pipe 42 has an internal branch pipe 50 that is bent toward the dispersion supply pipe 46 and forms a plurality of branch injection holes 52 and has a length difference of several strands.

In addition, the nutrient solution supply pipe 42 is provided with an air venturi device 60 to supply air to the nutrient solution supplied.

The air ventilator device 60 is interposed between the nutrient solution supply pipe 42 and coupled to each other, connected to the nutrient solution supply pipe 42 and the diameter different diameter socket 62, and the two diameter socket 62 to supply air. It consists of the air pipe 64 to supply and the air control valve 66 provided on the said air pipe 64 to control the flow of air.

As shown in FIG. 6, a drainage hole 90 is formed at the bottom of the cultivation tank 30, and a drainage control for selectively discharging the nutrient solution of the cultivation tank 30 is discharged to the drainage hole 90. Means 200 are provided.

The drainage adjusting means 200 is partially inserted into the drain hole 90 and protrudes upward, and forms a slit 212 at a part of the upper circumference protruding, and forms a slit hole 214 at the bottom of the other side of the slit 212. A catching part formed with a drain pipe 210 and a complete discharge hole 222 formed to extend outwardly around the center of the drain pipe 210 so as to be caught by the drain hole 90 and communicate with the drain hole 90 in a part of the circumference ( 220, a slot hole control tube 235 provided on the outer circumference of the upper portion of the drain pipe 210 and lowered by the rail member 230 to adjust the opening and closing amount of the slot hole 214, and the drain pipe 210 And a fixing ring 240 fixed to an inner lower end of the drain tube 210 to form a slot hole 242 communicating with the slit hole 214 of the drain pipe 210, and provided inside the drain pipe 210. Opening and closing pipe having a switchgear 252 for controlling the discharge by varying the area corresponding to 212 Consists of 250.

Preferably, the complete discharge hole 222 is bent and formed below the drain hole 90, and the capillary tube 224 is provided inside the complete discharge hole 222.

And, the rail member 230 is a groove rail 232 formed in the longitudinal direction on the outer circumferential surface of the drain pipe 210 exposed from the drain hole 90, and the slit hole control pipe to be inserted into the groove rail (232) ( It consists of an uneven rail 234 formed on the inner circumferential surface of 235.

In addition, on the outer circumferential surface of the drain pipe 210 it is preferable that the water discharge scale 260 is formed so that the grower can check the amount of nutrient solution discharged.

The nutrient solution supplied to the cultivation tank 30 is controlled by the drain control means 200 to be discharged to the drain port 90, and the nutrient solution withdrawn is cultivated by the circulation pump (not shown). It is fed back in and circulated.

The opening and closing hole 96 of the opening and closing pipe 95 is formed in a spiral shape and the range in communication with the slit 93 of the drain pipe 92 is variable in rotation.

Then, the bottom of the cultivation tank 30 is formed to be bent in the shape of a mountain from the center to the side.

The instrumentation panel 139 is provided with the instrumentation needle 139 which is moved in accordance with the ascending and descending of the culture panel support 110. The instrumentation needle 139 is instructed on the buoyancy instrument base 151 of the buoyancy instrument member 150, thereby providing the culture panel. The flow distance of the up and down height of the pedestal 110 can be visually confirmed.

The gauge needle 139 is formed in the shanghai gear gear 130 is raised and lowered in the case 121 in accordance with the lifting and lowering of the shanghai gear gear 130, of the buoyancy meter base 151 of the transparent body It is transmitted from the inside to the outside and can be seen with the naked eye.

On the other hand, the power control means 70 is provided with a power switch 72 for controlling the current by applying a current to the height adjustment means 100, the power lamp 74 flashing by the operation of the power switch 72 ) Is provided.

The power switch 72 is made up of the elevating power switch 72a and the automatic and manual power switch 72b, and each of the power supply switches 72 and blinks by the operation of the elevating power switch 72a and the automatic and manual power switch 72b. Auxiliary lamp 75 is provided.

The motor 122 rotates forward, stops, and reverses by the raising / stopping / lowering operation of the elevating power switch 72a and automatically or manually adjusting the height by the automatic / manual power switch 72b. 100).

In addition, the power control means 70 is provided with a timer 80 to control the operation time.

