KR100594937B1 - Apparatus for fertilizing garbage - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a food waste fertilizer. It includes a processing tank having a food waste to be processed therein and having a door for discharging the processed product to one side; An oil jacket installed in the treatment tank and heated by passing oil heated therein to heat the treatment tank; Supplying a heating oil to the oil jacket, comprising an oil circulation unit including a heating device for heating the oil to a predetermined temperature, and an oil pump connected to the heating device for flowing the oil heated by the heating device to the oil jacket side Characterized in that.

In the food waste fertilizer of the present invention made as described above, the food waste is put into the processing tank, and then the processing tank is heated with a high temperature oil to allow the oil to dry the food waste first. In addition to the primary drying, a small amount of quicklime is added to the treatment tank to carry out the second drying by exothermic reaction of quicklime, so that the efficiency of moisture removal is good and the quality of the resulting product is excellent. It can be used as a liquid fertilizer. In addition, since oil is used as a heating medium, the pressure in the circulation path of the heating medium is lower than that of the steam heating method, which is safe and does not cause corrosion in the circulation path.

Description

Apparatus for fertilizing garbage

1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the food waste fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view showing a separate treatment tank shown in FIG.

3 is a view schematically showing the internal structure of the treatment tank shown in FIG.

4 is a plan view of the oil jacket shown in FIG.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

11: Treatment tank 11a: Inlet 11b: Lid

11c: lid open and close 11d: discharge door 13: flying machine

15: stirrer 17: hopper 19: conveyor

21: Oil jacket 21a: Oil euro 23: Conveyor

25: Conveyor 31: Cooling Tower 33: Condenser

35: liquid storage tank 37: oil pump 39: boiler

41: fuel tank 43: oil supply line 45a, 45b: oil return line

47: steam discharge line 49: cooling water circulation line 51: liquid fertilizer transfer line

53: motor

The present invention relates to a food waste fertilizer.

Food waste can be recycled for agricultural compost or livestock feed because it is rich in organic matter and contains no artificial or natural toxic substances such as heavy metals or pesticides. Therefore, the technology of efficiently treating and recycling food waste has a very important meaning in the modern industrial society in which a huge amount of food waste is discarded.

Nevertheless, food wastes are difficult to collect separately, and in particular, because they are difficult to leave or store for a long time due to bad smell, they are not actually recycled and are mostly landfilled or incinerated. However, even when reclaimed, there are some limitations in the capacity of the landfill, especially leachate from the landfill, which greatly contaminates groundwater or soil. In case of incineration, there is a problem that environmental hormones such as dioxin are generated during incineration.

On the other hand, in order to be able to recycle food waste to fertilizers or livestock feed, above all, the water content of the food waste should be reduced to about 20% to 25%. As a way to lower the moisture content, there are natural drying method and heating drying method.

The natural drying method is a natural fermentation by mixing sawdust, chicken flour, etc. in the food waste. It is economical because there is no need for a separate facility or fuel, but there is a problem of bad smell due to long drying time and the purchase cost of sawdust or poultry is not low.

The heating and drying method includes a direct heating method and an indirect heating method.

The direct heating method is a method in which drying is performed by directly applying a flame while mixing food waste. The drying itself is fast, but since the flame directly touches the food waste, organic waste is transformed into inorganic waste and there is little commerciality as a fertilizer or feed.

The indirect heating method is to heat an object by using an exothermic reaction of quicklime. That is, when the quicklime is added to the inside of the food waste and then stirred, the quicklime reacts with moisture in the food waste to generate heat of about 100 ° C. to 150 ° C. The moisture is removed using the heat of reaction of the quicklime itself.

However, the indirect heating method has a problem that the reaction duration of quicklime is only about 40 minutes and the reaction heat is only 100 ° C. to 150 ° C., so that the food waste is not sufficiently dried. Since the exothermic reaction time of quicklime is shorter than the time required for drying the food waste (about 2 hours), the quicklime must be continuously added, for example, for 1 hour and 20 minutes to sustain heating. As such, the ratio of food waste that is injected in a large amount of quicklime is about 10: 4.

