KR100711087B1 - Hopper for food waste processing equipments and food waste processing method using the hopper - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention improves the turbidity of leachate by inhibiting the destruction of food capsules by dehydration by mixing, and the hopper for food waste treatment equipment for pretreatment to promote fermentation in the fermentation apparatus by preliminarily fermenting the dehydrated food waste, This hopper is to provide food waste treatment method which contributes to water quality improvement and fermentation promotion of leachate discharged by using hopper, and dehydration by mixing the food wastes by reverse driving the reversible screw conveyor while the food wastes are staying. And a dehydration aerator for reducing the water content primarily by aeration of the leachate containing salt and heavy metals to lower turbidity and to discharge the wastewater to the wastewater treatment system, and by injecting and drying hot air; Firstly, the processed food waste is recirculated with a reversible screw conveyor, dehydrated again, mixed with microorganisms, supplied with warm air, dried and fermented, and the leachate is aerated to lower the turbidity and discharge it. A hopper configured to be performed in a large hopper;

 In the hopper, while the water content is lowered to a level suitable for full-scale fermentation by mixing and aeration, and drying and aeration, the destruction of food capsules is suppressed as much as possible, and the turbidity of leachate is lowered by lowering turbidity of leachate. To prevent contamination of the food, and fermentation is also characterized in that the food waste treatment method to be processed quickly and smoothly.

Description

Hopper for food waste processing equipments and food waste processing method using the hopper}

 1 is a conceptual diagram of a food waste treatment facility associated with the hopper of the present invention

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the hopper according to the present invention (dehydration aeration process)

3 is a plan view of the copper

4 is a preliminary effect

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: Hopper 13: Reversible Screw Conveyor

14: leaching tank 15: drying device

16: Aerator 17: Leachate outlet

18: Microbial Reservoir 19: Magnetic Separator

20: crusher 30: fermentation apparatus

The present invention suppresses the destruction of food capsules during dehydration by mixing while food wastes stay, thereby lowering the turbidity of leachate, so that even when discharged into rivers, the contamination of river water is low, leading to full-fledged fermentation through hot air supply and microbial decomposition. The present invention relates to a hopper for food waste treatment facility, which is also capable of preliminary fermentation, and a method for effectively fermenting food waste using the hopper.

Temporarily store the food waste transported by using the collecting vehicle in the hopper, move it to the crusher, crush the foreign matter, collect and collect the foreign matter such as vinyl debris, and then feed or ferment only the pure food trash according to the utilization method for composting. .

Patent No. 372163 is a related art related to food waste treatment facilities. In this prior art, the water content is very high, exceeding 90%, like the food waste put into any food waste treatment facility. When food wastes with high moisture content are transferred to a crushing sorting process from a temporary storage hopper, rice grains (capsules), which are especially rich in food waste, are crushed and turned into bamboo soup. Diluted bamboo water has high water content and small particles, so the air communication space between particles is very narrow, so fermentation is slow, turbidity of leachate is high, it takes long time to purify and waste water treatment cost is high.

In addition, the hopper for the temporary storage of food waste so far has not been proposed a technology for injecting microorganisms. And although the food waste in the hopper is not determined time, there is no reason to intentionally retain the food waste in the hopper because the food waste must be supplied without rest in order for subsequent processing to proceed continuously.

From this point of view, the hopper for food waste treatment facilities dehydrates food waste even if it purposely extends the residence time of food waste, and lowers the moisture content, and reduces fermentation time and preliminary fermentation by preliminary aging by the introduction of microorganisms and effective mixing and warmth. It is necessary to improve the structure in order to reduce the contamination of river water and reduce the cost of wastewater treatment by reducing the leachate turbidity by suppressing the destruction of food capsules while increasing the efficiency.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to reduce the water content by dehydration by mixing during food waste, shorten the post-treatment time, and to reduce the turbidity of the leachate by inhibiting the destruction of the food capsule in the process contributes to improving the quality of the effluent water In addition, by providing a preliminary fermentation prior to the fermentation in the fermentation apparatus to provide a hopper for food waste treatment equipment that can contribute to the promotion of fermentation and the improvement of fermentation efficiency.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a food waste treatment method that can effectively ferment food waste with improved water quality of the discharged water using the hopper.

In order to achieve the first object, the present invention is to reverse drive the reversible screw conveyor while the food waste is put in, while mixing the dehydrated food waste to dehydrate while suppressing the destruction of food capsules to lower the turbidity of leachate, salinity A dewatering aeration process primarily by lowering the water content by aeration of the leachate containing heavy metals and lowering the turbidity and then discharging it into the wastewater treatment system and by injecting warm air; The dehydrated food waste is dehydrated again by reverse driving the reversible screw conveyor, mixed with microorganisms, supplied with warm air, dried and fermented, and the leachate generated there is aerated to reduce turbidity and discharge. Provide a hopper configured to perform the process in one hopper.

