KR100784621B1 - Pellet type fertilizer and manufacturing method of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for producing a pellet type fertilizer is provided to obtain a fertilizer dissolved gradually to show a continuous nutrient supplying effect, and realizing improved appearance when being applied to plants. A method for producing a pellet type fertilizer comprises the steps of: crushing a mixture of food garbage and quicklime having a water content of 15-30% into microparticles and extruding the microparticles into the shape of a short cylinder-like pellet(10); treating the resultant pellets at 90-150 deg.C for 15-30 minutes to obtain a water content of 7-12%; and cooling the surface-heated pellets by blowing air thereto.

Description

Pellet type fertilizer and manufacturing method of the same

1 is a perspective view showing a schematic appearance model of a pellet fertilizer made according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic perspective view of a pellet molded body according to a second embodiment;

3 is a perspective view of a pellet molded body according to a third embodiment;

4 is a perspective view of a pellet molded body according to a fourth embodiment;

5 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of fertilizing in a pot using a pellet molded body according to the fourth embodiment.

<Description of Major Symbols Used in Drawings>

10: pellet molding 11: coupling groove

12: coupling protrusion

The present invention relates to a fertilizer that can be fertilized in crops using food waste, and more particularly relates to a technology for making a fertilizer in the form of pellets that is easy to fertilize and maintain its form for a long time to enable nutrient feeding gradually. .

The amount of food waste that is thrown away is enormous, and the reality is that each municipality has a lot of difficulties in processing food waste. In recent years, the amount of sewage collection has been reduced and the treatment is more convenient than in the past, but food waste is still regarded as the main culprit that causes bad smell and pollutes the surrounding environment.

Known methods of treating food waste are incineration or landfilling, and this method causes secondary environmental pollution and has a high disposal cost.

As a solution to this problem, a technology of crushing food waste and drying it at high temperature has been proposed as an animal feed. In addition, there is a technology to utilize the food waste in agriculture by fertilizing.

Hereinafter, a method of fertilizing food waste according to the prior art related to the present invention will be described.

As a representative example, "method of food waste" is known from Korean Patent Registration No. 384068. The prior art is largely composed of four steps, the first step of sorting the foreign matter in the food waste by manpower or magnet, the step of crushing the selected food waste, and 60% by weight of the crushed food waste 10% by weight , 20% by weight of soybean meal and ethanol, and 10% by weight of the process sludge is composed of a stabilization step of stirring in a stabilization reactor and a drying step of making a powder in a drier.

That is, in the prior art, it is a technique of simply adding and stirring quicklime, vermiculite, and the like to pulverized food waste and drying it to a powdered state to make powdered fertilizer. Although it is a fertilizer in the powder state, it is not considered to be a powder state due to the fact that the particles are uneven, and it is considered to have only been dried, and it is not easy to fertilize and has a disadvantage in that a large amount of discarded during fertilization. In addition, when fertilized in a dry condition, such as in an orchard, in general, once fertilized, most fertilizers have local problems such as melting locally or flowing with rainwater. There are also disadvantages that must be taken. If a large amount of fertilizer leads to a large amount of nutrients at the same time, the plant may die due to osmotic pressure and soil overload.

In other words, it is a basic requirement to be able to supply sufficient nutrients as a requirement for good fertilizer. In addition, it must be gradually dissolved to not adversely affect the plants such as overloading, and not to re-apply for a long time with one application. In rural areas where human resources are scarce, mechanical fertilization should be possible. This requirement is evident in practical matters, with frequent application due to a lack of rural labor and high labor costs, which places a significant burden on farmers. Therefore, it is clear that it will be a great advantage as a fertilizer if it is not necessary to fertilize for a long time with one application.

However, fertilizers with the requirements as mentioned above have not been provided. However, in the related art, as one of the prior art, "the method currently implemented may include a method of pelletizing food waste with additives. It is not suitable for treatment, and the fact that the processing cost is not practical due to the supply and demand of the raw materials added as the compounding regulator during the treatment is a problem.

The above technique is merely mentioned that there is a method of pelletizing, and it is impossible to confirm any technical details presented. This is only the same meaning as provided in the form of uneven coarse particles such as feed provided in animal feed.

In the above technique, since a compounding agent is added at the time of treatment, molding by adding such a number of adjusting agents has a problem of low economical efficiency, and corresponds to an unfinished technique that cannot confirm whether a gradual fertilization effect can be produced while maintaining a long form. .

