KR100436882B1 - The composition for composting and deodorizing of animal wastes - Google Patents
The composition for composting and deodorizing of animal wastes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
본 발명은 아스코르빈산 처리 안정화 목초액 2∼7중량%, 유카추출액 2∼7중량% 및 복합미생물 2∼50중량%와 유동파라핀 0.5∼3중량% 및 구운 왕겨분말 33∼93.5중량%를 함유한 축산분뇨의 발효촉진 및 악취제거용 복합조성물에 관한 것으로서, 가축에 급여하거나 분뇨에 살포 또는 첨가 시 가축분뇨의 발효촉진 및 악취제거 효과가 탁월하다.The present invention contains 2-7% by weight of ascorbic acid-treated stabilized wood vinegar, 2-7% by weight of yucca extract, 2-50% by weight of mixed microorganisms, 0.5-3% by weight of liquid paraffin and 33-93.5% by weight of roasted rice husk powder. The present invention relates to a composite composition for promoting fermentation and deodorization of livestock manure, and is effective in promoting fermentation and deodorization of livestock manure when fed to livestock or sprayed or added to manure.
Description
본 발명은 아스코르빈산 처리 안정화 목초액, 유카추출액 및 복합 미생물을 주성분으로 하는 축산분뇨의 발효촉진 및 악취제거용 복합조성물에 관한 것으로, 좀더 상세하게는 대한민국 특허출원 10-2001-0050219호(발명의 명칭 : 아스코르빈산 처리 안정화 목초액 및 이를 함유하는 소독약 조성물)에 개시하고 있는 아스코르빈산 처리 안정화 목초액과 유카추출액(yucca extract) 및 바실러스 서브틸리스(Bacillus subtilis), 리조푸스 올리고스포러스(Rhizopus oligosporus), 로도박터 캡슐라타(Rhodobacter capsulata)와 같은 복합미생물을 주요성분으로 하여 축산분뇨의 발효를 촉진하고 악취를 제거하기 위한 목적으로 사용되는 축산분뇨의 발효촉진 및 악취제거용 복합조성물에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a composite composition for promoting fermentation and odor removal of livestock manure mainly composed of ascorbic acid-treated stabilized wood vinegar, yucca extract and complex microorganisms, and more specifically, Korean Patent Application No. 10-2001-0050219 (Invention) Name: Ascorbic acid-treated stabilized wood vinegar and disinfectant composition containing the same) Ascorbic acid-treated stabilized wood vinegar, yucca extract, Bacillus subtilis, Rhizopus oligosporus The present invention relates to a complex composition for promoting fermentation and removing odor of livestock manure, which is used for the purpose of promoting fermentation of livestock manure and removing odors, with a complex microorganism such as Rhodobacter capsulata.
목초액(wood vinegar)은 나무가 탄화할 때 발생되는 연기(재래식 숯가마의 경우 배연온도 80℃∼150℃, 기계식의 경우 연기채취온도 150℃ 이하)를 냉각시켜 정제과정을 거치지 않고 얻은 액체를 조목초액(crude wood vinegar)이라 하며, 조목초액을 적어도 2∼3일간 정치하여 2층 또는 3층으로 분리한후 2층으로 분리된 경우는 상층부, 3층으로 분리된 경우는 중간층의 적갈색 수용성액을 3개월 이상 숙성(ageing)후 흡착(adsorption), 여과(filtration)등의 탈 타르처리를 하여 얻은 액체나, 조목초액을 필터등으로 여과하거나 증류등의 방법으로 목초액 중에 불안정한 성분을 제거시켜 획득한 맑고 투명한 적갈색, 담적갈색 및 담황색 수용성액체를 정제 목초액(refined wood vinegar)이라 한다(임업연구원 고시 제1999-35호 제6조).Wood vinegar is a crude wood vinegar solution obtained by cooling the smoke generated when wood is carbonized (combustion temperature of 80 ℃ ~ 150 ℃ for conventional charcoal kiln, and below 150 ℃ for smoke collection temperature for mechanical). (crude wood vinegar), the crude wood vinegar is allowed to stand for at least 2 to 3 days, separated into two or three layers, and when the two layers are separated, the red-brown aqueous solution of the middle layer is separated into three layers. A liquid obtained by de-tarting treatment such as adsorption and filtration after aging for more than six months, or filtered crude wood vinegar with a filter or by removing the unstable components from wood vinegar by distillation, etc. Transparent reddish brown, light brown and pale yellow water-soluble liquids are called refined wood vinegar (Article 6, Notification No. 1999-35, Forestry Research Institute).
목초액에는 200여종 이상의 유기산 성분과 10여종 이상의 미네랄과 비타민이 함유되어 있어 유해한 활성산소(free radical)를 제거하는 SOD(superoxide dismutase)기능이 탁월하여 세포내의 이물질을 제거하고 세포의 호흡회로를 정상화하여 세포를 건강하게 유지시켜 줌으로써 유익한 작용을 하는 물질로서 식품 및 의약품에 이미 널리 사용되고 있다.Wood vinegar contains more than 200 organic acids and more than 10 kinds of minerals and vitamins. It has excellent SOD (superoxide dismutase) function that removes harmful free radicals, removes foreign substances in cells and normalizes the respiratory circuit of cells. It is already widely used in foods and medicines as a substance that acts beneficially by keeping cells healthy.
