KR100740215B1 - Apparatus for automatic distribution of radio- pharmaceuticals - Google Patents

Apparatus for automatic distribution of radio- pharmaceuticals Download PDF

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KR100740215B1
KR100740215B1 KR1020020024700A KR20020024700A KR100740215B1 KR 100740215 B1 KR100740215 B1 KR 100740215B1 KR 1020020024700 A KR1020020024700 A KR 1020020024700A KR 20020024700 A KR20020024700 A KR 20020024700A KR 100740215 B1 KR100740215 B1 KR 100740215B1
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radiopharmaceutical
syringe
flow rate
control pump
radioactivity
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KR20030087129A (en
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양승대
허민구
전권수
김상욱
윤용기
홍성운
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재단법인 한국원자력의학원
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
    • A61J3/00—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B1/00—Packaging fluent solid material, e.g. powders, granular or loose fibrous material, loose masses of small articles, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
    • B65B1/30—Devices or methods for controlling or determining the quantity or quality or the material fed or filled
    • B65B1/36—Devices or methods for controlling or determining the quantity or quality or the material fed or filled by volumetric devices or methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
    • A61J2200/00—General characteristics or adaptations
    • A61J2200/70—Device provided with specific sensor or indicating means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
    • A61M2005/14208—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps with a programmable infusion control system, characterised by the infusion program

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 방사성의약품 자동분배장치에 관한 것으로서, 1회 사용분량의 방사성의약품을 약병이나 주사기에 주입할 때 매번 방사능량을 측정해야 하는 번거로움을 덜고 작업자의 피폭을 최소화하기 위한 방사성의약품 자동분배장치를 제공하는 것이 본 발명의 목적이다.The present invention relates to a radiopharmaceutical automatic dispensing apparatus, which automatically dispenses a radiopharmaceutical dispensing apparatus for minimizing the exposure of an operator while reducing the trouble of having to measure the amount of radioactivity each time when injecting a single-use radiopharmaceutical into a vial or syringe. It is an object of the present invention to provide.

이를 위하여 본 발명은 방사성의약품 저장용기와; 방사성의약품의 방사능량을 측정하는 방사능량 감지수단과; 상기 방사능량 감지수단의 측정값에 따라 송출하는 유량을 조절하는 유량제어펌프와; 상기 방사능량 감지수단으로부터 측정값신호를 입력받아 그 측정값에 따라 상기 유량제어펌프에 제어신호를 보내 유량을 제어하는 유량제어기와; 상기 유량제어펌프가 송출하는 방사성의약품이 주입되는 주사기와; 상기 주사기를 자동으로 이송하는 분배이송장치와; 상기 주사기에 질소가스를 분사할 수 있도록 주사기 부근에 설치되는 노즐로 구성된다.To this end, the present invention is a radiopharmaceutical storage container; Radioactivity detection means for measuring radioactivity of the radiopharmaceutical; A flow rate control pump for adjusting a flow rate to be sent according to the measured value of the radiation amount detecting means; A flow rate controller which receives a measurement value signal from the radiation amount detection means and sends a control signal to the flow rate control pump according to the measured value to control the flow rate; A syringe into which the radiopharmaceutical transmitted by the flow control pump is injected; A dispensing and transfer device for automatically transferring the syringe; It consists of a nozzle installed near the syringe to inject nitrogen gas to the syringe.

이와 같은 본 발명에 따른 방사성의약품 자동분배장치에 의해 방사성의약품의 방사능량 측정 및 1회 사용분량만큼 약병이나 주사기에 옮겨 담는 것이 자동화되며, 이로써 작업자의 피폭을 최소화할 수 있게 되는 효과가 있다.The automatic radiopharmaceutical distribution device according to the present invention is automated to measure the radioactivity of the radiopharmaceuticals and transfer them to the vial or syringe as much as one use amount, thereby minimizing the exposure of the worker.

방사성의약품, 단반감기, 핵종, 자동분배장치, 유량제어펌프Radiopharmaceuticals, Half-life, Nuclide, Automatic Dispensing System, Flow Control Pump

Description

방사성의약품 자동분배장치{Apparatus for automatic distribution of radio- pharmaceuticals}Apparatus for automatic distribution of radio-pharmaceuticals

도 1은 본 발명의 구성을 개략적으로 나타낸 도면이다.1 is a view schematically showing the configuration of the present invention.

