KR100400534B1 - Vehicle closure device - Google Patents

Abstract

The lock proposed has a cylinder made up of a sleeve and a core. The core is locked to the sleeve by means of tumblers when the key is withdrawn and carries one of the elements of a longitudinal two-element coupling. When the inserted key is turned, the cylinder core is rotated and this movement is transmitted to the other element of the two-element coupling which is non-rotatably linked to an engaging lug. It is the engaging lug which carries out the vehicle-locking function. Although the cylinder sleeve is rotatably mounted in a fixed housing, it is normally prevented from rotating in the housing by means of a catch which acts as an overload protection mechanism. The catch consists of a male and a female snap-in element on the cylinder sleeve, which are spring-biased with respect to each other and normally engage in each other along a longitudinal section and can be disengaged. When turned by force, the male catch element is disengaged out of the female catch element and the cylinder is brought into a freely turning overload condition within the housing. At the same time, the two coupling elements are detached from each other. So that the cylinder does not move longitudinally in the event of an overload, the invention proposes that the cylinder sleeve is mounted in the housing so that it cannot move longitudinally. While the male catch element of the overload protection mechanism cannot be rotated, it can be displaced along the longitudinal axis of the housing. The longitudinally acting spring bias acts on the male catch element in the direction towards the female catch element which cannot move longitudinally in the housing. The coupling element mounted on the cylinder core also cannot move longitudinally, but the other coupling element can move longitudinally together with the male catch element against the bias of the spring.

Description

Car closure

In this type of known closure device (DE-OS 4 22 414), an overload protection device is located between the cylinder guide and the housing. An axial spring loading was applied between the housing and the cylinder guide. The counter catch located in the cylinder guide was moved axially within the housing when intense force was provided. Originally, the cylinder core was axially fixed but moved axially during the axial movement of this counter catch because it must always be supported in the cylinder guide to be able to rotate. Depending on whether the catch lock of the overload protection device is arranged at the front end of the cylinder guide or at the rear end of the cylinder guide, the closing cylinder of the known closure device is axially outward when freely operating under overload conditions. To or inward. This is not desirable. In many cases, the overload protector may remain engaged due to large axial forces while the theft tool is applied, and the tumbler may be cut when the tool is forcibly rotated. In this way, the closing function can ultimately be carried out via a theft tool. In addition, the closing cylinder is broken when the tumbler is cut, and the closure device may no longer be operated by the key. These broken defects can be eliminated by a lift-out profile, especially with flat flanks, but this leads to functional problems.

It is an object of the present invention to further develop an economical compact closure device of the type described in the preamble of claim 1 that the closing cylinder no longer operates in the axial direction under overload. This object is fulfilled by the steps described in the characterizing part of claim 1 according to the invention, the meaning of which is explained below.

The present invention relates to a closure device of the type described in the preamble of claim 1. The configuration of the axial coupling and overload protection is not carried out by manipulating the burglary tool, but only by a suitable key inserted into the cylinder core of the closing cylinder. To ensure that. The cylinder core may in fact be rotated by a theft tool, but since the tumblers are not bound on the circumference of the cylinder core, the cylinder guide will also rotate together. To this end, the overload protection device of the closure device ensures that the closing cylinder slides freely in the housing under overload conditions. The catch part and counter-catch part of this overload protection device are automatically lifted out in the axial direction, during which the axial coupling between the cylinder core and the driver is released. Therefore, forced rotation of the closing cylinder cannot rotate the driver. The overload protection device prevents damage to the closure device due to a forced attempt by a thief. Thus, the closure device can be used again and again in this attempt using a key suitable for carrying out the closing function of the motor vehicle.

1 shows a schematic axial cross section of a first embodiment of a closure device according to the invention, under normal conditions when the cylinder core is operated through a suitably inserted key,

FIG. 2 shows an axial cross section corresponding to FIG. 1 in an overload condition in which the cylinder core is forcibly operated through a theft tool; FIG.

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the closure device taken along line III-III of FIG. 1,

4 is a plan view of the internal device members under normal circumstances of the parallel cross section taken along the offset section line IV-IV of FIG. 3 with the parallel cross section offset relative to the cylinder axis, FIG.