최근 축산업이 기계화, 집약화, 규모화 및 집단화되면서 축산농가들의 가축분뇨처리 한계 및 지역별 오염부하가중 문제가 심각해지고 있다. 특히 도시근교, 강 주변 등에 축산농가가 밀집되어 있어 분뇨로 인한 수질오염의 위험이 상존하며,악취로 인한 민원이 빈발하고 있어 축산업 발전에 장애요인으로 작용하고 있다. 2000년도말 기준 우리나라의 가축사육두수는 한우 1,590천두, 젖소 544천두, 돼지 8,214천두, 닭 102,547천수이고, 가축분뇨 발생량은 1일 131천톤이며, 이들 축종별로 보면 돼지가 71천톤으로 전체의 54%를 차지하며, 젖소 25천톤, 한우 23천톤, 닭 12천톤으로 나타났다(정영일등, 2001, 환경보전 및 안전성 제고를 위한 축산시스템 구축방안 p6, 사단법인 농정연구 포럼).Recently, as the livestock industry has become mechanized, concentrated, scaled and grouped, the problems of livestock manure processing and livestock manure disposal limits and regional pollution load weighting problems have become serious. In particular, livestock farms are concentrated in urban suburbs and rivers, and there is a risk of water pollution due to manure, and frequent complaints from odors are causing obstacles to livestock industry development. As of the end of 2000, domestic cattle breeding heads were 1,590 thousand heads of cows, 544 thousand heads of cows, 8,214 heads of pigs, 102,547 thousand heads of chickens, and livestock manure production was 1131 thousand tons per day. It was estimated to be 25 thousand tons of cows, 23 thousand tons of Korean cattle, and 12 thousand tons of chickens (Jung, Young-il et al., 2001, p6, Plan for establishing livestock systems for environmental preservation and safety).
가축분뇨의 처리방식은 크게 자원화처리와 정화처리로 대별되며 특수한 경우를 제외하면 재활용을 목적으로 하는 자원화처리 방식이 바람직하다. 자원화처리방식에는 발효처리, 건조처리, 생석회 안정화처리, 저장 액비처리, 액상 슬러리처리 방식 등이 있는데, 이상의 각 방식은 채용기술에 따라 다시 여러 형태로 세분될 수 있다. 발효처리방식에는 기계 교반식 발효처리와 수동식 발효처리방식이 있는데, 기계 교반식 발효처리방식은 단시간(15∼30일)에 완숙퇴비를 만들수 있으며 발효온도가 높기(80℃) 때문에 수분제거가 용이하고 이물질 및 농경지에 살포시 잡초증가를 감소시킬 수 있으나 설치비용이 비싸고 시설의 내구연수가 짧다는 단점이 있다. 반면에 수동식 발효처리 방식은 설치비용이 저렴하나 시간이 오래 걸리고 작업환경이 불량하며 악취가 발생, 확산되어 민원이 발생할 수 있다는 단점이 있다. 건조처리방식은 수분함량과 분량이 적은 양계농가에 별도의 발효시설 없이 손쉽게 분뇨를 처리할 수 있으나 악취확산으로 민원발생이 높다는 단점이 있다. 생석회 안정화 처리방식은 대규모 처리시설 및 공동처리시설로 적합하며 처리시설이 밀폐되어 있어 악취확산 등 외부환경오염이 적으나 고온건조기의 집진 탈취장치에서 발생하는 폐수처리가 단점이다. 저장액비 처리방식은 단순하고 처리비용이 저렴한 반면 저장시설이 커야하며 환원할 경지가 필요하다는 단점이 있다. 액상슬러리 처리방식은 수질오염원을 근원적으로 차단할 수 있으나 수분 과다시 발효열이 상승되지 않는다는 단점이 있다. 가축분뇨의 통상적인 처리방법은 분을 퇴비화(composting)하여 발효시키거나 건조시켜 활용하고 뇨 또는 세척수는 활성오니법등으로 정화처리하며, 가장 흔한 형태인 분뇨혼합의 경우는 톱밥이나 왕겨등 수분 조절제를 혼합하여 발효시켜 퇴비화하거나 발효 촉진제를 첨가하여 그대로 액비로 처리하는 것이 가장 보편적이다.The treatment method of livestock manure is largely divided into resource treatment and purification treatment. Except for special cases, a resource treatment method for recycling purposes is preferable. Recycling treatment methods include fermentation treatment, drying treatment, quicklime stabilization treatment, storage liquid fertilization treatment, liquid slurry treatment method, etc., each of the above methods can be subdivided into various forms depending on the technology employed. There are two types of fermentation treatments: mechanically stirred fermentation and manual fermentation. The mechanically stirred fermentation can be used to make mature compost in a short time (15 ~ 30 days) and easy to remove moisture due to high fermentation temperature (80 ℃). And weeds can be reduced when spraying on foreign matter and agricultural land, but there are disadvantages of high installation cost and short life cycle of the facility. On the other hand, the manual fermentation treatment method has a disadvantage that the installation cost is low, but it takes a long time, the working environment is poor, the odor is generated, and the complaints may occur. The dry treatment method can easily treat manure in poultry farms with low water content and quantity without additional fermentation facilities, but has the disadvantage of high complaints due to odor diffusion. Quicklime stabilization is suitable as a large-scale treatment facility and a joint treatment facility, and since the treatment facility is sealed, there is little external environmental pollution such as odor diffusion, but the wastewater treatment generated by the dust collector deodorization device of a high temperature dryer is a disadvantage. While the storage solution ratio treatment method is simple and inexpensive, it has a disadvantage in that the storage facility is large and needs to be reduced. Liquid slurry treatment can block the source of water source, but the disadvantage is that the heat of fermentation does not rise when excessive moisture. Conventional treatment of livestock manure is made by composting the fermentation or fermentation or drying, and purifying the urine or washing water with the activated sludge process.In the case of the most common form of manure mixing, moisture control agents such as sawdust or chaff are used. It is most common to mix and ferment by fermentation, or to add fermentation accelerator and treat it as liquid fertilization.