Accordingly, the present invention for solving the above problems is to form a fertilizer in the form of pellets using only quicklime and food waste, the fine powder in the same state as the powder to have a suitable moisture content to make the molding easy Its basic shape is formed and the surface heat treatment process adjusts the moisture content again, so it does not melt at a time but gradually melts, so that the effect of continuous nutrient supply and mechanical fertilization is possible after fertilization. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing pellet-type fertilizers that can prevent rainwater from being washed away and also provide visual effects such as gardening.

In addition, the present invention is to make a pellet-type fertilizer, but the shape can be connected to facilitate the production in a continuous process, provided in a straight form as well as arc-shaped bent form when applied to indoor potted plants, such as a form The present invention provides a method for producing a pellet-type fertilizer and a pellet-type fertilizer.

The present invention for achieving the object as described above, in the method of making a fertilizer using a mixture of food waste and quicklime, a short cylinder by pulverizing the mixture in the same state as a powder in the range of 15% to 30% water content Pellet molding step of extruding into a sieve shape; A heat treatment step of treating the pellet molded product at an ambient temperature of 90 ° C. to 150 ° C. for 15 minutes to 30 minutes and drying it to a water content of 7% to 12%; It relates to a pellet-type fertilizer manufacturing method comprising a; cooling step for lowering the temperature of the pellet molded body subjected to the surface heat treatment step by the blowing method.

In addition, the pellet molded body subjected to the surface heat treatment step increases the water content toward the core from the outer surface, the radius of the radius (r) from the outer surface of the pellet molded body

에서

에 상당하는 지점까지는 함수율이 10%로 하고,

in

Up to the point corresponding to, the moisture content is 10%,

Rather, it relates to a method for producing a pellet-type fertilizer, characterized in that the heat treatment so that the internal moisture content is 12%.

In addition, the pellet molding step relates to a method for producing a pellet-type fertilizer, characterized in that the molding to form an empty hollow hollow cylinder in the shape of a pellet molded body.

In addition, the pellet forming step is a shape of the pellet molded body is formed to form a coupling groove recessed on one side and the coupling protrusion corresponding to the coupling groove on the other side is characterized in that it is possible to continuously connect a plurality of pellet molded body It relates to a method for producing a pellet-type fertilizer.

And the pellet molded body relates to a method for producing a pellet-type fertilizer, characterized in that the molded in a straight or arc-shaped bent form.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a pellet fertilizer, characterized in that a coupling groove is provided at one end and a coupling protrusion is formed at the other end to interconnect the coupling groove and the coupling protrusion to form an arbitrary molding. It's also about.

Hereinafter, a detailed description will be made of the method for producing a pellet-type fertilizer according to the present invention, the accompanying drawings showing a specific example of the pellet-type fertilizer molded in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, within the scope not departing from the spirit of the technical idea of the present invention, the implementation by simple modification by those skilled in the art is also included in the scope of the present invention.

The method for producing pellet-type fertilizer is basically a mixture made of food waste and quicklime as a main material, and includes a pellet forming step, a surface heat treatment step and a cooling step.

The technology itself of mixing food waste and quicklime as a fertilizer is a known technique. When mixing and mixing food waste containing organic matter with quicklime, an exothermic reaction occurs and heat of 100 to 130 ° C is generated. E. coli and various pathogenic bacteria are sterilized by the high temperature heat generated by the exothermic reaction, and organic matter is stabilized. Since the reaction relationship between quicklime and food waste is a well-known matter, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The first step of the present invention using the mixture of the food waste and quicklime is a pellet forming step, in particular, the water content of the mixture is in the range of 15 to 30%, using a fine particle grinder to the powder-like state The pellets are pulverized and extruded in a molding machine to form pellets having a short cylindrical shape. The mixture of quicklime and food waste has already been crushed to some extent and agitated well and should be adjusted to have a water content in the range of 15 to 30%. The moisture content of the mixture is adjusted in order to smoothly form the pellet in the pellet forming step when the mixture is finely pulverized like a powder and extruded. Of course, if the mixture is further ground in the pellet forming step, there will be a change in the overall moisture content, but according to the rule of thumb according to the inventors' long-term test results, the moisture content of the original mixture is in the range of 15 to 30%. The result was that moldability was improved.

