KR100436882B1 - The composition for composting and deodorizing of animal wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention contains 2-7% by weight of ascorbic acid-treated stabilized wood vinegar, 2-7% by weight of yucca extract, 2-50% by weight of mixed microorganisms, 0.5-3% by weight of liquid paraffin and 33-93.5% by weight of roasted rice husk powder. The present invention relates to a composite composition for promoting fermentation and deodorization of livestock manure, and is effective in promoting fermentation and deodorization of livestock manure when fed to livestock or sprayed or added to manure.

Description

Composite composition for promoting fermentation of livestock manure and removing odors {TH COMPOSITION FOR COMPOSTING AND DEODORIZING OF ANIMAL WASTES}

The present invention relates to a composite composition for promoting fermentation and odor removal of livestock manure mainly composed of ascorbic acid-treated stabilized wood vinegar, yucca extract and complex microorganisms, and more specifically, Korean Patent Application No. 10-2001-0050219 (Invention) Name: Ascorbic acid-treated stabilized wood vinegar and disinfectant composition containing the same) Ascorbic acid-treated stabilized wood vinegar, yucca extract, Bacillus subtilis, Rhizopus oligosporus The present invention relates to a complex composition for promoting fermentation and removing odor of livestock manure, which is used for the purpose of promoting fermentation of livestock manure and removing odors, with a complex microorganism such as Rhodobacter capsulata.

Wood vinegar is a crude wood vinegar solution obtained by cooling the smoke generated when wood is carbonized (combustion temperature of 80 ℃ ~ 150 ℃ for conventional charcoal kiln, and below 150 ℃ for smoke collection temperature for mechanical). (crude wood vinegar), the crude wood vinegar is allowed to stand for at least 2 to 3 days, separated into two or three layers, and when the two layers are separated, the red-brown aqueous solution of the middle layer is separated into three layers. A liquid obtained by de-tarting treatment such as adsorption and filtration after aging for more than six months, or filtered crude wood vinegar with a filter or by removing the unstable components from wood vinegar by distillation, etc. Transparent reddish brown, light brown and pale yellow water-soluble liquids are called refined wood vinegar (Article 6, Notification No. 1999-35, Forestry Research Institute).

Wood vinegar contains more than 200 organic acids and more than 10 kinds of minerals and vitamins. It has excellent SOD (superoxide dismutase) function that removes harmful free radicals, removes foreign substances in cells and normalizes the respiratory circuit of cells. It is already widely used in foods and medicines as a substance that acts beneficially by keeping cells healthy.

Recently, as the livestock industry has become mechanized, concentrated, scaled and grouped, the problems of livestock manure processing and livestock manure disposal limits and regional pollution load weighting problems have become serious. In particular, livestock farms are concentrated in urban suburbs and rivers, and there is a risk of water pollution due to manure, and frequent complaints from odors are causing obstacles to livestock industry development. As of the end of 2000, domestic cattle breeding heads were 1,590 thousand heads of cows, 544 thousand heads of cows, 8,214 heads of pigs, 102,547 thousand heads of chickens, and livestock manure production was 1131 thousand tons per day. It was estimated to be 25 thousand tons of cows, 23 thousand tons of Korean cattle, and 12 thousand tons of chickens (Jung, Young-il et al., 2001, p6, Plan for establishing livestock systems for environmental preservation and safety).

The treatment method of livestock manure is largely divided into resource treatment and purification treatment. Except for special cases, a resource treatment method for recycling purposes is preferable. Recycling treatment methods include fermentation treatment, drying treatment, quicklime stabilization treatment, storage liquid fertilization treatment, liquid slurry treatment method, etc., each of the above methods can be subdivided into various forms depending on the technology employed. There are two types of fermentation treatments: mechanically stirred fermentation and manual fermentation. The mechanically stirred fermentation can be used to make mature compost in a short time (15 ~ 30 days) and easy to remove moisture due to high fermentation temperature (80 ℃). And weeds can be reduced when spraying on foreign matter and agricultural land, but there are disadvantages of high installation cost and short life cycle of the facility. On the other hand, the manual fermentation treatment method has a disadvantage that the installation cost is low, but it takes a long time, the working environment is poor, the odor is generated, and the complaints may occur. The dry treatment method can easily treat manure in poultry farms with low water content and quantity without additional fermentation facilities, but has the disadvantage of high complaints due to odor diffusion. Quicklime stabilization is suitable as a large-scale treatment facility and a joint treatment facility, and since the treatment facility is sealed, there is little external environmental pollution such as odor diffusion, but the wastewater treatment generated by the dust collector deodorization device of a high temperature dryer is a disadvantage. While the storage solution ratio treatment method is simple and inexpensive, it has a disadvantage in that the storage facility is large and needs to be reduced. Liquid slurry treatment can block the source of water source, but the disadvantage is that the heat of fermentation does not rise when excessive moisture. Conventional treatment of livestock manure is made by composting the fermentation or fermentation or drying, and purifying the urine or washing water with the activated sludge process.In the case of the most common form of manure mixing, moisture control agents such as sawdust or chaff are used. It is most common to mix and ferment by fermentation, or to add fermentation accelerator and treat it as liquid fertilization.