5 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4 in a state resulting from an overload state of FIG. 2,

FIG. 6 is another schematic cross-sectional view of the closure device taken along section VI-VI of FIG. 1,

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a partial cross section of an overload closure device taken along another section line VII-VII of FIG. 2,

8 shows the axially inner part of the closure device of FIG. 1 in the region of the axial coupling partially cut under normal conditions according to FIG. 1, FIG.

FIG. 9 is a view corresponding to FIG. 8, showing the condition of an overload condition according to FIG. 2;

FIG. 10 shows another configuration of the overload protection device in an axial cross section similar to FIG. 4, similar to FIG. 4, with the other components omitted for clarity.

11 is a view showing another configuration of the closure device according to the invention in the normal state in the axial cross-section corresponding to FIG. 1,

FIG. 12 is a view similar to FIG. 2 in an overload state, showing an axial cross section of the closure device shown in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a view showing a state in the area of the overload protection device which becomes a normal state according to FIG. 11 in a parallel cross section similar to FIG.

FIG. 14 is a view corresponding to FIG. 5, showing the state of another device in the area of the overload protection device in the overload state according to FIG. 12.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

10 cylinder core 11 axial pin

12: annular groove 13: key channel

14: blocking position of the tumbler 14 ': release position of the tumbler

15: height 16: housing

17: wide cylinder head 18: the inner collar of the housing

19: inner end face of the housing 20: cylinder guide

21: inner collar of cylinder guide 22: snap ring

23: driver (neutral position) 23 ': driver's first action position

23 ": driver's second action point 24: blocking channel

25: axial finger

26: axial groove between axial fingers

28: inner end face of the cylinder guide 30,30 ': axial coupling

31: coupling member 32: counter coupling member

33: compression ring 34: axial direction

35 axial projection of the compression ring 36 stepped peripheral region of the compression ring

37: radial shoulder face of the compression ring 38: axial projection of the compression ring

40: catch lock 41,41 ': catch part (ball)

42: counter catch portion of catch lock 43: axial recess

44 diagonal flank 45 axial groove

46: annular body 47: radial shoulder

48: inner radial rib

49: axial clearance between inner radial ribs

50: axial spring load 51: compression spring

52: leg of the spring 52 ': first working position of the spring

52 ": second working position of the spring 53: opening

54: tangential force of the spring leg 55: tool for theft

56: stepped circumferential face of the driver 57: radial shoulder face

58: axial movable driver 59: axial protrusion

60: work arm

In the present invention, the cylinder guide is supported in the housing to be fixed in the axial direction, and the counter catch portion of the overload protection device located in the cylinder guide is likewise fixed in the axial direction. However, the associated catch of this overload protection device is not a stationary part of the housing, but an individual member which is axially movable within the housing. The housing has an axial guide, and the catch is positioned inside the housing so as to be rotatably fixed but axially movable. The axial guide acts axially on the catch part, which is such an individual member, and loads the catch part in the direction of the counter catch part described above of the cylinder guide fixed axially in the housing.

In the present invention, since the cylinder core is supported in the cylinder guide to be rotatable and axially fixed, the cylinder core remains axially fixed inside the housing and under overload. Thus, the connecting member of the axial coupling which is connected with the cylinder core is also ultimately fixed axially, while the counter coupling member connected with the driver is axially movable together with the catch. Thus, when the catch portion is pushed back against the axial spring load action in an overload state, the counter coupling member is automatically lifted from the coupling member of the axial coupling which is connected with the cylinder core to be axially fixed. Therefore, in the present invention, no axial movement can be performed in the overload state of the closing cylinder, the front end face of the cylinder core can always be coplanar with the housing.

Further steps and advantages of the invention are set forth in the appended claims, specification, and drawings. Many embodiments of the invention are shown schematically in the drawings.

