KR100717210B1 - The Composition of Clean Energy-saving Surface Lubricant For Cold Pozing Process - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an energy-saving clean cold forging white surface lubricant composition for forming a lubricating film on the surface of a material before molding in a cold forging process, the object of which is the cold forging using the water-soluble surface lubricant treatment agent of the present invention The surface lubricating agent in the process saves more than 75% of energy by removing the burn coating process that causes the most water quality and air pollution in 10 processes, and forging by coating the forging with lubricant directly. Minimizes the occurrence of water pollution by more than 90%, suppresses the generation of steam, greatly improves the working environment by more than 50%, and conventionally used molybdenum disulfide, graphite, carbon, etc. around the workplace after forging, workers and forgings As it is contaminated with black and looks aesthetically bad and pollutes the surrounding environment. By developing black materials such as molybdenum disulfide, graphite, and carbon, and developing them as white materials, they have the effects of cleanliness of the surrounding environment, cost reduction, quality improvement of forgings, and simplification of work processes. Excellent defoaming power, very low volatility of pigment during forging, improve lubricity of forging products and molds, prevent seizure, obtain high-precision products, and extend mold life by mold protection Cold forging surface lubricating agent that has excellent effect on the rust resistance of forging and forging products Phosphoric acid or phosphate 45-95% by weight, metal oxide 5-55% by weight, the concentration of the aqueous dispersion when dispersed in water is 5-45% by weight in solids, thus, 4.5-27% by weight aqueous solution and phosphate %, Metal oxide 0.5-16% by weight, the rest is characterized by consisting of purified water.

Cold Forging, Lubricating Film, Lubricant, Phosphate, Metal Oxide

Description

The composition of Clean Energy-saving Surface Lubricant For Cold Pozing Process

The present invention relates to an energy saving clean cold forging white surface lubricant composition.

In general, forging is one of metal processing methods for pressing and deforming metal lumps or thick plates, and there are hot forging to be processed at high temperature and cold forging to be processed at warmer and room temperature lower than hot. While this cold forging can achieve high precision, surface lubrication is required.

Surface lubrication in cold forging is performed in advance to produce a mixed film of zinc phosphate, metal lubricating film, and metal soap, lubricating agent, on the surface of the material in order to improve the lubricity of the product during processing and to prevent sticking with the mold. .

In the conventional surface lubrication treatment, the scale formed on the surface is removed by degreasing and pickling processes, and then chemically treated with phosphate to coat the coating, neutralize it, preheat it, and apply sodium soap to the surface of the material and mold during cold forging. By preventing direct contact, it prevents seizure during molding and maintains the life of mold.

In the conventional surface lubrication treatment, ten processes of degreasing, washing, acid treatment, washing, washing, hot washing, chemical coating, washing, neutralizing, lubricating and drying after shot blasting are sequentially performed. Fill the chemicals in the tank, load the material into the tank filled with chemicals, process it for the corresponding time, move to the next process when it is completed, and take out the product when these 10 processes are completed.

The first process of the conventional surface lubrication operation is a degreasing process, and the most widely used method in the field of cold forging is alkali degreasing.

Alkaline degreasing agents are inexpensive, effective in removing all contaminants in a single operation, and are easy to control.

Alkaline degreasing agents, however, must have saponification and emulsification capabilities, contain colloidal additives, and must be able to be removed from the wash.

As a material that can be used as the alkali degreasing agent, the basic one is an alkali surface active agent (Alkali Surface Active Agent). Surfactants reduce surface tension due to strong wettability even at low temperatures, and also have excellent emulsifying and dispersing properties.

The alkali degreasing agent should be able to firstly remove burnt-on carbon smut of carbon produced during heat treatment or pickling, and secondly, to remove grease and oil. Since it should be possible to remove the phosphate and soap residues produced after cold working, the alkaline degreasing agent should be chosen to satisfy the above conditions.

After the degreasing process, two stages of washing are performed, followed by a pickling process. Scales are formed on the surface of iron or steel products manufactured by heat treatment or hot forming. In order to remove these scales, shot blasting is performed before the process is introduced into the process. If picked up, carry out pickling. In the cold forging process, since the shot blasting is generally performed, pickling is necessary to increase the surface area of the base to increase the formation of zinc phosphate coating and the weight of the coating to increase the formability of cold forging.

