KR100830227B1 - Discharging hole for molten metal in molten metal container, method of operating converter with the discharging hole, and sleeve exchanging device at discharging hole of molten metal container - Google Patents

Abstract

As a problem, it is necessary to find a means for shortening the average discharge time of the molten metal in the molten metal container including the converter, in particular, the outlet of the molten metal using the sleeve refractory material. do. In order to solve this problem, the outlet consists of an upper sleeve 32 mounted on the lining refractory of the converter and a lower sleeve 33 detachably installed at the lower end thereof. It is assumed to be 60 to 98% of the internal area at the time of exchange.

Description

Discharging hole for molten metal in molten metal container, method of operating converter with the discharging hole, and sleeve exchanging device at discharging hole of molten metal container}

The present invention relates to an outlet for discharging molten metal from a molten metal container such as a converter, in particular an outlet made of replaceable sleeve refractory material, an operation method of a converter having the outlet and a sleeve type refractory exchanger. It is about.

When refining molten metal including molten steel, the hot molten metal is transferred to a refining furnace such as a converter by a transfer container such as a ladle, and the molten metal is transferred from the transfer container to be refined. After the refining is completed, the molten metal is discharged back to the transfer container and returned to the next step.

In this way, the treatment cycle of the refining furnace basically consists of three steps of introducing, refining and discharging the molten metal. As a representative example, the processing cycle time of the refining furnace is, for example, in the case of a steelmaking converter, about 5 minutes for introduction of molten iron (water), about 30 minutes for refining (flushing), discharge (leakage); The process takes about 7.5 minutes and requires about 42.5 minutes for all treatment cycles.

In this way, among all the treatment cycles of the steelmaking converter, the rate of attending time is about 12%, and the time of tapping is about 18%. This taking and leaving, that is, the introduction and discharge, is a process only for transporting molten metal, and the time required for transporting the molten metal is a generally used time that is not directly related to the basic function of the converter. . Therefore, in the refining process, shortening the time required for transporting the molten metal improves the operating efficiency of the converter, increases the annual refining throughput per converter, and improves productivity and further reduces costs. It leads.

By the way, in this refining process, in order to shorten the time required for introduction and discharge, not only the introduction and discharge time is shortened, but there are matters to be noted separately.

First, the introduction process of transferring the molten metal from the transfer container to the converter is to inject the molten metal into the converter by tilting the transfer container, which requires fine control such as flow control so as not to damage the converter lining refractory material. In addition, in the discharge step of transferring the molten metal from the converter to the transfer container, it is necessary to prevent a large amount of slag generated in the refining step from flowing into the transfer container. At the same time, it is necessary to discharge turbulent flow to the jet of molten metal at the time of outflow so as to absorb oxygen contained in the outside air so that the molten metal is not oxidized to significantly reduce the quality.

In this way, in order to easily cope with different management conditions during the introduction and discharge of the refining metal, there is a converter in which the inlet and the outlet of the molten metal are separately provided. In this converter, the inner diameter or the opening area of the outlet is limited so that the outlet flow is as laminar as possible while reducing the outflow of slag by the outlet.

In the case of the converter, the outlet port, which is an outlet port, is chemically and mechanically markedly damaged and worn by the rapid flow of hot molten steel, and the diameter of the outlet port gradually expands. If the opening area of the tapping hole is gradually enlarged, the discharge time is shortened by increasing the discharge flow rate.

However, when the opening area of the tapping hole is enlarged to a predetermined area, vortices are generated around the tapping hole by rapid flow, causing the slag on the surface of the molten steel to be rolled up, and a large amount of slag is discharged to the transfer container. Since this slag adversely affects the quality of the metal, it should be avoided that the slag is curled and the molten steel is temporarily discharged.

In other words, in the case where the refractory material of the tapping hole is melted for each tapping and the opening area is expanded, an upper limit of the opening area is provided, and when the opening area reaches the upper limit, or when the tapping time is increased to increase the opening area. It is shortened according to the relationship between the upper limit of the opening area and the tapping time. The lower limit of the tapping time is defined. When the tapping time reaches the lower limit, the tap is replaced with a new one. It is necessary to return to the original condition.

In addition, in order to prevent the slag from flowing out at the time of tapping, it is common that no molten steel, a valve which prevents slag flow, etc. are provided, and it is performed by adjusting the inclination movement of the converter itself, or the timing of rotation. In this way, the prevention of slag leakage during actual tapping is to incline or rotate the converter itself after detecting that the slag is curled into the molten steel, so that a certain amount of slag is not discharged to the molten steel transfer container. Can't.