The timer 80 is composed of an analog 24-hour timer 82 and a two-counter timer 84 that can operate the input time in seconds, and the analog 24-hour timer 82 is 24 hours a day by a time setting segment. It is a power failure compensation type timer that can be turned on / off at a desired time zone by programming every 10 minutes, and the two-counter timer 84 is operated in seconds during the analog 24-hour timer 82 on time, and from several seconds to several tens of 24 hours. Seconds, it operates for a few minutes to power the motor.

 Hereinafter, the operation and effects of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention.

First, seed germination supports or pots of seeded cultivated crops are fixed to the formal holes 12 of the auxiliary cultivation panel 10, and the auxiliary cultivation panel 10 is seated on the cultivation panel 20. Seat on the chin (22).

The cultivation panel 20 is formed with a net 24 so that the stem of the cultivated crop has a formal hole 12 and the root is entangled with the net 24 to simultaneously support the cultivation of the cultivated crop.

And, without using the auxiliary cultivation panel 10, the subsidiary materials, seeding and seedling boxes, planting plants, planting plants, plant pots, pots, pots, pots, bonsai, etc. directly planted on the cultivation panel 20 is placed on the cultivation panel 20. You can cultivate by letting go.

The cultivation panel 20 is seated on the cultivation panel base 110 of the height adjusting means 100. The cultivation panel stand 110 is formed with a locking projection 112 protruding from the inner side to the center to support the cultivation panel 20.

The height adjusting means 100 on which the cultivation panel 20 is seated is accommodated in the cultivation tank 30.

The nutrient solution is supplied to the cultivation tank 30 by the nutrient solution supply means 40 provided on one side of the cultivation tank 30.

The nutrient solution is supplied to the cultivation tank 30 through the nutrient solution supply pipe 42. The end of the nutrient solution supply pipe 42 is evenly distributed by the distribution supply pipe 46 having both branches and horizontally formed with a plurality of branch holes 48. Distributed supply.

In addition, the nutrient solution supply pipe 42 is provided with an internal branch pipe 50 that is bent toward the dispersion supply pipe 42 and forms a plurality of branch injection holes 52 and has a length difference of several strands. When the nutrient solution flows into (30), it is to be dispersed evenly regardless of the dispersion wave or the amount biased to the center according to the distance of the dispersing point of the nutrient solution supply pipe (42).

At this time, the nutrient solution supply pipe 42 is provided with an air venturi device 60 using a different diameter socket 62 having a different diameter to supply air through the air pipe 64 to the two diameter socket 62, When passing through the small diameter socket 62, the air is finely broken by the high flow rate and the surface area is increased to increase the amount of dissolved oxygen available to the crop.

The nutrient solution control and air control is intermittent by the nutrient solution control valve 44, the air control valve 66 provided in the nutrient solution supply pipe 42 and the air pipe (64).

As the nutrient solution is filled in the cultivation tank 30, the height adjusting means 100 is floated to a constant height with the nutrient solution water surface by the buoyancy pack 140.

At this time, the height adjusting means by the guide groove 56 formed on the outer surface of the height adjusting means 100 and the guide protrusion 57 of the inner surface of the cultivation tank 30 fitted into the guide groove 56 ( 100) only moves up and down without deviation.

The buoyancy pack 140 is composed of a main buoyancy pack 142 and the horizontal adjustment buoyancy pack 144, the difference between the buoyancy by putting water through the inlet 146 formed on the upper surface of the horizontal adjustment buoyancy pack 144 After reducing the, keep level.

Thus, the cultivation panel 20 is nutrient solution water surface with constant buoyancy without the height adjusting means 100 sinking due to the increase in the nutrient solution introduced into the cultivation tank 30 and the growth of the plant of the cultivation panel 20. It will float to the height of.

In addition, the height adjusting means 100 is provided with a buoyancy meter member 150 on the side so that the grower can check the height with the naked eye to adjust the amount of water in the buoyancy pack 140.

At this time, the buoyancy meter member 150 is formed below the buoyancy meter 151 and the buoyancy meter 151 accommodated in the receiving hole 157 of the height adjusting means 100 side is the buoyancy meter 151 is made of air bag 152 to float on the surface of the nutrient solution and a gauge control weight 153 to buoyancy acting at a certain water level, the grower to check the gauge control weight 153 buoyancy pack 140 Adjust the amount of water

The buoyancy meter base 151 is the case 121 by the separation prevention protrusion 156 formed on the side and the separation prevention groove 158 of the inner surface of the receiving hole 157 into which the separation prevention protrusion 156 is inserted. Ascending and descending without departing to the outside.