Various fermentation accelerators and odor removers (or deodorants) are used to shorten the composting period and to reduce the odor generated during the composting process of livestock manure. Products consisting of are being used. For example, Korean Patent No. 195-0011356 discloses a wastewater and manure treatment composition consisting of malt, baker's yeast, calcium carbonate and iron sulfate and a method of using the same, and Korean Patent Publication No. 1992-009492 discloses Bacillus subtilis. (Bacillus subtilis), Bacillus stearothermophilus, Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger), Aspergillus oryzae and 5 strains of Clostridium thermocellum Disclosed is a composition method of an active fermentation agent for preventing livestock pollution. However, the microbial fermentation agents are excellent in fermentation function when applied to livestock manure, there is no elimination action of the existing odor formed, there is a disadvantage that does not effectively reduce the odor generated during the composting process of manure.

On the other hand, Korean Patent Publication No. 1990-000256 developed with a focus on odor removal removes odor produced by adding zeolite and adding a small amount of iron sulfate after mixing rice bran or red bran with Saccharomyces or Candida yeast. A remover is disclosed. However, the odor remover has a disadvantage in that the odor removal effect is excellent when applied to livestock manure, but the fermentation ability is low.

That is, the existing microbial agent has been developed with a focus on one function as a fermentation accelerator or odor removing agent, and has a problem in that it is not practical when applied to livestock manure treatment because it does not have a fermentation promoting function and odor removing function at the same time.

For example, swine manure, which accounts for 54% of the livestock manure in Korea, has the highest organic matter content in the livestock manure and the urine and wash water are mixed. There has been a problem that the fermentation promoters from pig farms to improve the fermentation function has been further improved to have an excellent effect to remove the odor has been required.

In addition, in the case of existing formulations, most of them are made of fine powder dried for the stability of the bacteria, there is a problem that occurs for the health of the worker when dust is generated when mixing in the feed or spraying on the manure.

The purpose of the present invention is to examine the results of the study to solve the above problems, ascorbic acid treated stabilization of the herb, yucca extract and composite microorganisms produced by the composite composition consisting of microorganisms when used in livestock manure and fermentation ability of livestock manure It is to provide a composite composition for promoting fermentation of livestock manure with excellent odor removal ability and removal of aguchi.

1 is a graph showing the change in temperature during the fermentation process.

Figure 2 is a graph showing the change in carbon content during fermentation.

3 is a graph showing the change in nitrogen content during the fermentation process.

4 is a graph showing changes in ammonia gas concentration in pig meal.

5 is a graph showing changes in ammonia gas concentration in cages.

In the present invention, 1 to 20% by weight of ascorbic acid is added and dissolved in ordinary wood vinegar, and aged for 6 months at room temperature, followed by 2 to 7% by weight of ascorbic acid treated stabilizing wood vinegar prepared by filtration with a filter, and 2 to 5 yucca extract. 7% by weight, 2 to 50% by weight of composite microorganisms, 0.5 to 3% by weight of liquid paraffin, and 33 to 93.5% by weight of roasted rice hull powder, wherein the composite microorganism is 1 kg of the composite microorganism, Bacillus subtilis ( Bacillus subtilis) 2 × 10 ⁹ cfu-5 × 10 ¹⁰ cfu, Rhizopus oligosporus 1 × 10 ⁸ cfu-2.5 × 10 ⁹ cfu, Rhodobacter capsulata 5 × 10 ^{The present} invention relates to a composite composition for promoting fermentation and removing odor of livestock manure, which contains ⁹ cfu to 1.25 x 10 ¹¹ cfu.