The amount of slag discharged to this transfer container is almost proportional to the opening area of the tap opening, and also depends on the ability of the converter to incline or rotate. Therefore, in order to make the quantity of slag discharged to a conveyance container below a fixed amount, it is necessary to set the upper limit of the opening area of a tap-out port in consideration of the facility capability of a converter. In addition, the permissible upper limit value of the opening area of the tap hole for reducing the amount of slag below a certain amount also varies depending on the facility capacity of the converter.

In addition, when the opening area reaches the allowable upper limit depending on the melting loss of the tapping hole, it takes a long time to replace the tapping hole, during which the converter unavoidably stops operation, and the amount of refinement (production amount) decreases accordingly.

Thus, various measures have been taken to shorten the time for replacing the exit. For example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 5-195038) discloses a structure in which tapping holes are formed of replaceable sleeve type refractory materials, and the exchange time of tapping holes can be shortened by exchanging the sleeve type refractory materials. To promote In addition, it is disclosed that a material having a long life with little damage and abrasion against the outflow of the metal is selected so that the frequency of exchange of the sleeve refractory material is reduced.

In order to speed up the replacement of such a sleeve, for example, in the tundish disclosed in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-150108) or Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-open No. Hei 10-286658) At the time of replacing the nozzles, the adoption of the method of pushing the old nozzles out with the new nozzles was also considered.

However, in the conventional method of exchanging sleeve-type refractory materials, in order to further extend the life of the sleeve-type refractory material itself, the new tapping diameter is small in diameter corresponding to the longest allowable outflow time. It is designed to be thick. Usually, in the converter, the tap diameter (inner diameter) is designed so that the area of the new tap opening is about half of the upper limit of the outflow area, or the tapping time of the new tapping is about twice the lower limit of the outflow time.

For this reason, for example, the sleeve-type refractory material for use with 200 hits has a first tapping time of 10 minutes, but the tapping time is shortened to about 5 minutes at the end of use, that is, the sum of tapping times / sleeve type refractory material is used. The average attendance time expressed in the number of times is 7.5 minutes.

In this case, if the shortest descent time without mixing of slag in the converter is five minutes, waste of the descent time of 2.5 minutes / heat is generated.

Moreover, as for the time required for the exchange of a sleeve refractory body, 50 minutes-100 minutes are conventionally common, and require an average of 75 minutes. In addition, the sleeve type refractory life is 150-250 hits, and an average of 200 hits is a limit. In a typical steel mill, a typical 300-ton converter has a tap-to-tap of 40 minutes on average, refining about 12,000 hits per year. If the life of the sleeve-type refractory is 200 hits on average, the number of exchanges is 60 times / year, and when the average time required for exchange is 75 minutes / time, the annual downtime for the exchange is about 4,500 minutes, It even reaches 75 hours.

If the time required for the exchange of this sleeve-type refractory can be shortened to an average of 37.5 minutes in half, the annual downtime for the exchange will be about 2,250 minutes and 37.5 hours in half, so that the operation of the converter To increase production. In addition, if the service life of the sleeve-type refractory can be extended to twice the average of 400 hits, the number of exchanges is half of 30 times / year, and the annual consumption of exchanges when the time required for exchange is 75 minutes / times on average The downtime is equal to about half of 2,250 minutes and 37.5 hours, which can increase the operation of the converter and increase the output.

However, this sleeve-type refractory material is sintered firmly into converter lining refractories using amorphous refractory materials such as mortar, and inevitably undergoes an exchange operation under a high temperature, so there is a problem that it is very difficult to shorten the exchange time any more. .

Therefore, although applying the nozzle exchangers described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 to the replacement of the sleeves of the converter outlets is also considered, in the case of the converter, unlike in the case of tundish, the temperature of the molten steel is about 50 to 100 ° C or higher. Moreover, since it is operating continuously, the heat resistance of an apparatus becomes a problem. In particular, a spring for press-contacting the tundish nozzle, an oil cylinder for sliding the tundish nozzle in the horizontal direction, and the like deteriorate due to heat. It is also conceivable to attach a cooling device, but since the converter rotates, there is also a problem that the cooling device becomes complicated and large.

On the other hand, for example, Patent Document 4 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-38007), although it is a sliding nozzle device, uses a plate brick having a larger hole diameter than necessary to partially open and control the nozzle hole diameter, It is described that the average tapping time is shortened by always setting the optimum flow rate.