The closure device according to the invention shown in Figs. 1 to 9 is preferably installed in a motor vehicle and has a cylinder guide 20 and a cylinder core which is axially fixed and rotatably supported within this cylinder guide 20. And a closing cylinder consisting of (10). According to FIG. 2, this axially fixed connection comprises an inner collar in the cylinder guide 20 which engages in an annular groove 12 of the axial fin 11 which forms an extension of the cylinder core 10. 21). The cylinder core 10 comprises the key channel 13 shown in FIG. 8 for receiving the key 15 shown in FIG. 1, and the series of spring-loaded tumblers most clearly shown in FIG. 2. 14). According to FIG. 2, when recovering the key 15, the tumbler 14 is pushed radially outward and engaged in the blocking channel 24 due to the spring load acting on the tumbler 14. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, two blocking channels 24 are located opposite each other. The tumblers 14, which project from one another in diameter from the cylinder core 10, move into the blocking channel 24 to lock the cylinder core 10 with the cylinder guide 20.

This tumbler 14 enters into the position on the circumference of the cylinder core 10 when the key 15 is inserted as shown in FIG. Then, the cylinder core 10 can be rotated in the cylinder guide 20. When the key 15 is actuated, through the coupling member 31 of the axial coupling 30, most clearly shown in FIGS. 2 and 8, the driver ( Rotation is transmitted. By this key 15, the driver 23 is swiveling as indicated by arrows 27 and 27 'from the neutral point indicated by the solid line in Fig. 3 to one or more operating points 23' and 23 " Moving in the swiveling direction 27, 27 'As a result of this shifting in the swiveling direction 27, 27', the driver 23 has a desired closing function via an additional locking member, not shown in detail. Since the coupling member 31 is located on the axial pin 11, it is fixed against the rotational and axial movements associated with the cylinder core 10. The driver 23 is adapted to be fixed against the axial movement. It is arranged on the directional pin 11 and fixed by a snap ring 22.

The cylinder guide 20 itself is rotatably supported in the stationary housing 16, but in the normal state according to FIGS. 1 and 4, it rotates within the housing 16 via a special catch lock 40 which is described in more detail below. It is impossible to fix. The axially fixed position of the cylinder guide 20 in the housing 16 is important, whereby the cylinder core 10 causes the inner collar 21 and the annular groove 12 of the cylinder guide 20 described above. It is similarly positioned to be axially fixed in the housing 16 by axial rigid connections therebetween. This is illustrated in FIG. 1 by the wide cylinder head 17 in the cylinder core 10 and the inner collar 18 in the housing 16. This wide cylinder head 17 can always be coplanar with the outer housing 16 in the region of the key, which plane is shown in dashed lines in FIGS. 1 and 2.

In the first embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 9, the coupling member 31 of the axial coupling 30 supports the compression ring 33 supporting the counter coupling member 32 of the axial coupling 30. Cooperate with This compression ring 33 is arranged on the axial pin 11 and is movable within the housing 16 in the axial direction 34 indicated by the arrows shown in FIGS. 2 and 5. In addition, the compression ring 33 is connected with the driver 23 to be axially movable but rotatably fixed. In the first embodiment, the driver 23 always occupies an axially fixed position with respect to the housing 16 and is located in front of the inner end face 19 of the housing. The non-rotatable but axially movable connection between the driver 23 and the compression ring 33 described above, in Figs. 1 and 4, shows the axial protuberance 35 and the driver ( It is shown by two axial fingers 25 of 23. These two fingers 25 are formed with axial grooves 26 between these fingers 25 to guide the projections 35 on the side of the compression ring 33.