In addition, the present invention as a way to achieve the second object, the present invention aims to reduce the turbidity of dehydration, drying, leachate by primary mixing in the hopper, and the introduction of microorganisms and warm air in the secondary treatment process Drying and preliminary fermentation are carried out by supply, while preliminary fermentation process to reduce turbidity of leachate by aeration is suppressed to destroy the capsule of food, which is a barrier to fermentation, and the turbidity of leachate is significantly reduced It provides a food waste treatment method that prevents contamination of river water due to discharge and treats fermentation to be carried out quickly and smoothly.

In FIG. 1, the collected food waste is temporarily stored and then sent to a crushing sorter 20 for crushing and screening foreign substances such as vinyl and chopsticks debris, and then only pure food waste is transferred to the fermentation device 30 for fermentation. The food waste treatment facility includes the hopper 10 of the present invention for temporarily storing food waste.

In FIG. 2, the hopper 10 is provided with a food waste inlet 12 which is opened and closed by a hatch 11 on the ceiling, and an inclined screw conveyor 13 is installed at the center of the width of the hopper 10. When the screw 13a of the screw conveyor 13 is driven back, the food waste in the hopper 10 is mixed while promoting dehydration, and the food waste is preliminarily fermented during the dwelling. The fermented food waste is reversible to be taken out to the shredding separator 20, and the upper half of the base 13c is heated so that the dehydrated and pre-fermented food waste in the hopper 10 can be introduced and taken out.

The lower half of the base end 13c immersed in the hopper 10 among the cylinders of the screw conveyor 13 is the perforated network 13b. The perforated network 13b is attached to the leachate so that the leachate which is dehydrated when the food waste is stirred in the hopper 10 is easily leaked to the leachate tank 14.

At the bottom of the hopper 10, a leachate chamber 14 is provided. The leachate chamber 14 temporarily stores and discharges leachate which is dehydrated while food waste is mixed by reverse driving of the screw conveyor 13 in the hopper 10, and injects hot air during dehydration while mixing food waste. At the time of drying, a drying device 15, a leaching water leached from leachate and food waste, and an aeration device 16 for aeration and purification to separate salts and heavy metals are provided, and the lowest place in the leachate chamber 14 is provided. The leachate outlet 17 is formed. Drying apparatus 15 is an electric heater (sheath heater), a nozzle-mounted hot air supply pipe, and the like. When the electric heater is applied, it is connected to an external power source. Connect.

One point away from the inlet 11 from the ceiling of the hopper 10 is also provided with a microbial reservoir 18 for storing and supplying microorganisms to facilitate the decomposition of food waste and to supply when needed.

Further, in the hopper 10, a magnet sorter 19 for adsorbing and sorting magnetic material mixed with food waste is suspended at a position slightly up from the position where the base end 13c of the screw conveyor 13 is located. The magnetic separator 19 is a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, which is suspended from the ceiling of the hopper 10 or the bottom of the hatch 11 and suspended from the lower end of the string 19a fixed in the hopper 10. After fermentation, it is taken out to the crusher 20, which is a subsequent processing device, and then the hatch 11 is opened, the hand is inserted into the inlet 12, the string 19a is pulled out, and the magnetic separator 19 is lifted out of the hopper 10. The magnetic material adsorbed therein is collected and reloaded to dehydrate and pre-ferment food waste.
3 is a plan view of the hopper 10. Reference numeral (a) denotes an exhaust port provided for diffusing gas generated in the process of processing food waste into the atmosphere.

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Next, a method of treating food waste using the hopper 10 will be described.

In FIG. 2, hot air generated in a hot air fan not shown in the drying device 15 is introduced by mixing the food waste b collected by the hatch 11 into the open inlet 12 and inverting and stirring the screw 13a. And the air generated by the aerator 16, which is also not shown, is injected.

Due to the low speed reverse rotation of the screw 13a, the food waste b gradually moves upward from the base end 13c of the screw conveyor 13, and as the motion continues, the food waste b slowly rotates in the direction of the arrow d1. Shuffled together. In this process, leachate, salinity, heavy metals, etc. of sewage and food waste are accumulated in the leachate chamber 14 through the lower part of the hopper 10 and the perforated network 13b, and the magnetic material flowing back along the food waste (b) is a magnetic sorter. Adsorbed to (19). Food waste (b) dehydrated by the warm air supplied through the drying device 15 is gradually dried from the bottom, the leachate (c) is aerated by the air supplied to the aeration device (16). This dewatering aeration process is sufficient for one day, and the leachate c after the dehydration aeration process is discharged to the leachate outlet 17.

