KR100787074B1 - Apparatus of biogas production for organic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for generating bio-gas from organic waste is provided to allow the organic waste to make contact with anaerobic microorganisms easily by adjusting the size of organic waste containing a large amount of solids, prevent wastewater from being generated in an organic waste treatment process, and improve anaerobic digestion efficiency by supplying high concentration microorganisms cultured in the organic waste treatment process into a dry anaerobic digestion tank. An apparatus for generating bio-gas from organic waste comprises: a crushing tank(10) in which organic waste is crushed; a screen equipment(20) for screening organic waste discharged from the crushing tank; a pre-treatment equipment(30) that is connected to the screen equipment, and includes a steam feeder(35); a mixing tank(40) for mixing microorganisms with organic waste that has flown into the mixing tank from the pre-treatment equipment; a dry anaerobic digestion tank(50) that is connected to the mixing tank, and includes an agitation equipment(55) and a microorganism feeder(85); a solid-liquid separator(70) for separating solids and liquid from organic waste discharged from the dry anaerobic digestion tank; a microorganism culture tank(80) for culturing liquid phase organic waste separated from the solid-liquid separator; and a bio-gas storage tank(90) for storing bio-gas generated from the dry anaerobic digestion tank. The microorganism culture tank is connected with the microorganism feeder through connecting pipe(86).

Description

Apparatus of biogas production for organic waste.

The present invention relates to a biogas generating apparatus for organic wastes, and more particularly, to convert organic wastes having high solids content of 15-20% or more and low water content of 80-85% or less so that anaerobic microorganisms are easily decomposed. The present invention relates to an apparatus for generating biogas generated by reacting with anaerobic microorganisms, and supplying microorganisms having high methane generating activity into a dry anaerobic digester to improve biogas generation from organic waste.

Recently, with the increase of organic waste such as food waste and sewage sludge, the necessity of proper management of organic waste is emerging. Especially. In order to prevent sewage sludge, food waste, livestock manure, and organic municipal solid waste direct landfilling, a multilateral treatment system for recycling these materials will be established in order to prepare for the suppression of marine discharges. It is necessary.

In addition, in Korea, where energy is highly dependent on foreign countries, development of modern anaerobic digestion systems for energy generation and utilization of various types of waste organic resources is needed to increase the self-sufficiency of resources and to actively respond to the regulations of various international environmental conventions. There is a great demand.

The research and development of biogas generation treatment system using organic waste began in 1990 with the development of alternative energy. After that, high rate anaerobic treatment process for converting food industry wastewater generated from industrial process into energy began to be developed. Is completed. However, most of these are soluble wastewaters with low solids, which are well suited for high rate anaerobic treatment. Since then, the development of modern high-rate anaerobic treatment process for treating sewage sludge, livestock manure, and food waste with high solid content by anaerobic process has been in full swing, and it has been successfully applied to anaerobic treatment of some organic waste such as livestock manure. The full scale processing system is operating.

However, livestock manure, sewage sludge, and food waste are basically composed of organic waste with high solids content. In order to produce methane gas with high efficiency such as installation of hydrolysis tank (acid generator) for dissolving the separated liquid, pretreatment facilities are needed.

As described above, the anaerobic digestion treatment is a suitable technique for energy recovery in organic wastewater and waste, and the treatment speed is improved and the recovery rate of biogas is increased due to the advance of digestion treatment technology and the introduction of pretreatment methods. That's not up to expectations.

In order to solve such a problem, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0311987 (combining treatment system of food waste and sewage sludge) has published a system for anaerobic digestion of food waste and sewage sludge to merge treatment.

However, the system for anaerobic digestion of food waste and sewage sludge has problems that acid fermentation bacteria and organic acids are mixed with each other, making it difficult to separate solid-liquid and waste having high solid content.

In addition, organic wastes are not dissolved dissolved materials that are easily decomposed and solidified, and thus, there is a problem that a very long residence time of 10 days or more is usually required for treatment by anaerobic digestion.