가축분뇨의 퇴비화 과정에서 퇴비화기간을 단축시키고 퇴비화 과정중 발생하는 악취를 감소시키기 위하여 다양한 발효촉진제와 악취제거제(또는 탈취제)가 사용되고 있으며 주로 바실러스균, 슈도모나스균, 유산균, 광합성세균, 효모 등 미생물들로 구성된 제품들이 사용되고 있다. 예를 들어 대한민국 등록특허 제1995-0011356호에서는 엿기름, 빵효모, 탄산칼슘 및 황산철로 이루어진 폐수 및 분뇨처리 조성물 및 그 사용방법을 개시하고 있으며, 대한민국 공고특허 제 1992-009492호에서는 바실러스 서브틸리스(Bacillus subtilis), 바실러스 스테아로써모필루스(Bacillus stearothermophilus), 아스퍼질루스 니거(Aspergillus niger), 아스퍼질루스 오리재(Aspergillus oryzae) 및 클로스트리듐 써모쎌룸(Clostridium thermocellum)의 5종 균주를 혼합하여 이루어진 축산공해 방지용 활성발효제의 조성방법을 개시하고 있다. 그러나 상기 미생물 발효제들은 축산분뇨에 적용시 발효기능은 우수하나 기존에 형성된 악취의 제거 작용이 없으며, 분뇨의 퇴비화 과정중에서 발생하는 악취를 효과적으로 감소시키지 못하는 단점이 있다.Various fermentation accelerators and odor removers (or deodorants) are used to shorten the composting period and to reduce the odor generated during the composting process of livestock manure. Products consisting of are being used. For example, Korean Patent No. 195-0011356 discloses a wastewater and manure treatment composition consisting of malt, baker's yeast, calcium carbonate and iron sulfate and a method of using the same, and Korean Patent Publication No. 1992-009492 discloses Bacillus subtilis. (Bacillus subtilis), Bacillus stearothermophilus, Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger), Aspergillus oryzae and 5 strains of Clostridium thermocellum Disclosed is a composition method of an active fermentation agent for preventing livestock pollution. However, the microbial fermentation agents are excellent in fermentation function when applied to livestock manure, there is no elimination action of the existing odor formed, there is a disadvantage that does not effectively reduce the odor generated during the composting process of manure.
반면에, 악취제거에 중점을 두고 개발된 대한민국 공고특허 제 1990-000256호에서는 미강 또는 적강과 사카로 마이세스속 또는 칸디다속 효모를 혼합한 다음 제올라이트를 가하고 소량의 황산철을 첨가하여 제조한 악취제거제를 개시하고 있다. 그러나 상기 악취제거제는 축산분뇨에 적용시 악취제거 효과는 우수하나 발효능력이 떨어진다는 단점이 있다.On the other hand, Korean Patent Publication No. 1990-000256 developed with a focus on odor removal removes odor produced by adding zeolite and adding a small amount of iron sulfate after mixing rice bran or red bran with Saccharomyces or Candida yeast. A remover is disclosed. However, the odor remover has a disadvantage in that the odor removal effect is excellent when applied to livestock manure, but the fermentation ability is low.
즉, 기존의 미생물제는 발효촉진제 또는 악취제거제로서의 하나의 기능에 중점을 두고 개발되어 발효촉진기능과 악취제거 기능을 동시에 갖추지 못하여 축산분뇨처리에 적용시 실용성이 떨어진다는 문제점을 지니고 있다.That is, the existing microbial agent has been developed with a focus on one function as a fermentation accelerator or odor removing agent, and has a problem in that it is not practical when applied to livestock manure treatment because it does not have a fermentation promoting function and odor removing function at the same time.
예를 들어 우리나라 전체 축산분뇨 중 54%를 차지하고 있는 양돈분뇨의 경우 축산 분뇨 중 유기물의 함량이 가장 많고 뇨 및 세척수가 혼합되어 있어 기존 미생물 발효제로서는 퇴비나 액비 발효시 부숙기간이 오래 걸리고 악취가 다량 발생하는 문제점이 있어 양돈농가들로부터 발효기능이 더욱 개선되고 악취제거 기능까지 탁월한 효과를 갖는 발효촉진제가 요구되어 왔다.For example, swine manure, which accounts for 54% of the livestock manure in Korea, has the highest organic matter content in the livestock manure and the urine and wash water are mixed. There has been a problem that the fermentation promoters from pig farms to improve the fermentation function has been further improved to have an excellent effect to remove the odor has been required.
또한 기존제제의 경우 대부분이 균의 안정성을 위하여 건조된 미세한 분말로 이루어져 사료에 혼합시나 분뇨에 살포시 분진이 발생하여 작업자의 건강을 위해하는 문제점이 있다.In addition, in the case of existing formulations, most of them are made of fine powder dried for the stability of the bacteria, there is a problem that occurs for the health of the worker when dust is generated when mixing in the feed or spraying on the manure.
본 발명의 목적은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 예의 검토한 결과아스코르빈산 처리 안정화 목초액, 유카추출액 및 복합미생물로 이루어진 복합조성물을 제조함으로써 축산분뇨에 사용시 기존제제에 비하여 축산분뇨의 발효 능력과 악취제거 능력이 탁월한 축산분뇨의 발효촉진 및 아구치제거용 복합조성물을 제공하는 것이다.The purpose of the present invention is to examine the results of the study to solve the above problems, ascorbic acid treated stabilization of the herb, yucca extract and composite microorganisms produced by the composite composition consisting of microorganisms when used in livestock manure and fermentation ability of livestock manure It is to provide a composite composition for promoting fermentation of livestock manure with excellent odor removal ability and removal of aguchi.
도 1은 발효과정중 온도의 변화를 나타내는 그래프이다.1 is a graph showing the change in temperature during the fermentation process.
