KR100736596B1 - The metal soop lubrication treatment material for cold pozing process - Google Patents

Abstract

A composition of metal soap lubrication treatment materials used for a cold forging process is provided to increase the lubricating property of a forged product and a mold, to prevent sticking, to obtain high-precision products, and to extend the life time of the mold. The composition of metal soap lubrication treatment materials used for a cold forging process comprises 28~55wt.% of good fatty acid, 3~21wt.% of an inorganic alkaline agent, 6~35wt.% of an inorganic lubricating agent, 1~5wt.% of an anticorrosive, and the rest purified water. The fatty acid comprises saturated and unsaturated fatty acid having 4~22 carbons. The saturated fatty acid is at least one of butyric acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid, or the mixture thereof. The unsaturated fatty acid is at least one of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid or the mixture thereof.

Description

The Metal Soap Lubrication Treatment Material For Cold Pozing Process

The present invention relates to a metal soap lubricating agent composition in a cold forging process.

In general, forging is one of metal processing methods for pressing and deforming metal lumps or thick plates, and forging includes hot forging to be processed at a high temperature and cold forging to be processed at a lower temperature than hot.

In the cold forging, high precision can be obtained, but surface lubrication is required.

Surface lubrication in cold forging is performed in advance to produce a mixed film of zinc phosphate, a metal lubricating film, and metal soap, a lubricating agent, on the surface of the material to improve the lubricity of the product during processing and to prevent sticking with the mold.

Conventionally used lubricating agents have problems such as low workability due to lack of lubrication in cold and warm forging of high difficulty, and the need to increase the process.

The surface lubrication process conventionally performed removes scale formed on the surface by degreasing and pickling, and then chemically treats phosphate to coat and neutralizes sodium soap to prevent direct contact between the material surface and the mold surface during cold forging. This prevents seizure during molding to maintain the life of the mold.

In the conventional surface lubrication treatment, about 10 processes including degreasing, two-stage washing, washing sulfuric acid, washing with water, hot water, zinc phosphate coating, washing with water, neutralization, metal lubrication, and drying are sequentially performed. Fill the chemicals in the tank, load the material into the tank filled with chemicals, process it for the corresponding time, move to the next process when it is completed, and take out the product when these 10 processes are completed.

The first process of the conventional surface lubrication operation is a degreasing process, and the most widely used method in the field of cold forging is alkali degreasing. Alkaline degreasing agents are inexpensive, effective in removing all contaminants in a single operation, and are easy to control. Alkaline degreasing agents, however, must have saponification and emulsification capabilities, contain colloidal additives, and must be able to be removed from the wash.

Alkaline degreasing agents must first be able to remove burn-on carbon smut from carbon produced during heat treatment or pickling, and second, to remove grease and oil. Since the residue of the phosphate produced after the operation must be able to be removed, the alkali degreasing agent should be selected to satisfy the above conditions.

After the degreasing process, two stages of washing are performed, followed by a pickling process.

Scales are formed on the surface of iron or steel products manufactured by heat treatment or hot forming. In order to remove these scales, shot blasting is performed before the process is introduced into the process. If picked up, carry out pickling. In the cold forging process, since shot blasting is generally performed, pickling is necessary to increase the surface area of the base to form a zinc phosphate coating and to increase the weight of the coating to increase the formability of cold forging.

After pickling, washing with rinse and hot water is followed by a zinc phosphate coating process. Zinc phosphate coating increases the formability during cold forging, and helps the adhesion of soap in the subsequent lubrication process.

The solution used in the zinc phosphate coating process forms a film by attack of free acid on the steel surface and precipitation of phosphate crystals. Therefore, when some iron is dissolved into the solution, iron and zinc phosphate (Iron and Zinc Phosphate) adhere to the steel surface and form a film. The chemical phenomena involved are quite complex, but can be represented simply as:

First, due to the interaction between the metal surface and the free phosphoric acid, the first pickling reaction produces a ferrous phosphate ([Ferrous Phosphate / [2Fe (H2PO4) 2]) by the reaction of iron (Fe) and phosphoric acid.

