WO2006087594A1 - A process for treatment of meat industry wastes - Google Patents
A process for treatment of meat industry wastes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006087594A1 WO2006087594A1 PCT/HU2005/000054 HU2005000054W WO2006087594A1 WO 2006087594 A1 WO2006087594 A1 WO 2006087594A1 HU 2005000054 W HU2005000054 W HU 2005000054W WO 2006087594 A1 WO2006087594 A1 WO 2006087594A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- mass parts
- mass
- meat industry
- solution
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N thymol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1O MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000005844 Thymol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229960000790 thymol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920000715 Mucilage Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001634106 Phlebiopsis gigantea Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 4
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 /or Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 23
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000194017 Streptococcus Species 0.000 description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000003022 colostrum Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 235000021277 colostrum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000146399 Ceriporiopsis Species 0.000 description 3
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013622 meat product Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010812 mixed waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000282849 Ruminantia Species 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010822 slaughterhouse waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002881 soil fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000385 Brassica napus var. napus Species 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208818 Helianthus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000123255 Peniophora Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- JYIBXUUINYLWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;calcium;potassium;silicon;sodium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Na].[Al].[Si].[K].[Ca] JYIBXUUINYLWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical class [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910001603 clinoptilolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000003 hoof Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002601 urease inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005418 vegetable material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/10—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for treatment of meat industry wastes.
- the product resulting from the process may be used as soil fertilizer or carrier of artificial fertilizers or microbial inoculating preparations.
- the product is used as fertilizer.
- the C/N proportion of the waste material deposed in layers is set to 40 to 50 the mixture is sterilized in anaerobic way at the temperature of 50 to 60 C°.
- the waste material is then compacted and aerobically treated during 60 to 90
- compost is prepared in stacks covered with laminated foil in closed system wherein oxygen is automatically supplied in accordance to the temperature and oxygen concentration of the stack.
- the composted material may be delivered
- the coarse waste is reduced to pulp in mechanic way then the mixture is heated up to 120 C 0 under pressure of 2 bars.
- the process is performed in such a way that the waste material is chopped
- PCT/DK0100553 is to reduce number of viable microorganisms in meat
- the solid or liquid organic material is hydrolyzed with calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide at a temperature of 100 to 220 C° in a high pressure cooker.
- the pH of the meat industry waste material is set to a value between 5.8 and
- magnesium chloride in ratio of 2 to 1 are added to the mixture then 3 to 5 mass parts of mucilage of vegetable oil industry and 0.25 to 0.75 mass parts
- the supernatant fat is removed in both stages of heat-treatment and 0.2 to 0.7 mass parts of solution of 6 to 10 mass % of mixture of carbacrole and thymol in ratio of 1 to 1 or 0.2 to 0.8 mass parts of solution of
- the following components 30 to 40 mass parts of meat industry waste of dry material content of
- the mixture is then optionally pre-chopped and undergoes wet grinding until the grain size less than 2 mm is reached.
- the mixture is then composted in an open or covered stack.
- Fat cattle or pig dung diluted with water in proportion 1 to 1 is advantageously added to the mixture before the heat-treatment in an
- colostrum turned into waste, 10 to 20 mass parts of meat products for human consumption turned into waste and 10 to 15 mass parts of blood of normally slaughtered raminants.
- the dry material content of the mixture is advantageously set to 15 to 35
- the particle size of components is set to 1.8 to 3.4 cm in the process.
- the mixture is homogenized optionally 0.2 to 0.7 mass parts of a mixture of solutions of 3 to 9 % of carvacrole and thymol in proportion 2 to 1 or 0.2 to 0.8 mass parts of a mixture of solution of 3 to 6 mass % of thymol and
- the odor emission may be reduced in unexpected extent by adding the above
- the heat-treatment is performed in such a way that the pH value of the meat
- dilution ratio 1 to 1 buffered to pH 6.8 to 7.5 or lean liquid dung of dilution ratio 1 mass part of dung to 3 mass parts of water is optionally added to 100 mass parts of mixture.
- the heat-treatment is performed in two stages in anaerobic environment with
- the temperature of the mixture is raised up to 130 to 160 C°
- the mixture to inhibit deposition of contaminants.
- the mixture is then allowed to stand during about 35 to 50 minutes and the
- the pH value is set to the range of 7.2 to 8.4.
- the mixture is then continuously mixed and incubated at 35 to 43 C° in anaerobic environment during 24 to 48 hours.
- the dry material content is set to 10 to 40 mass % after the treatment.
- the pre-treatment is performed in such a way that the vegetable waste of
- the germ number of the microorganism culture is 10 6 to 10 9 cells per ml.
- the plant parts are chopped into parts of size of 2 to 5 cm before stacking.
- the mixture of wastes of above-mentioned composition is homogenized and
- the dry material content is set to 40 to 48 mass %.
- the mixture is wet-ground if necessary.
- the mixture is then composted in either open or closed stack composting
- the width of stack is 3 to 3.5 m the height is 1.5 to 1.7 m in the compost
- the width of stacks is 6 to 8 m the height is 3 to 4 m in the compost making
- the whole stack material is optionally sieved after the thermophylic stage at less than 50 C° in such a way that the particles larger than 2 to 2.5 cm are
- the produced compost may be used as soil fertilizer or as carrier of artificial
- the meat industry waste material is specially pre-treated, which results in a reduced odor and ammonia emission during composting.