Ascorbic acid treatment stabilized wood vinegar used in the present invention (hereinafter referred to as stabilized wood vinegar) is a stabilized wood vinegar (stabilized wood vinegar) disclosed in the Republic of Korea Patent Application No. 10-2001-0050219 prepared according to a conventional wood vinegar preparation method Wood vinegar was obtained by adding and dissolving 1-20% by weight of ascorbic acid in wood vinegar at the stage before aging, and aging for 6 months at room temperature, followed by filtration with a 200 mesh filter. Ascorbic acid was used to stabilize and activate wood vinegar, and it is possible to enhance the stability and efficacy of wood vinegar by adding 1-20% by weight of wood vinegar. This prevents the oxidation of wood vinegar by inactivating oxygen oxidation ability by ascorbic acid in the electron transport system, and ascorbic acid combines with heavy metals remaining in wood vinegar to improve the purity of wood vinegar. It seems to be because it affects.

The content of the ascorbic acid-treated stabilized wood vinegar is preferably about 2 to 7% by weight. If it is less than 2% by weight, the synergistic effect of promoting fermentation and odor removal may not be sufficiently exerted. This is because there is a risk of inhibiting the stability of the microorganisms contained in the composition when the water content of the composition by more than 5% due to the sterilization action of. Since the stabilized wood vinegar used in the present invention is in a liquid phase, it is adsorbed to a 100 to 200 mesh zeolite at a ratio of 1: 3 to 1: 5 (stabilized wood vinegar: zeolite), dried and powdered.

Yucca extract used in the present invention is a natural substance extracted from a plant called Yucca schidigera, which mainly lives in the Americas, and contains 10% or more of sarsaponine, which is a main active ingredient. Yucca extract is widely used as a foaming agent for beverages and is added to feed in livestock for the purpose of promoting livestock growth and improving feed efficiency.

The yucca extract is preferably about 2 to 7% by weight, but less than 2% by weight, the odor removal effect is insufficient, on the contrary, when the content exceeds 7% by weight, it is not preferable because it is uneconomical. Since the yucca extract used in the present invention is also in a liquid phase, it is adsorbed in a ratio of 1: 3 to 1: 5 (yuka extract: zeolite) to 100 to 200 mesh zeolites, and then dried and powdered.

The microorganisms used in the present invention are microorganisms which are widely used in the field of livestock, and it is preferable to use Bacillus subtilis, Rhizopus oligosporus, Rhodobacter capsulata. desirable. Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive spore-forming bacillus isolated from soil, microscopically in the form of a simple bacilli, without a hemolytic factor, and its main mechanism of action is the production of large amounts of proteolytic enzymes. Suppress switching. Rhizopus oligosporus is a type of anaerobic fungus that proliferates in organic matter and produces energy using micronized nutrients and metabolites in the organic material itself to block proliferation of decaying microorganisms. Rhodobacter capsulata (Rhodobacter capsulata) is a red non-sulfur bacterium that photosynthesis produces energy using sulfur present in the organic material to inhibit the growth of decayed bacteria and block the occurrence of odors such as hydrogen sulfide.

It is preferable to use about 2 to 50% by weight of the combined microorganism, but when it is less than 2% by weight, the effect of promoting fermentation is insufficient. On the contrary, when the amount exceeds 50% by weight, it is impossible to maintain a proper ratio with the stabilized wood vinegar and yucca extract. Production of the composition itself is difficult and uneconomical problems arise, which is undesirable.

Bacillus subtilis 2 × 10 ⁹ cfu ~ 5 × 10 ¹⁰ cfu, Rhizopus oligosporus 1 × 10 ⁸ cfu ~ 2.5 × 10 ⁹ cfu, Rhodobacter in 1 kg of the composite composition of the present invention Rhodobacter capsulata preferably contains 5 x 10 ⁹ cfu to 1.25 x 10 ¹¹ cfu. Lower concentration than the content is insufficient fermentation promoting and odor removal effect, on the contrary higher than the content is not desirable to maintain a proper ratio with the stabilized wood vinegar or yucca extract.

In addition, the liquid paraffin (liquid paraffin) used as an auxiliary component in the present invention is preferably used 0.5 to 3.0% by weight, it is not possible to obtain the desired stability outside the range of this content. In other words, when the composition is less than 0.5% by weight, dust is generated during use of the composition, which may be harmful to workers' health. On the contrary, when the composition is more than 3.0% by weight, particles of the composition are combined to form granular masses or animals for a long time. Feeding may indicate a decrease in feed intake.