Next, a local pH increase at the interface between the metal and the solution produces insoluble zinc phosphate (Zinc Phosphate / [Zn 3 (PO 4) 2]). In solution Zn (H 2 PO 4) 2 is in equilibrium with insoluble Zn 3 (PO 4) 2 and H 3 PO 4. Therefore, when reversing the reaction or adding free phosphoric acid to the working solution, soluble zinc phosphate is produced only when free phosphoric acid is reduced by contact with iron.

Therefore, after the zinc phosphate coating is treated as an overall reaction mechanism for precipitation deposition of the phosphate coating, it is washed with water and a neutralizing (Neutralising Rinse) process is performed. The neutralization process is a process to increase the effect of the metal soap in the lubrication process, which is a post process, and the solution used in the neutral washing should be kept constant by regular addition.

However, even with regular chemicals, neutralized water is gradually contaminated and loses its effectiveness, and therefore the solution must be disposed of regularly. In general, it is good to re-bath once a week, and it is very important to manage the neutralized flushing solution in this way. In particular, metal soap bath is the most expensive and its management is also important.

After the neutralization process, a metal lubrication process is performed. In the case of cold heading, reactive soap not only produces the lubrication required for single hole sizing or the draw of a calibration pass, but also continues with the multi-level heading that follows. To provide a suitable residual lubricant.

Metal soaps are formulated to extend the lifespan, and these main ingredients are high grade sodium stearate, preservatives, reaction additives to promote reaction with phosphate coatings, and to overcome the hardening of water. It is composed of salt saints.

The present invention relates to a metal soap lubricating agent which is the final step in the surface lubrication process of cold forging, the object of the present invention is excellent sedimentation stability and defoaming force, very low volatility of the pigment during forging operation, Metal soap lubrication in cold forging which improves the lubricity of forged products and molds, prevents seizure, and obtains products with high precision, and has excellent effects on extending the life of molds and preventing rust resistance of forged products by protecting the molds. It is to provide a treatment composition.

In order to achieve the object as described above, in the present invention, after preheating the material, performing three steps of applying a water-soluble surface lubricating agent and drying, and then molding, to improve the lubricity of the forging product and the mold, It is characterized by producing a metal soap lubricating agent composition in cold forging that prevents sintering, obtains a high-precision product, and exerts an excellent effect in extending the life of the mold by mold protection.

Hereinafter, the metal soap lubricating agent composition in the cold forging process according to the present invention will be described in detail.

The lubricating agent according to the present invention is an aqueous lubricating agent concentrated powder in which 58 to 78% by weight of total solids are dispersed, and when the lubricating agent is applied, the total solid is diluted in water at a concentration of 3.0 to 12.0%. For example, 50-200 Kg of the concentrated powder of the present invention is diluted in water at about 80 ° C. to give a homogeneous solution with a total volume of 1,000 liters of pH 9-13. The lubricant is preferably deposited or sprayed and applied to the surface of the material so as to have a dry weight on the surface area of the forged material, that is, about 1.5 to 12.0 g / m 2.

Therefore, the new lubricating agent used in the present invention is a lubricating agent concentrate for blending lubricating agent for cold forging of metal, and satisfies cold forging with high strain rate. It was developed for the purpose of providing a product to be removed.

The lubricating agent developed for the purpose as described above is a dark gray concentrated powder. The total solid content is 58 to 78% by weight, the blended raw material is composed of higher fatty acids, inorganic alkalis, inorganic lubricants, metal rust inhibitors, etc., the higher fatty acids of the cold forging lubricating agent used in the present invention is 4 to 22 carbon atoms Saturated fatty acids, in particular, butyric acid having 4 carbon atoms, butyric acid, 12 lauric acid, 16 palmitic acid, 18 stearic acid and 18 carbon atoms Unsaturated fatty acids, in particular, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and the like, among these, 28 to 55 weight of higher fatty acids mixed with one or more %, The inorganic alkali agent for neutralizing these higher fatty acids is ammonia water (NH4OH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2), zinc hydroxide (Zn (OH) 2), hydroxide Aluminum (Al (OH) 3), Magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH) 2), Lead hydroxide (Pb (OH) 2) etc., 3 to 21% by weight of an inorganic alkali agent mixed with one or more of these, and an inorganic lubricant refers to molybdenum disulfide, graphite, borax, zinc oxide, sodium polyphosphate, potassium polyphosphate, etc. 6 to 35% by weight of an inorganic lubricant mixed with one or more of these, metal rust inhibitors for the oxidation of the metal to be treated include sodium nitrite, potassium nitrite, sodium molybdate, potassium molybdate, ammonium molybdate It refers to the metal soap lubricating agent composition in the cold forging process which consists of 1-5 weight% of these antirust agents, and the remainder which consists of purified water.