However, in the case of converters, unlike in the case of a sliding nozzle device of a ladle or tundish, since the temperature of molten steel is about 50-100 degreeC high, and the flow volume is 5-10 times more, damage of refractory material is large, and Since the life is short, it is necessary to frequently change the refractory, and conversely, there is a problem that the operation efficiency is lowered. Moreover, since flow control is performed by contraction of the nozzle hole of several plate bricks, the molten steel discharged | emitted becomes turbulent, and there also exists a problem of air being drawn into molten steel.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to find a means for shortening the average discharge time by the outlet of the molten metal in the molten metal container, including the converter, in particular the outlet of the molten metal using the sleeve-type refractory, thereby converting the converter, etc. To improve the operational efficiency of

Another object of the present invention is to provide a compact discharge port in which a molten metal container equipped with a sleeve type refractory serving as an outlet for molten metal can be exchanged more easily, and further excellent in heat resistance.

Still another object is to provide a sleeve exchanger that can simply exchange sleeve-like refractory materials in the discharge port.

The inventors of the present invention considered that the average discharge time can be shortened by initiating use in a state in which the hole cross-sectional area of a conventional sleeve-type refractory of a molten metal outlet is somewhat large from the beginning.

Since the service life is shortened by using a sleeve with a large internal cross-sectional area from the beginning, there is a problem of increasing the frequency of exchange. However, this problem is divided into two types of the sleeve-shaped refractory at the outlet in the vertical direction, and only the lower sleeve, that is, the lower sleeve is frequently replaced. Solved by. In other words, by dividing into two, the lower sleeve is made smaller and the handling time is reduced by making it easier to handle. Therefore, it was found that the advantage of shortening the average attendance time is much greater than the increase of the exchange time. In addition, since the service life of the upper sleeve is conversely long, the effect that the frequency of exchange of the upper sleeve becomes small is obtained.

Moreover, the elastic body for crimping the lower sleeve which has a problem with heat resistance was exchangeable every lower sleeve exchange by integrating with the lower sleeve, and improved heat resistance. Specifically, the lower sleeve was supported on a metal housing formed of a unit integral with the elastic body for pressing the lower sleeve.

The outlet of the molten metal in the molten metal container of the present invention is composed of an upper sleeve and a lower sleeve detachably provided at the lower end of the upper sleeve. The refractory body is formed of a refractory having an internal hole serving as an outlet of molten metal, and can be used in a state in which an integrally molded refractory or a plurality of refractory are combined. The upper sleeve is attached to the lining refractory material of the molten metal container, and is formed by having a high service life of about the same or longer life as the conventional sleeve type refractory material, which has a higher solvent resistance than the lower sleeve. do.

And the control of the flow rate of molten metal is performed by managing the inner pore area of the lower sleeve mainly designed to become an ideal molten metal discharge time within a narrow range. The exchange frequency is 2 to 50 times higher than that of the upper sleeve. The frequency of exchange depends on the time required for the exchange and the content and cost of the refractory to be used. When the exchange time is short and the cost of the refractory material is low, by increasing the exchange frequency, the average attendance time can be brought close to the ideal time. For this reason, the upper sleeve can also increase the solvent resistance more than before.

In the present invention, the internal pore area of the upper sleeve at the time of new installation and the internal pore area of the lower sleeve at the time of new installation are determined based on the internal pore area at the time of replacement after use of the lower sleeve. The internal pore area at the time of replacement after use of the lower sleeve is the internal pore area of the lower sleeve that is replaced by determining that the user has reached the end of life as the number of hits increases.

For example, in the case of a steelmaking converter, the lower limit of the tapping time is determined mainly because of the prevention of curling of the slag. When a predetermined tapping time is reached, a new lower sleeve is replaced. In addition, the service life of the lower sleeve may be determined not by tapping time but by slag rolling.

The internal pore area referred to in the present invention means the internal pore area of the portion that substantially regulates the flow velocity in the sleeve, and refers to the cross-sectional area of the narrowest part of the internal pore. In addition, there are cases where the internal hole is partially narrowed, such as a step in the inner hole or irregularities. In such a case, the inner hole cross-sectional area of the portion that substantially regulates the flow rate is used.

As for the internal pore area of the lower sleeve at the time of new installation in this invention, 60-98% of the internal pore area at the time of exchange after use is preferable, and 67-97% is more preferable. If the internal cross-sectional area is less than 60%, the time required for discharging the molten metal is long, and the effect of shortening the average discharging time is small. If it exceeds 98%, the frequency of replacement of the lower sleeve is too high, and it is necessary for the exchange. The ratio of waste of time to be made becomes large, and improvement of operation efficiency, such as a converter, cannot be expected. At the time of new installation here, it replaces with a new lower sleeve, ie, it is unused.