- Meat industry sewage sludge of high fat content may be utilized as
- a product which may be used as either fertilizer to restore production
- meat packing plants are as follows: 40 mass parts of maw and bowel content,
- the dry material content of the mixture is set to 20 mass %, the particle sizes
- the pH of the mixture is set to 6.2 with 1 mass part of orthophosphoric acid
- pH 7.2 (diluted with water in proportion 1 to 1) is added to 100 mass parts of
- separator is added to the mixture as anti foam agent and catalyst.
- the heat-treatment is performed in two stages in anaerobic environment with
- the temperature of the mixture is raised to 150 C 0 and kept
- the mixture is then heated again up to 120 C 0 , the temperature is maintained
- the pH is set to 8.0
- the mixture is then continuously mixed and incubated at 40 C° in anaerobic
- the dry material content of the mixture is set to 41 mass % after the
- the pre-treatment is performed in such a way that arboreous plant parts are inoculated with a culture of Peniophora gigantea of ATCC No. 32894
- the efficient germ count is 10 8 germs per ml.
- the vegetable particles are chopped to particle size of 4 cm before building up of the stacks.
- the above-described mixture of waste products is homogenized, the dry material content is set to 46 mass % and composted in open stack composting
- the width of stack is 3 m the height is 1.5 m.
- the stacks are turned over each week.
- Dewar's self-heating test i. e. self-heating to 20 to 30 C 0 is reached.
- the mixture used in the control experiment consists of 30 mass parts of slaughterhouse waste products i. e. skin, feather, content of maw and bowels
- thermophylic phase took place after the 33 rd day in the process
- the measured germ numbers of f. coliform and f. Streptococcus were higher by one order of magnitude in the control example.
- the dynamic breathing intensity of the compost according to invention shows significantly higher oxygen consumption, at the same time the compost according to invention may be regarded much more ripened.
- meat packing plants and used in the process are as follows: 30 mass parts of maw and bowel content 15 mass parts of skin, 15 mass parts of unhatched
- the dry material content of the mixture is set to 23 mass % and the particle
- a mixture of above mentioned meat industry waste products of defined proportions undergoes heat-treatment of two stages based on degreasing.
- the pH of the above mentioned meat industry waste is set to pH 6.7 with orthophosphoric acid of 0.8 mass % before the heat-treatment.
- the heat-treatment is performed in two stages in anaerobic environment and
- the temperature of the mixture is raised to 158 C 0 in the first step, during 36 minutes then cooled to a temperature under 80 C° adding condensation liquid
- mass % is added to inhibit deposition of contaminants.
- the mixture is heated up again thereafter to 125 C°, the temperature is
- the mixture is then continuously mixed and incubated at 39 C° in anaerobic environment during 48 hours.
- the dry material content of the mixture is set to 37 mass % after the
- thermophilic system having pH 6.5 to 8.0 dry material content of 30 to
- the pre-treatment is performed in such a way that the waste of branches, twigs, or vine-branches is inoculated with a mixture of proportion 1 to 1 of
- the mixture is delivered in liquid carrier 1.5 months
- the vegetable parts are chopped into particles of size of 3.5 cm before stacking.
- the mixture of waste products composed according the above-described quantities is homogenized, the dry material content is set to 44 mass % and composted in open or closed stack composting system.
- the width of stack is 3.1 m, the height is 1.6 m in open composting system.
- the stacks are turned over every week.
- thermophylic stage where x ⁇ 50 C° the whole material of stack is sieved in such a way that the particles larger than 2.5 cm are separated.
- slaughterhouse waste i. e. skin, feather, maw and bowel content heat-treated at 180 C° under overpressure of 3 bars during 30 minutes 30 mass parts of
- slaughterhouses and meat packing plants and used in the process are as follows: 30 mass parts of maw and bowel content, 15 mass parts of feather, 15 mass parts of unhatched eggs, 20 mass parts of colostrum turned into waste, 10 mass parts of meat products aimed for human consumption turned
- the dry material content of the mixture is set to 23 mass %, the particle sizes
- the above-mentioned meat industry waste material undergoes a two-stage heat-treatment based on fat removing in such a way that pH of 100 mass parts
- orthophosphoric acid of 0.8 mass %. 2 mass parts of mucilage of vegetable oil industry containing fine fiber stuff of pH 6.5, dry material content of 22 mass % and 0.55 mass parts of copper
- the temperature of the mixture is raised to 158 C° during 36 minutes then the mixture is cooled to a temperature lower than 80 C°
- the mixture is allowed to stand during 55 minutes and the supernatant fat is
- the mixture is then heated to 125 C° again the temperature is maintained during 20 minutes the mixture is then cooled to a temperature lower than 50
- the mixture is then allowed to stand during 46 minutes and the fat collecting
- the pH is set to a value between 7.2 and 8.4.