도 2는 발효과정중 탄소함량의 변화를 나타내는 그래프이다.Figure 2 is a graph showing the change in carbon content during fermentation.
도 3은 발효과정중 질소함량의 변화를 나타내는 그래프이다.3 is a graph showing the change in nitrogen content during the fermentation process.
도 4는 돈분내 암모니아 가스 농도 변화를 나타내는 그래프이다.4 is a graph showing changes in ammonia gas concentration in pig meal.
도 5는 계사내 암모니아 가스 농도 변화를 나타내는 그래프이다.5 is a graph showing changes in ammonia gas concentration in cages.
본 발명은 통상의 목초액에 아스코르빈산을 1∼20중량% 첨가, 용해시켜 실온에서 6개월간 숙성시킨 후 필터로 여과하여 제조된 아스코르빈산 처리 안정화 목초액 2∼7중량%와, 유카추출액 2∼7중량%와, 복합미생물 2∼50중량%와, 유동파라핀 0.5∼3중량%와, 구운 왕겨분말 33∼93.5중량%를 포함하고, 상기 복합미생물은 1kg중 상기 복합 미생물은 바실러스 서브틸리스(Bacillus subtilis)가 2 ×109cfu∼5 ×1010cfu, 리조푸스 올리고스포러스(Rhizopus oligosporus)가 1 ×108cfu∼2.5 ×109cfu, 로도박터 캡슐라타(Rhodobacter capsulata)가 5 ×109cfu∼1.25 ×1011cfu를 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 축산분뇨의 발효촉진 및 악취제거용 복합조성물에 관한 것이다.In the present invention, 1 to 20% by weight of ascorbic acid is added and dissolved in ordinary wood vinegar, and aged for 6 months at room temperature, followed by 2 to 7% by weight of ascorbic acid treated stabilizing wood vinegar prepared by filtration with a filter, and 2 to 5 yucca extract. 7% by weight, 2 to 50% by weight of composite microorganisms, 0.5 to 3% by weight of liquid paraffin, and 33 to 93.5% by weight of roasted rice hull powder, wherein the composite microorganism is 1 kg of the composite microorganism, Bacillus subtilis ( Bacillus subtilis) 2 × 10 9 cfu-5 × 10 10 cfu, Rhizopus oligosporus 1 × 10 8 cfu-2.5 × 10 9 cfu, Rhodobacter capsulata 5 × 10 The present invention relates to a composite composition for promoting fermentation and removing odor of livestock manure, which contains 9 cfu to 1.25 x 10 11 cfu.
본 발명에서 사용되는 아스코르빈산 처리 안정화 목초액(이하, 안정화 목초액이라 함)은 대한민국 특허출원 10-2001-0050219호에서 개시하고 있는 안정화 목초액(stabilized wood vinegar)으로서 통상의 목초액 제조방법에 따라 제조된 목초액을 숙성전 단계에서 목초액의 1∼20중량%의 아스코르빈산을 첨가, 용해시켜 실온에서 6개월간 숙성시킨 다음 200메쉬(mesh) 필터로 여과하여 획득된 것이다. 아스코르빈산은 목초액을 안정화(stabilization) 시키고 활성화(activation) 시키기 위해서 사용하였으며 목초액 숙성시 목초액의 1∼20중량%를 첨가함으로서 목초액의 안정성(stability)과 효능(efficacy)을 증강시킬 수 있다. 이는 아스코르빈산이 전자수송체계(electron transport system)에 관여하여 산소의 산화(oxidation)능력을 비활성화시켜 목초액의 산화를 방지하며 아스코르빈산이 목초액속에 잔류해 있는 중금속들과 결합함으로써 목초액의 순도에 영향을 미치기 때문인 것으로 생각된다.Ascorbic acid treatment stabilized wood vinegar used in the present invention (hereinafter referred to as stabilized wood vinegar) is a stabilized wood vinegar (stabilized wood vinegar) disclosed in the Republic of Korea Patent Application No. 10-2001-0050219 prepared according to a conventional wood vinegar preparation method Wood vinegar was obtained by adding and dissolving 1-20% by weight of ascorbic acid in wood vinegar at the stage before aging, and aging for 6 months at room temperature, followed by filtration with a 200 mesh filter. Ascorbic acid was used to stabilize and activate wood vinegar, and it is possible to enhance the stability and efficacy of wood vinegar by adding 1-20% by weight of wood vinegar. This prevents the oxidation of wood vinegar by inactivating oxygen oxidation ability by ascorbic acid in the electron transport system, and ascorbic acid combines with heavy metals remaining in wood vinegar to improve the purity of wood vinegar. It seems to be because it affects.
상기 아스코르빈산 처리 안정화 목초액의 함량은 2∼7중량% 정도인 것이 바람직한데, 2중량% 미만인 경우에는 발효촉진 및 악취제거 상승효과를 충분히 발휘할 수 없고, 반대로 7중량%를 초과하는 경우에는 목초액의 살균작용으로 말미암아 조성물중 수분함량이 5% 이상시 조성물에 함유되어 있는 미생물의 안정성을 저해할 우려가 있기 때문이다. 본 발명에 사용되는 안정화 목초액은 액상으로 되어 있기 때문에 100내지 200메쉬의 제올라이트에 1:3 내지 1:5(안정화 목초액:제올라이트)의 비율로 흡착시킨 후 건조시켜 분말화하여 사용한다.The content of the ascorbic acid-treated stabilized wood vinegar is preferably about 2 to 7% by weight. If it is less than 2% by weight, the synergistic effect of promoting fermentation and odor removal may not be sufficiently exerted. This is because there is a risk of inhibiting the stability of the microorganisms contained in the composition when the water content of the composition by more than 5% due to the sterilization action of. Since the stabilized wood vinegar used in the present invention is in a liquid phase, it is adsorbed to a 100 to 200 mesh zeolite at a ratio of 1: 3 to 1: 5 (stabilized wood vinegar: zeolite), dried and powdered.