In order to overcome the above problems, a device for recovering biogas by treating particulate biodegradable organic waste in Korea Patent Registration No. 10-0521866 (a method and apparatus for treating particulate biodegradable organic waste) has been published.

However, the method and apparatus for treating organic waste is a method of solubilizing and treating organic waste under high temperature and high pressure conditions, and the operation of the anaerobic digester consists of a wet treatment system having a high moisture content, which requires a lot of energy in the pretreatment process. There is a problem in that a separate facility for treating wastewater generated during anaerobic digestion is required.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a biogas generating apparatus of organic wastes to facilitate the contact with anaerobic microorganisms by adjusting the size of the organic wastes containing a large amount of solids It is.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a biogas generating apparatus for organic waste in which waste water is not generated in the treatment of organic waste.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a biogas generating apparatus for organic wastes having improved anaerobic digestion efficiency by supplying a high concentration of microorganisms cultured in a process of treating organic wastes to a dry anaerobic treatment tank.

Biogas generation apparatus of an organic waste according to the present invention for achieving the above object includes a crushing tank in which the organic waste is crushed; A screen device for filtering the organic waste discharged from the crushing tank; A pretreatment device connected to the screen device and provided with a steam supply device; A mixing tank in which organic waste and microorganisms introduced from the pretreatment apparatus are mixed; A dry anaerobic digester connected to the mixing tank and provided with a stirring device and a microorganism supply device; A solid-liquid separator for solid-liquid separation of organic waste discharged from the dry anaerobic digester; A microbial culture tank in which a liquid organic waste separated from the solid-liquid separator is cultured; And a biogas storage tank in which biogas generated from the dry anaerobic digestion tank is stored.

Here, the microorganism culture tank and the microorganism supply device is characterized in that connected through a connecting pipe.

In addition, the dry anaerobic digester is provided with a digestion efficiency control device, characterized in that a predetermined amount of organic waste is returned to the mixing tank through the digestion efficiency control device.

In addition, the pretreatment device is characterized in that the cooling device is provided.

In addition, the screen device is characterized in that the vibration device is further provided.

As described above, according to the present invention, by converting the organic waste so that anaerobic microorganisms are easily decomposed through crushing and pretreatment, the processing time of the anaerobic digestion process is shortened, and the conventional wet anaerobic digestion tank is processed by treating the organic waste having a high solid concentration. Compared to this, the size of the anaerobic digester is reduced, which makes it possible to miniaturize the equipment.

In addition, as the size of the anaerobic digester is reduced, the amount of heat required for heating the anaerobic digester is saved, so that the effective utilization of the biogas generated from the organic waste can be expanded.

In addition, by reducing the processing time of the organic waste, it is possible to miniaturize and simplify the installation, thereby minimizing the installation site area, there is a unique effect that the cost is reduced.

In addition, wastewater does not occur during the treatment of organic wastes, so there is a unique effect that wastewater treatment facilities are not required.

Hereinafter, a biogas generating apparatus for organic waste according to the present invention having the configuration as described above will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a view showing a biogas generating apparatus of an organic waste according to the present invention, as shown, the biogas generating apparatus of an organic waste according to the present invention is a shredding device 10 to which the organic waste is first introduced, and the A screen device 20 connected to the crushing device 10 to distinguish organic waste crushed from the crushing device 10 according to a particle size, and connected to the screen device 20 and introduced from the screen device 20. Pretreatment device 30 for treating the organic waste by the high temperature steam, and the mixing tank 40 is connected to the pretreatment device 30, the slurry conveyed from the digestion efficiency control device 60 and the pretreated organic waste is mixed. ), And connected to a dry anaerobic digester 50 for producing biogas from the mixed slurry introduced from the mixing tank 40 and the dry anaerobic digester 50, wherein the dry anaerobic It is connected to the extinguishing efficiency control device 60 and the extinguishing efficiency control device 60 for adjusting the extinguishing efficiency of the sex digester 50 and the solid-liquid separation amount of the slurry discharged from the dry anaerobic digester 50, The solid-liquid separator 70 for solid-liquid separation of the slurry flowing out of the dry anaerobic digester 50 and the solid-liquid separator 70 are connected, using the liquid component separated from the solid-liquid separator 70 It is composed of a microbial culture tank 80 for culturing anaerobic microorganisms, and a biogas storage tank 90 connected to the digester 50 and using the biogas generated in the digester 50 for storage, purification and power generation.