Thereafter, the elevating member 120 is operated by manipulating the power switch 72 of the power control means 70.

When power is applied to the motor 122 of the elevating member 120, the electric gear 123 coupled to the front end of the motor 122 rotates the driven gear 124, the driven gear 124 By rotating the power transmission shaft 125 coupled with the first bevel gear 126 and the second bevel gear 127 formed at both ends of the power transmission shaft 125 to change the power of the side to vertical power By rotating the vertical worm gear shaft 128.

At this time, between the second bevel gear 127 and the vertical worm gear shaft 128 is engaged with the reduction gear 134 and the reduction gear 134 coupled to the second bevel gear 127 and the vertical worm By the driven gear 135 which transmits power to the gear shaft 128, the movement of the shank and tooth gear 130 is minimized.

The shank gear 130 is engaged with the worm gear 129 of the vertical worm gear shaft 128 so that the shank dong gear 130 is lifted and lowered by the rotation of the vertical worm gear shaft 128. As the support piece 132 integrally formed with the gear 130 moves up and down, the cultivation panel support 110 moves up and down.

The high-speed rotation of the motor 122 is engaged with the radial difference of the rotating gear, so that the low-speed rotation is performed so that the movement of the shank gear 130 connected by the support piece 132 is minimized. The power of the motor 122 is connected to the timer 80 of the power control means 70 so as to rotate with a time difference.

The motor 122 is the vertical warp gear 128 by the power transmission of the motor 122 is rotated forward when the manual operation position of the automatic and manual power switch (72b) and the lifting operation of the elevating switching switch (72a) , The worm gear 129 is rotated forward to raise the shank dong gear 130, the support piece 132, the cultivation panel stand 110 is raised by the operating time of the timer 80 in the cultivation tank 30 In the lowering operation, the motor 122 rotates in reverse and descends to the contrary.

In addition, when the automatic operation position of the automatic / manual power switch 72b and the ascending operation of the elevating switching switch 72a are operated by the set time of the two-counter timer 84 in the on-time of the analog 24-hour timer 82. Rise same as

In addition, during stop operation, the power is interrupted by the interruption of the power supply, so that the planting panel base 110 is not operated up and down, so as to plant the plants placed on the planting panel 20, sowing and seedling boxes, and plug plants. By rotating the motor 122, such as a tray, a pot, a potted plant, and a bonsai in reverse and forward rotation, the cultivation panel 20 is raised and lowered toward the cultivation tank 30 to settle in a nutrient solution for a predetermined time and a predetermined height. It could be.

The power transmission shaft 125 is provided with a safety member 160 so that the shank dong gear 130 of the vertical worm gear shaft 128 by the continuous rotation of the motor 122 is the minimum height and the highest height. Prevent the risk of falling off.

That is, the horizontal transfer gear 164 meshed with the horizontal worm gear 162 is moved by the rotation of the power transmission shaft 125, and the on / off breaker 164 extended to the outside of the horizontal transfer gear 164. After 166 rotates from 45 mA to 90 mA, the current supplied to the motor 122 is blocked by the micro switch 168.

And, the shanghai donggear 130 has a gauge needle 139 is formed so that the gauge needle 139 is extended to the buoyancy meter 151 side, the grower can check with the naked eye of the cultivation panel support 110 Up and down height can be adjusted by visually checking the flow distance.

In addition, the vertical warp gear shaft 128 is provided with a rotary dial 170 attached to the instrument panel 172 at the top to visually check the rotation of the vertical warp gear shaft 128 through the instrument panel 172. It is possible to adjust by rotating by hand using the rotary dial 170.

As described above, as the roots of the crops grow the cultivation panel 20 in which the crop is planted and grown by the timer 80 of the elevating member 120 and the power control means 70, the height and time set by the grower. Alternatively, by lifting the tip of the root in the nutrient solution cultivation tank 30 appropriately at the growth rate of the roots in which the cultivated crops are growing, the cultivated crop smoothly receives oxygen, nutrients, and moisture necessary for photosynthesis regardless of the dissolved oxygen amount. Provide an environment for absorption.