*도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

3 : 방사능량 감지수단 5 : 유량제어펌프3: radioactivity detection means 5: flow control pump

11 : 분배이송장치11: dispensing feeder

본 발명은 자동분배장치에 관한 것으로, 특히 방사성의약품의 자동분배장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an automatic dispensing apparatus, and more particularly to an automatic dispensing apparatus for radiopharmaceuticals.

일반적으로 방사성의약품은 인체에 미치는 악영향을 최소화하기 위하여 단반감기의 핵종을 사용하는데, 이는 최종적으로 사용하기 위하여 약병(vial)이나 주사기(syringe)에 담은 방사성의약품을 장시간 보관할 수 없다는 것을 뜻한다. 약병이나 주사기에 담겨 있는 방사성의약품에 포함된 방사능의 양이 시간이 지남에 따라 급격히 줄어듦으로써 방사성의약품이 제 기능을 다 할 수 없게 되기 때문이다.In general, radiopharmaceuticals use short-lived nuclides in order to minimize adverse effects on the human body, which means that radiopharmaceuticals contained in vials or syringes cannot be stored for a long time. This is because the amount of radioactivity in a radiopharmaceutical in a vial or syringe decreases rapidly over time, making the radiopharmaceutical unable to function.

따라서 종래에는 방사성의약품이 필요할 때마다 저장용기에 보관하고 있는 방사성의약품을 먼저 그 방사능의 양을 측정하고, 이로써 1회 사용분량(unit dose)의 방사능이 포함된 방사성의약품의 양을 계산하여 그 양만큼을 약병이나 주사기에 옮겨 담은 후 사용하였다. 이 방법은 매번 방사능의 양을 일일이 측정해야 한다는 번거로움이 있을 뿐 아니라 작업자가 방사능에 피폭되는 횟수와 피폭량이 많아 위험하기도 하다.Therefore, conventionally, whenever a radiopharmaceutical is needed, the radiopharmaceutical stored in a storage container is first measured, and then the amount of radiopharmaceuticals including a unit dose of radioactivity is calculated to calculate the amount. As much as transfer to the vials or syringes were used. This method is not only cumbersome to measure the amount of radiation each time, but also dangerous because of the number of exposures and the amount of exposure of workers.

본 발명은 이상에서 언급한 종래 기술의 문제점을 감안하여 안출한 것으로서, 1회 사용분량의 방사성의약품을 약병이나 주사기에 옮겨 담을 때마다 매번 방사능의 양을 측정해야 하는 번거로움을 해소한 방사성의약품 자동분배장치를 제공하기 위한 것이다. The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and automatic radiopharmaceuticals that eliminate the hassles of measuring the amount of radioactivity each time a single dose of radiopharmaceutical is transferred to a vial or syringe. To provide a distribution device.

또한, 본 발명은 1회 사용분량의 방사성의약품을 약병이나 주사기에 옮겨 담을 때마다 작업자가 이를 직접 수행하여야 하는 불편함을 덞으로써 작업자가 방사능에 피폭되는 횟수와 피폭량을 최소화 할 수 있는 방사성의약품 자동분배장치를 제공하기 위한 것이다. In addition, the present invention is an automatic radiopharmaceutical that can minimize the number of times and the amount of exposure to the operator by taking the inconvenience that the operator must carry out this directly every time you put a single use of the radiopharmaceutical in a vial or syringe To provide a distribution device.

이상과 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 구성을 첨부도면을 참조하여 설명하면 아래와 같다. 도 1은 본 발명의 구성을 개략적으로 나타낸 도면이다.Referring to the accompanying drawings, the configuration of the present invention for achieving the above object is as follows. 1 is a view schematically showing the configuration of the present invention.

