CN107523404B - Water-based antirust metal cold forging lubricant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water-based antirust metal cold forging lubricant and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
- C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
- C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
- C10M2201/084—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/14—Synthetic waxes, e.g. polythene waxes
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/18—Natural waxes, e.g. ceresin, ozocerite, bees wax, carnauba; Degras
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/08—Amides
- C10M2215/082—Amides containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-based antirust metal cold forging lubricant and a preparation method thereof, and is characterized in that: the lubricant is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 2-12% of inorganic basic component, 7-30% of solid lubricant, 1-3% of surfactant, 2-10% of water-based film forming agent, 0.1-1% of antirust agent, 0.05-0.1% of defoaming agent and the balance of water. The water-based antirust metal cold forging lubricant disclosed by the invention enables metal parts after cold forging not to need subsequent antirust treatment, because the water-based antirust metal cold forging lubricant can form a layer of film with antirust performance on the surface of a workpiece by adding the weight and the dosage of an organic antirust agent and combining film-forming agents, lubricants and other components which interact with each other and are synergistic; the formation of the film effectively protects the surface of the workpiece, prevents the surface from being rusted and improves the quality of the workpiece.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal manufacturing and processing, and particularly relates to a water-based antirust metal cold forging lubricant for cold forging processing and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, a cold forging process has been widely used in the manufacture of parts in the automobile industry, and a lubricating process is used in the cold forging process for the purpose of reducing friction caused by metal contact between a workpiece and a machine or a die and preventing seizure. The conventional lubricant application methods (phosphaponification) are: the zinc phosphate and the metal substrate are compounded to generate a coating (phosphorization), then the part is immersed into a hot bath of alkaline soap (saponification), the alkaline soap reacts with the zinc phosphate, and finally zinc stearate is generated to obtain lubricity. Although the traditional process has good effect, a plurality of additional environmental problems are brought: heavy metal phosphates which must be recovered for disposal; the washing tank needs to consume a large amount of water; a degreasing tank, a neutralization tank, a pickling tank and the like are replaced periodically; a large amount of waste water containing grease, acid and soap is produced.
Therefore, the novel water-based lubricating process gradually gains more attention and application. The novel water-based lubricants are mostly prepared by compounding inorganic or high molecular organic lubricants with other components. Representative of the former, company D, developed a Daido AquaLub (E16) based on phosphorus-containing compounds and solid lubricants that have adsorption capacity on metal surfaces. Typically, such lubricants have a chemical composition of: 5-10 parts by volume of calcium compound (the same applies below); 1-5% of water-soluble inorganic salt; 0.5-1% of phosphorus-containing organic compound; 5 to 10 percent of lubricant surfactant; 5-10% of synthetic alcohol, 5-10% of water-insoluble inorganic salt and 60-80% of water. Representative of polymer lubricants, japanese P company has developed a single-bath water-based polymer lubricant for cold forging of steel, which is mainly composed of an inorganic salt as a base component and paraffin or synthetic resin as a lubricant, and auxiliary materials including a surfactant, water, and the like. The novel lubricant is usually used by simple treatment of immersing and drying in a lubricant solution to realize coating of the lubricant on metal parts, so that the prior lubricating process of a cold forging process is simplified, and the discharge amount of industrial wastes is reduced by 80-90%.
However, the synthetic resin, which is a typical lubricating component, is dissolved or dispersed in a lubricant, and the high lubricity on high-frequency automatic cold forging machine equipment is not stable. And the most important problem is that the use of such lubricants makes the surface of the cold-forged part covered with a layer of lubricating substance, in which a considerable mass percentage of surfactant (polyoxyethylene alkyl ether or tween series) is required to be added due to the dispersion of the active ingredient, which makes the surface of the cold-forged product extremely water-absorbent. After the common cold forging products are processed, the common cold forging products need 7-15 days to be transported to other subsequent factory processing lines, so that the cold forging products are easy to rust and the like if the products coming out of the one-liquid lubrication-cold forging production line are not subjected to subsequent treatment, and the working procedures of hot water cleaning, antirust liquid coating, antirust oil spraying and the like are usually required to be added if the antirust treatment is carried out; and because the traditional phosphorization saponification lubricating process does not use a surfactant, the produced product does not need subsequent complex cleaning and rust-proof treatment. The advantage of the one-liquid lubrication process in terms of time saving and cost becomes less significant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a water-based antirust metal cold forging lubricant which effectively prevents products from rusting, does not need antirust treatment and can be aged for a long time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a water-based antirust metal cold forging lubricant is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 2-12% of inorganic basic component, 7-30% of solid lubricant, 1-3% of surfactant, 2-10% of water-based film forming agent, 0.1-1% of antirust agent, 0.05-0.1% of defoaming agent and the balance of water.
The inorganic basic component is water-soluble inorganic salt which is dissolved in the water-based lubricant and forms a lubricating layer with certain hardness and strength on the surface of the metal part after being dried. The inorganic salt is preferably at least one of sodium sulfate, sodium borate, sodium tetraborate and sodium molybdate, or is mixed according to requirements, and generally accounts for 2-12% of the lubricant by mass percent.