In order to control the flow rate mainly in the lower sleeve as described above, the effect of the present invention can be obtained even if the upper sleeve is not particularly restricted with respect to the internal pore area. That is, since the number of times of use of the upper sleeve can be increased drastically, for example, even if the inner sectional area at the time of new installation is smaller than the inner sectional area of the lower sleeve at the time of new installation, the effect of controlling the flow rate of the lower sleeve is increased when the number of times of use is increased. Because it comes out. However, in order to make the effect of this invention larger, it is more preferable that the internal void area of the upper sleeve at the time of new installation is 85 to 200% of the internal void area of the lower sleeve after use specifically ,. If it is less than 85%, the discharge time of molten metal becomes too long, and if it exceeds 200%, it is inconvenient in handling. More preferably, when the internal pore area of the lower sleeve at the time of new installation is always used smaller than the internal pore area of the upper sleeve, it is possible to shorten the average tapping time.

In the present invention, the lower sleeve is supported on the upper sleeve by the reaction force when the elastic body is compressed by supporting the metal housing with the rail of the support portion fixed to the molten metal container, and moving along the longitudinal direction of the rail to the upper sleeve. I can make it removable. Moreover, the inclined surface which relieves compression of an elastic body can be provided in the front end and the rear end of the rail in the longitudinal direction. In addition, in order to detachably attach the lower sleeve to the lower surface of the upper sleeve, it is more preferable that the lower end of the upper sleeve protrudes slightly from the outer surface of the molten metal container.

The sleeve changing device of the present invention for replacing the lower sleeve includes a new sleeve support for supporting a new lower sleeve, a string sleeve receiving portion for receiving a lower sleeve supported on a rail and pressed onto the upper sleeve, and an old one after replacement. It is provided with a line of bead support for supporting the lower sleeve, and an actuator for pushing the new lower sleeve supported on the new sleeve support toward the string sleeve receiving portion. Then, the actuator pushes the new lower sleeve into the string sleeve receiving portion so that the new lower sleeve is supported by the rail and pressed into the upper sleeve, and the old lower sleeve that was pressed into the upper sleeve is pushed into the bead support.

The sleeve exchanger is provided with a guide rod which is supported by the manipulator to be movable and can be inserted into a guide horn provided on the molten metal container side, and when the lower sleeve is replaced, the guide rod is guided by operation of the manipulator. It can be inserted into and positioned.

The discharge time of the molten metal in the molten metal container can be shortened in the absence of curling of slag or the like, and the operation efficiency of the molten metal container can be greatly improved by efficiently changing the outlet.

In addition, when the elastic body for lower sleeve pressing, which has a problem of heat resistance, is integrated with the lower sleeve, the elastic body can be exchanged for each lower sleeve exchange, and the heat resistance of the entire discharge port is improved.

1 shows, in cross section, an outline of an outlet of a molten metal of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows an exchange state of the lower sleeve shown in FIG. 1.

3 shows an aspect of exchange of a lower sleeve using an outlet of molten metal of the present invention.

4 shows the outlet of the molten metal as a comparative example.

5 shows an aspect of the replacement of the lower sleeve in the case of the comparative example.

Figure 6 shows another embodiment of the outlet and the sleeve exchange device of the molten metal of the present invention.

FIG. 7 shows the upper side of the outlet of FIG. 6.

FIG. 8: shows the lower sleeve, (a) is a top view, (b) is A-A cross section figure of (a), (c) is B-B cross section figure of (a).

9 shows the main part of the upper sleeve.

10 illustrates a state in which the lower sleeve is pressed onto the upper sleeve.

11 shows the operation of replacing the lower sleeve by the sleeve changing device, (a) is a plan view, and (b) is a side view.

12 shows the tips of lower sleeve replacement.

<Description of the code>

1 converter

2 upper sleeve

2a splice

2b parallel plane

2c nozzle ball

3 lower sleeve

3´ new lower sleeve

3˝ old bottom sleeve

3a splice

3b parallel plane

3c nozzle ball

4 metal housings

4a outer metal frame

4b inner metal frame

5 elastomer

6 Guide turning

7 guide pin

8 cooling horn (outdoor inlet)

9 Sleeve Fixation

9a sleeve presser

10 metal housing

10a outer metal frame

10b inner metal frame

11 base plate

12 pin

13 Sleeve Fixation

14 support

14a rail

14b slope

15 Sleeve changer

16 New Sleeve Support

16a guide rail

17 string sleeve accommodation

18 Beaded Supports

18a guide rail

19 boards

20 actuator

21 guide horn

22 Guide rod

23 moving cart

24 Manipulator

25 track rail

26 liner

31 exits

32 upper sleeve

33 lower sleeve

34, 38 tubular refractory

35, 39 plate-shaped refractory

36 Exterior of the Converter

37 Bricks

40 Lower Sleeve Changer

41 new lower sleeve

51 Sleeve Type Refractory

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the Example of this invention is described based on the Example which applied this invention to the exit of the steelmaking converter.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing the exit of the converter according to the present invention in a state in which the converter is inclined so that the central axis of the exit 31 is vertical. The tap opening 31 is comprised from the upper sleeve 32 attached to the lining refractory body of the converter, and the lower sleeve 33 detachably attached to the lower end part, and shows the state before use, respectively with the new article installed. .