However, as is known, when the ratio of quicklime to food waste exceeds 5%, the organic matter is reduced, and thus it is not very valuable as a fertilizer. In other words, the food waste treated with a large amount of quicklime is a poor fertilizer.

In addition, since the exothermic temperature of quicklime is not high enough as described above, even if drying is carried out for the above-mentioned time, the water content of the processed materials reaches approximately 45% to 50%. Therefore, in order to obtain a proper moisture content (20% to 25%), it is inconvenient to undergo a natural drying process of about a week (although depending on the climate). Natural drying is accompanied by odors above all, so it is impossible to dry naturally in the rainy season.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and after putting food waste into the treatment tank, heating the treatment tank with a high temperature oil (oil) to allow the oil to dry food waste first, and In addition to the tea drying, a small amount of quicklime is added to the treatment tank to carry out the second drying by exothermic reaction of quicklime, resulting in high efficiency of moisture removal and good quality of the resulting product. Since the oil can be used as a fertilizer and the oil is used as a heating medium, the pressure in the circulation path of the heating medium is lower than that of the steam heating method. have.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, the food waste to be treated therein, the processing tank having a door for discharging the processed material to the outside; An oil jacket installed in the treatment tank and heated by passing oil heated therein to heat the treatment tank; Supplying a heating oil to the oil jacket, comprising an oil circulation unit including a heating device for heating the oil to a predetermined temperature, and an oil pump connected to the heating device for flowing the oil heated by the heating device to the oil jacket side Characterized in that.

In addition, the fertilizer includes: a vapor discharge line communicating with the internal space of the treatment tank and directing water vapor inside the treatment tank to the outside of the treatment tank; A condenser connected to the steam discharge line and condensed by passing water vapor supplied through the steam discharge line; It characterized in that it further comprises a liquid storage tank for receiving and storing the condensed water condensed by the condenser.

In addition, the treatment tank is provided with an inlet for receiving food waste into the treatment tank, but closed by a lid, a scattering machine for dispersing food waste falling into the inlet of the treatment tank is installed, It is characterized in that the lower portion is further provided with a stirrer for stirring the dropped food waste.

In addition, the oil jacket; It is characterized in that the oil passage is in close contact with the bottom surface of the processing tank and through which the oil supplied by the oil pump passes.

In addition, the oil heated by the heating device is characterized in that 250 ℃ to 350 ℃.

Hereinafter, one embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the food waste fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to the drawings, the food waste fertilizer according to the present embodiment, the treatment tank 11 for receiving the food waste transferred through the hopper 17 and the conveyor 19 therein, and the treatment tank 11 The oil jacket 21 is installed in close contact with the lower portion of the high temperature oil supplied from the outside to generate heat as it passes through the inside, and an oil circulation portion for heating the oil to circulate the inside of the oil jacket 21; Steam discharge line 47 to guide the steam generated in the processing tank 11 to the outside of the processing tank 11, the condenser 33 and the cooling tower for condensing the steam flowing through the steam discharge line 47 ( 31) and a liquid rain storage tank 35 for receiving and temporarily storing condensed water (liquid fertilizer) condensed while passing through the condenser 33.

The hopper 17 is a general hopper for placing food waste to be processed on the conveyor 19. In addition, the conveyor 19 is installed between the hopper 17 and the inlet (11a) of the treatment tank 11 to convey the food waste to the treatment tank (11). The conveyor 19 is preferably installed to be inclined so that water flows down in the opposite direction while the food waste moves upward.

On the other hand, the upper portion of the processing tank 11 is provided with an inlet (11a) for receiving food waste. The inlet 11a can be opened and closed by a lid 11b. Reference numeral 11c denotes a lid opener. The lid switch includes a known actuator and opens or closes the lid as necessary.

In addition, a scattering device 13 is provided in the vertical lower portion of the inlet 11a. The diffuser 13 is rotated at a high speed by receiving external power and takes the form of a propeller. Therefore, the food waste introduced into the inlet (11a) is hit by the scattering machine (13) while falling apart and at the same time scattered in all directions.

The stirrer 15 is provided below the scatterer 13. The stirrer 15 mixes the food waste evenly and takes the form of a screw feeder as shown in FIG. The stirrer 15 can of course change the type as long as it can mix food waste.