The solid lubricant comprises graphite, molybdenum disulfide and wax, and is combined and compounded for use according to the lubricating requirements of cold forging processing, so that the lubricating effect in the cold forging process is provided. The wax can be preferably polyethylene wax, microcrystalline wax, palm wax and other products or emulsion thereof for compounding. Typical mass percentage ranges are as follows: 1-10% of graphite, 5-15% of molybdenum disulfide and 1-5% of wax. The graphite, the molybdenum disulfide and the wax are used in cooperation as the fixed lubricant, because the lubricating characteristics of various lubricants at different temperatures and different pressures are different, for example, the lubricating characteristic of the molybdenum disulfide at high temperature is far stronger than that of the wax and the graphite, but the molybdenum disulfide and the graphite can provide better lubricating effect at the initial stage of the forging process, and the reasonable proportioning adjustment has good help effect on adapting to different forging process requirements.
The surfactant can be selected from common nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants and anionic surfactants. Common nonionic surfactants are preferably polyoxyethylene alkyl ester series, sorbitan alkyl ester, etc., anionic surfactants are preferably fatty acid salts, sulfonates, etc., as referred to, and cationic surfactants are preferably such as common fatty acid ammonium salts, etc. The surfactant can be used singly or in a mixed way, and generally accounts for 1-3% of the water-based antirust metal cold forging lubricant by mass. The lubricants of the present invention are selected because the different surfactants act to disperse the wax and other insoluble components, so that the resulting compounded solution can be stored stably without rapid precipitation.
The aqueous film forming agent is dissolved in water and dried to precipitate a substance which is adsorbed on the surface of a metal part to form a layer of compact film structure, and preferably polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyethylene oxide (polyoxyethylene, PEO), polypropylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), phytate and the like. The above film-forming agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
The antirust agent can be selected from two types, one type is a compound antirust agent of ethanolamine and acid, and the other type can be a polyol ester antirust agent. The ethanolamine and the acid can be compounded by adopting monoethanolamine or diethanolamine to react with lauric acid and the like to generate lauric acid ethanol amide, and the polyol ester can be selected from sorbitan monooleate. The rust inhibitor of the invention can endow forged parts with a long-term rust-proof effect after forging through screening.
The defoaming agent can be selected from common organic silicon defoaming agents to solve the adverse effect caused by using a surfactant in the compounding process.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the lubricant, which comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) sequentially adding the water-based film forming agent and the antirust agent into part of water in the formula proportion, and stirring for 5-20 minutes at normal temperature to obtain the film forming agent containing the antirust agent;
(2) adding the electrodeless basic components and part of water in the formula proportion into a reaction kettle, stirring for 20-40 minutes at normal temperature, then adding the surfactant and the solid lubricant, and stirring for 50-70 minutes at 40-60 ℃; and (3) finally mixing the water-based antirust cold forging lubricant with the film forming agent prepared in the step (1) and stirring for 20-40 minutes to obtain the water-based antirust cold forging lubricant.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
(1) the water-based antirust metal cold forging lubricant disclosed by the invention enables metal parts after cold forging not to need subsequent antirust treatment, because the water-based antirust metal cold forging lubricant can form a layer of film with antirust performance on the surface of a workpiece by adding the weight and the dosage of an organic antirust agent and combining film-forming agents, lubricants and other components which interact with each other and are synergistic; the formation of the film effectively protects the surface of the workpiece, prevents the surface from being rusted and improves the quality of the workpiece.
(2) The three effective components of the water-based antirust metal cold forging lubricant have different characteristics, namely microcrystalline wax, graphite and molybdenum disulfide; although the forging process is short in time, the process can be divided into an initial stage, a middle stage and a final stage, the forging original piece and the die are in different temperatures and friction states in the three stages, and the three components enable the initial stage, the middle stage and the forging of the forging process to be well lubricated. The lubricating performance on a high-frequency cold forging process line is comprehensively improved, the performance is stable, and the problem of pollutant discharge of the traditional phosphorus saponification process is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the effect of the lubricant (untreated metal block on the left and coated metal block on the right).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described with reference to examples. The following examples are presented to assist the skilled person in further understanding the invention but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and those modifications are within the scope of the present invention.
Two embodiments of the present invention are provided below.
Example 1: a water-based antirust metal cold forging lubricant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8% of sodium tetraborate, 5% of graphite, 12% of molybdenum disulfide, 3% of polyethylene wax, 1% of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 7% of polyethylene glycol, 0.5% of sorbitan monooleate and 63.5% of deionized water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) adding 7 parts of polyethylene glycol and 0.5 part of sorbitan monooleate into 13.5 parts of water in sequence, and stirring for 15 minutes at normal temperature to obtain a film-forming agent containing an antirust agent component; (2) adding 8 parts of sodium tetraborate and 50 parts of water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 30 minutes at normal temperature, then adding 1 part of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (corresponding surfactant), 5 parts of graphite, 12 parts of molybdenum disulfide and 3 parts of polyethylene wax, and stirring for 60 minutes at 50 ℃; and (3) finally mixing the water-based antirust cold forging lubricant with the film forming agent prepared in the step (1) and stirring for 30 minutes to obtain the water-based antirust cold forging lubricant.