본 발명은 방사성의약품에 포함된 방사능의 양을 측정하는 방사능량 감지수단(3), 방사성의약품 저장용기(1)와 저장용기(1)로부터 방사성의약품을 흡입하여 약병(9) 또는 주사기(미도시됨)에 송출하되 시간이 흐름에 따라 방사능의 양이 감 소하는 점을 고려하여 약병(9) 또는 주사기에 정해진 양의 방사능이 포함된 방사성의약품이 주입되도록 유량을 조절할 수 있는 유량제어펌프(5), 유량제어펌프(5)를 제어하여 유량을 조절하는 유량제어기(7), 그리고 방사성의약품이 주입되는 약병(9) 또는 주사기와 약병(9) 또는 주사기를 운반하는 분배이송장치(11)로 구성된 방사성의약품 자동분배장치를 제공한다.The present invention inhales radiopharmaceuticals from the radioactive amount detecting means (3), the radiopharmaceutical storage container (1) and the storage container (1) for measuring the amount of radioactivity contained in the radiopharmaceutical (9) or syringe (not shown) Flow rate control pump (5) to adjust the flow rate so that the radiopharmaceutical containing a predetermined amount of radioactivity is injected into the vial (9) or syringe in consideration of the fact that the amount of radioactivity decreases with time. ), A flow controller (7) for controlling the flow rate by controlling the flow control pump (5), and a delivery bottle (11) for transporting a vial (9) or a syringe and a vial (9) or a syringe into which radiopharmaceuticals are injected; It provides a configured radiopharmaceutical automatic distribution device.

상기 유량제어펌프(5)로는 소량의 유량의 제어에 흔히 사용되는 연동펌프(peristaltic pump)나 주사기펌프(syringe pump)를 사용할 수 있는데, 경제적인 측면뿐 아니라 방사성의약품의 송출에 사용되는 펌프이므로 방사능에 노출되어 오염되는 부품을 교환해 줘야 한다는 점을 생각하면, 배관(tubing)만을 교체하면 되는 연동펌프가 보다 적절할 것이다.The flow control pump 5 may be a peristaltic pump (peristaltic pump) or a syringe pump (syringe pump) commonly used for the control of a small amount of flow rate, because it is a pump used for the delivery of radiopharmaceuticals as well as economic aspects radioactivity Considering the need to replace contaminated parts that are exposed to water, peristaltic pumps that only need to replace tubing will be more appropriate.

일반적으로 방사성의약품의 분배작업은 안전성을 고려하여 방사선의 유출이 차단되는 핫셀(hot-cell) 내에서 이루어지게 되는데, 상기 분배이송장치(11)는 핫셀 내에서 빈 약병(9) 또는 주사기 및 방사성의약품이 주입된 약병(9) 또는 주사기의 이송뿐 아니라, 방사성의약품이 주입된 약병(9) 또는 주사기의 핫셀 외부로의 이송작업도 수행한다.In general, the radiopharmaceutical dispensing operation is performed in a hot cell in which leakage of radiation is blocked in consideration of safety, and the dispensing and transporting device 11 is an empty vial 9 or a syringe and radioactive in the hot cell. In addition to transporting the vial 9 or the syringe injected with the medicine, the transfer operation of the vial 9 or the syringe injected with the radiopharmaceutical outside the hot cell is also performed.

본 발명에 따른 방사성의약품 자동분배장치에는 방사성의약품을 약병(9) 또는 주사기에 주입하기 전에 방사성의약품에 포함된 이물질을 걸러내기 위한 여과장치(13)가 일반적으로 포함될 것이다.Radiopharmaceutical automatic dispensing apparatus according to the present invention will generally include a filtration device 13 for filtering foreign substances contained in the radiopharmaceutical before injecting the radiopharmaceutical into the vial (9) or syringe.

그리고 방사성의약품을 주사기에 주입하는 경우에는 주사바늘쪽에서 가압식으로 주입하게 되므로 방사성의약품이 공기 또는 기타 오염원과 접촉하게 될 우려 가 있는데, 방사성의약품이 주사기에 주입되는 곳 부근에 노즐(미도시됨)을 설치하여 질소가스를 분사함으로써 이같은 우려를 해소할 수 있다.In case of injecting the radiopharmaceutical into the syringe, the radiopharmaceutical is injected from the needle side, so the radiopharmaceutical may come into contact with air or other contaminants.A nozzle (not shown) may be placed near the place where the radiopharmaceutical is injected into the syringe. This can be eliminated by injecting nitrogen gas through the installation.