As a result, the compression ring 33 is subjected to an axial spring load 50 as shown by arrow 50 in FIG. 1. This spring load is generated by a coiled spring 51 which simultaneously functions as an "impetus spring". The inner end of the coiled spring 51 is supported to be fixed axially in the region of the axial pin 11, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the region of this axial pin 11 is snapped. Affected indirectly through the driver 23 supported in the ring 22. The spring 51, as its coil, surrounds the axial pin 11 and the outer end is in contact with the compression ring 33. The spring 51 has two spring legs 52 extending generally in the radial direction, between which the two fingers 25 of the driver 23 described above are shown in FIG. 3. It is grasped as shown. These two spring legs also surround an axial web 19, which is provided in the housing 16 and between two radial openings 53 in the housing 16. These radial openings 53 are formed and arranged to stagger relative to one another. The driver is supported in the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 3 by a spring leg 52 in contact with the web 19. The tangential force shown by arrows 54 in opposite directions is applied to the finger 25 via the spring leg 52, which results in the neutral position of the driver 23 described above with reference to FIG. . While the above-mentioned keys are operated in both operating positions 23 ', 23 ", the two fingers 25 are effective, as shown by the end positions 52', 52" indicated by dashed lines in FIG. It is carried along each spring leg 52 against tangential force 54.

Catch lock 40 acts as an overload protection device described in more detail below with respect to closing cylinders 10 and 20, and as can be clearly seen from FIGS. 2 and 5, such catch lock 40 Includes a catch portion 41 and generally a counter catch portion 42 having an interlocking lift-out profile. In this embodiment, the catch is formed of a loose body, which in this embodiment is configured as a ball 41, which two balls are provided at positions opposite in diameter in accordance with FIG. The lift-out profile is in this embodiment usually provided in the counter catch and consists of an axial recess 43 at the inner end face of the cylinder guide 20. Both ends of this axial recess 43 are formed as diagonal flanks 44, as best seen in FIG. The two balls 41 are pressed in the direction of the cylinder guide 20 by the axial spring load 50 described above, and the counter catch 42 described above is fixed axially in the cylinder guide 20, Like the cylinder guide 20 itself, it is rotatable with the cylinder guide 20 in the housing 16.

The axial spring load 50 acts on these two balls 41 indirectly through the compression ring 33. To this end, one end of the compression ring 33 is provided with a stepped portion, as shown in FIG. 9, which consists of a stepped circumferential region 36 on one side and on the other. Consists of a flat, radial shoulder surface 37. Two balls 41 roll on the stepped circumferential face 36 and contact the axial shoulder face 37, which receives the axial spring load 50 from this shoulder face. However, apart from the axial direction 34 movement of the compression ring 33 shown in FIG. 2 described above, the two balls 41 can also move in the axial direction. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the two balls 41 protrude radially beyond the compression ring 33 and are provided in axial grooves provided in opposite positions in diameter at the inner surface of the housing 16. Each meshes with 45. Thus, these balls 41 are guided axially but do not rotate with the compression ring 33. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, these balls 41 are arranged in the same axial region of the compression ring 33 as the axial coupling 30, but are located within this compression ring 33. It is offset radially outward with respect to the member 32. This, according to FIG. 6, is concave axially into the stepped end of the compression ring 33 and this recess of the counter coupling member 32 overlaps by the circumferential surface 36 of the shoulder described above in the direction of these balls 41. Is achieved. The cutaways of FIGS. 8 and 9 were necessary to describe this coupling recess 32.

In the normal state as shown in FIG. 1, the cylinder guide 20 is held in the housing 16 through the catch lock 40 which is engaged to be rotatably fixed. According to FIG. 4, this is achieved in that these balls 41 are held on the one hand in the above-described axial grooves 45 and on the other hand are located in the axial recesses 43 of the counter catch 42. . Therefore, the cylinder guide 20 and the ball 41 are normally held in the housing 16. As already mentioned above, the insertion of a suitable key into the cylinder core 10 causes the tumbler to enter the position 14 ′ in dashed position in FIG. 1. Thus, the cylinder core 10 can be rotated in the cylinder guide 20 via the key 15. This rotation is transmitted from the axial pin 11 to the compression ring 33 via the coupled axial coupling 30, which in turn rotates the above-mentioned axial finger shown in FIG. 4. The connection between the 25 and the axial protrusion 35 carries the driver 23 together, whereby the driver 23 is rotatably fixed relative to the compression ring 33.