The chaff powder used as an excipient (carrier) in the present invention is baked at 90 ℃ in order to remove sterilization and water, the content of water to 2% or less and preferably used to grind to 100 to 200 mesh. If it is not sterilized or if the content of water exceeds 2%, the stability of the composition is poor. In addition, when the size of the particle size is outside the range of 100 to 200 mesh, the mixing homogeneity is reduced during the preparation of the present composition.

The present invention can be understood in more detail by the following examples and comparative examples, the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Examples and Comparative Examples

<Example 1>

Stabilized wood vinegar treated with 5% by weight of ascorbic acid described in Korean Patent Application No. 10-2001-0050219 was adsorbed to zeolite (Wangpyzeolite, Wangpyo Chemical, South Korea) at a ratio of 1: 4 (stabilized woodvinegar: zeolite). 200 g of stabilized wood herb powder (5% by weight as stabilized wood herb solution) and yucca extract (Environmental-Aid, PSF Ogranic Inc., USA) were adsorbed to zeolite at a ratio of 1: 4 (yuka extract: zeolite) and dried. 200 g of extract powder (5% by weight as yucca extract), 100 g of complex microorganisms (manufactured by Inbionet Co., Ltd.) (2.5% by weight of compound microorganisms) Bacter's capsule rata 2.5 × 1010 cfu) each weighed into the mixer and put the roasted rice husk powder so that the total amount is 100% by weight, 20g of liquid paraffin (0.5% by weight) mixed after the first stirring While evenly spray the contents in the draft was prepared in the livestock manure fermentation and promote odor remover homogenized by stirring second car.

<Example 2>

The composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the stabilizing wood vinegar and yucca extract were not contained.

<Example 3>

The composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it did not contain stabilized wood vinegar.

<Example 4>

A composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that wood vinegar (Danaan vinegar, Daeseung, Korea) was used instead of stabilized wood vinegar.

Experimental Example 1

Comparative experiment to promote composting (maturity)

1. Experimental method

To investigate the degree of fermentation promotion of the present invention, 82% water-containing pig meal was supplied from Jeonbuk Jangsu Material C Farm, and 20% water-containing sawdust (Taeheung Industry Co., Ltd., Korea) was mixed at a ratio of 2.65: 1 (pig meal: sawdust). Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 were each mixed 0.05% at a moisture content of 65%. The mixed materials were placed in 5 plastic containers of 0.8m 3 each and then composted with no additive in the last plastic container, and turned once each on the 4th, 9th, 16th and 26th days. On the 1st, 8th, 15th, 25th, and 35th days, the temperature and total nitrogen and carbon content of the contents (40 cm from the surface) of the middle portion of each vessel were measured.

Composition of additives used for fermentation of pig meal Kinds Pig meal additive composition Example 1 Stabilized Wood Vinegar + Yucca Extract + Complex Microorganism Example 2 Complex microorganism Example 3 Yucca Extract + Complex Microorganism Example 4 Wood Vinegar + Yucca Extract + Complex Microorganism Additive-free control No addition

2. Experimental Results

As a result, as shown in Table 2, the temperature change was faster than Example 1 compared to Examples 2, 3, 4 and no additive control, and fell the fastest after Day 25. This means that the fermentation progressed and ended faster than in Example 1 compared to Examples 2, 3, 4 and no additive control. Decomposition of organic matter is a reaction in which heat is generated as organic matter is oxidized to stable organic matter, water and carbon dioxide under aerobic conditions. Therefore, decomposition of organic matter during composting means a reduction of carbon. In contrast, the nitrogen content tends to increase during the composting process. In this experiment, the carbon reduction rate of Example 1 was 4.0%, which was the largest reduction rate compared to 2.3% of Example 2, 2.9% of Example 3, 3.0% of Example 4, and 1.8% of no additive control. Example 1 was 0.13%, which was higher than Example 8 at 0.08%, Example 3 at 0.08%, Example 4 at 0.11%, and no additive control at 0.06%. The C / N ratio decreased by 14.5% in Example 1, 8.9% in Example 2, 9.9% in Example 3, 11.7% in Example 4, and 6.7% in the no added control. The test results are shown in Table 2 below.