Example 2: a water-based antirust metal cold forging lubricant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 6% of potassium tetraborate, 4% of graphite, 15% of molybdenum disulfide, 2% of microcrystalline wax (< 5 um), 1% of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 8% of inositol hexaphosphate, 1% of lauric acid ethanolamide and 63% of deionized water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) sequentially adding 8 parts of phytic acid ester and 1 part of lauric acid ethanolamide into 18 parts of water, and stirring for 15 minutes at normal temperature to obtain a film-forming agent containing an antirust agent component; (2) adding 6 parts of potassium tetraborate and 45 parts of water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 30 minutes at normal temperature, then adding 1 part of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 4 parts of graphite, 15 parts of molybdenum disulfide and 2 parts of microcrystalline wax, and stirring for 50 minutes at 60 ℃; and (3) finally mixing the water-based antirust cold forging lubricant with the film forming agent prepared in the step (1) and stirring for 30 minutes to obtain the water-based antirust cold forging lubricant.
As shown in figure 1: left is the untreated metal block and right is the metal block after coating (lubricant according to the invention); the lubricant prepared by the invention can form a compact protective film on the surface of a metal block, effectively prevent the corrosion of metal and protect the product with longer time.
In addition, the left untreated metal block and the right coated metal block were stored in a constant temperature and humidity (temperature 50 to 55 ℃ C., humidity 98%) test chamber for 1000 hours, and the measured metal blocks were visually observed as follows:
metal block after coating film: the rust area is almost zero;
untreated metal blocks: the rusted area is more than 25 percent.
Therefore, the lubricant of the present invention has good rust inhibitive performance.
Claims (6)
1. A water-based antirust metal cold forging lubricant is characterized in that: the lubricant is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 2-12% of an inorganic basic component, 7-30% of a solid lubricant, 1-3% of a surfactant, 2-10% of a water-based film forming agent, 0.1-1% of an antirust agent, 0.05-0.1% of a defoaming agent and the balance of water; the aqueous film forming agent is one or a mixture of polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and phytic acid ester; the inorganic basic component is water-soluble inorganic salt, specifically at least one or a mixture of sodium sulfate, sodium tetraborate and sodium molybdate; the solid lubricant comprises a mixture of graphite, molybdenum disulfide and wax, wherein the mass percentage of the three components in the cold forging lubricant is 1-10% of graphite, 5-15% of molybdenum disulfide and 1-5% of wax.
2. The water-based rust-preventive metal cold forging lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wax is one or more of polyethylene wax, microcrystalline wax and palm wax or emulsion thereof.
3. The water-based rust-preventive metal cold forging lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surfactant is nonionic surfactant, cationic surfactant or anionic surfactant.
4. The water-based rust-preventive metal cold forging lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rust inhibitor is of two types, one is a compound rust inhibitor of ethanolamine and acid, and the other is a polyol ester rust inhibitor: the ethanolamine and the acid are compounded by adopting monoethanolamine or diethanolamine to react with lauric acid to generate lauric acid ethanol amide, and the polyalcohol ester is sorbitan monooleate.
5. The water-based rust-preventive metal cold forging lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the defoaming agent is an organic silicon defoaming agent.
6. The method for producing a water-based rust-inhibitive metal cold forging lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially adding the water-based film forming agent and the antirust agent into part of water in the formula proportion, and stirring for 5-20 minutes at normal temperature to obtain the film forming agent containing the antirust agent;
(2) adding the inorganic basic components and part of water in the formula proportion into a reaction kettle, stirring for 20-40 minutes at normal temperature, then adding the surfactant and the solid lubricant, and stirring for 50-70 minutes at 40-60 ℃; and (3) finally mixing the water-based antirust metal cold forging lubricant with the film forming agent prepared in the step (1) and stirring for 20-40 minutes to obtain the water-based antirust metal cold forging lubricant.
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| CN115340900B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2024-02-13 | 福建嘉富顿环保科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly water-based honing liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN116751622B (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2024-04-02 | 泰伦特生物工程股份有限公司 | Low-odor high-rust-resistance corrosion-inhibition cutting fluid and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101646758A (en) * | 2007-03-27 | 2010-02-10 | 新日本石油株式会社 | Lubricating oil composition |
| CN102703186A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-10-03 | 衡阳市金化科技有限公司 | Medium-temperature high-efficiency cold drawing lubricant and preparation method thereof |
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| JPS5849799A (en) * | 1981-09-17 | 1983-03-24 | Nippon Steel Chem Co Ltd | Lubricant composition for high temperature |
| AU2001282601A1 (en) * | 2000-09-05 | 2002-03-22 | Honda Motor Co. Ltd. | Aqueous one step type lubricating agent for efficient cold forging |
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