Then, the bottom of the cultivation tank 30 is bent in the shape of a mountain from the center to the side to be completely drained through the drain hole 90 without remaining amount of nutrient solution when the nutrient solution withdrawal.

The drainage hole 90 in the cultivation tank 30 is formed with the drainage pipe 210, which is the drainage control means 200, and the opening and closing pipe 250 so as to rotate or lift the opening and closing pipe 250 to the left and right, The water level is adjusted, and the slit hole 214 formed at one side of the bottom of the drain pipe 210 and the slit hole 242 formed at one side of the fixing ring 240 coincide with the fixing ring 240. The slit holes 214 and 242 smoothly withdraw the lower layer nutrient solution in the cultivation tank 30, and the amount of the nutrient solution discharged to the slit holes 214 and 242 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the drain pipe 210. It is controlled by the rising and falling of.

The slit hole control pipe 225 is provided with a groove rail 232 to the drain pipe 210 and the uneven rail 234 to the slit hole control pipe 225 so that the drain pipe 210 is moved up and down without departure from the drain pipe 210. The grower is visually confirmed the amount of nutrient solution discharged by the discharge scale 260 formed on the outer circumferential surface of the drain pipe 210.

In addition, when the opening and closing pipe 250 is rotated to the left and right to adjust the water level of the nutrient solution stored in the cultivation tank 30, the slit 212 of the drain pipe 210 and the opening and closing port 252 of the opening and closing pipe 250 Is in communication with the nutrient solution above a certain height is discharged through the drain port (90).

The opening and closing port 252 has a spiral shape can gradually adjust the level of the nutrient solution according to the amount of rotation of the opening and closing pipe 250.

When the nutrient solution of the cultivation tank 30 is discharged to a certain height, when the lifting tube 250 is lifted upward, a large amount of nutrient solution is discharged at a speed as fast as the height spaced apart from the fixing ring 240. At the time of complete withdrawal, when the slit hole control pipe 225 is raised to the top of the drain pipe 210, the slit holes 214 and 242 are opened and closed to discharge the whole amount.

At this time, the nutrient solution at the bottom of the cultivation tank 30 and the roots of the plant cultivation corresponding to the complete discharge hole 222 so that the total amount of water can be drained by the capillary-shaped suction force of the nutrient solution dropped to the drain hole 90 A capillary tube 224 in the form of a tubular bundle is provided to discharge the nutrient solution accumulated on the floor.

The complete discharge hole 222 is formed in contact with the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 30, the capillary tube 224 is provided therein cultivated in the drop capillary shape of the nutrient solution to protrude to the bottom of the drain pipe 210 and drained It may be discharged through the complete discharge hole 222 until the settling residue of the tank (30).

As described above, according to the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention, the roots of the young plants absorbing much oxygen by the amount of dissolved oxygen of the nutrient solution use oxygen supplied directly mixed with the nutrient solution through the air venturi device. From the mid-growth period, when the rooting force is strengthened and the roots reach the bottom of the cultivation tank, the plant is equipped with height adjustment means to gradually expose the roots of the raised plant with the cultivation panel to the air. By absorbing the dissolved oxygen supplied through the air and actively absorbing oxygen through the roots exposed to the air, the health of the cultivated plant is irrelevant regardless of the feeding amount, culture temperature and flow rate, and feeding time that affect the dissolved oxygen amount of the nutrient solution. Light through hydration absorption and breathing of smooth muscle zone It is possible to achieve stable multi-cultivation aimed at the grower by the gender current, and to prevent brown aging and coarse roots of roots caused by lack of oxygen, which was a problem during cultivation. It is effective to promote.