Experimental Example 2

Comparative experiment of ammonia gas reduction effect in pig meal

1. Experimental method

In order to investigate the odor reduction effect of the present invention to adjust the humidity by mixing sawdust (Taeheung Industry Co., Ltd., South Korea) in the ratio of 2.65: 1 (pione: Sawdust) to the pig flour supplied from Chonbuk Jangsu material C farm, Example 0.05% of 1, 2, 3, and 4 are mixed, and each mixture is added to two 0.5 / 3 sized plastic containers by two-thirds of height, and then only the flour and sawdust are mixed without adding anything to the last plastic container. The ammonia gas concentration was measured using gastec (manufactured by Kashikushiku Co., Japan) at the center of the surface of each plastic mixture for 24 hours using the prepared material as an additive-free control.

2. Experimental Results

As a result, the ammonia gas was reduced by 90.8% in the Example 1 addition group, and 85.9% in the Example 2 addition group, respectively, and 45.2% in the no addition control group without any addition. The test results are shown in Table 3 below.

Ammonia (NH ₃ ) gas concentration change unit: ppm Elapsed time Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Additive-free control 0 hours 30.5 29.8 31.2 30.3 31.2 24 hours 9.4 11.3 10.1 9.5 34.1 48 hours 4.6 6.4 5.8 4.9 27.4 72 hours 3.0 4.6 4.2 3.8 21.7 96 hours 2.8 4.2 3.7 3.1 17.1

Experimental Example 3

Comparative experiment of ammonia gas reduction effect in cage

1. Experimental method

In order to investigate the effect of odor reduction in feces during feeding by adding the composition to the feed of livestock, 5,000 broiler chickens were added to five poultry farms at Pocheon S farm, Gyeonggi-do, respectively. 0.1, 1, 2, 3, and 4 were added to the feed, and only the basic feed with nothing added to the last house chicks was fed and used as an additive-free control.

In order to measure the odor reduction effect, ammonia gas concentration was measured using gastec at a point 10 cm above the litter of the entrance, center, and inside of each cage at weekly intervals.

2. Experimental Results

As a result, the ammonia gas concentration was increased in all cages with increasing age, and the average ammonia gas concentration in cages at 28 days of age was 8.7 ppm in Example 1, 10.6 ppm in Example 2, and Example 3 Was 9.5ppm, Example 4 addition was 9.1ppm, the addition of nothing added control was 21.4ppm, Example 1 of the present invention showed the most excellent ammonia gas reduction effect. The test results are shown in Table 4 below.

Changes in ammonia (NH <sub> 3 </ sub>) gas concentration in cages: ppm Age Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Additive-free control 7 days old 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.8 14 days of age 2.4 2.9 2.5 2.6 5.7 21 days old 5.3 6.4 5.7 5.7 12.9 28 days of age 8.7 10.6 9.5 9.1 21.4 Therefore, as described above, as a result of experiments comparing Examples 1 to 4 with no additive control, Experimental Example 2 shows a rapid change in temperature which shows the progress of fermentation and organic decomposition, so that it is effective in promoting composting. It can be seen that the ammonia gas in pig meal is reduced by 90.8% after 96 hours in Example 1, and in ammonia gas detection experiments in cages, the concentration of ammonia gas increases in cages where the age is usually increased. It can be seen that the amount is significantly increased compared to the no addition control. Therefore, the composite composition prepared according to the present invention has the effect of enabling the removal of odor due to ammonia gas generation as well as promoting fermentation.

As can be seen from the above, the composite composition for promoting fermentation and odor removal of livestock manure prepared by the present invention accelerates fermentation by accelerating organic decomposition by applying yucca extract and complex microorganisms, thereby shortening the maturity period of manure. It is possible to obtain an effect that significantly reduces the occurrence of odor during the composting process.

Claims (4)

Ascorbic acid was added in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight, dissolved, and aged for 6 months at room temperature, followed by filtration with a filter for producing ascorbic acid-treated stabilized wood vinegar, 2-7% by weight, and 2-7% by weight of yucca extract. WHEREIN: 2-50 weight% of composite microorganisms, 0.5-3 weight% of liquid paraffin, and 33-93.5 weight% of roasted rice husk powder, Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) is 2 × 10 ⁹ cfu ~ 5 × 10 ¹⁰ cfu, 1 × 10 ⁸ cfu ~ 2.5 × 10 ⁹ cfu, Rhodo Rhodobacter capsulata (Rhodobacter capsulata) is a complex composition for promoting fermentation and odor removal of livestock manure, characterized in that it contains 5 × 10 ⁹ cfu ~ 1.25 × 10 ¹¹ cfu. The method of claim 1, The roasted rice husk powder has a moisture content of 2% or less, and the particles have a size of 100 to 200 mesh. delete delete