- the mixture is then continuously mixed and incubated at 39 C° in anaerobic
- the dry material content of the mixture is set to 30 mass % after the
- the mixture is lead to composting and mixed together with the following
- pet food originating from thermophylic system having pH 6.5 to 8.0, dry material content of 30 to 45 mass % germ numbers of f. coliform and f. Streptococcus less than 20 cells/g respectively,
- the mixture is composted in closed stack during 2 weeks until the dynamic balance
- control experiment is performed using the mixture of following composition: 30 mass parts of waste product of slaughterhouse such as skin feather maw and bowel content treated at 180 C 0 under overpressure of 3
Abstract
The process of invention is characterized in that the 100 mass parts of meat industry waste products is optionally mixed with 15 to 35 mass parts of watery cattle or pig dung and 3 to 5 mass parts of mucilage of vegetable oil industry and 0.25 to 0.75 mass parts of copper (II) sulfate solution. The mixture is heat-treated and degreased in two stages then 0.2 to 0.7 mass parts of solution of a mixture of carbacrole and thymol or 0.2 to 0.8 mass parts of solution of a mixture of thymol and magnesium chloride is admixed and the mixture is incubated. The 30 to 40 mass parts of meat industry waste product treated in the above way and having dry material content of 10 to 40 mass %, 25 to 30 mass parts of residue material originating from biogas production, 10 to 20 mass parts of meat industry sewage sludge and 2 to 35 mass parts of pretreated chopped branches, -twigs vine-branches or -stalks of arboreous plants are mixed together and the mixture is then homogenized and optionally pre-milled and the mixture is composted in open or closed stacks, the compost - in a given case - is sieved after the thermophylic composting stage and the fine grained material is further composted.
Description
A PROCESS FOR TREATMENT OF MEAT INDUSTRY WASTES
The invention relates to a process for treatment of meat industry wastes.
The product resulting from the process may be used as soil fertilizer or carrier of artificial fertilizers or microbial inoculating preparations. A method for treatment of wastes of animal origin, which cannot be used as
pet food, is described in the Hungarian patent description of No. HU 219 774.
According to the description the wastes of animal origin to be disposed are
chopped into pieces of 50 mm and homogenized. The dry material content of
the mixture is set the mixture is then treated with protolytic enzymes then
heat-treated at 100 to 180 C° and under overpressure of 2 to 3 bars during 20 to 60 minutes and the pH is set to a value between 8 and 10 after the treatment. The product is used as fertilizer.
According to the Hungarian patent description of No. HU 198 662 the
humidity of meat industry waste is set to 40 to 60 volume % then the material
is filled into a retention basin provided with drainage.
The C/N proportion of the waste material deposed in layers is set to 40 to 50 the mixture is sterilized in anaerobic way at the temperature of 50 to 60 C°.
The waste material is then compacted and aerobically treated during 60 to 90
days. One of the best-known compost preparation methods is described in the
published Hungarian patent application registered under No. P0004917.
According to the description compost is prepared in stacks covered with
laminated foil in closed system wherein oxygen is automatically supplied in accordance to the temperature and oxygen concentration of the stack.
After the ripening of 3 to 4 weeks the composted material may be delivered
to after-ripening.
The Hungarian patent description of No. 217 670 describes a process aiming at the utilization of relatively high fat content of wastes of animal origin for energetic purposes.
According to the process the coarse waste is reduced to pulp in mechanic way then the mixture is heated up to 120 C0 under pressure of 2 bars.
The pressure is reduced thereafter the pulp is allowed to stand during 5 to 120
minutes. The fat content settles out in this time.
The gases and vapors produced during the process are condensed and the
watery phase is soaked up with vegetable material.
The Hungarian patent description of No. HU 205 739 aims at the disposal of hair, hooves or claws remaining in slaughterhouses. The process produces
slowly degradable biological dung of high organic material content from
dangerous wastes, which, in addition may be enriched with trace elements.
The process is performed in such a way that the waste material is chopped
mixed with quicklime then the mixture is treated with heat at 140 to 150 C0
under changing pressure.
The target described in the published patent application of No.
PCT/DK0100553 is to reduce number of viable microorganisms in meat
industry wastes.
The solid or liquid organic material is hydrolyzed with calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide at a temperature of 100 to 220 C° in a high pressure cooker.
The lime added for disinfecting precipitates orthophosphates solved in the
waste material.
The processes of biological degradation of waste products of slaughterhouses or meat packing plants especially those under incomplete anaerobic
conditions are accompanied with considerable odor emission (Mackie R. I. & others: "Biochemical identification and biological origin of key odor components in livestock waste" Journal of Anim.Sci.76, pp 1331 to 1342, 1998).
The research results up to now show that the odor emission is closely
connected with the intensity of odor the quantity of fatty acids of short
carbon chain with concentration of dimethyl-sulfide and hydrogen sulfide, as
well as with carbon dioxide emission. The concentration of ammonia gas is not always in direct ratio with the rise
of odor emission (R. Noble & others: "Olfactory response to Mushroom
Composting Emissions as a Function of Chemical Concentration" Journal of
Environmental Quality 30, pp: 760 to 767, 2001).
The most important odoriferous matters are listed in the table below (I.
Barόtfi: Environment Technique [Kornyezettechnika], Publisher for Agriculturists [Mezόgazda Kiadό] pp: 203 to 206, 2000).
The application of the following materials is recommended to reduce the
emission of ammonia and odor:
• preparations of enzymes and microbes,
• additives of acidifying effect,
• magnesium and calcium nitrates,
• unstable carbon source,
• adsorbents like clinoptilolite or peat,
• urease inhibitors,
• saponin as vegetable extract,
• oxidizing agents like potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide,
chlorine, ozone, treatment with UV rays.
We have set the target to develop a process for treatment of meat industry
the heat-treated waste material is mixed with other waste materials then the mixture is composted.
The characteristics of the process are as follows.