Here, the pretreatment device 30 is heated by the steam supply device 35 and the steam supply device 35 to convert the organic waste filled in the pretreatment device 30 into a form that anaerobic microorganisms are easily decomposed. A cooling device 36 for cooling the organic waste is provided.

In addition, the dry anaerobic digestion tank 50 is provided with a stirring device 55 to stir the organic waste introduced from the mixing tank 40 and the anaerobic microorganisms in proper contact.

In addition, the dry anaerobic digester 50 is provided with a plurality of microbial supply device 85 for supplying microorganisms cultured in the microbial culture tank (80).

Looking at the processing of the organic waste of the biogas generating apparatus of the organic waste and the biogas generated as described above, first, the organic waste containing a high concentration of solids is introduced into the crusher (10). The shredding device 10 is to crush the organic waste containing a high concentration of solids finely to facilitate contact with microorganisms, the organic waste introduced into the shredding device is shredded to have a particle size of 50mm or less.

At this time, the size of the organic waste is suitable to shred the particle size of 50mm or less, but in order to obtain more excellent efficiency, it is preferable to shred the 10mm or less.

The organic waste shredded by the shredding device 10 is moved to the screen device 20 connected to the shredding device 10. The screen device 20 is a device for sorting shredded organic waste, passing organic waste shredded to a particle size of less than 10mm, organic waste having a particle size of 10mm or more is returned to the shredding device 10 to perform the shredding process again. It is a device to go through. At this time, the screen device 20 is preferably provided with a vibrating device 21 for vibrating the screen so that the crushed organic waste easily passes through the screen.

The organic waste that has passed through the screen device 20 is moved to a pretreatment device 30 connected to the screen device 20, wherein the pretreatment device 30 passes the organic waste that has passed through the screen device 20 to anaerobic microorganisms. As a device for converting into a material that is easy to decompose by, a steam supply device 35 for supplying steam generated in the biogas storage tank 90 of the rear end is provided, the high temperature supplied from the steam supply device 35 The organic waste is converted into a substance that is easily decomposed by anaerobic microorganisms by steam. At this time, the temperature of the pretreatment device 30 is suitable to be adjusted to 80 ℃ or more, in order to obtain more excellent efficiency it is preferable to maintain at 120 ℃ or more. In addition, the treatment of the organic waste using steam in the pretreatment device 30 is suitable to process more than 30 minutes, it is preferable to maintain a treatment time of about 60 minutes in order to obtain more excellent efficiency.

In addition, the organic waste treated in the pretreatment device 30 is supplied to the mixing tank 40 connected to the pretreatment device 30, in which the pretreatment device 30 to lower the temperature rise in the pretreatment device 30 ), A cooling device 37 is provided, and the temperature of the pretreated organic waste is cooled below 70 ° C.

In the mixing tank 40 in which the organic waste is moved from the pretreatment device 30, the treated organic waste moved in the pretreatment tank 30 and the slurry returned from the dry anaerobic digestion tank 50 are mixed. Mixing tank 40 is preferably provided with a device for blocking the inflow of air so that oxygen in the air is not mixed.

The organic waste and the half-damaged slurry mixed in the mixing tank 40 are transferred to the dry anaerobic digester 50 at the rear end, and the dry anaerobic digester 50 has a dry biogas to smoothly produce biogas by anaerobic microorganisms. Agitator 55 is provided to stir the anaerobic digestion tank, wherein the agitator 55 slowly agitates the organic waste and slurry supplied to the dry anaerobic digester from the inlet to the outlet for at least 30 days. It stays in the digester 50 and serves to transport.

