KR100664669B1 - 초극세 섬유상의 고분자 전해질을 포함하는 리튬이차전지및 그 제조방법 - Google Patents
초극세 섬유상의 고분자 전해질을 포함하는 리튬이차전지및 그 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100664669B1 KR100664669B1 KR1020027015456A KR20027015456A KR100664669B1 KR 100664669 B1 KR100664669 B1 KR 100664669B1 KR 1020027015456 A KR1020027015456 A KR 1020027015456A KR 20027015456 A KR20027015456 A KR 20027015456A KR 100664669 B1 KR100664669 B1 KR 100664669B1
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- lithium secondary
- polymer electrolyte
- secondary battery
- fibrous polymer
- electrode
- Prior art date
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- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical group CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000131 polyvinylidene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920008347 Cellulose acetate propionate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010093 LiAlO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical group CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Inorganic materials [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[bis(dimethylamino)phosphinimyl]-n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)P(=N)(N(C)C)N(C)C GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940117958 vinyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ODNFJMDRYDTRDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].C(COCCOCCOCCO)O Chemical compound [Li].C(COCCOCCOCCO)O ODNFJMDRYDTRDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylacetone Natural products CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- YAMHXTCMCPHKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1NCCN1 YAMHXTCMCPHKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229920007485 Kynar® 761 Polymers 0.000 description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
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- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YJLUBHOZZTYQIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[5-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NN=C(O1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 YJLUBHOZZTYQIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CN1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZEVSDGEBAJOTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[5-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CC=1OC(=NN=1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O KZEVSDGEBAJOTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
Claims (18)
- (a) 양극 활물질,(b) 음극 활물질,(c) 고분자 및 리튬염으로 이루어진 직경 1 - 3000 nm의 초극세 섬유상 고분자 전해질막 및(d) 리튬염이 유기 용매에 용해된 유기 전해액을 포함하고,상기 고분자는 폴리에틸렌, 폴리프로필렌, 셀룰로오스, 셀룰로오스 아세테이트, 셀룰로오스 아세테이트 부틸레이트, 셀룰로오스아세테이트 프로피오네이트, 폴리비닐피롤리돈-비닐아세테이트, 폴리[비스(2-(2-메톡시에톡시에톡시))포스파젠], 폴리에틸렌이미드, 폴리에틸렌옥사이드, 폴리에틸렌숙시네이트, 폴레에틸렌설파이드, 폴리(옥시메틸렌-올리고-옥시에틸렌), 폴리프로필렌옥사이드, 폴리비닐아세테이트, 폴리아크릴로니트릴, 폴리(아크릴로니트릴-코-메틸아크릴레이트), 폴리메틸메타크릴레이트, 폴리(메틸메타크릴레이드-코-에틸아크릴레이트), 폴리비닐클로라이드, 폴리(비닐리덴클로라이드-코-아크릴로니트릴), 폴리비닐리덴디플루오라이드, 폴리(비닐리덴플루오라이드-코-헥사플루오로프로필렌) 및 이들의 혼합물로 구성되는 군에서 선택되는 것이고,상기 리튬염은 LiPF6, LiClO4, LiAsF6, LiBF4 및 LiCF3SO3로 구성되는 군에서 선택되는 것인리튬이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 초극세 섬유상 고분자 전해질막은 전하유도방사법에 의해 제조되는 것인 리튬이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 초극세 섬유상 고분자 전해질막은 1종 이상의 고분자, 가소제 및 리튬염이 유기 용매에 용해된 유기 전해액으로 이루어진 고분자 용액을 전하유도 방사장치의 배럴에 투입한 후 노즐로 방사하여 제조되는 것인 리튬이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 초극세 섬유상 고분자 전해질막은 2종 이상의 고분자를 각각 별도로 가소제 및 리튬염이 용해된 유기 전해액에 용해시킨 2종 이상의 고분자 용액을 각각 전하유도 방사장치의 서로 다른 배럴에 각각 투입한 후 노즐로 방사하여 제조되는 것인 리튬이차전지.
- 제3항 또는 제4항에 있어서, 상기 가소제는 프로필렌 카보네이트, 부틸렌 카보네이트, 1,4-부티로락톤, 디에틸 카보네이트, 디메틸 카보네이트, 1,2-디메톡시에탄, 1,3-디메틸-2-이미다졸리디논, 디메틸설폭사이드, 에틸렌 카보네이트, 에틸메틸 카보네이트, N,N-디메틸포름아미드, N,N-디메틸아세트아미드, N-메틸-2-피롤리돈, 폴리에틸렌설포란, 테트라에틸렌 글리콜 디메틸 에테르, 아세톤, 알코올 및 이들의 혼합물로 구성되는 군에서 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서, 초극세 섬유상 고분자 전해질막의 두께가 1 - 100 ㎛인 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지.