After pickling, washing with rinse and hot water is followed by a zinc phosphate coating process. Zinc phosphate film increases the formability during cold forging, and helps the adhesion of soap in the post-lubrication process.

The solution used in the zinc phosphate coating process forms a film by attack of free acid on the steel surface and precipitation of phosphate crystals. Therefore, when some iron is dissolved into the solution, iron and zinc phosphate (Iron and Zinc Phosphate) adhere to the steel surface and form a film. The chemical phenomena involved are quite complex, but can be represented simply as:

First, due to the interaction between the metal surface and the free phosphoric acid, the first pickling reaction produces a ferrous phosphate ([Ferrous Phosphate / [2Fe (H2PO4) 2]) by the reaction of iron (Fe) and phosphoric acid.

Next, a local pH increase at the interface between the metal and the solution produces insoluble zinc phosphate (Zinc Phosphate / [Zn 3 (PO 4) 2]). In solution Zn (H 2 PO 4) 2 is in equilibrium with insoluble Zn 3 (PO 4) 2 and H 3 PO 4. Therefore, when reversing the reaction or adding free phosphoric acid to the working solution, soluble zinc phosphate is produced only when free phosphoric acid is reduced by contact with iron.

Therefore, after the zinc phosphate coating is treated as an overall reaction mechanism for precipitation deposition of the phosphate coating, it is washed with water and a neutralizing (Neutralising Rinse) process is performed.

The neutralization process is a process to increase the effect of the metal soap in the lubrication process, which is a post-process, the solution used in the neutralized water washing should be kept constant by the addition regularly.

However, even with regular chemicals, neutralized water is gradually contaminated and loses its effectiveness, and therefore the solution must be disposed of regularly. In general, it is good to re-bath once a week, and it is very important to manage the neutralized washing solution. Metal soap bath is the most expensive and its management is also important.

After the neutralization process, a metal lubrication process is performed. In the case of cold heading, reactive soap not only produces the lubrication required for single hole sizing or the draw of a calibration pass, but also continues with the multi-level heading that follows. To provide a suitable residual lubricant.

The metal soap is added to extend the lifespan, these main ingredients are high grade sodium stearate, corrosion inhibitors, reaction additives to promote the reaction with the phosphate coating, and to overcome the curing of water It consists of the components of the salt for.

As described above, the present invention has been devised to solve a complex process and environmental problems, and an object of the present invention is degreasing after washing with short-blasting in a conventional lubricating process in which about 10 processes are sequentially performed. Treatment-Washing-Washing-Chemical coating-Washing-Neutralization-Lubrication-Drying 10 steps of short blasting, followed by short blasting-Lubrication-Drying The energy cost generated by heating to 60 ~ 90 ℃ can be achieved by heating the temperature of 40 ~ 60 ℃ in two processes of hot water and lubrication of the present invention, energy saving of about 75% or more, degreasing, hot water, chemical coating, The chemical pollution generated in the neutralization and lubrication process and wastewater from the discharge of the flushing water of each process can be reduced, which can drastically reduce the environmental pollution by more than 90%. The work environment is also improved by more than 50% by suppressing the generation of waste water and steam.

In addition, molybdenum disulfide, graphite, carbon, and the like are conventionally used, so that the periphery of the workplace after the forging, the worker and the forging are contaminated in black, and thus are aesthetically inferior, and contaminate the surrounding environment. The problem was solved by developing black material such as molybdenum disulfide, graphite, carbon, and the like as a white material. Therefore, after the short blasting, the cold forging material is directly preheated without the chemical coating, and seven processes such as degreasing, washing with water, acid treatment, washing with water, chemical washing, neutralization, etc. are omitted, and after applying cold forging lubricant, It is shortened to three processes that can be dried for cold forging, and provides an energy-saving clean cold forging white surface lubricant composition with a clean surrounding environment.

When explaining the energy saving type clean forging white surface lubricant composition in the cold forging process according to the present invention for achieving the above object in detail as follows.