However, this situation changes when an unauthorized person forcibly rotates the cylinder core by means of theft tool 55, such as the screwdriver shown in FIG. As described above, the cylinder core 10 and the cylinder guide 20 are connected to be rotatably fixed to each other via the tumbler 14 protruding outward as shown in FIG. 2 and 5, when forced rotation is executed, the oversignal protection device of the catch lock 40 is activated. The ball 41 is lifted outward from the axial recess 43 of the cylinder core 20 by the torque formed by the inclination of the diagonal flank 44 and on the inner end face 28 of the cylinder guide 20. Roll against it.

As described above several times, since the cylinder guide 20 is fixed axially in the housing 16, according to FIG. 5, the compression ring 33 has the arrow described above against the axial spring force 50 of the spring. Compression axially back in the direction 34. The axial protrusion 35 located in the compression ring 33 moves into the axial groove 26 between the two fingers 25 of the driver 23. Release of the axial coupling 30 results as a result of this axial movement of the compression ring 33 as shown in FIG. 2. The coupling member 31 located in the cylinder core 10 remains stationary in the axial direction, but the counter coupling member 32 on the compression ring side is in the axial direction 34 moving direction indicated by the arrow direction 34. It moves away from the coupling member 31. Although the cylinder core 10 is rotated with the cylinder guide 20 in the housing 16 in the direction of rotation 29 indicated by the arrow 29 in FIG. 2 by the theft tool 55, this direction of rotation 29 Rotation of) cannot execute the corresponding operation of the driver 23. This is because the axial coupling 30 is released. The closing cylinders 10 and 20 slide freely in an overloaded state. According to the inclination of the diagonal side, the spring 51 described above determines the threshold at the catch lock 40 at which overload freewheeling of the closing cylinders 10, 20 is initiated. This threshold is dimensioned such that damage to the tumbler 14 of the cylinder core 10 that engages in the blocking channel 24 is reliably prevented. The closing cylinder remains available by the key in succession to ineffectual break-in attempts. It is noteworthy that the closing cylinders 10 and 20 do not change the axial position in the housing 16 as a whole, as indicated by dashed lines 39 in FIGS. 1 and 2.

According to FIG. 1, only the compression ring 33 is rotatable in the axial position of the housing 10, which is connected with the cylinder core 10 but in the direction of the release position shown in FIG. 2. It is guided to be rotatably fixed in the housing 16 by a slight movement of. An axial projection 38 located on the compression ring 33 serves this purpose and is best shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. According to FIG. 1, these protrusions 38 are usually arranged axially spaced from the rib end. However, if the axial 34 movement of the compression ring 33 occurs as shown in FIG. 2, as best seen in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 7, the projection 38 has a radial rib shown in FIG. 3. Move into the axial gap 49 between the 48. Thus, as shown in FIG. 2, the compression ring 33 is positioned in the housing 16 so that the compression ring 33 is rotatably fixed while the compression ring 33 is moving, ie only in case of overload. However, this also prevents the driver 23 from being rotatable due to a fixed (not rotatable) connection against rotation between the axial finger 25 and the axial protrusion 35 via the compression ring 33. It is held in the housing 16 as much as possible. Therefore, manipulation in the area of the driver 23 will have no effect regardless of the theft tool.

Fig. 10 shows a modified configuration of the catch lock 40 'as in the second embodiment. The same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 9 are used to indicate corresponding constituent members. To this extent, there will be reference numerals for the above description. The counter catch 42 of the overload protection device located in the cylinder guide 20 is configured in the same manner as the recess 43 having the diagonal flank 44. This is sufficient to limit the details of this difference in catch lock 40 '.

The associated catch 41 ′ is a constituent member of the special annular body 46 shown in FIG. 10 and guided to be axially movable within the housing. This annular body 46 has two radial shoulders 47 which engage the two aforementioned axial grooves 45 on the inner surface of the housing 16. The catch portion 41 'is profiled and has an appearance complementary to the lift-out profile of the counter catch portion 42 in this embodiment. The annular body 46 is penetrated by an axial pin 11 which can freely rotate about the annular body 46 during the rotational 29 rotation in the forcing direction described with reference to FIG. 2. The compression ring 33 described in the first embodiment may be arranged in a space adjacent to the annular body 46 shown in FIG. 10, but in this embodiment such compression ring 33 is described in the first embodiment. The ball 41 is no longer provided. The axial coupling 30 described above is then configured similarly to the first embodiment, ie between the axial pin 11 and the compression ring 33. However, the configuration according to FIG. 10 can be applied in the apparatus described below.