본 발명에서 사용되는 유카추출액(yucca extract)은 아메리카 대륙에서 주로 서식하는 유카시디게라(Yucca schidigera)라는 식물에서 추출한 천연 물질로서, 주요작용성분인 사르사포닌(sarsaponine)이 10%이상 함유되어 있다. 유카 추출액은 음료수의 거품제(foaming agent)로서 널리 사용되고 있으며 축산분야에서는 사료에 첨가하여 가축의 성장촉진 및 사료효율 개선 목적으로 사용되고 있다.Yucca extract used in the present invention is a natural substance extracted from a plant called Yucca schidigera, which mainly lives in the Americas, and contains 10% or more of sarsaponine, which is a main active ingredient. Yucca extract is widely used as a foaming agent for beverages and is added to feed in livestock for the purpose of promoting livestock growth and improving feed efficiency.
상기 유카추출액은 2∼7중량% 정도인 것이 바람직한데, 2중량% 미만인 경우에는 악취제거 효과가 미흡하고, 반대로 7중량%를 초과하는 경우에는 비경제적인 문제가 있어 바람직하지 못하다. 본 발명에 사용되는 유카추출액 역시 액상으로 되어 있기 때문에 100내지 200메쉬의 제올라이트에 1:3 내지 1:5(유카추출액:제올라이트)의 비율로 흡착시킨 후 건조시켜 분말화하여 사용한다.The yucca extract is preferably about 2 to 7% by weight, but less than 2% by weight, the odor removal effect is insufficient, on the contrary, when the content exceeds 7% by weight, it is not preferable because it is uneconomical. Since the yucca extract used in the present invention is also in a liquid phase, it is adsorbed in a ratio of 1: 3 to 1: 5 (yuka extract: zeolite) to 100 to 200 mesh zeolites, and then dried and powdered.
본 발명에서 사용되는 복합미생물은 기존에 축산분야에서 널리 사용되고 있는 미생물들로서, 바실러스 서브틸리스(Bacillus subtilis), 리조푸스 올리고스포러스(Rhizopus oligosporus), 로도박터 캡슐라타(Rhodobacter capsulata)를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. 바실러스 서브틸리스(Bacillus subtilis)는 토양에서 분리한 그람 양성 포자 형성 간균으로서 현미경상으로 단간균 형태이며 용혈성 인자(hemolytic factor)가 없으며 주요작용 기전은 단백질 분해효소를 다량 생산함으로써 유기단백질이 무기질소로 전환되는 것을 억제한다. 리조푸스 올리고스포러스(Rhizopus oligosporus)는 혐기성증식을 하는 곰팡이의 일종으로서 유기물내에서 증식하여 유기물 자체내의 미소화 영양소 및 대사산물을 이용하여 에너지를 생산하여 부패미생물의 증식을 사전에 차단한다. 로도박터 캡슐라타(Rhodobacter capsulata)는 광합성을 하는 홍색비유황세균 으로서 유기물내에 존재하는 황을 이용하여 에너지를 생산하여 부패세균의 증식을 억제하며 황화수소등 악취발생을 차단한다.The microorganisms used in the present invention are microorganisms which are widely used in the field of livestock, and it is preferable to use Bacillus subtilis, Rhizopus oligosporus, Rhodobacter capsulata. desirable. Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive spore-forming bacillus isolated from soil, microscopically in the form of a simple bacilli, without a hemolytic factor, and its main mechanism of action is the production of large amounts of proteolytic enzymes. Suppress switching. Rhizopus oligosporus is a type of anaerobic fungus that proliferates in organic matter and produces energy using micronized nutrients and metabolites in the organic material itself to block proliferation of decaying microorganisms. Rhodobacter capsulata (Rhodobacter capsulata) is a red non-sulfur bacterium that photosynthesis produces energy using sulfur present in the organic material to inhibit the growth of decayed bacteria and block the occurrence of odors such as hydrogen sulfide.
상기 복합미생물은 2∼50중량% 정도 사용하는 것이 바람직한데, 2중량% 미만인 경우에는 발효촉진 효과가 미흡하고, 반대로 50중량%를 초과하는 경우에는 안정화 목초액 및 유카추출액과 적정 비율을 유지할 수 없어 조성물의 생산 자체가 어려우며 비경제적인 문제점이 발생하여 바람직하지 못하다.It is preferable to use about 2 to 50% by weight of the combined microorganism, but when it is less than 2% by weight, the effect of promoting fermentation is insufficient. On the contrary, when the amount exceeds 50% by weight, it is impossible to maintain a proper ratio with the stabilized wood vinegar and yucca extract. Production of the composition itself is difficult and uneconomical problems arise, which is undesirable.
본 발명의 복합조성물 1kg중 바실러스 서브틸리스(Bacillus subtilis) 2 ×109cfu∼5 ×1010cfu, 리조푸스 올리고스포러스(Rhizopus oligosporus) 1 ×108cfu∼2.5 ×109cfu, 로도박터 캡슐라타(Rhodobacter capsulata) 5 ×109cfu∼1.25 ×1011cfu 정도가 함유되어 있는 것이 바람직하다. 상기 함량보다 농도가 낮은 것은 발효촉진 및 악취제거 효과가 미흡하고, 반대로 상기 함량보다 높은 것은 안정화목초액이나 유카추출액과의 적정비율을 유지할 수 없게 되어 바람직하지 못하다.Bacillus subtilis 2 × 10 9 cfu ~ 5 × 10 10 cfu, Rhizopus oligosporus 1 × 10 8 cfu ~ 2.5 × 10 9 cfu, Rhodobacter in 1 kg of the composite composition of the present invention Rhodobacter capsulata preferably contains 5 x 10 9 cfu to 1.25 x 10 11 cfu. Lower concentration than the content is insufficient fermentation promoting and odor removal effect, on the contrary higher than the content is not desirable to maintain a proper ratio with the stabilized wood vinegar or yucca extract.