The pH of the meat industry waste material is set to a value between 5.8 and
7.0. and 100 mass parts of waste is optionally mixed with watery cattle or pig
dung buffered to pH of 6.8 to 7.5. Optionally 0.2 to 0.7 mass parts of solution of 6 to 10 mass % of mixture of carbacrole and thymol in ratio of 1 to 1 or 0.2 to 0.8 mass parts of solution of 3 to 12 mass % of mixture of thymol and
magnesium chloride in ratio of 2 to 1 are added to the mixture then 3 to 5 mass parts of mucilage of vegetable oil industry and 0.25 to 0.75 mass parts
of copper (II) sulfate solution of 10 to 15 mass % are added. The mixture is treated with heat in two stages at 130 to 160 C° and 110 to 130 C°
respectively. The supernatant fat is removed in both stages of heat-treatment and 0.2 to 0.7 mass parts of solution of 6 to 10 mass % of mixture of carbacrole and thymol in ratio of 1 to 1 or 0.2 to 0.8 mass parts of solution of
3 to 12 mass % of mixture of thymol and magnesium chloride in ratio of 2 to
1 are admixed. The mixture is incubated at pH between 7.2 and 8.4 and 35 to
43 C0 in anaerobic environment.
The following components: 30 to 40 mass parts of meat industry waste of dry material content of
10 to 40 mass % treated in this way,
25 to 30 mass parts of residual material of biogas production from
meat industry waste,
10 to 20 mass parts of meat industry sewage sludge having dry
material content of 15 to 30 mass % and fat content of at least 20 mass % and
2 to 35 mass parts of chopped branches, twigs, vine-branches or stalks
of arboreous plants pre-treated with microorganism cultures of Peniophora
gigantea or Ceriporiopsis subvermisphora or mixture of these ones are mixed together the mixture is homogenized and the dry material content is set to 40 to 48 mass %.
The mixture is then optionally pre-chopped and undergoes wet grinding until the grain size less than 2 mm is reached.
The mixture is then composted in an open or covered stack.
In given case the compost is sieved after the thermophylic composting stage the particles of size greater than 2 to 2.5 cm are separated then the
composting of fine grained material is continued.
Fat cattle or pig dung diluted with water in proportion 1 to 1 is advantageously added to the mixture before the heat-treatment in an
advantageous embodiment of the process.
Lean cattle or pig dung diluted with water in proportion 1 to 3 is added to the
mixture according to another advantageous embodiment. It is advantageous to add 0.2 to 0.5 mass parts of trisodium monophosphate
or sodium metasilicate solution to the mixture after the first stage of heat-
treatment.
The composting advantageously continues until dynamic breathing intensity
of at most 80 mg of O2 per kg of compost per hour and Dewar's self-heating
The meat industry waste produced in slaughterhouses and in meat packing
plants applicable for the process advantageously consists of the following components calculated to the dry material content:
30 to 40 mass parts of maw and bowel content, 10 to 15 mass parts of feather
or skin, 5 to 15 mass parts of unhatched eggs, 10 to 20 mass parts of
colostrum turned into waste, 10 to 20 mass parts of meat products for human consumption turned into waste and 10 to 15 mass parts of blood of normally slaughtered raminants.
The dry material content of the mixture is advantageously set to 15 to 35
mass % the particle size of components is set to 1.8 to 3.4 cm in the process.
The mixture is homogenized optionally 0.2 to 0.7 mass parts of a mixture of solutions of 3 to 9 % of carvacrole and thymol in proportion 2 to 1 or 0.2 to 0.8 mass parts of a mixture of solution of 3 to 6 mass % of thymol and
solution of 10 to 12 mass % of MgCl2 in proportion 2 to 1 is added to the
mixture of wastes in order to reduce odor emission and for antiseptic effect. The odor emission may be reduced in unexpected extent by adding the above
mentioned additives either before and/or after the heat treatment. The multi-stage heat treatment of meat industry waste materials accompanied
with removing fat constitutes essential part of the process.
The heat-treatment is performed in such a way that the pH value of the meat
industry waste is set to 5.8 to 7.0 with solution of 0.2 to 1 mass % of ortophosphoric acid. 15 to 35 mass parts of either fat cattle or pig dung of
dilution ratio 1 to 1 buffered to pH 6.8 to 7.5 or lean liquid dung of dilution
ratio 1 mass part of dung to 3 mass parts of water is optionally added to 100 mass parts of mixture.
3 to 5 mass parts of mucilage gained from sunflower or colza oil production
containing fine fiber stuff gained by desliming having pH of 6.0 to 6.5 and
dry material content of 15 to 30 mass % or 2 to 4 mass parts of other
mucilage of vegetable oil production and 0.25 to 0.75 mass parts of copper
(II) sulfate solution of 10 to 15 % are added to the mixture as anti foam additive and/or catalyst.
The heat-treatment is performed in two stages in anaerobic environment with
condensation of the produced gases and vapors.
In the first stage the temperature of the mixture is raised up to 130 to 160 C°
during 25 to 40 minutes then the mixture is cooled to a temperature lower
than 80 C° advantageously by adding condensation liquid then the mixture is
allowed to stand during 40 to 65 minutes and the supernatant fat is removed
mechanically.
0.2 to 0.4 mass parts of trisodium monophosphate of 0.2 to 1 mass % or 0.25
to 0.50 mass parts of sodium metasilicate of 0.2 to 1 mass % is added then to
the mixture to inhibit deposition of contaminants.
The mixture is heated again up to 110 to 130 C0 this temperature is
maintained during 20 to 25 minutes then the mixture is cooled to a
temperature lower than 50 C0 advantageously by adding condensation liquid.
The mixture is then allowed to stand during about 35 to 50 minutes and the
fat collected on the surface is mechanically separated.