The upper sleeve 32 is composed of a plate-shaped refractory material 35 having a cylindrical refractory material 34 and a nozzle hole provided at the lower end thereof, and a lower end part thereof protrudes from the outer surface 36 of the converter and has an introduction brick 37. The mortar is fixed with mortar. The lower sleeve 33 is composed of a plate-shaped refractory material 39 having a cylindrical refractory material 38 and a nozzle hole provided at an upper end thereof, and is supported by a lower sleeve exchanger 40 provided at a lower end of the upper sleeve. The upper face of the lower sleeve is pressed against the lower face of the upper sleeve. The lower sleeve exchanger 40 is fixed to the shell of the converter and is supported by pushing the lower sleeve in the direction of the upper sleeve by an elastic body (not shown). When the use is repeated in this state, the inner diameter of the lower sleeve is gradually increased to reach the service limit. In this case, the internal pore area of the upper sleeve at the time of new installation is designed to be 88% of the internal pore area of the lower sleeve at the time of replacement after use.

The lower sleeve 33 which has become the usage limit is replaced with a new lower sleeve 41 as shown in FIG. 2. The exchange apparatus for this uses the immersion nozzle exchange apparatus disclosed by Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2002-346705. That is, the old lower sleeve 33 can be pushed out horizontally by the new lower sleeve 41 by a drive device such as a hydraulic cylinder, and the structure can be replaced with the new lower sleeve 41. Specifically, the exchange device includes a support metal frame provided on the side of the converter to accommodate the upper sleeve, a spring portion (not shown) provided so as to face each other with the upper sleeve having a sliding surface therebetween, and the spring portion. A plurality of keys (not shown) coupled to and elastically biased in the upward direction and a guide rail are provided. In addition, the pusher and drive source for pressing the new lower sleeve are attached to and detached from the converter without being installed in the converter.

Table 1 and FIG. 3 show the operating mode of the converter using the tap hole with the sleeve shown in FIG. 1.

The internal pore area at the time of replacement of the used lower sleeve after use was calculated from the average value after measuring the internal pore area of the four lower sleeves after use, and was 707 cm 2 (inner diameter 300 mm). It was made into 100% as cross section. The internal void area of the upper sleeve at the time of new installation was the same as the internal void area after use of the lower sleeve. The internal pore area of the lower sleeve at the time of new installation was 88% of the internal pore area after use of the lower sleeve. The number of taps was used 200 times. Average attendance time represents an average value of 200 times. The length of the upper sleeve was 700 mm and the length of the lower sleeve was 300 mm. The material of the sleeve is a magnesia carbon material in both the Examples and Comparative Examples.

Fig. 4 is a conventional example as Comparative Example 1, which is integrally molded in the converter as in the present invention, and shows an example in which one sleeve type refractory material 51 has a substantially constant pore area. This sleeve-type refractory material was used 200 times, and the internal pore area at the time of replacement after use was 707 cm 2 (inner diameter 300 mm), and the initial pore area was 50% after use.

As shown in Fig. 5, the tapping time of Comparative Example 1 is long, since the internal pore area is small at 50%, the length is 10 minutes, and the tapping time is gradually shortened as the number of times of use increases. As a result, the average descent time is 7.5 minutes. On the other hand, in the case of Example 1, as shown in FIG. 3, since the internal pore area of the first lower sleeve is large at 88% as compared with Comparative Example 1, the initial tapping time is also short as 6.25 minutes. For this reason, an average outgoing time becomes 5.63 minutes and becomes 1.87 minutes short compared with the comparative example 1, as shown in Table 1. However, the lower sleeve must be changed every 50 hits, with an average exchange time of 20 minutes. Therefore, during 200 hits, four exchanges, that is, 80 minutes in total, are required. Therefore, in the case of going to the 200 times in this converter, reduction of 1.87 minutes / time x 200 times-80 minutes = 294 minutes is obtained as an improvement in operating efficiency.

Therefore, in this converter, 12,000 hits per year are operated, so the reduction time is 294 hours per year. Refining at this time results in an increase in production of 442.5 hits / year and 132,750 tons / year.

Moreover, based on the result of this Example, the result computed about the improvement of the annual operating efficiency at the time of changing the internal pore area of the lower sleeve at the time of a new installation, and the exchange time of a lower sleeve is shown in Table 2.