또한 본 발명에서 보조성분으로 사용되는 유동파라핀(liquid paraffin)은 0.5∼3.0중량% 사용하는 것이 바람직한데, 이러한 함량의 범위를 벗어나면 원하는 안정성을 얻을 수 없다. 즉, 0.5중량% 미만인 경우에는 조성물 사용시 분진이 발생하여 작업자의 건강을 위해할 수 있어 안정성이 떨어지며, 반대로 3.0중량%을 초과하는 경우에는 본 조성물의 입자들이 결합하여 과립형 덩어리가 형성되거나 장기간 동물에 급여시 사료섭취량 감소를 나타낼 수 있다.In addition, the liquid paraffin (liquid paraffin) used as an auxiliary component in the present invention is preferably used 0.5 to 3.0% by weight, it is not possible to obtain the desired stability outside the range of this content. In other words, when the composition is less than 0.5% by weight, dust is generated during use of the composition, which may be harmful to workers' health. On the contrary, when the composition is more than 3.0% by weight, particles of the composition are combined to form granular masses or animals for a long time. Feeding may indicate a decrease in feed intake.
본 발명에서 부형제(carrier)로 사용되는 왕겨분말은 멸균과 수분을 제거하기 위하여 90℃로 구워서 수분의 함량을 2% 이하로 하고 100∼200메쉬로 분쇄하여 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. 멸균이 되지 않았거나 수분의 함량이 2% 초과하는 경우에는 본 조성물의 안정성이 떨어진다. 또한 입자도의 크기가 100∼200메쉬 범위를 벗어나면 본 조성물의 제조시 혼합균일도(mixing homogeneity)가 감소된다.The chaff powder used as an excipient (carrier) in the present invention is baked at 90 ℃ in order to remove sterilization and water, the content of water to 2% or less and preferably used to grind to 100 to 200 mesh. If it is not sterilized or if the content of water exceeds 2%, the stability of the composition is poor. In addition, when the size of the particle size is outside the range of 100 to 200 mesh, the mixing homogeneity is reduced during the preparation of the present composition.
본 발명은 하기 실시예 및 비교예에 의하여 보다 구체적으로 이해될 수 있고, 하기의 실시예는 본 발명을 예시하기 위한 것에 지나지 않으며 본 발명의 보호범위를 제한하고자 하는 것은 아니다.The present invention can be understood in more detail by the following examples and comparative examples, the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
실시예 및 비교예Examples and Comparative Examples
<실시예 1><Example 1>
대한민국 특허 출원번호 10-2001-0050219호에 기술된 아스코르빈산이 5중량%처리된 안정화 목초액을 제올라이트(왕표제올라이트, 주식회사 왕표화학, 대한민국)에 1:4(안정화 목초액:제올라이트)의 비율로 흡착하여 건조시킨 안정화 목초액 분말 200g(안정화 목초액으로서 5중량%), 유카추출액(Environmental-Aid, P.S.F Ogranic Inc., USA)을 제올라이트에 1:4(유카추출액:제올라이트)의 비율로 흡착하여 건조시킨 유카추출액 분말 200g(유카추출액으로서 5중량%), 복합미생물(주식회사 인바이오넷 제품) 100g(복합미생물으로서 2.5중량%)(100g중 바실러스 서브틸리스 1 ×1010cfu, 리조푸스 올리고스포러스 5 ×108cfu, 로도박터 캡슐라타 2.5 ×1010cfu 함유)을 각각 칭량하여 혼합기에 넣고 전체량이 100중량%가 되도록 구운 왕겨분말을 넣으면서 1차 교반후 20g의 유동파라핀(0.5중량%)을 혼합기안에 있는 내용물에 골고루 스프레이 하면서 2차 교반하여 균질화된 축산분뇨 발효촉진 및 악취제거제를 제조하였다.Stabilized wood vinegar treated with 5% by weight of ascorbic acid described in Korean Patent Application No. 10-2001-0050219 was adsorbed to zeolite (Wangpyzeolite, Wangpyo Chemical, South Korea) at a ratio of 1: 4 (stabilized woodvinegar: zeolite). 200 g of stabilized wood herb powder (5% by weight as stabilized wood herb solution) and yucca extract (Environmental-Aid, PSF Ogranic Inc., USA) were adsorbed to zeolite at a ratio of 1: 4 (yuka extract: zeolite) and dried. 200 g of extract powder (5% by weight as yucca extract), 100 g of complex microorganisms (manufactured by Inbionet Co., Ltd.) (2.5% by weight of compound microorganisms) Bacter's capsule rata 2.5 × 1010 cfu) each weighed into the mixer and put the roasted rice husk powder so that the total amount is 100% by weight, 20g of liquid paraffin (0.5% by weight) mixed after the first stirring While evenly spray the contents in the draft was prepared in the livestock manure fermentation and promote odor remover homogenized by stirring second car.
<실시예 2><Example 2>
안정화 목초액과 유카추출액을 함유하지 않는 것을 제외하고는 실시예 1과 동일하게 조성물을 제조하였다.The composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the stabilizing wood vinegar and yucca extract were not contained.
<실시예 3><Example 3>
안정화 목초액을 함유하지 않는 것을 제외하고는 실시예 1과 동일하게 조성물을 제조하였다.The composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it did not contain stabilized wood vinegar.