After the intensive heat-treatment either 0.2 to 0.7 mass parts of mixture of
proportion 1 to 1 of carvacrole solution of 6 to 10 mass % and that of thymol or 0.2 to 0.8 mass parts of mixture of proportion 2 to 1 of thymol solution of
3 to 6 mass % and MgCl2 solution of 10 to 12 mass % are added to the
mixture in order to reduce odor and ammonia emissions. The pH value is set to the range of 7.2 to 8.4.
The mixture is then continuously mixed and incubated at 35 to 43 C° in anaerobic environment during 24 to 48 hours.
The dry material content is set to 10 to 40 mass % after the treatment.
The mixture of the following composition is made hereafter:
- 30 to 40 mass parts of heat-treated and aerobically stabilized meat
industry waste material as described above of dry material content of
10 to 40 mass %,
- 25 to 30 mass parts of residual material produced by biogas production from pet food and meat industry waste having dry material
content from 25 to 30 mass % dynamic breathing intensity less than
1000 mg of O2 per kg of dry material per hour, pH from 6.5 to 8.0; germ counts of f. conform and f. Streptococcus are 20 cells per g,
- 10 to 20 mass parts of meat industry sewage sludge of high fat content
having fat content higher than 20 % and total nitrogen content of at
most 0.5 mass %,
- 2 to 35 mass parts of chopped and pre-treated branches, twigs, vine-
branches or stalks of arboreous plants.
The pre-treatment is performed in such a way that the vegetable waste of
arboreous plants is inoculated either with culture of Peniophora gigantea of
ATCC No. 32894 or that of Ceriporiopsis subvermisphora of ATCC No.
96608 or with a mixture of them in proportion 1 to 1 on liquid carrier 1 or 1.5
months before compost making.
The germ number of the microorganism culture is 106 to 109 cells per ml.
The plant parts are chopped into parts of size of 2 to 5 cm before stacking.
The mixture of wastes of above-mentioned composition is homogenized and
the dry material content is set to 40 to 48 mass %.
The mixture is wet-ground if necessary.
The mixture is then composted in either open or closed stack composting
system.
The width of stack is 3 to 3.5 m the height is 1.5 to 1.7 m in the compost
making in open stacks. The width of stacks is 6 to 8 m the height is 3 to 4 m in the compost making
in closed stacks.
The whole stack material is optionally sieved after the thermophylic stage at less than 50 C° in such a way that the particles larger than 2 to 2.5 cm are
separated. Having removed the separated particles the stacks are re-built and the
compost making continues.
The compost making continues until the dynamic breathing intensity of at
most 80 mg of O2 per kg of compost per hour, respectively the V. ripening
stage according Dewar's self-heating test i. e. self-heating of 20 to 30 C° is reached.
The produced compost may be used as soil fertilizer or as carrier of artificial
fertilizers or microbial inoculating preparations. The advantages of the process according to invention are as follows.
The meat industry waste material is specially pre-treated, which results in a reduced odor and ammonia emission during composting.
In the process the pre-treated meat industry waste material is composted in
mixture with other waste materials of meat industry. The common utilization
of different kinds of meat industry waste materials is enabled in this way.
Meat industry sewage sludge of high fat content may be utilized as
component of initial mixture without degreasing in the process.
A product, which may be used as either fertilizer to restore production
capacity of the soil or as carrier material of large surface, may be produced
by an environment-sparing process.
The process according to invention is shown by the examples of
embodiments below.
Example 1
The components of mixed waste product originating from slaughterhouses or
meat packing plants are as follows: 40 mass parts of maw and bowel content,
10 mass parts of feather or skin , 5 mass parts of unhatched eggs, 10 mass
parts of colostrum turned into waste, 20 mass parts of meat products for
human consumption turned into waste and 15 mass parts of blood of normally slaughtered raminants.
The dry material content of the mixture is set to 20 mass %, the particle sizes
of components are set to 1.8 to 2.5 cm and the mixture is then homogenized. The above described mixture undergoes a multi-stage heat treatment based on fat extraction.
The pH of the mixture is set to 6.2 with 1 mass part of orthophosphoric acid
solution of 1 mass % and 25 mass parts of fat cattle liquid dung buffered to
pH 7.2 (diluted with water in proportion 1 to 1) is added to 100 mass parts of
the mixture before the heat-treatment.
3 mass parts of mucilage containing fine fiber stuff of pH 6.5 and dry material content of 15 mass % gained by desliming of sunflower oil with
separator is added to the mixture as anti foam agent and catalyst.
The heat-treatment is performed in two stages in anaerobic environment with
condensation of produced gases and vapor.
In the first stage the temperature of the mixture is raised to 150 C0 and kept
during 38 minutes then the mixture is cooled to a temperature lower than 80
C0 advantageously by adding condensation liquid and allowed to stand
during 44 minutes and the supernatant fat is removed mechanically. 0.4 mass
parts of trisodium monophosphate solution of 0.5 mass % is then added to the mixture.
The mixture is then heated again up to 120 C0, the temperature is maintained
during about 25 minutes then the mixture is cooled to a temperature lower
The mixture is then allowed to stand during 47 minutes then the fat collected
on the surface is mechanically separated.
After the intensive heat treatment 0.3 mass parts of the mixture of proportion
1 to 1 of solutions of 0.7 mass % of carvacrole and thymol is added in order
to reduce odor and ammonia emission and to gain antiseptic effect. The pH is set to 8.0
The mixture is then continuously mixed and incubated at 40 C° in anaerobic
environment during 24 hours.