The lubricating agent according to the present invention is an aqueous white lubricating agent concentrate in which 5 to 45% by weight of total solids are dispersed, and when the lubricating agent is applied, the total solid is diluted to a concentration of 3.0 to 15.0% and used. It is preferable to apply | coat to the surface of a raw material so that a treatment agent may be deposited or sprayed so that it may become the surface area of a forging material, ie, the weight of about 1.5-15.0 g / m <2>.

Therefore, the new lubricating agent used in the present invention is a lubricating agent concentrate for blending lubricating agent for cold forging of metal and satisfies cold forging with high strain rate, and is basically an aqueous white liquid to protect environment, workplace hygiene and environment, And it was developed for the purpose of providing a product which is easily removed after forging.

The lubricating agent developed for the purpose as described above is a liquid concentrate of a medium viscosity white color, total solid content of 5-45% by weight, the compounding material is a phosphoric acid or an aqueous dispersion solution of phosphate and metal oxide, and the phosphate is an alkali metal salt of phosphoric acid. Or phosphoric acid having a pH of 1% aqueous solution of 5.0 or less, for example, sodium monophosphate (Mono Sodium Phosphate / NaH2PO4), monopotassium phosphate (Ko2PO4), monocalcium phosphate (Mono Calcium Phosphate / Ca) (H2PO4) 2H2O), Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate / Na2H2P2O7, Acidic Sodium Metaphosphate / NaxHy (PO3) x + y, and the metal oxide is B2O3 / Boric Oxide, Magnesium oxide (MgO / Magnesium Oxide), aluminum oxide (Al2O3 / Aluminium Trioxide), titanium oxide (TiO2 / Titanium Trioxide), manganese oxide (MnO / Manganius Oxide), zinc oxide (ZnO / Zinc Oxide), tin oxide (SnO / Stannous Oxide) and Sb2O3 / antimony trioxide The.

Here, the total solid content of phosphoric acid or phosphate is 45-95% by weight, the metal oxide is 5-55% by weight, the concentration of the aqueous dispersion when dispersed in water is 5-45% by weight of solids to be. Therefore, when it is described on the basis of the aqueous solution, the phosphoric acid and phosphate is 4.5-27% by weight, the metal oxide is 0.5-16% by weight, the rest of the energy-saving clean cold forging white surface lubricant composition on the premise that consists of water will be.

The lubricating agent concentrate prepared in the above composition ratio can be delivered as a white aqueous concentrate, and when applying lubricating agent, the total solid content is diluted to a concentration of 3.0 to 15.0%, and the lubricating agent is deposited or sprayed. It is preferable to apply | coat it to the surface of a raw material so that it may become the surface area of a forging material, ie, the weight of about 1.5-15.0 g / m <2>.

In the above composition ratio, when phosphoric acid or phosphate is 45-95% by weight and less than 45% by weight, the solubility to metal oxides is poor and sedimentation stability is poor. Is poor, and when it is more than 95% by weight, the lubricity is poor,

When the metal oxide is 5-55% by weight and less than 5% by weight, the viscosity is low, the lubricity is low, and when it is more than 55% by weight, the dimensional tolerance between the forging and the mold is so large that the quality of the forging and the life of the mold are increased. It may drop, and the viscosity may be so high that the leveling is poor when coating the forging, and the forging operation may be poor.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1-5

Purified water is added to a stirring vessel at room temperature in the amounts shown in Table 1 below, and dissolved by adding phosphoric acid or phosphate therein to form an aqueous solution, and a metal oxide powder prepared in advance is gradually added thereto to be sufficiently dissolved and dispersed.

Thereafter, the homogeneous solution is placed in a ball mill, the ceramic ball is placed at 100% of the mixed solution height, milled at room temperature for 72 hours, and then purified water is added to dilute the total solid to 3.0 to 15.0%. The lubricating solution is heated to room temperature or about 70-90 ° C. to deposit or spray the forged material and apply it to the surface of the material so as to have a surface area of the forged material, that is, about 1.5 to 15.0 g / m 2, and dry by hot air. The application of the forging lubricant is completed.