<실시예 4><Example 4>
안정화 목초액 대신 목초액(다나안 목초액, 주식회사 대승, 대한민국)을 사용한 것을 제외하고는 실시예 1과 동일하게 조성물을 제조하였다.A composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that wood vinegar (Danaan vinegar, Daeseung, Korea) was used instead of stabilized wood vinegar.
<실험예 1>Experimental Example 1
퇴비화(부숙도) 촉진효과 비교실험Comparative experiment to promote composting (maturity)
1. 실험방법1. Experimental method
본 발명품의 발효촉진 정도를 조사하기 위하여 전북 장수소재 C농장으로부터 82% 수분함유 돈분을 공급받아 20% 수분함유 톱밥(태흥실업 주식회사, 대한민국)을 2.65:1(돈분:톱밥)의 비율로 혼합하여 수분함량을 65%로 하여 실시예 1, 2, 3, 4를 각각 0.05%씩 혼합하였다. 이렇게 혼합된 물질을 0.8㎥ 크기의 5개 플라스틱 용기에 각각 넣은 다음 마지막 플라스틱 용기에는 아무것도 혼합하지 않고 무첨가 대조구로 사용하여 퇴비화를 실시하였으며 4일차, 9일차, 16일차 및 26일차에 각각 1회씩 뒤집기를 하였으며 1일차, 8일차, 15일차, 25일차 및 35일차에 각각의 용기 중간부분의 내용물(표면으로부터 40cm)의 온도와 총 질소 및 탄소함량을 측정하였다.To investigate the degree of fermentation promotion of the present invention, 82% water-containing pig meal was supplied from Jeonbuk Jangsu Material C Farm, and 20% water-containing sawdust (Taeheung Industry Co., Ltd., Korea) was mixed at a ratio of 2.65: 1 (pig meal: sawdust). Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 were each mixed 0.05% at a moisture content of 65%. The mixed materials were placed in 5 plastic containers of 0.8m 3 each and then composted with no additive in the last plastic container, and turned once each on the 4th, 9th, 16th and 26th days. On the 1st, 8th, 15th, 25th, and 35th days, the temperature and total nitrogen and carbon content of the contents (40 cm from the surface) of the middle portion of each vessel were measured.
2. 실험결과2. Experimental Results
실험결과, 온도변화는 하기 표 2에 나타난 바와 같이 실시예 1이 실시예 2, 3, 4 및 무첨가 대조구에 비하여 빠르게 상승하였으며 25일차 이후에는 가장 빠르게 하강하였다. 이는 실시예 1이 실시예 2, 3, 4 및 무첨가 대조구에 비하여 발효가 빠르게 진행되고 종료되었음을 의미한다. 유기물의 분해는 호기적 조건하에서 유기물이 미생물에 의해서 안정한 유기물과 물 및 이산화탄소로 산화되면서 열이 발생하는 반응이다. 따라서 퇴비화 과정중 유기물의 분해는 탄소의 감소를 의미한다. 반대로 질소량은 퇴비화과정에서 증가하는 경향을 보인다. 본 실험에서 실시예 1의 탄소감소율이 4.0%로서 실시예 2의 2.3%, 실시예 3의 2.9%, 실시예 4의 3.0%, 무첨가 대조구 1.8%에 비하여 가장 큰 감소율을 보였으며 질소 증가율은 실시예 1이 0.13%로서 실시예 2가 0.08%, 실시예 3이 0.08%, 실시예 4가 0.11%, 무첨가 대조구 0.06%보다 높았다. C/N 비율은 실시예 1이 14.5% 감소로 실시예 2는 8.9%, 실시예 3은 9.9%, 실시예 4는 11.7%, 무첨가 대조구는 6.7%에 비하여 가장 큰 감소를 보였다. 시험결과는 하기 표 2와 같다.As a result, as shown in Table 2, the temperature change was faster than Example 1 compared to Examples 2, 3, 4 and no additive control, and fell the fastest after Day 25. This means that the fermentation progressed and ended faster than in Example 1 compared to Examples 2, 3, 4 and no additive control. Decomposition of organic matter is a reaction in which heat is generated as organic matter is oxidized to stable organic matter, water and carbon dioxide under aerobic conditions. Therefore, decomposition of organic matter during composting means a reduction of carbon. In contrast, the nitrogen content tends to increase during the composting process. In this experiment, the carbon reduction rate of Example 1 was 4.0%, which was the largest reduction rate compared to 2.3% of Example 2, 2.9% of Example 3, 3.0% of Example 4, and 1.8% of no additive control. Example 1 was 0.13%, which was higher than Example 8 at 0.08%, Example 3 at 0.08%, Example 4 at 0.11%, and no additive control at 0.06%. The C / N ratio decreased by 14.5% in Example 1, 8.9% in Example 2, 9.9% in Example 3, 11.7% in Example 4, and 6.7% in the no added control. The test results are shown in Table 2 below.
<실험예 2>Experimental Example 2
돈분 중 암모니아가스 감소효과 비교실험Comparative experiment of ammonia gas reduction effect in pig meal
1. 실험방법1. Experimental method
본 발명품의 악취감소효과를 조사하기 위하여 전북 장수소재 C농장으로부터 공급받은 돈분에 톱밥(태흥실업 주식회사, 대한민국)을 2.65:1(돈분:톱밥)의 비율로 혼합하여 습도를 조절한 다음, 실시예 1, 2, 3, 4를 각각 0.05%씩 혼합하여 0.5㎥ 크기의 5개 플라스틱 용기에 3분의 2 높이만큼 각각의 혼합물을 넣은 다음, 마지막 플라스틱 용기에는 아무것도 첨가하지 않고 돈분과 톱밥만이 혼합된 물질을 넣어 무첨가 대조구로 하여 24시간 별로 각 플라스틱 혼합물 표면 중앙부위에서 가스텍(주식회사 가스치시쿠 제품, 일본)을 이용하여 암모니아 가스 농도를 측정하였다.In order to investigate the odor reduction effect of the present invention to adjust the humidity by mixing sawdust (Taeheung Industry Co., Ltd., South Korea) in the ratio of 2.65: 1 (pione: Sawdust) to the pig flour supplied from Chonbuk Jangsu material C farm, Example 0.05% of 1, 2, 3, and 4 are mixed, and each mixture is added to two 0.5 / 3 sized plastic containers by two-thirds of height, and then only the flour and sawdust are mixed without adding anything to the last plastic container. The ammonia gas concentration was measured using gastec (manufactured by Kashikushiku Co., Japan) at the center of the surface of each plastic mixture for 24 hours using the prepared material as an additive-free control.