In addition, two discharge doors 11d are installed at one side of the treatment tank 11. The discharge door 11d discharges the resultant (hereinafter, fertilizer) that has been heated and fertilized in the treatment tank 11 to the conveyor 23 at its lower portion.

The fertilizer supplied from the discharge door 11d to the conveyor 23 is collected via another conveyor 25 as necessary.

On the other hand, the oil circulation unit, the boiler 39 to operate by the fuel received from the fuel tank 41 to provide heat and the oil pump 37 for circulating the oil by providing a flow pressure to the heated oil do. In addition, the oil heated by the boiler 39 moves from the boiler 39 to the oil jacket 21 through the oil supply line 43 to heat the oil jacket 21. The oil passing through the oil jacket 21 is returned to the boiler via the oil return line 45a, the oil pump 37, and the oil return line 45b. The temperature of the oil heated by the boiler 39 is preferably about 250 ° C to 350 ° C.

In the present embodiment, the boiler 39 is used as a heating device for heating oil, but other heating devices (for example, a heater using solar energy as a heat source) instead of the boiler may be applied according to the embodiment.

As a result, the oil is circulated along the predetermined path by the boiler 39 and the oil pump 37 and heats the treatment tank 11 at the temperature, that is, about 250 ° C to 350 ° C. Since the food waste is indirectly heated by the oil, there is no fear that the food waste will be transformed into the above-mentioned inorganic waste. The relative position of the oil pump 37 and the boiler 39 may vary depending on the case.

In addition, the steam discharge line is a steam discharge pipe extending upwardly in a state embedded in the processing tank 11, the condenser 33 is connected to the upper end thereof. The condenser 33 condenses while passing the steam flowing through the steam discharge line 47. The condensed water condensed by the condenser 33, that is, liquid fertilizer, is collected by moving to the liquid fertilizer storage tank 35 through the liquid fertilizer moving line 51. Therefore, the user can use the liquid fertilizer (B) from the liquid fertilizer storage tank 35 when necessary. Steam generated in the liquid storage tank 35 is discharged to the atmosphere.

In order to condense the steam by the condenser 33, a known cooling tower 31 is provided. The cooling tower 31 is a device for cooling the refrigerant (water) passing through the condenser.

As a result, the drinking water waste fertilizer according to the present embodiment heats the food waste supplied to the inside of the treatment tank 11 by indirect heat of oil and exothermic reaction of quicklime, which will be described later. The high quality of the resultant product, especially, can be used as a liquid fertilizer without discarding the water vapor generated in the treatment tank.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the treatment tank shown in FIG. 1.

As shown in the drawing, an inlet port 11a that is opened and closed by a lid 11b is provided at the upper portion of the treatment tank 11. The inlet (11a) is closed when the food waste is heated to close the treatment tank (11), and open when the food waste is newly introduced or quicklime is administered. Opening and closing of the lid 11b may be controlled remotely by installing a separate actuator, for example.

The steam discharge line 47 is located at the side of the inlet (11a). In addition, two discharge doors 11d are provided on one vertical surface of the treatment tank 11. The discharge door 11d is a passage through which the heat treatment is completed, that is, the fertilizer is taken out of the treatment tank 11. The opening and closing method of the discharge door 11d may also be changed in some cases.

3 is a schematic sectional view schematically illustrating the internal structure of the treatment tank shown in FIG.

Referring to the drawings, it can be seen that the two agitators 15 are installed side by side inside the treatment tank 11. The stirrer 15 has the same form as a known screw feeder and moves food waste in the direction of arrow a. The food waste is pushed in the direction of arrow a by the stirrer 15 and hits the opposite wall, and then comes back again, and the process is repeated and stirred evenly. By employing the stirrer 15 of the above-described type, the processed product after the heat treatment is completed can be quickly discharged through the discharge door 11d. According to the embodiment, the type of the stirrer can be variously changed.

The stirrer 15 is driven by a motor 53 installed outside the processing tank 11. Of course, the rotation rpm of the motor 53 can also be adjusted by changing the characteristics of the input voltage or current.

4 is a plan view of the oil jacket shown in FIG.