A third embodiment of a closure device according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 11 to 14. The same reference numerals have been used to refer to constituent members corresponding to the preceding embodiments, for which reference is made to the above description. 11 to 14 correspond to the drawings of FIGS. 1, 2, 4 and 5 of the first embodiment. The difference between the first embodiment and the third embodiment is described below.

In this embodiment, the axial spring load 50 acts on the catch portion of the catch lock 40 via the driver 56. This catch part here consists of a ball 41 and forms an overload protection device similar to that described in connection with the first embodiment when an intense force is applied according to FIG. 12. In this case, the inner end of the spring 51 is supported by the axial shoulder 22a on the axial pin 11, while the outer end acts on the driver 58. The driver 58 is axially stepped, similar to the compression ring 33 of the first embodiment, and has a radial offset peripheral region 56 shown in FIG. 14 and a radial shoulder face adjacent to this peripheral region 56. Has 57. The ball 41 of the catch lock is likewise situated in the axial groove 45 of the housing, rolled over the circumferential region 56 and supported by the shoulder face 57.

The axial coupling 30 'is configured similarly to the first embodiment in terms of shape and operation, while the counter coupling member 32' shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 is a fixed structural member of the driver 58. The point is the difference. According to FIG. 11, these drivers 58 are arranged axially spaced apart from the radial ribs 48 provided inside the housing under normal conditions. According to FIG. 12, under overload, the protrusion 59 of the driver 58 extends into the free gap between the two radial ribs 48 and ensures that the driver 58 does not rotate inside the housing 16. . Thus, the arm 60, which is responsible for protruding from the driver 58 and executing the closing function, is rotatably fixed relative to the housing 20 when it is brought over to the overload state of FIG. 12.

In the third embodiment of FIGS. 11-14, another difference is that the axial 34 movement in the overload state shown in FIG. 12 results in the corresponding axial 34 movement of the entire driver 58. Is in. However, this axial movement of 34 of the driver arm 60 can also be used to allow the arm 60 to slide further freely with the associated locking member. However, this axial movement of the driver 58 has no effect on the front region of the device shown in the figure. As can be seen in the figures, the cylinder guide 20 and the cylinder core 10 located inside the housing are in this front region, as shown by the corresponding dashed line 39 of FIGS. 11 and 12. It remains unchanged at a fixed position in the direction.

Claims (21)