2. 실험결과2. Experimental Results
실험결과, 실시예 1 첨가구에서는 암모니아가스가 90.8% 감소되었으며 실시예 2 첨가구는 85.9%, 각각 감소한 반면 아무것도 첨가하지 않는 무첨가 대조구는 45.2%가 감소하였다. 시험결과 하기 표 3과 같다.As a result, the ammonia gas was reduced by 90.8% in the Example 1 addition group, and 85.9% in the Example 2 addition group, respectively, and 45.2% in the no addition control group without any addition. The test results are shown in Table 3 below.
<실험예 3>Experimental Example 3
계사내 암모니아 가스 감소효과 비교실험Comparative experiment of ammonia gas reduction effect in cage
1. 실험방법1. Experimental method
각 실험예 조성물을 가축의 사료에 첨가하여 급여시 분변 내에서의 악취감소 효과를 조사하기 위하여 경기도 포천소재 S농장의 5개 양계사에 각각 5,000수의 육용병아리를 입추한 후 각 계사별로 실시예 1, 2, 3, 4를 사료에 각각 0.1% 첨가하여 급여하고 마지막 계사 병아리에게는 아무것도 첨가되지 않은 기초사료만은 급여하여 무첨가 대조구로 사용하였다.In order to investigate the effect of odor reduction in feces during feeding by adding the composition to the feed of livestock, 5,000 broiler chickens were added to five poultry farms at Pocheon S farm, Gyeonggi-do, respectively. 0.1, 1, 2, 3, and 4 were added to the feed, and only the basic feed with nothing added to the last house chicks was fed and used as an additive-free control.
악취감소 효과를 측정하기 위하여 1주 간격으로 각 계사의 입구, 중앙, 안쪽부위의 깔짚으로부터 10cm 위 지점에서 가스텍을 이용하여 암모니아 가스농도를 측정하였다.In order to measure the odor reduction effect, ammonia gas concentration was measured using gastec at a point 10 cm above the litter of the entrance, center, and inside of each cage at weekly intervals.
2. 실험결과2. Experimental Results
실험결과, 일령이 증가할수록 모든 계사에 암모니아 가스농도가 증가하였으며, 28일령시 계사내 평균 암모니아가스 농도는 실시예 1 첨가구가 8.7ppm, 실시예 2 첨가구가 10.6ppm, 실시예 3 첨가구가 9.5ppm, 실시예 4 첨가구가 9.1ppm이었으며, 아무것도 첨가하지 않은 무첨가 대조구는 21.4ppm으로 본 발명품인 실시예 1이 가장 우수한 암모니아 가스 감소효과를 나타내었다. 시험결과는 하기 표 4와 같다.As a result, the ammonia gas concentration was increased in all cages with increasing age, and the average ammonia gas concentration in cages at 28 days of age was 8.7 ppm in Example 1, 10.6 ppm in Example 2, and Example 3 Was 9.5ppm, Example 4 addition was 9.1ppm, the addition of nothing added control was 21.4ppm, Example 1 of the present invention showed the most excellent ammonia gas reduction effect. The test results are shown in Table 4 below.
이상에서 볼 수 있는 바와 같이, 본 발명에 의해 제조된 축산분뇨의 발효촉진 및 악취제거용 복합조성물은 유카추출액과 복합미생물을 적용함으로써 유기물 분해를 빠르게 하여 발효를 촉진시켜 줌으로써 분뇨의 부숙기간을 단축시켜 주고, 퇴비화 과정중 악취발생을 현저하게 감소시켜주는 효과를 얻을 수 있다.As can be seen from the above, the composite composition for promoting fermentation and odor removal of livestock manure prepared by the present invention accelerates fermentation by accelerating organic decomposition by applying yucca extract and complex microorganisms, thereby shortening the maturity period of manure. It is possible to obtain an effect that significantly reduces the occurrence of odor during the composting process.
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KR10-2001-0056275A KR100436882B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2001-09-12 | The composition for composting and deodorizing of animal wastes |
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KR101450019B1 (en) | 2014-04-15 | 2014-10-13 | 농업회사법인 이수농산 주식회사 | Cattle's wastes-manure |
KR20160126799A (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2016-11-02 | (주)일광비티 | Composition for promoting treatment of livestock wastewater and method of removing bubbles or reducing bad smell using the same in aeration tank for promoting treatment of livestock sludge |
KR102235351B1 (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2021-04-01 | 문은주 | Novel Rhodovulum sulfidophilum HMBA-1 strain and its products having odor reducing effect |
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KR20160126799A (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2016-11-02 | (주)일광비티 | Composition for promoting treatment of livestock wastewater and method of removing bubbles or reducing bad smell using the same in aeration tank for promoting treatment of livestock sludge |
KR102235351B1 (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2021-04-01 | 문은주 | Novel Rhodovulum sulfidophilum HMBA-1 strain and its products having odor reducing effect |
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