In FIG. 4, after the dehydration aeration process, the screw 13a is driven back to continue mixing. Then, the water is dehydrated to the residual moisture in the food waste (b ') treated first, so that the moisture content is 65 to 68%. The turbidity is lowered by supplying warm air through the drying device 15 and aeration of the leachate c 'using the aeration device 16. An arrow d2 indicates the flow direction of the primary food waste b '.

Residual salinity and heavy metals of the primary food waste (b ') is mixed in the leaching tank 14 when the residual moisture is leached. In addition, the residual magnetic material is even adsorbed to the magnetic separator 19.

While opening the microorganism storage tank 18 in a timely manner, microorganisms are supplied to the food waste (b ') to promote fermentation.

Food waste (b ') is also heated to a temperature suitable for fermentation by warm air supplied from the drying device (15) and is simultaneously fermented while gradually drying from the bottom, and food waste by air supplied through the aeration device (16) The turbidity of the leachate c 'is lowered along with the air supply necessary for the fermentation of (b'). This preliminary fermentation is also sufficient for one day. The fermented food waste is sent to the crushing sorter 20 of FIG. 1 by driving the screw 13a forward, and the leachate having improved water quality is discharged to the leachate outlet 17 and adsorbed to the magnetic sorter 19. The magnetic material is collected and repositioned by pulling the magnetic separator 19 out of the inlet 12 after the dehydrated and pre-fermented food waste b 'is discharged. This preliminary fermentation process is also sufficient for one day.

The food capsules remain almost intact during food dehydration, dehydration, drying, and preliminary fermentation. This causes food turbidity to be crushed and changed to a thin bamboo bath when food waste with high moisture content is put into the crusher as it is, causing turbidity of the leachate, and the quality of the leachate is significantly lower than that of the conventional fermentation process. It is possible to send the food waste, which has been improved and preliminarily fermented with low water content, to the fermentation apparatus, so that the fermentation can be carried out quickly and efficiently.

The hopper 10 capable of performing such dehydration and leachate decrease in turbidity and preliminary fermentation functions, as illustrated in FIG. If the food waste treatment facility is designed so that all of the food waste discharged through dehydration and preliminary fermentation process from the hopper 10 is supplied to a set of crushing separators 20, the processing efficiency of the food waste can be improved to the maximum with no rest. have.

As described above, the hopper for food waste facility of the present invention is dehydrated and dried during the temporary storage of food waste collected by vehicles, deterioration of turbidity of leachate containing salt and heavy metals, and removal of foreign substances such as magnetic metal, and preliminary Red fermentation is possible.

In addition, since the destruction of food capsules during the dehydration and fermentation process by mixing can be suppressed as much as possible, turbidity of the leachate can be improved. As a result, contamination of the river water due to the discharge of the leachate can also be effectively prevented.

In addition, it is possible to shorten the fermentation time in the fermentation apparatus by adjusting the moisture content at an appropriate level by dehydration, drying and preliminary fermentation by adding microorganisms and supplying warmth, and greatly reducing fertilizer costs.

Claims (3)

In the ceiling, a food waste inlet 12 opened and closed by a hatch 11 and a microorganism storage container 18 for supplying microorganisms for promoting preliminary fermentation of food waste are installed, and in the center of the lower width, the food waste is stirred by reverse driving. In the lower half of the base 13c, a perforated network 13b capable of discharging leachate is attached, and a reversible screw conveyor 13 capable of carrying out food waste pre-fermentation by regular driving is installed, and a screw conveyor 13 is provided. A leachate chamber 14 for temporarily storing a leachate having a leachate outlet 17 is installed below, and a drying apparatus 15 for food waste to supply hot air into the food trash to dry the upper portion of the leachate chamber 14. In the lower part, aeration device 16 for leaching water is installed, and after taking out the pre-fermented food waste, it is easily taken out of the inlet 12 to collect the adsorbed magnetic material. Food waste treatment plant hoppers for the shop consisting of magnetic separator 19. Suspended from the lower surface of the ceiling or the hatch 11 of the hopper according to claim. The hopper for a food waste treatment facility according to claim 1, wherein the reversible screw conveyor (13) has a perforated portion (13b) in the hopper of the cylinder. While the food waste is moored in the hopper of claim 1, the reversible screw conveyor is driven back to dehydrate while mixing food waste, and the leachate containing salt and heavy metals is aerated to discharge the turbidity to lower turbidity, Magnetic material is dehydrated aeration process to be adsorbed to the magnetic separator; While mixing the first processed food waste by reversing the reversible screw It is dehydrated again so that the moisture content is 65 to 68%, and it is preliminarily fermented at the same time as the microorganism and the drying by hot air injection. The leachate is aerated to lower the turbidity and discharged, and the magnetic metal adsorbed to the magnetic separator is collected. Fermentation process; Food waste treatment method characterized in that proceed to.

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