The dry material content of the mixture is set to 41 mass % after the
treatment.
A mixture consisting of the following raw materials is made hereafter:
- 40 mass parts of heat-treated and aerobically stabilized meat industry
waste material (as described above),
- 28 mass parts of residual material of biogas production from meat industry waste comprising maw and bowel content, feather, skin, meat
products for human consumption, pet food having pH 7.5, dry material
content of 40 %, germ counts of f. coliform and f. Streptococcus of 20
cells per g,
- 10 mass parts of meat industry sewage sludge of high fat content
wherein the fat content is 41 mass % calculated to dry material
content,
- 22 mass parts of chopped and pre-treated branches, twigs, vine-
branches or stalks of arboreous plants.
The pre-treatment is performed in such a way that arboreous plant parts are inoculated with a culture of Peniophora gigantea of ATCC No. 32894
delivered in liquid carrier one month before composting to render lignocellulose workable.
The efficient germ count is 108 germs per ml.
The vegetable particles are chopped to particle size of 4 cm before building up of the stacks.
The above-described mixture of waste products is homogenized, the dry material content is set to 46 mass % and composted in open stack composting
system.
The width of stack is 3 m the height is 1.5 m.
The stacks are turned over each week.
After the thermophylic stage where x<50 C0 the whole material of stack is
sieved in such a way that the particles larger than 2 cm are separated.
Having removed the separated particles stacks are built up again and the
composting continues.
The composting continues until the dynamic breathing intensity of at most 80
mg of O2 per kg of compost per hour and V. ripening stage according to
Dewar's self-heating test i. e. self-heating to 20 to 30 C0 is reached.
The important parameters of the compost end product according to the
invention and those of the product of control experiment are listed in the
Table 1.
The temperatures of stacks measured every day during compost making are
shown in the Figure 1. The daily temperatures of stacks are shown in the
graph in Figure 1.
In the Figure 1 the marks • show the values corresponding to the invention,
the marks ■ show those of the control experiment.
The mixture used in the control experiment consists of 30 mass parts of slaughterhouse waste products i. e. skin, feather, content of maw and bowels
heat-treated at 180 C°, and under overpressure of 3 bar, 30 mass parts of
cattle manure, 30 mass parts of straw and 10 mass parts of soil comprising 25
mass % of clay.
This mixture is composted in stacks of trapezoid cross-section in open form. It may be established on the base of results in the Table 1 that the minimum
temperature necessary for sterilization of 55 to 60 C° is reached in some days
in the stack according to invention in contrast with the control stack, wherein
this value was reached after 19 to 22 days.
A second thermophylic phase took place after the 33rd day in the process
described in the example, which promoted the sterilization as high as possible
of the material constituting the stack. The most important percentages of components and parameters of compost
produced according to invention and those of the control experiment are
shown in the Table 1.
Table 1
according to invention has potassium and nitrogen contents higher by 18 to 28 % than that of control experiment.
The measured germ numbers of f. coliform and f. Streptococcus were higher by one order of magnitude in the control example.
The dynamic breathing intensity of the compost according to invention shows significantly higher oxygen consumption, at the same time the compost according to invention may be regarded much more ripened.
Example 2
All is done as in the Example 1 but 0.3 mass parts of mixture consisting of solutions of carvacrole and thymol of 7 mass % in proportion of 1 to 1 is
added to the mixture both before and after the heat-treatment.
Example 3
The components of the mixed waste produced in the slaughterhouses and
meat packing plants and used in the process are as follows: 30 mass parts of maw and bowel content 15 mass parts of skin, 15 mass parts of unhatched
eggs, 20 mass parts of colostrum turned into waste, 10 mass parts of meat
products aimed for human consumption and turned into waste and 10 mass
parts of blood of normally slaughtered ruminants. The dry material content of the mixture is set to 23 mass % and the particle
sizes of components are set to 2 to 3 cm by chopping then the mixture is
homogenized.
A mixture of above mentioned meat industry waste products of defined proportions undergoes heat-treatment of two stages based on degreasing. The pH of the above mentioned meat industry waste is set to pH 6.7 with orthophosphoric acid of 0.8 mass % before the heat-treatment.
2 mass parts of mucilage gained from sunflower oil production containing fine fiber stuff gained at desliming by separator after pressing having pH 6.5 and dry material content of 22 % and 0.55 mass parts of copper (II) sulfate solution of 11 mass % are added to the mixture before the heat-treatment.
The heat-treatment is performed in two stages in anaerobic environment and
with condensation of produced vapors and gases.
The temperature of the mixture is raised to 158 C0 in the first step, during 36 minutes then cooled to a temperature under 80 C° adding condensation liquid
then the mixture is allowed to stand during 55 minutes. The supernatant fat is
mechanically removed. 0.40 mass parts of sodium metasilicate solution of 1
mass % is added to inhibit deposition of contaminants.
The mixture is heated up again thereafter to 125 C°, the temperature is
maintained during about 20 minutes then the mixture is cooled to a
temperature under 50 C° and allowed to stay during 46 minutes. The
supernatant fat is mechanically removed.
After the intensive heat-treatment 0.36 mass parts of a mixture of proportion
2 to 1 solution of thymol of 5 mass % and that of MgCl2 of 10 mass % is added as stabilizer in order to reduce emission of ammonia and odor and to
reach antiseptic effect.