After the pellet is formed through the pellet molding step, the surface heat treatment step is followed, and the surface heat treatment step is a process for drying the pellet molded product. More specifically, the pellets are put into the endless track and dried while moving slowly, the ambient temperature is 90 to 150 degrees and the treatment time is carried out under the condition of about 15 to 30 minutes. It has a moisture content of 7 to 12%. The moisture content of the pellet molded body after the surface heat treatment step is different from the surface part and the core part, and the moisture content gradually increases toward the core part. This prevents the decay of the organic matter, which is easy to explain when cooking steaks medium. That is, the moisture content at the surface of the pellet molded body is minimized, and thus, the hard surface part is not easily melted at a time even when it is in contact with water, compared to the core part, and has a characteristic of gradually fertilizing over a long time.

The pellet molded body undergoing the heat treatment step increases the moisture content from the outer surface to the deeper portion, and is preferably divided into two sectors in cross section. Of course, the area is not precisely distinguished, but is approximately from the outer surface with respect to the radius r of the pellets.

에서

에 상당하는 지점까지는 함수율이 10%가 되도록 하며, 그 보다 내부의 함수율은 약 12% 정도가 되도록 함이 적합하다. 바람직하게는 상기 함수율 수치 10% 와 12%는 오차범위 약±0.5%로 함이 좋다.

in

Up to the point corresponding to, the moisture content is 10%, and the internal moisture content is about 12%. Preferably, the moisture content values 10% and 12% may be about ± 0.5% of the error range.

After the surface heat treatment step, a cooling step for cooling is performed, and the cooling step cools the temperature of the pellet molded body to room temperature by a general blowing method. The pellet molded body may be cooled by various known methods, and may be naturally cooled.

Next, a more specific embodiment will be described.

First Embodiment

1 is a perspective view showing a schematic appearance model of a pellet fertilizer made according to the first embodiment. That is, in the first embodiment of the present invention, a cylindrical cylinder filled with the inside of the pellet molded body 10 is prepared, and a mixture having a water content of about 25% is prepared, and the pellet molding step is performed. The mixture was further ground in a pulverizer to a powdered state and extruded in a molding machine to produce pellet shaped bodies as shown.

Subsequently, a surface heat treatment step is performed, and the pellet molded body 10 is placed on an endless track body such as a conveyor belt and slowly moved. At this time, the atmosphere temperature is about 100 ° C. and the treatment time is about 20 minutes. The surface-treated pellet molded body was cut out, and the water content of the cross section was measured. About from the outer surface with respect to the radius r of the pellet molding

지점을 경계점으로 선정했으며 상기 경계점에 대해 보다 내부의 한 지점을 임의로 선택하여 함수율을 측정한 결과 약 11.3% 였고, 상기 경계점에 대해 보다 외측 부위의 임의의 한점에서 측정한 결과는 약 9.5%의 함수율을 나타내었다.

The point was selected as the boundary point, and the moisture content was measured by randomly selecting an inner point for the boundary point, and the result was about 11.3%. Indicated.

In other words, the outer portion of the outer portion relative to the inner portion relative to the inner portion has a lower moisture content, so that the surface becomes hard and therefore does not melt at the time of contact with water.

After the surface heat treatment step was performed, the pellets were cooled by using a wind forced by a fan.

Second Embodiment

In the second embodiment of the present invention is characterized in the shape of the pellet molded body, Figure 2 shows a schematic perspective view of the pellet molded body according to the second embodiment.

As shown, in the second embodiment, when the pellet molding 10 is extruded in the pellet forming step, the hollow molded body is molded like an empty hollow cylinder.

Subsequent processes may be performed under the same or similar conditions as in the case of the first embodiment, and thus description thereof will be omitted.

Third Embodiment

3 is a schematic perspective view of the pellet molded body showing the third embodiment of the present invention, and is characterized by the shape of the pellet molded body as in the second embodiment.

The pellet molding 10 according to the present embodiment is provided with a coupling groove 11 recessed at one side through a pellet molding step, and a coupling protrusion 12 corresponding to the coupling groove 11 is formed at the other end. Complete pellet pellets (10) is characterized in that it can be provided or fertilized in a continuous connection form.

The description of the subsequent steps will be omitted.

Fourth Example

Figure 4 is a perspective view of a pellet molded body according to the fourth embodiment, Figure 5 is a perspective view showing an embodiment fertilized in a pot using the pellet molded body according to the fourth embodiment.