한편, 방사성의약품은 보관상의 어려움이나 오염원과의 접촉우려 등의 문제 때문에 약병이나 주사기에 방사성의약품의 종류에 따라 정해지는 1회 사용분량만큼만 주입하여 사용하는 것이 일반적이다. 그런데 방사성의약품의 경우 생산되는 매 로트(lot)마다 단위량당 포함된 방사능물질의 양이 다르고, 특히 단반감기의 핵종을 사용하는 방사성의약품의 경우 생산 후 시간이 흐름에 따라 1회 사용시 필요한 방사능의 양을 포함하는 방사성의약품의 양이 크게 달라지게 된다. 따라서 생산된 방사성의약품을 저장용기(1)에 저장할 때 방사능량 감지수단(3)이 측정한 측정값과 상기 방사성의약품에 사용된 핵종의 반감기를 근거로, 상기 유량제어기(7)가 시간추이에 따른 1회 사용분량만큼의 상기 방사성의약품의 양을 계산하여 상기 유량제어펌프(5)가 적정한 양의 상기 방사성의약품을 약병(9) 또는 주사기에 주입하도록 제어하게 된다. 또는 약병(9) 또는 주사기에 방사성의약품을 주입할 때마다 상기 방사능량 감지수단(3)으로 그 때의 방사능량을 측정하여 상기 유량제어기(7)가 1회 사용분량에 맞는 적정한 방사성의약품의 양을 결정하고 상기 유량제어펌프(5)를 제어하여 적정한 유량으로 조절하도록 구성할 수도 있다. 이렇게 약병(9) 또는 주사기에 주입된 방사성의약품이 일정한 시간 이내에 사용되어야 함은 물론이다.On the other hand, radiopharmaceuticals are generally used by injecting only a single use amount determined according to the type of radiopharmaceuticals into a vial or syringe due to problems such as difficulty in storage or contact with a contaminant. However, in the case of radiopharmaceuticals, the amount of radioactive substance contained per unit amount is different for each lot produced, and in particular, in the case of radiopharmaceuticals using a short-lived nuclide, the amount of radioactivity required for one use with time after production The amount of radiopharmaceuticals, including, will vary greatly. Therefore, based on the measured value measured by the radioactive amount detecting means 3 and the half-life of the nuclide used in the radiopharmaceutical when the produced radiopharmaceutical is stored in the storage container 1, the flow controller 7 changes over time. By calculating the amount of the radiopharmaceutical by the amount of single use according to the flow control pump 5 is controlled to inject the appropriate amount of the radiopharmaceutical into the vial (9) or syringe. Alternatively, whenever the radiopharmaceutical is injected into the vial 9 or the syringe, the radioactive amount is measured by the radioactive amount detecting means 3 so that the flow controller 7 is appropriate for the amount of radiopharmaceutical used. Determine and control the flow control pump 5 may be configured to adjust to an appropriate flow rate. Thus, the radiopharmaceutical injected into the vial 9 or syringe should be used within a certain time.

또한 위와 같이 1회 사용분량의 방사성의약품을 담은 약병(9) 또는 주사기를 핫셀 외부로 이송하기 전 임시로 보관하는 1회 사용분량 저장고(15)(dose chamber)를 마련하고 이를 상기 분배이송장치(11)와 연결하여, 방사성의약품이 주입된 약병(9) 또는 주사기를 잠시 핫셀 내부에서 보관했다가 필요할 때 핫셀 외부로 반출하여 사용하도록 할 수도 있다.In addition, as described above, a single-use storage chamber 15 (dose chamber) for temporarily storing the vials (9) or syringe containing a single-use radiopharmaceutical before transporting to the outside of the hot cell is provided, and the distribution transfer device ( In connection with 11), a vial (9) or syringe filled with radiopharmaceuticals may be stored inside the hot cell for a while and then taken out to the outside of the hot cell when needed.

상술한 본 발명에 따른 방사성의약품 자동분배장치에 의하면 저장용기에 처음 방사성의약품을 저장할 때 방사성의약품에 포함된 방사능의 양을 측정하여 저장용기에 저장된 방사성의약품을 다 사용할 때까지 그 측정값 및 사용된 핵종의 반감기를 근거로 1회 사용분량만큼의 방사능을 포함하는 방사성의약품의 양을 자동으로 계산하게 되므로, 저장용기에서 약병이나 주사기로 방사성의약품을 옮겨 담을 때마다 매번 방사능의 양을 측정하지 않아도 되는 편리함이 있다.According to the automatic radiopharmaceutical distribution device according to the present invention described above, when the radiopharmaceutical is stored in a storage container for the first time, the measured value and the amount of radioactivity contained in the radiopharmaceutical are measured until the radioactive drug stored in the storage container is used up. Since the radiopharmaceuticals that contain the amount of radioactivity are automatically calculated based on the half-life of the nuclide, there is no need to measure the amount of radioactivity each time a radiopharmaceutical is transferred from a storage container to a vial or syringe. There is convenience.