Claims (27)

An auxiliary cultivation panel in which a formal hole is formed to insert a germination support of a seed seed or to plant a seedling of a plant to be grown; A cultivation panel in which a seating jaw is formed on an inner side of the auxiliary cultivation panel, and a net supporting a root of the cultivated crop passing through the formal hole; A cultivation tank storing nutrient solution to supply nutrient solution to the cultivated crop supported by the auxiliary cultivation panel and the cultivation panel; Height adjusting means accommodated in the cultivation tank, supporting the cultivation panel, and adjusting, supporting and fixing the nutrient solution water surface and the height of the cultivation crop stored in the cultivation tank; A power control means for automatically raising and lowering the crops by applying a current to the height adjusting means; The plant cultivation apparatus is characterized in that the cultivation tank is provided with a nutrient solution supply means for automatically supplying nutrient solution. delete The method of claim 1, The nutrient solution supply means and nutrient solution supply pipe for supplying nutrient solution into the cultivation tank; A nutrient solution control valve provided on the nutrient solution supply pipe to control the nutrient solution supplied; Coupled to the end of the nutrient solution supply pipe, branched to both sides, plant cultivation device, characterized in that consisting of a dispersion supply pipe formed with a plurality of injection holes in the horizontal direction. The method of claim 3, wherein The nutrient solution supply pipe inside the plant cultivation device is bent to the distributed supply side, characterized in that it is provided with an internal branch pipe forming a plurality of branch injection holes and the length difference of several strands. The method according to claim 3 or 4, The nutrient solution supply pipe is plant cultivation device, characterized in that for supplying air to the nutrient solution supplied with an air venturi device. The method of claim 5, The air venturi device is interposed between the nutrient solution supply pipe is coupled, the diameter of the nutrient solution supply pipe and the diameter different diameter socket; An air pipe connected to the second socket for supplying air; Plant cultivation apparatus, characterized in that consisting of an air control valve provided on the air pipe to regulate the flow of air. The method according to claim 1 or 3, A drain hole is formed at the bottom of the culture tank; Plant drainage device characterized in that the drain is provided with a drain control means for selectively controlling the amount of nutrient solution of the cultivation tank discharged. The method of claim 7, wherein The drain control means includes a drain pipe which is partially inserted into the drain port and protrudes upward and forms a slit at a part of the upper circumference protruding and a slit hole at the bottom of the other side of the slit; A catching part extending outwardly around the center of the drain pipe and hooking the drain hole and forming a completely discharge hole in a part of the circumference to communicate with the drain hole; A slot hole control pipe provided at an upper circumference of the drain pipe and being lifted up and down by a rail member to adjust the opening and closing amount of the slot hole; A fixing ring fixed to an inner lower end of the drain pipe to form a slot hole communicating with the slit hole of the drain pipe; The plant cultivation device, characterized in that the opening is provided on the inner side of the drain pipe having an opening and closing opening to control the discharge by varying the area corresponding to the slit. The method of claim 8, The complete discharge hole is formed bent under the drain hole; Plant cultivation apparatus, characterized in that the capillary tube is provided in the complete discharge hole. The method of claim 8, The rail member includes a groove rail formed in a longitudinal direction on an outer circumferential surface of the drain pipe exposed from the drain hole; Plant cultivation device, characterized in that consisting of the uneven rail formed on the inner peripheral surface of the slit hole control tube to be inserted into the groove rail. The method of claim 8, Plant cultivation apparatus, characterized in that the drainage scale is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the drain pipe so that the grower can check the amount of nutrient solution discharged. The method of claim 7, wherein Plant cultivation apparatus, characterized in that the bottom of the cultivation tank is formed to be bent in a mountain shape from the center to the side. The method of claim 1, The height adjusting means includes a cultivation jaw is formed on the inner side so that the cultivation panel is seated, the cultivation panel support for lifting up and down; An elevating member formed on both sides of the cultivation panel support for raising and lowering the cultivation panel support; A buoyancy pack provided on the outer surface of the elevating member to float by buoyancy from the nutrient solution water surface of the cultivation tank; The plant cultivation device, characterized in that provided on the side of the elevating member consisting of a buoyancy meter member to visually check the height of the cultivation tank nutrient solution surface. The method according to claim 1 or 13, The height adjusting means is a plant cultivation device, characterized in that it moves up and down without deviating left and right by the guide member in the cultivation tank according to the amount of nutrient solution supplied to the cultivation tank. The method of claim 14, The guide member includes a guide groove