The lubricating agent concentrated powder prepared above may be delivered as an aqueous concentrated powder, and when the lubricating agent is applied, the total solid content is diluted in water at a concentration of 3.0 to 12.0% and used, for example, the concentrated powder of the present invention. 50-200 Kg is diluted in water at about 80 DEG C to dissolve and disperse so that the total volume becomes a homogeneous solution with a total volume of 1,000 liters of pH 9-13.

The lubricating agent is heated to about 70 to 90 ° C., and the forging material is deposited for about 1 to 5 minutes, dried by hot air at about 170 ° C., so as to have a dry weight of about 1 to 12.0 g / m 2. It is preferable to apply to the surface.

When the amount of high-grade fatty acid is 28 ~ 55% by weight in the blended raw materials, when the amount is less than 28% by weight, there is no binding force of the pigment, so the volatilization of the pigment is severe during forging, and the working environment is poor. The dimensional tolerance with the mold is so large that it reduces the quality of the forging and the life of the mold.

When the amount of inorganic alkali is less than 3 to 21% by weight, the neutralization of fatty acids is insufficient and the acidity of the lubricant is increased. If it is more than 21% by weight, the alkalinity of the lubricant is increased and the forging work is poor. Can be. When the amount of the inorganic lubricant is 6 to 35% by weight and less than 6% by weight, the lubricity of the forging is inferior, and when the amount is more than 35% by weight, the manufacturing cost is high and economical efficiency is lowered and sedimentation stability is low.

When the amount of the metal rust inhibitor is 1 to 5% by weight and less than 1% by weight, the surface oxidation of the metal to be treated is severe and the quality of the forged product is lowered.

Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example are given and this invention is demonstrated in detail, this does not limit this invention.

[Examples 1 to 5]

In the amounts shown in Table 1, the higher fatty acids are melted at a high temperature of 80 ° C. or higher to form a liquid, and then dissolved by adding an inorganic alkaline agent and a metal rust preventive agent in a separately metered amount of water, and the inorganic lubricant powder is dispersed in an aqueous solution. Thereafter, the solution (or paste) is added to the molten higher fatty acid and stirred to prepare a black gray lubricating agent.

The coating test is to dissolve and disperse 50-200 g of the concentrated powder prepared above in a hot water of about 90 ° C. so that the total capacity is 1 liter and disperse to a homogeneous solution of 9-13.

Thereafter, the lubricating solution was heated to about 70 to 90 DEG C, the forging material was deposited for about 1 to 5 minutes, dried by hot air at about 170 DEG C, and the dry weight of the forging material, that is, about 1.5 to 12.0 g / m2. This is applied to the surface of the raw material so as to complete the application of the forging lubricant.

After checking the pH, sedimentation stability and defoaming force of the lubricating agent diluted with the concentrated powder thus prepared, the surface condition of the lubricated forging and the salt spray test and the lubrication and pigment volatility during forging were evaluated and evaluated. Made.

[Test result]

The anti-corrosive effect of rust preventive effect was over 2 hours when used at 2.0% in 5% salt spray test and over 3 hours at 3.0%. Therefore, it was judged that there was no problem even if the addition amount was only about 2-3%.

The defoaming power has a defoaming power of the higher fatty acid salts themselves, so the problem of defoaming is not necessary from the beginning.

Sedimentation stability, when diluted to the concentration of use (about 80 ℃), when left, gelation readily occurs at the same time as natural cooling, there was no phase separation and sediment formation.