In this calculation, it was assumed that the transfer course would take 12000 lessons per year. The life of the lower sleeve was calculated at the same damage and wear rate as in the case of Example 1. As can be seen from this table, it is understood that the improvement of the operation efficiency is larger as the replacement time of the lower sleeve is shorter, and when the replacement time is 5 minutes, all of Examples 2 to 6 and Comparative Example 1 are improved. Although it is effective, when the replacement time is 10 minutes, it can be seen that the effect is not obtained in the region of 98% or more of the internal pore area of the lower sleeve after use. From this result, more preferably, considering the allowance for the replacement time, it can be seen that the internal pore area of the lower sleeve during the new installation is 97 to 67%. When the replacement time of the lower sleeve is 20 minutes, it can be sufficiently realized by using a method of fixing the lower nozzle or the like with a conventional continuous casting nozzle such as a bayonet or a bolt tightening.

Fig. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing another embodiment of the outlet and the sleeve exchange device of the molten metal of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing the upper side of the outlet of Fig. 6.

The molten metal discharge port shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 has an upper sleeve 2 attached to the lining refractory on the converter 1 side, and a lower sleeve 3 detachably attached to the distal end of the upper sleeve 2. . The converter shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 is near the exit of the converter and is a part of the converter.

8 is a view showing the lower sleeve 3, (a) is a plan view, (b) is an A-A cross-sectional view of (a), and (c) is a B-B cross-sectional view of (a). As shown in FIG. 8, the lower sleeve 3 is integrally attached to the metal housing 4 which consists of the outer side metal frame 4a and the inner side metal frame 4b. In addition, as shown in Fig. 8C, an elastic body 5 made of a coil spring is mounted between the outer metal frame 4a and the inner metal frame 4b, and the outer metal frame 4a is The inner metal frame 4b is accommodated so as to be movable in the vertical direction via the elastic body 5. Specifically, the elastic body 5 is attached to the guide protrusion 6 provided to protrude to the lower part of the inner metal frame 4b, and is supported so that it may not shift in a horizontal direction, and the up-down direction of the inner metal frame 4b is carried out. The movement is guided by the guide pin 7 shown in Fig. 8B. The guide protrusion 6 is set to the length which does not touch the outer metal frame 4a, even if the elastic body 5 shrink | contracts in the range of curvature. A total of 10 elastic bodies are provided concentrically. Moreover, the cooling horn 8 is provided in the outer side metal frame 4a as an outside air inlet for introducing and cooling outside air to the elastic body 5 part.

The inner side metal frame 4b supports the lower sleeve 3 by the sleeve fixing part 9 provided in the side part. The sleeve fixing part 9 consists of a screw mechanism which has a sleeve presser 9a at the front end, advances the sleeve presser 9a by a screw mechanism, and pushes it to the side surface of the lower sleeve 3, and has a lower sleeve ( 3) is fixed to the inner metal frame 4b.

The lower sleeve 3 is made of a refractory material, and a joining surface 3a with the upper sleeve 2 is formed on the upper surface thereof. The joining surface 3a is substantially circular, and has two parallel surfaces 3b parallel to a side surface. This parallel surface 3b is formed in the direction orthogonal to the moving direction at the time of lower sleeve replacement mentioned later, and the length of the parallel surface 3b is the diameter of the nozzle hole 3c provided in the center of the bonding surface 3a. It is bigger than. By making the length of the parallel surface 3b larger than the diameter of the nozzle hole 3c, the lower sleeve 3 is suppressed from being damaged by the pushing force at the time of exchange. When the joint surface 3a is made completely circular without providing the parallel surface 3b in the joint surface 3a, the joint surface 3a is point-contacted in the moving direction at the time of exchange | exchange with the inner side metal frame 4b. As a result, the stress is concentrated and easily broken. Moreover, when the length of the parallel surface 3b is shorter than the diameter of the nozzle hole 3c, when the crack which originated in this parallel surface 3b arises, it will pass easily through the nozzle hole 3c.

In the present embodiment, the lower sleeve 3 is formed as an integrated body, but for example, an upper surface portion including the joining surface 3a and a lower cylindrical portion may be manufactured separately from each other and then joined. In addition, when the outer surface is covered with a metal case, a damage suppression effect is also obtained.