After confirming the pH, viscosity, and sedimentation stability of the lubricating agent prepared as described above, Table 1 was prepared by observing the surface condition of the lubricated forging and the lubricity and pigment volatility during forging.

[Test result]

Sedimentation stability did not occur when 72 hours after diluting to the concentration of use (total solids 3.0 ~ 15.0%), and sediment was easily re-dispersed with light vibration.

The coating condition, lubricity and pigment volatility were all excellent in the forging test.

TABLE 1

 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 standard Manufacturing compounding ratio Purified water 94.0 23.0 72.0 60.0 55-95 Phosphoric Acid (98%) 5.0 - - - 4.5-27 wt% sign mountain salt Sodium monophosphate - 12.0 - - Potassium phosphate monobasic - - 18.0 - Sodium Pyrophosphate - - - 25.0 mountain anger gold genus Boron oxide 1.0 - - - 0.5-16% by weight Aluminum oxide - 5.0 - - Titanium oxide - - 10.0 - Manganese oxide - - - 15.0 Total (%) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Property evaluation result Solid content (%) 6.0 17.0 28.0 40.0 5-45 pH 5.0 7.0 5.0 8.0 5.0-9.0 Leveling coating property Great Great Great Great Good or better Visual observation Lubricity Great Great Great Great Good or better Forging observation Sedimentation Stability Great Great Great Great Good or better Visual observation Pigment volatility Great Great Great Great Good or better Forging observation

The energy-saving clean cold forging white surface lubricant of the present invention removes the burn film process with the highest water quality and atmospheric environmental pollution in 10 processes, and removes black materials such as molybdenum disulfide, graphite, carbon, and the like. By developing the material, the environment of the workplace and the worker after forging and the appearance of the forging are clean, and forging by forging the lubricant directly on the forging saves more than 75% of energy and minimizes the occurrence of waste water. By reducing more than 90% and suppressing the generation of steam, the working environment is greatly improved by more than 50%, cost reduction, quality improvement of forgings, and simplification of work process, and also excellent sedimentation stability and defoaming power. Very low volatility of pigment during forging, improves lubricity of forging products and molds, prevents seizure, and high precision It is possible to obtain a product, and has an excellent effect on the life extension of the mold by the mold protection and the rust resistance of the forged product.

Claims (7)

Lubricating agent composition, energy-saving clean cold forging white surface lubricant composition, characterized in that consisting of an aqueous dispersion of phosphoric acid or phosphate and metal oxides The energy-saving clean cold forging white surface lubricant composition according to claim 1, wherein the phosphate is made of an alkali metal salt of phosphoric acid. According to claim 1, wherein the phosphate is 1% aqueous solution of the energy-saving clean cold forging white surface lubricant composition, characterized in that consisting of phosphate of 5.0 or less. The method of claim 1, wherein the phosphate is mono sodium phosphate (Mono Sodium Phosphate / NaH 2 PO 4), mono potassium phosphate (Mono Potassium Phosphate / KH 2 PO 4), mono calcium phosphate (Mono Calcium Phosphate / Ca (H 2 PO 4) 2 H 2 O), acidic Energy-saving clean cold forging white surface comprising one or more of sodium pyrophosphate / Na2H2P2O7 and acidic sodium phosphate / NaxHy (PO3) x + y Lubricant composition. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal oxide is boron oxide (B 2 O 3 / Boric Oxide), magnesium oxide (MgO / Magnesium Oxide), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 / Aluminum Trioxide), titanium oxide (TiO 2 / Titanium Trioxide), manganese oxide (MnO) Energy-saving clean cold brief, consisting of one or more of Manganius Oxide, ZnO / Zinc Oxide, Tin Oxide / Sannous Oxide, and Antimony Trioxide (Sb2O3 / antimony trioxide) Crude white surface lubricant composition.       The energy-saving clean cold forging white surface lubricant composition according to claim 1, wherein the phosphoric acid or phosphate is 45-95% by weight, and the metal oxide is 5-55% by weight. The energy-saving clean cold forging white surface lubricant composition according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the aqueous dispersion solution is 5-45% by weight in solid content.