The coating condition, lubricity and pigment volatility were all excellent in the forging test.

TABLE 1

Example  One Example  2 Example  3 Example  4 Example  5 Comparative example Criteria (w.t%) Manufacturing compounding ratio Purified water 25 26 46 Remaining water G room mountain Lauric acid 30 - 20 - - 28-55 Stearic acid - 36 - 38 42 Oleic acid - - 30 10 - egg Ka Lee My Sodium hydroxide 5 - - - 7 3 to 21 Potassium hydroxide - 5 5 7 - Zinc hydroxide - - 14 8 - Yun bow My MoS2 15 10 7 - 12 6 to 35 black smoke 8 5 - 7 8 Zinc oxide - - 3 2 mountain room My Sodium nitrite - 4 - 2 3 1 to 5 Molybdate ammonium 5 - One - - Solids (w.t%) 63 60 77 75 74 54 58-78 Total (%) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Property evaluation result ( diluent *2) Dilute solid content (%) 6.3 6.0 7.7 7.5 7.4 5.4 12 to 45 Concentration pH 9.6 10.0 12.3 11.8 10.9 8.5 9.0-13.0 Diluent Antirust (Time) * 3 3.0 or higher 3.0 or higher 1.5 or more 2.0 or higher 3.0 or higher 0.5 1.5 or more Salt spray Leveling coating property * 3 Great Great Great Great Great Bad Good or better Visual observation Lubricity * 3 Great Great Great Great Great Good Good or better Forging observation Sedimentation Stability Great Great Great Great Great Bad Good or better Visual observation Parcel time (minutes) Within 3 minutes Within 3 minutes Within 3 minutes Within 3 minutes Within 3 minutes Within 60 minutes Within 3 minutes Visual observation Pigment volatility * 3 Great Great Great Great Great Good Good or better Forging observation

* 1 Comparative example: Metal soap lubricating agent for cold forging produced by domestic (S company)

* 2 Diluent: A solution prepared as a homogeneous solution by dissolving and dispersing 100 g of concentrated powder in a hot water of about 90 ° C. to a total capacity of 1 liter.

* 3 Forged material coating: The diluent is heated to about 80 ℃, the forged material is deposited for about 3 minutes and applied to the surface of the material, and dried by hot air at about 170 ℃.

As described above, the metal soap lubricating agent in the cold forging process of the present invention has excellent sedimentation stability and antifoaming power, very low volatility of the pigment during forging, and improves the lubricity of the forging product and the mold. It prevents seizure, prevents seizure, obtains high-precision products, and has excellent effects on extending the life of molds and rust resistance of forged products.

Claims (6)

A metal soap lubricating agent composition in a cold forging process, wherein the metal soap lubricating agent composition comprises a high fatty acid, an inorganic alkali, an inorganic lubricant, a rust preventive agent, and the remainder of purified water. The cold forging process according to claim 1, wherein 28 to 55% by weight of the higher fatty acid, 3 to 21% by weight of the inorganic alkali agent, 6 to 35% by weight of the inorganic lubricant, 1 to 5% by weight of the rust preventive agent and the rest are made of purified water. Metal soap lubricating agent composition The metal soap lubricating agent composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the higher fatty acid is composed of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids having 4 to 22 carbon atoms. The method of claim 3, wherein the saturated fatty acid refers to butyric acid, Lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and the unsaturated fatty acid is oleic acid. , Linoleic acid (Linoleic Acid), linolenic acid (Linolenic Acid), etc., metal soap lubricating agent composition in the cold forging process, characterized in that mixing one or more of them. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the inorganic lubricant is molybdenum disulfide, graphite, borax, zinc oxide, sodium polyphosphate, potassium polyphosphate and the like, cold forging, characterized in that mixing one or more of them. Metal soap lubricating composition in the process. The cold forging according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rust preventive agent refers to sodium nitrite, potassium nitrite, sodium molybdate, potassium molybdate, ammonium molybdate, and the like, and one or more of them are mixed. Metal soap lubricating agent composition in the process.