In addition, the dry anaerobic digestion tank 50 is provided with a microorganism supply device 85 for supplying anaerobic microorganisms cultured in the microorganism culture tank 80 to the digester. At this time, the microorganism supply device 85 is preferably provided with a plurality so that the anaerobic microorganisms evenly distributed in the dry anaerobic digestion tank (50).

In addition, the biogas generated in the dry anaerobic digester 50 is transferred to a biogas storage tank 90 connected to the dry anaerobic digester 50 and used for storage, purification and power generation.

The slurry in the dry anaerobic digester is moved to the digestion efficiency control device 60 which distributes the slurry to the mixing tank 40 and the solid-liquid separator 70 of the rear stage in order to improve the digestion efficiency in the dry anaerobic digester 50. . At this time, the amount of slurry transferred from the extinguishing efficiency control device 60 to the mixing tank 40 is preferably at least two times the amount of organic waste introduced into the mixing tank 40, but to improve efficiency. In order to adjust to about 5 to 10 times is preferable.

In addition, it is connected to the digestion efficiency control device 60, it is moved to the solid-liquid separator 70 for separating the slurry in the dry anaerobic digestion tank 50 into a solid and a liquid component. In the solid-liquid separator 70, it is preferable to add a polymer flocculant in order to separate solids and liquid components more efficiently.

Connected to the solid-liquid separator 70, the liquid component separated in the solid-liquid separator 70 is moved to the microbial culture tank 80 to culture anaerobic microorganisms. In the microbial culture tank (80), anaerobic microorganisms are cultured to improve the efficiency of the dry anaerobic digester (50), and various microelements are added as active aids of microorganisms to improve biogas production efficiency of the microorganisms. In order to improve the activity, it is preferable to add alkalinity, Ni, Co, and Mo.

The biogas storage tank 90 preferably includes biogas storage, purification and power generation facilities.

The terms or words used in this specification and claims are not to be construed as limiting in their usual or dictionary meanings, and the inventors may appropriately define the concept of terms in order to best explain their invention in the best way possible. It should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle that the present invention. Therefore, the configuration described herein is only the most preferred content of the present invention and does not satisfy all of the technical idea of the present invention, there may be various equivalents and modifications that can replace them at the time of the present application It must be understood.

1 is a block diagram showing a biogas generating apparatus of an organic waste according to the present invention.

** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings **

10: shredding device 20: screen device

21: vibrator 30: pretreatment device

35: steam supply device 36: cooling device

40: mixing tank 45: input device

50: dry anaerobic digester 55: agitator

60: extinguishing efficiency control device 70: solid-liquid separation device

80: microbial culture tank 85: microbial feeder

86: connector 90: biogas reservoir

Claims (5)

In the biogas generator of organic waste, A crushing tank 10 in which organic waste is crushed; A screen device 20 for filtering organic waste discharged from the crushing tank 10; A pretreatment device 30 connected to the screen device 20 and provided with a steam supply device 35; A mixing tank 40 in which organic waste and microorganisms introduced from the pretreatment device 30 are mixed; A dry anaerobic digestion tank 50 connected to the mixing tank 40 and provided with a stirring device 55 and a microbial supply device 85; A solid-liquid separator 70 for solid-liquid separation of organic waste discharged from the dry anaerobic digester 50; A microbial culture tank 80 in which a liquid organic waste separated from the solid-liquid separator 70 is cultured; And Biogas generation apparatus of an organic waste, characterized in that consisting of a biogas storage tank (80) in which the biogas generated from the dry anaerobic digestion tank (50) is stored. The method of claim 1, The microbial culture tank 80 and the microbial supply device (85) is a biogas generating device of organic waste, characterized in that connected through the connection (86). The method of claim 1, The dry anaerobic digestion tank 50 is provided with a digestion efficiency control device 60, the organic waste of the organic waste, characterized in that a predetermined amount of the organic waste is returned to the mixing tank 40 through the digestion efficiency control device (60). Biogas Generator. The method of claim 1, The pretreatment device (30) is a biogas generation device for organic waste, characterized in that the cooling device 36 is provided. The method of claim 1, The screen device (20) is a biogas generation device for organic waste, characterized in that the vibration device 21 is further provided.

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