9 is a sectional view of an essential part showing the upper sleeve 2. As shown in FIG. 9, the upper sleeve 2 is integrally attached to the metal housing 10 which consists of the outer side metal frame 10a and the inner side metal frame 10b. The outer metal frame 10a is fixed to the base plate 11 fixed to the converter 1 side, and the inner metal frame 10b is slightly up and down with respect to the outer metal frame 10a by the pin 12. It is mounted to be movable. Moreover, the inner side metal frame 10b supports the upper sleeve 2 by the sleeve fixing part 13 provided in the side part. Since the sleeve fixing part 13 has the same structure as the sleeve fixing part 9 for fixing the lower sleeve 2 mentioned above, description is abbreviate | omitted.

The upper sleeve 2 is made of a refractory material like the lower sleeve 3, and a joining surface 2a with the lower sleeve 3 is formed on the lower surface thereof. As shown in FIG. 7, the joining surface 2a is substantially circular and has two parallel surfaces 2b parallel to a side surface. This parallel surface 2b is formed in the direction orthogonal to the moving direction at the time of replacing the lower sleeve described later, and the length of the parallel surface 2b is larger than the diameter of the nozzle hole 2c provided at the center of the joint surface 2a. It is large.

In addition, the upper sleeve 2 is supported by filling the amorphous refractory between the lining refractory of the converter 1.

FIG. 10: is sectional drawing of the principal part which shows the state which crimped the lower sleeve 3 to the lower surface of the upper sleeve 2. FIG. The lower sleeve 3 is supported by the rail 14a of the pair of support parts 14 fixed to the base plate 11. In this state, the outer metal frame 4a of the metal housing 4 supporting the lower sleeve 3 is pushed upward to compress the elastic body 5. Then, the inner metal frame 4b is pushed up together with the lower sleeve 3 by the reaction force of the elastic body 5, so that the joining surface 3a of the lower sleeve 3 is joined to the joining surface 2a of the upper sleeve 2. It is firmly compressed in).

Moreover, the metal housing 4 which supports the lower sleeve 3 is slidable along the longitudinal direction of the rail 14a, and the metal housing 4 (lower sleeve 3) is made to extend in the longitudinal direction of the rail 14a. By sliding along this, the lower sleeve 3 can be replaced. In the embodiment, the liner 26 is provided on the lower surface of the outer metal frame 4a and the surface of the rail 14a of the metal housing 4, respectively, to facilitate slide movement and to improve wear resistance.

Moreover, the rail 14a has the inclined surface 14b in the both ends of a longitudinal direction, as shown in FIG. Since the inclined surface 14b is inclined downward, when the metal housing 4 (lower sleeve 3) is slid along the longitudinal direction of the rail 14a, the inclined surface 14b at both ends is made of metal. Since the amount of pushing up of the outer metal frame 4a of the housing 4 becomes small, the compression of the elastic body 5 is alleviated and the pressing force to the upper sleeve 2 of the lower sleeve 3 becomes small. Thereby, the lower sleeve 3 can be replaced smoothly.

Next, the sleeve exchanger of this invention is demonstrated.

As shown in FIG. 6, the sleeve changer 15 accommodates a new sleeve support 16 for supporting a new lower sleeve and a lower sleeve 3 that is pressed against the upper sleeve when the sleeve is replaced. The part 17 and the bead support part 18 which support the old lower sleeve after replacement | exchange are provided on the board | substrate 19 in a line. The new sleeve support 16 and the bead support 18 have guide rails 16a and 18a for slidably supporting the metal housings of the new lower sleeve and the old lower sleeve, respectively. Moreover, the actuator 20 which consists of an oil cylinder is provided in the new sleeve support part 16 side.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a pair of positioning guide horns 21 for positioning are provided on the base plate on the converter 1 side so that the center of the nozzle hole 2c is the center of the diagonal line. The board | substrate 19 of the sleeve exchanger 15 is provided with the pair of guide rod 22 in the position corresponding to the guide horn 21. As shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, the operation of replacing the lower sleeve by the sleeve changing device 15 will be described.

FIG. 11: is a figure which shows the operation | movement operation | movement procedure of the lower sleeve by the sleeve exchanger 15, (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view. 12 is sectional drawing of the principal part at the time of lower sleeve replacement.

In the replacement of the lower sleeve, the new sleeve sleeve 16 of the sleeve changer 15 is supported by sliding the new lower sleeve 3 'into the guide rail 16a (see Fig. 12). Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the sleeve changer 15 is supported by the manipulator 24 on the movable trolley 23, and the sleeve exchanger 23 is advanced by advancing the movable trolley 23 along the track rail 25. As shown in FIG. Move (15) to converter (1). And the guide horn which installed the guide rod 22 of the sleeve changer 15 in the converter 1 side while operating the manipulator 24 and adjusting the position of the sleeve changer 15 in the up-down, left-right direction. It inserts into 21, and the sleeve exchanger 15 positions.