또한 위의 계산값에 따라 유량제어기가 유량제어펌프를 제어하여 약병이나 주사기에 1회 사용분량만큼의 방사성의약품을 주입하고, 이 약병 또는 주사기를 1회 사용분량 저장고에 저장했다가 또는 주입 후 바로 자동이송장치에 의해 이송하여 외부로 반출하게 되므로, 작업자가 방사능에 노출되는 횟수 및 시간이 크게 줄어들어 피폭으로 인한 위험을 최소화하게 되는 효과도 있다.

According to the above calculation, the flow controller controls the flow control pump to inject a dose of radioactive chemical into the vial or syringe, and store the vial or syringe in the single-use reservoir or immediately after injection. Since it is transported by the automatic transfer device and taken out to the outside, the number and time of the worker's exposure to radiation are greatly reduced, thereby minimizing the risk of exposure.

Claims (7)

방사성의약품 저장용기와;Radiopharmaceutical storage containers; 방사성의약품의 방사능량을 측정하는 방사능량 감지수단과;Radioactivity detection means for measuring radioactivity of the radiopharmaceutical; 상기 방사능량 감지수단의 측정값에 따라 송출하는 유량을 조절하는 유량제어펌프와;A flow rate control pump for adjusting a flow rate to be sent according to the measured value of the radiation amount detecting means; 상기 방사능량 감지수단으로부터 측정값신호를 입력받아 그 측정값에 따라 상기 유량제어펌프에 제어신호를 보내 유량을 제어하는 유량제어기와;A flow rate controller which receives a measurement value signal from the radiation amount detection means and sends a control signal to the flow rate control pump according to the measured value to control the flow rate; 상기 유량제어펌프가 송출하는 방사성의약품이 주입되는 주사기와;A syringe into which the radiopharmaceutical transmitted by the flow control pump is injected; 상기 주사기를 자동으로 이송하는 분배이송장치와;A dispensing and transfer device for automatically transferring the syringe; 상기 주사기에 질소가스를 분사할 수 있도록 주사기 부근에 설치되는 노즐을 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 방사성의약품 자동분배장치Radiopharmaceutical automatic dispensing apparatus comprising a nozzle installed near the syringe to inject nitrogen gas to the syringe 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 유량제어펌프는 연동펌프인 것을 특징으로 하는 방사성의약품 자동분배장치The flow rate control pump is a radiopharmaceutical automatic distribution device, characterized in that the peristaltic pump 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 유량제어펌프가 송출하는 방사성의약품에 포함된 이물질을 걸러내는 여과장치를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방사성의약품 자동분배장치Radiopharmaceutical automatic dispensing device comprising a filtration device for filtering foreign substances contained in the radiopharmaceuticals sent by the flow control pump 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 유량제어펌프가 상기 주사기에 방사성의약품을 그 종류에 따라 1회 사용분량만큼 주입하도록 상기 유량제어기가 상기 유량제어펌프를 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방사성의약품 자동분배장치Wherein the flow controller controls the flow control pump so that the flow control pump injects the radiopharmaceutical into the syringe by a single use amount according to the type thereof. 제4항에 있어서,The method of claim 4, wherein 방사성의약품이 그 종류에 따라 1회 사용분량만큼 주입된 상기 주사기를 보관하며, 상기 분배이송장치와 연결되어 그 내외부로의 주사기의 이송이 자동으로 이루어지는 1회 사용분량 저장고를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방사성의약품 자동분배장치It is characterized in that it comprises a one-use storage reservoir for storing the syringe injected by the one-use amount of radiopharmaceuticals according to the type, and connected to the dispensing and transfer device to automatically transfer the syringe to the inside and the outside. Radiopharmaceutical automatic dispensing device 삭제delete 삭제delete
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