As in the third embodiment, in the pellet forming step, the coupling grooves 11 or the coupling protrusions 12 are formed at both ends of the pellet molded body 10, and may be a straight pellet molded body, as shown in FIG. You may shape | mold in the pellet molded object curved in the form.

If it is a straight-line pellet molding, it can be fertilized in a hanging form by connecting several to form a single line, and if it is a round-shaped pellet molding (10), it can be connected in a ring shape as shown in the drawing pot (20). It can also be fertilized in the form of a ring. Of course, connecting a plurality of pellets (10) can be made in a variety of forms other than that, and thus the pellet-type fertilizer of the present invention may function as a sculpture beyond the purpose of the fertilizer itself. The description after the pellet forming step will be omitted.

According to the method for producing a pellet-type fertilizer according to the present invention, it is well formed by adjusting the proper moisture content and slowly dissolves in contact with water, and melts locally and has the disadvantage of nutrient overload or soil tillage. It is possible to manufacture pellet-type fertilizers, which have characteristics such as preventing rain from flowing down and allowing mechanical fertilization, and thus the pellet-type fertilizers thus formed are easy to fertilize and each pellet-type fertilizer is connected to each other. It is an excellent technology that can give visually decorative effects in gardening, etc. by fertilizing by constructing various shaped sculptures. Therefore, the present invention is a technology of high industrial applicability that can be mass produced and consumed as fertilizers for agriculture and horticulture.

Next, the pellet-type fertilizer molded by the manufacturing method as described above will be described.

Pellet-type fertilizer produced by the manufacturing method as in the third and fourth embodiments presented in the manufacturing method of the present invention is a coupling groove recessed in one end of the pellet molded body 10 as shown in FIG. 11) is formed, the other end is provided with a coupling protrusion 12 which is connected to each other corresponding to the coupling groove (11).

And the basic shape of the pellet molded body can be a straight or arc-shaped bent shape, by connecting the same pellet molding or different types of pellet molding to an arbitrary molding to obtain a decorative effect and the effect of fertilizing fertilizers at the same time Make sure Of course, the pellet-type fertilizer thus formed can be fertilized in the ground without connecting each one.

According to the present invention, the fertilizer in the form of a hollow or filled pellet can be easily formed by controlling the appropriate moisture content, and the molded fertilizer has a low moisture content compared to the inside and is hard, so that even in contact with water in a short time, It does not melt and gradually dissolves over time for a long time.

Therefore, the fertilizer application period can be extended as much as possible, which will help to reduce labor costs and solve the labor shortage caused by the severe agricultural shortage.

In addition, since the pellet-type fertilizer produced by the production method of the present invention can be connected to each other, not only the use as a simple fertilizer but also a more formal fertilization and visual decorative effect can be obtained. In other words, when fertilizing fertilizer in the pot can be fertilized not dirty.

Claims (6)

In the method of making fertilizer using a mixture of food waste and quicklime, Pellet molding step of extruding the mixture in the range of 15% to 30% of water content in a powder-like state and finely molded into a short cylindrical shape; A surface heat treatment step of treating the pellet molded product at an ambient temperature of 90 ° C. to 150 ° C. for 15 minutes to 30 minutes and drying it to a water content of 7% to 12%; Method for producing a pellet-type fertilizer comprising a; cooling step for lowering the temperature of the pellet molded body after the surface heat treatment step by the blowing method. The method of claim 1, The pellet molded body subjected to the surface heat treatment step, As the water content increases from the outer surface to the deeper portion, the radius of the radius r from the outer surface of the pellet

in

Up to the point corresponding to, the moisture content is 10%, The method of producing a pellet-type fertilizer, characterized in that the surface heat treatment so that the moisture content of the inside is more than 12%. The method of claim 1, The pellet molding step, A method for producing a pellet-type fertilizer, characterized in that the molding to be a hollow hollow cylinder inside the shape of the pellet molded body. The method of claim 1, The pellet molding step, The method of manufacturing a pellet-type fertilizer, characterized in that the coupling groove is formed in the shape of the pellet molded in one side and the coupling protrusion corresponding to the coupling groove is formed in the other side to continuously connect a plurality of pellet molded body . The method of claim 4, wherein The pellet molded body, A method for producing a pellet-type fertilizer, characterized in that molded in a straight or arc-like bent form. According to the manufacturing method of claim 4 or 5, one side end is provided with a coupling groove, the other end is formed with a coupling protrusion is connected to the coupling groove and the coupling projections pellets, characterized in that to form any sculpture Fertilizer.

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