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 제1항, 제3항 또는 제4항에 있어서, 상기 유기 용매는 에틸렌 카보네이트, 프로필렌 카보네이트, 디메틸 카보네이트, 디에틸 카보네이트, 에틸메틸 카보네이트 또는 이들의 혼합용매인 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 유기 용매는 저온 특성을 향상시키기 위해 메틸 아세테이트, 메틸프로피오네이트, 에틸아세테이트, 에틸 프로피오네이트, 부틸렌카보네이트, γ-부티로락톤, 1,2-디메톡시에탄, 1,2-디메톡시에탄, 디메틸아세트아미드, 테트라하이드로퓨란 또는 이들의 혼합용매를 추가로 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 초극세 섬유상 고분자 전해질막은 충진제를 추가로 포함하는 것인 리튬이차전지.
- 제11항에 있어서, 상기 충진제는 TiO2, BaTiO3, Li2O, LiF, LiOH, Li3N, BaO, Na2O, MgO, Li2CO3, LiAlO2, SiO2, Al2O3, PTFE 및 이들의 혼합물로 구성되는 군에서 선택되는 것이고, 그 함량이 전체 고분자 전해질에 대해 20 중량% 이하(단, 0은 포함하지 않는다)인 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지.
- 직경 1 - 3000 nm의 초극세 섬유상 고분자 전해질막을 음극과 양극 사이에 넣고, 이들을 적층하거나 롤식으로 말아서 전지케이스에 넣고 유기 전해액을 주입시킨 후 밀봉하는 것을 포함하는, 제1항에 따른 리튬이차전지의 제조 방법.
- 직경 1 - 3000 nm의 초극세 섬유상 고분자 전해질막을 음극과 양극 사이에 넣고, 가열 라미네이션 공정으로 전해질과 전극을 일체화시킨 후, 적층하거나 롤식으로 말아서 전지케이스에 넣고 유기 전해액을 주입시킨 후 밀봉하는 것을 포함하는, 제1항에 따른 리튬이차전지의 제조 방법.
- 직경 1 - 3000 nm의 초극세 섬유상 고분자 전해질막을 음극 또는 양극 중 어느 한쪽의 양면에 피복시키고, 초극세 섬유상 고분자 전해질을 피복하지 않은 전극을 상기 초극세 섬유상 고분자 전해질 상에 밀착시킨 다음, 이들을 적층하거나 롤식으로 말아서 전지케이스에 넣고 유기 전해액을 주입시킨 후 밀봉하는 것을 포함하는, 제1항에 따른 리튬이차전지의 제조방법.
- 직경 1 - 3000 nm의 초극세 섬유상 고분자 전해질막을 음극 또는 양극 중 어느 한쪽의 양면에 피복시키고, 초극세 섬유상 고분자 전해질을 피복하지 않은 전극을 상기 초극세 섬유상 고분자 전해질 상에 밀착시킨 다음, 가열 라미네이션 공정으로 전해질과 전극을 일체화하고, 적층하거나 롤식으로 말아서 전지케이스에 넣고 유기 전해액을 주입시켜 밀봉하는 것을 포함하는, 제1항에 따른 리튬이차전지의 제조방법.
- 직경 1 - 3000 nm의 초극세 섬유상 고분자 전해질막을 음극 또는 양극 중 어느 한쪽의 양면 및 다른 전극의 한쪽 면에 피복시킨 후, 고분자 전해질이 서로 마주보도록 밀착시키고, 이들을 적층하거나 롤식으로 말아서 전지케이스에 넣고 유기 전해액을 주입시킨 후 밀봉하는 것을 포함하는, 제1항에 따른 리튬이차전지의 제조방법.
- 직경 1 - 3000 nm의 초극세 섬유상 고분자 전해질막을 음극 또는 양극 중 어느 한쪽의 양면 및 다른 전극의 한쪽 면에 피복시킨 후, 고분자 전해질이 서로 마주보도록 밀착시키고, 가열 라미네이션 공정에 의해 전해질과 전극을 일체화하고, 적층하거나 롤식으로 말아서 전지케이스에 넣고 유기 전해액을 주입시켜 밀봉하는 것을 포함하는, 제1항에 따른 리튬이차전지의 제조방법.
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