As shown in the drawing, an oil passage 21a extending in a predetermined pattern is provided inside the oil jacket 21. The oil passage 21a is a path through which the heated oil passes, and both ends thereof are connected to the oil supply line 43 and the oil return line 45a, respectively. The oil passage 21a is reminiscent of a heating pipe installed in the floor.

In any case, the oil heated by the boiler 39 heats the oil jacket 21 while passing through the oil flow passage 21a so that the oil jacket 21 heats the treatment tank 11.

Operation of the food waste fertilizer according to the present embodiment configured as described above is made as follows.

First, the food waste to be treated using the hopper 17 and the conveyor 19 is introduced into the treatment tank 11. At this time, the driving of the scatterer 13 and the stirrer 15 is, of course. Food waste introduced into the treatment tank 11 is spread by the scattering machine 13 and then mixed by the stirrer 15.

In addition, the treatment tank 11 is heated by driving the boiler 39 and the oil pump 37 at the same time as the food waste is introduced or prior to the feeding. The heating temperature at this time is 250 degreeC-350 degreeC. Therefore, the treatment tank 11 is heated like a frying pan, the bottom surface of the food waste is first heated to the temperature.

When the moisture content of the food waste is about 50% or less through the heating process, the lid 11b is opened and quicklime is introduced. The amount of quicklime added at this time depends on the amount of food waste. The preferred dose of quicklime is about 1/10 of the volume of food waste. The quicklime has a known exothermic reaction and heats food waste secondarily.

When the moisture content of the food waste becomes less than about 20% by the quicklime, the operation of the oil pump 37 is stopped, the discharge door 11d is opened, and the processed result is pushed out to collect.

On the other hand, the condenser 33 during the process condenses the steam continues to be discharged through the steam discharge line 47 is supplied to the liquid rain storage tank 35 through the liquid fertilizer moving line 51. It is preferable to install a separate pump for supplying the liquid fertilizer condensed by the condenser 33 to the liquid fertilizer storage 35. In order to effectively operate the condenser 33, the cooling water is cooled while passing through the cooling tower 31 and circulated through the cooling water circulation line 49.

As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated in detail through the specific Example, this invention is not limited to the said Example, A various deformation | transformation is possible for a person with ordinary knowledge within the scope of the technical idea of this invention.

In the food waste fertilizer of the present invention made as described above, the food waste is put into the processing tank, and then the processing tank is heated with a high temperature oil to allow the oil to dry the food waste first. In addition to the primary drying, a small amount of quicklime is added to the treatment tank to carry out the second drying by exothermic reaction of quicklime, resulting in high efficiency of moisture removal and good quality of the resulting product. It can be used as a liquid fertilizer. In addition, since oil is used as a heating medium, the pressure in the circulation path of the heating medium is lower than that of the steam heating method, which is safe and does not cause corrosion in the circulation path.

Claims (4)

A processing tank having a food waste to be treated therein and having a door for discharging the treated product to the outside; An oil jacket installed in the treatment tank and heated by passing oil heated therein to heat the treatment tank; Supplying a heating oil to the oil jacket, comprising an oil circulation unit including a heating device for heating the oil to a predetermined temperature, and an oil pump connected to the heating device for flowing the oil heated by the heating device to the oil jacket side Food waste fertilizer device, characterized in that. The method of claim 1, In the fertilizer, A vapor discharge line communicating with an internal space of the treatment tank and guiding water vapor inside the treatment tank to an outside of the treatment tank; A condenser connected to the steam discharge line and condensed by passing water vapor supplied through the steam discharge line; Food waste fertilizer device characterized in that it further comprises a liquid storage tank for receiving and storing the condensed water condensed by the condenser. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The treatment tank is provided with an inlet for receiving food waste into the treatment tank, but closed by a lid, The lower part of the inlet in the treatment tank is installed with a scattering machine to scatter the falling food waste, Food waste fertilizer device, characterized in that the lower portion of the scattering machine is further provided with a stirrer to stir the dropped food waste. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The oil jacket is; The food waste fertilizer device, characterized in that the oil passage through which the oil supplied by the oil pump passes in close contact with the bottom surface of the processing tank.

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