The mixture is then continuously mixed and incubated at 39 C° in anaerobic environment during 48 hours.
The dry material content of the mixture is set to 37 mass % after the
treatment. The following raw materials are mixed together thereafter for compost making:
- 30 mass parts of heat-treated and aerobically stabilized meat industry waste material as described above,
- 25 mass parts of meat industry waste products i. e. maw and bowel content, feather, skin, meat industry products aimed to human
consumption, solid residue matter of pet food originating from
thermophilic system having pH 6.5 to 8.0 dry material content of 30 to
45 mass % and germ counts of f. coliform and f. Streptococcus less
than 20 germs/g,
- 18 mass parts of meat industry sewage sludge of high fat content having 34 mass % fat content calculated to dry material,
- 27 mass parts of chopped and pre-treated branches, twigs, vine-
branches and stalks of arboreous plants.
The pre-treatment is performed in such a way that the waste of branches, twigs, or vine-branches is inoculated with a mixture of proportion 1 to 1 of
cultures of Peniophora gigantea of ATCC No. 32894 and Ceriporiopsis
subvermisphora of ATCC No. 96608. Both cultures have efficient germ
counts 109 germs/ml. The mixture is delivered in liquid carrier 1.5 months
The vegetable parts are chopped into particles of size of 3.5 cm before stacking.
The mixture of waste products composed according the above-described quantities is homogenized, the dry material content is set to 44 mass % and composted in open or closed stack composting system.
The width of stack is 3.1 m, the height is 1.6 m in open composting system. The stacks are turned over every week.
After the thermophylic stage where x<50 C° the whole material of stack is sieved in such a way that the particles larger than 2.5 cm are separated.
Having removed the separated particles stacks are built up again and the
composting continues.
The composting continues until the dynamic breathing intensity of at most 80
mg of O2 per hour per kg of compost and V. ripening stage according to Dewar's self-heating test i. e. self-heating to 20 to 30 C° is reached.
The most important parameters of the compost end product and the results of
the control experiment are shown in the Table 2.
Table 2
cattle dung 30 mass parts of straw and 10 mass parts of soil containing clay
of 25 mass % are mixed together then composted in open system in stacks of trapezoid cross-section.
Example 4
The components of the mixed waste product originating from
slaughterhouses and meat packing plants and used in the process are as follows: 30 mass parts of maw and bowel content, 15 mass parts of feather, 15 mass parts of unhatched eggs, 20 mass parts of colostrum turned into waste, 10 mass parts of meat products aimed for human consumption turned
into waste and blood of normally slaughtered ruminants. The dry material content of the mixture is set to 23 mass %, the particle sizes
of components are set to 3 cm by chopping and the mixture is homogenized.
The above-mentioned meat industry waste material undergoes a two-stage heat-treatment based on fat removing in such a way that pH of 100 mass parts
of the above-mentioned meat industry waste is set to 6.7 with
orthophosphoric acid of 0.8 mass %. 2 mass parts of mucilage of vegetable oil industry containing fine fiber stuff of pH 6.5, dry material content of 22 mass % and 0.55 mass parts of copper
(II) sulfate of 11 mass % are added as anti foam additive to the mixture
The heat-treatment is performed in two stages in anaerobic environment and
closed system with condensation of produced vapor and gases.
In the first stage the temperature of the mixture is raised to 158 C° during 36 minutes then the mixture is cooled to a temperature lower than 80 C°
simultaneously adding condensation liquid.
The mixture is allowed to stand during 55 minutes and the supernatant fat is
mechanically removed then 0.40 mass parts of sodium metasilicate solution of 1 mass % is added to the mixture to inhibit deposition of contaminants.
The mixture is then heated to 125 C° again the temperature is maintained during 20 minutes the mixture is then cooled to a temperature lower than 50
C° simultaneously adding condensation liquid.
The mixture is then allowed to stand during 46 minutes and the fat collecting
on the surface is mechanically removed.
After the intensive heat-treatment 0.4 mass parts of mixture of proportion 2 to 1 of solution of thymol of 5 mass % and that of MgCl2 of 10 mass % is
added to the mixture as stabilizer.
The pH is set to a value between 7.2 and 8.4.
The mixture is then continuously mixed and incubated at 39 C° in anaerobic
environment during 48 hours.
The dry material content of the mixture is set to 30 mass % after the
treatment.
The mixture is lead to composting and mixed together with the following
materials:
- 40 mass parts of heat-treated and aerobically stabilized meat industry waste product as described above,
- 30 mass parts of solid residual material of meat industry waste products such as maw and bowel content, feather, skin, meat industry
products for human consumption, pet food originating from thermophylic system having pH 6.5 to 8.0, dry material content of 30 to 45 mass % germ numbers of f. coliform and f. Streptococcus less than 20 cells/g respectively,
- 2 mass parts of pre-treated parts of arboreous plants. The above described mixture having dry material content of 18 mass % is
pre-chopped with disintegrating mill to particle size less than 3 mm. The prepared mixture is then lead into a wet milling machine (cavitation mill)
and the milling continues during 20 minutes. The collisions of particles among disintegrating elements result in a high
homogenization and the particle size becomes less than 2 mm.
The mixture is composted in closed stack during 2 weeks until the dynamic
breathing intensity of at most 80 mg of O2 per hour per kg of compost and the V. ripening stage according Dewar's self-heating test i. e. self-heating to 20 to 30 C° is reached.
The most important characteristics of compost produced according to this
example and those of the control experiment are shown in the Table 3.