formed on the outer surface of the height adjusting means; Fitted into the guide groove, plant cultivation device, characterized in that consisting of a guide projection formed on the inner surface of the cultivation tank. The method of claim 13, The elevating member is A case; A motor provided inside the case; An electric gear for transmitting power of the motor; A driven gear meshed with the electric gear and configured to have a large diameter so as to rotate at low rotation of the electric gear; A power transmission shaft coupled to the driven gear and rotating and extending to both sides; First bevel gears coupled to both ends of the power transmission shaft; A second bevel gear meshed with the first bevel gear and having a larger diameter than the first bevel gear to change the rotation of the power transmission shaft vertically and to decelerate rotation; A vertical worm gear shaft formed at a lower end of the second bevel gear and being rotated by the rotation of the second bevel gear to form worm gears in the longitudinal direction; A Shanghai dynamic gear which is engaged with the worm gear of the vertical worm gear shaft and ascends and descends on the worm gear; It is provided on one side of the Shanghai copper gear is formed extending to the outside of the case, the plant cultivation device, characterized in that consisting of a support piece for supporting the cultivation panel support. The method according to claim 13 or 16, The buoyancy pack is a main buoyancy pack is provided on the upper case of the elevating member; Plant cultivation device, characterized in that the horizontal adjustment buoyancy pack is provided on both sides of the case of the elevating member to adjust the left and right deviation. The method according to claim 13 or 16, The buoyancy meter member is accommodated in the case side of the elevating member, buoyancy meter base engraved with a transparent body; An air bag formed at the bottom of the buoyancy meter and floating on the surface of the nutrient solution; Gauge adjustment weight to the buoyancy action at the height of the medallion constant water level at the bottom of the air bag; The buoyancy meter base is raised and lowered by the air bag at the side of the case, plant cultivation device, characterized in that consisting of a departure prevention member for preventing the departure from the outside. The method of claim 18, The separation preventing member includes a separation preventing protrusion formed on both sides of the buoyancy meter; Plant cultivation device comprising a receiving groove formed on the side of the case to accommodate the buoyancy meter is formed with a separation preventing groove to accommodate the separation prevention projection on the inner side. The method of claim 16, The power transmission shaft is provided with a safety member plant cultivation device, characterized in that to cut off the current supplied to the motor when the rotation of the power transmission shaft is out of the limit. The method of claim 20, The safety member includes a horizontal worm gear coupled to the power transmission shaft; A horizontal moving gear meshed with the horizontal warp gears to move horizontally on the horizontal warp gears; An on / off breaker extending outwardly of the horizontal shift gear; The plant cultivation device, characterized in that consisting of a micro-switch to cut off the current supplied to the motor in contact with the on / off breaker by the horizontal movement of the horizontal transfer gear. The method of claim 16, A speed reduction member is provided between the second bevel gear and the vertical warp gear shaft, so that the movement of the shanghai transmission gear is minimized. The method of claim 22, The reduction member is coupled to the upper portion of the second bevel gear reduction gear for transmitting a rotation; The plant cultivation device is meshed with the reduction gear, the diameter is larger than the reduction gear, the plant cultivation device comprising a driven gear connected to the vertical worm gear. The method of claim 16 or 22, The case surface of the elevating member is connected to the vertical worm gear shaft and has a rotary dial attached to the instrument panel, so that the movement transmitted to the vertical worm gear shaft by the rotation of the motor can be visually checked by hand. Plant cultivation apparatus, characterized in that by rotating to adjust. The method of claim 13, Plant cultivation apparatus characterized in that the instrument needle is moved in accordance with the ascent and descending of the cultivation panel support, the instrument needle is instructed to the buoyancy meter member, so that the flow distance up and down the cultivation panel support can be visually confirmed. . The method of claim 1, The power control means is equipped with a timer plant cultivation apparatus, characterized in that the input time can be operated for a few seconds to several tens of seconds, a few minutes of 24 hours. A cultivation panel formed with a net to settle pots and pots of cultivated crops or flowers; A cultivation tank storing nutrient solution to supply nutrient solution to a cultivated crop supported by the cultivation panel; Height adjusting means accommodated in the cultivation tank, supporting the cultivation panel, and adjusting, supporting and fixing the nutrient solution water surface and the height of the cultivation crop stored in the cultivation tank; A power control means for automatically raising and lowering the crops by applying a current to the height adjusting means; The plant cultivation apparatus is characterized in that the cultivation tank is provided with a nutrient solution supply means for automatically supplying nutrient solution.

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