The subsequent procedure will be described with reference to FIG. 12. The new lower sleeve 3 'supported by the new sleeve support 16 is stringed by advancing (extending) the actuator 20 of the sleeve changing device 15. Push toward the receiving portion (17). According to this operation, a new lower sleeve 3 'is mounted on the rail 14a and squeezed to the upper sleeve 2, as shown in FIG. 10, and the old lower sleeve 3' which has been pressed to the upper sleeve ( 12 is pushed to the bead support 18, and slides and is supported on the guide rail 18a. In this way, the replacement of the lower sleeve is completed.

When the outlet structure of the present embodiment was applied to the actual converter and the replacement was performed in the sleeve exchanger, the replacement could be completed within 5 minutes.

The present invention can be applied not only to steelmaking converters, but also to nonferrous refining converters and other inclined moving furnaces.

Claims (14)

Molten metal in the molten metal container consists of an upper sleeve and a lower sleeve detachably installed at the lower end of the upper sleeve, and the internal void area of the lower sleeve during new installation is 60 to 98% of the internal void area upon replacement after use. Outlet. The method of claim 1, The upper sleeve is an outlet for molten metal in a molten metal container in which the void area at the time of new installation is 85 to 200% of the void area of the lower sleeve at the time of replacement after use. The method of claim 1, The upper sleeve is an outlet of molten metal in the molten metal container, the lower end of which protrudes from the outer surface of the molten metal container. The upper sleeve and the lower sleeve detachably attached to the lower end of the upper sleeve, wherein the lower sleeve is engaged with an elastic body for pressing the lower sleeve onto the upper sleeve and is formed of a unitary unit with the elastic body. It is supported by the housing, and the lower sleeve is pressed against the upper sleeve by reaction force when the elastic body is compressed by supporting the metal housing with the rail of the support part fixed to the molten metal container, and moving along the longitudinal direction of the rail. The outlet of the molten metal in the molten metal container which can be attached to and detached from the upper sleeve. The method of claim 4, wherein An outlet for molten metal in a molten metal container, the metal housing having an outside air inlet for introducing outside air into the elastic body. The method of claim 4, wherein And a discharge port of the molten metal in the molten metal container in which the rail has an inclined surface to relax the compression of the elastic body at the front and rear ends thereof. The method of claim 4, wherein The joining surface of the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve has a substantially circular shape, and the nozzle hole of the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve is provided at the center of the joining surface, and the outer surface of the joining surface is perpendicular to the moving direction at the time of detachment of the lower sleeve. A molten metal outlet in the molten metal container having a parallel surface longer than the nozzle hole in the direction. The method of claim 4, wherein The outlet area of the molten metal in the molten metal container is 60-98% of the end point of the lower sleeve at the time of replacement after use. The method of claim 8, The upper sleeve is an outlet for molten metal in a molten metal container in which the void area at the time of new installation is 85 to 200% of the void area of the lower sleeve at the time of replacement after use. The method of claim 8, The upper sleeve is an outlet of molten metal in the molten metal container, the lower end of which protrudes from the outer surface of the molten metal container. A sleeve exchange device of a molten metal container outlet for exchanging a lower sleeve at an outlet of molten metal in a molten metal container according to claim 4, A new sleeve support for supporting the new lower sleeve, a string sleeve receiving portion for receiving the lower sleeve supported on the rail and pressed onto the upper sleeve, and a bead rib support for supporting the old lower sleeve after replacement; At the same time, there is an actuator for pushing a new lower sleeve supported on the new sleeve support toward the string sleeve receiving portion, wherein the actuator pushes the new lower sleeve to the string sleeve receiving portion so that the new lower sleeve is supported on the rail and is attached to the upper sleeve. A sleeve exchange device of a molten metal container outlet, wherein the old lower sleeve, which has been compressed and pressed into the upper sleeve, is pushed and supported by the bead support. The method of claim 11, Molten metal supported by the manipulator and movable and provided with a guide rod mounted on the side of the molten metal container, and when the lower sleeve is replaced, the guide rod is inserted into the guide horn and positioned by manipulator operation. Sleeve changer at the vessel outlet. A method of operating a converter having an outlet of molten metal consisting of an upper sleeve and a lower sleeve detachably attached to a lower end of the upper sleeve, The internal void area of the lower sleeve of the new installation is 60-98% of the internal void area of the lower sleeve during replacement after use, Further, during operation of the converter, the operating method of the converter is to maintain the internal end area of the lower sleeve always below the internal end area of the upper sleeve. The method of claim 13, A method of operating a converter in which the air gap area of the upper sleeve when the lower sleeve is replaced is maintained at 85 to 200% of the air gap area of the lower sleeve at the time of replacement after use.

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