Table 3
The control experiment is performed using the mixture of following composition: 30 mass parts of waste product of slaughterhouse such as skin feather maw and bowel content treated at 180 C0 under overpressure of 3
bars during 30 minutes, 30 mass parts of cattle dung, 30 mass parts of straw
and 10 mass parts of soil containing 25 mass % of clay. The mixture is
composted in stacks of trapezoid cross-section in open system.
Claims
1. Process for treatment of meat industry waste products wherein the
meat industry waste products are heat-treated, degreased then mixed with
other waste materials and the mixture is composted charac teriz e d i n that the pH of the meat industry waste material is set to 5.8 to 7.0 then 100 mass parts of waste material is optionally mixed with 15 to 35 mass parts of watery cattle or pig dung buffered to pH of 6.8 to 7.5 then optionally 0.2 to 0.7 mass parts of solution of 6 to 10 mass % of a mixture of carbacrole and
thymol in ratio of 1 to 1 or 0.2 to 0.8 mass parts of of solution of 3 to 12 mass
% of mixture of thymol and magnesium chloride in ratio of 2 to 1 is added to the mixture then 3 to 5 mass parts of mucilage of vegetable oil industry and 0.25 to 0.75 mass parts of copper (II) sulfate of solution of 10 to 15 mass %
are added, the mixture is heat-treated thereafter in two stages at 130 to 160 C° and at 110 to 130 C° respectively, the supernatant fat is removed in both
stages, then 0.2 to 0.7 mass parts of solution of 6 to 10 mass % of a mixture
of carbacrole and thymol in ratio of 1 to 1 or 0.2 to 0.8 mass parts of solution of 3 to 12 mass % of a mixture of thymol and magnesium chloride in ratio of
2 to 1 is admixed and the mixture is incubated at pH of 7.2 to 8.4 and 35 to
43 C0 in anaerobic environment, 30 to 40 mass parts of meat industry waste product treated in the
above way and having dry material content of 10 to 40 mass %, 25 to 30 mass parts of residue material of dry material content of 25 to 45 mass % originating from biogas production from meat industry waste product,
10 to 20 mass parts of meat industry sewage sludge of dry material
content of 15 to 30 mass % and fat content of at least 20 mass %,
2 to 35 mass parts of chopped branches, twigs vine-branches or stalks of arboreous plants - which were pre-treated with culture of microorganism
Peniophora gigantea and/or that of Cerioporiopsis subvermisphora -
are mixed together and the mixture is then homogenized, the dry material content is set to 40 to 48 mass %,
the mixture is optionally pre-milled and undergoes wet grinding until the grain size less than 2 mm is reached and
the mixture is composted in open or closed stacks,
the compost -in a given case - is sieved after the thermophylic
composting stage, the particles larger than 2 to 2.5 cm are separated and the
fine grained material is further composted.
2. The process according to Claim 1 characteriz e d in that fat cattle
dung or pig one diluted with water in proportion of 1 to 1 is admixed to the
mixture before the heat-treatment.
3. The process according to Claim 1 characteri ze d in that lean cattle dung or pig one diluted with water in proportion of 1 to 3 is admixed to
the mixture before the heat-treatment.
4. The process according to Claim 1 characteriz e d in that 0.2 to 0.5 mass parts of trisodium monophosphate or sodium metasilicate solution are added to the mixture after the first stage of heat-treatment.
5. The process according to Claim 1 ch ara cteri z e d in that the composting continues until the dynamic breathing intensity of at most 80 mg of O2 per kg of compost per hour and Dewar's self-heating to 20 to 30 C° are reached.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HU0500206A HU227113B1 (en) | 2005-02-15 | 2005-02-15 | Process for course tankage |
| HUP0500206 | 2005-02-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2006087594A1 true WO2006087594A1 (en) | 2006-08-24 |
Family
ID=89985811
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/HU2005/000054 WO2006087594A1 (en) | 2005-02-15 | 2005-05-18 | A process for treatment of meat industry wastes |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| HU (1) | HU227113B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006087594A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5200085A (en) * | 1989-09-05 | 1993-04-06 | Richter Gedeon Vegyeszeti Gyar Rt. | Process and apparatus for extraction of solid matter containing fat and/or protein from sludge |
| WO1999047282A1 (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 1999-09-23 | Erick Schmidt | Method for bio-refining organic waste material to produce denatured and sterile nutrient products |
| US20040259732A1 (en) * | 2003-04-28 | 2004-12-23 | Monsanto Technology, L.L.C. | Treatment of plants and plant propagation materials with an antioxidant to improve plant health and/or yield |
-
2005
- 2005-02-15 HU HU0500206A patent/HU227113B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-05-18 WO PCT/HU2005/000054 patent/WO2006087594A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5200085A (en) * | 1989-09-05 | 1993-04-06 | Richter Gedeon Vegyeszeti Gyar Rt. | Process and apparatus for extraction of solid matter containing fat and/or protein from sludge |
| WO1999047282A1 (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 1999-09-23 | Erick Schmidt | Method for bio-refining organic waste material to produce denatured and sterile nutrient products |
| US20040259732A1 (en) * | 2003-04-28 | 2004-12-23 | Monsanto Technology, L.L.C. | Treatment of plants and plant propagation materials with an antioxidant to improve plant health and/or yield |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HUP0500206A2 (en) | 2007-10-29 |
| HU0500206D0 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
| HU227113B1 (en) | 2010-07-28 |
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