A closure device having a closing cylinder for a closing function executed in an automobile, The closing cylinder has a cylinder guide 20 and a cylinder core 10 which is rotatably supported in the cylinder guide 20 so as to be axially fixed and serves to receive the keys 15, The cylinder core 10 can be locked together with the cylinder guide 20 via a spring loaded tumbler 14 when the key 15 is withdrawn and consists of a two-piece axial coupling 30. 30 'and fixedly connected with one coupling member 31, and The cylinder core 10 passes through the coupling member 31 to the counter-coupling member 32 of the axial coupling 30, 30 ′ when the key 15 is inserted and actuated. Transmits the rotational force of (10), the counter-coupling member (32) is rotatably connected with respect to the drivers (23, 58), and the drivers (23, 58) perform a closing function in a motor vehicle, The cylinder guide 20 is supported in the stationary housing 16 so as to be rotatable, but is normally rotatably fixed in the housing 16 by catch locks 40 and 40 ', and the catch lock 40 40 'consists of one or more catch portions 41, 41', and a counter catch portion 42 located on the cylinder guide 20 and acts as an overload protection device, The catch portions 41, 41 'and the counter catch portion 42 are subjected to axial spring loads with respect to each other and have an axial lift-out profile, the axial lift-out profile being interlocked under normal conditions. And a closure for releasing the axial coupling (30, 30 ') while allowing the cylinder guide (10) to operate freely in the housing (16) when acting in the forced rotational direction (29) in an overload condition. In the apparatus, The cylinder guide 20 is rotatably supported in the housing to be fixed in the axial direction, The catches 41, 41 ′ of the overload protection device 40, 40 ′ are guided to be rotatable in the housing 16 but movable in the axial direction 34, While the counter catch 42 arranged on the cylinder guide 20 is axially fixed in the housing, the axial spring load 50 acts on the catches 41, 41 ′ and , And The coupling member 31 of the axial couplings 30, 30 ′ connected to the cylinder core 10 is connected to the counter catch portion through an axially fixed support in the cylinder guide 20. As in 42), while axially fixed, The counter coupling members 32, 32 ′ and the catch 41, which are rotatably fixed relative to the drivers 23, 58, are axially 34 against the axial spring load 50. A closure device, characterized in that it is movable. 2. The counter-coupling members (32, 32 ') according to claim 1, wherein the counter-coupling members (32, 32') are connected by the axial protrusion (25) of the compression ring (33) and the axial finger (25) of the driver (23). Closure device, characterized in that it is fixed rotatably relative to (23,58). The method of claim 1, wherein the spring load (50) acts on the catch portion (41) via a compression ring (33), the compression ring (33) being a counter coupling of the axial coupling (30). A closure device, characterized in that it supports a member (32) and is movable in an axial direction (34) with the counter coupling member (32) in the housing (16). 4. The compression ring (33) according to claim 3, wherein the compression ring (33) is penetrated by an axial pin (11) forming an extension of the cylinder core (10), and the coupling member (31) is in rotation and axial movement. The closure device, characterized in that arranged on the axial pin (11) to be fixed relative to the. 5. The compression spring (33) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the compression spring (33) is connected to the driver (23) to be rotatably fixed relative to the driver (23) and movable in the axial direction (34) Is arranged on the axial pin (11) so as to be rotatable. 5. The compression ring (33) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the compression ring (33) is rotatable within the housing (16) only in the axial position where it is engaged with the cylinder core (10) and not with the cylinder core (10). And axially guided in an axial direction (34) of the non-axial position so as to be rotatably fixed within the housing (16). 5. Closure arrangement according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the catch (41) of the overload protection device (40) is in contact with the substantially flat radial face (37) of the compression ring (33). 2. The axial spring load (50) according to claim 1, wherein the axial spring load (50) acts on the catch (41) via the driver (58), the driver (58) of the axial coupling (30 ') of the A closure device, characterized in that it supports a counter coupling member (32 ') and is axially movable with the counter coupling member (32') in the housing (16). 9. The driver (58) of claim 8 wherein the driver (58) is penetrated in a free-rotating manner by an axial pin (11) forming an extension of the cylinder core (10), and the axial coupling (30 ') of the The coupling device (31) is characterized in that it is arranged on the axial pin (11) to be rotatably fixed and axially fixed. 10. The driver (58) according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the driver (58) is rotatable in the housing (16) only in an axial position engaged with the cylinder core (10) and engaged with the cylinder core (10). And axially guided to be rotatably fixed within the housing (16) when moved in the direction of an axial position that is not. 3. The lift-out profile of the overload protection device 40 is provided only to the counter catch 42 and has diagonal flanks 44 on both sides in the radial face 28 of the cylinder guide. One or more axial recesses 43, wherein the catch is one or more loose bodies 41 normally pressed into the recess 43 in the axial direction by the compression ring 33 and the driver 58. And the loose body 41 protrudes beyond the compression ring 33 and the driver 58 in the radial direction and is received in an axial groove 45 on the inner surface of the housing 16. The closure device characterized by the above-mentioned. 12. A closure device according to claim 11, wherein the loose body consists of balls (41). 12. The catch of claim 11 wherein the catches are two individual balls (41), two recesses (43) in the cylinder guide (20), and two axial directions in the housing (16) associated with the catches. A groove 45, and the two recesses 43 and the two axial grooves 45 are respectively at radially opposed points within the cylinder guide 20 and the housing 16, respectively. A closure device, characterized in that located. 14. The loose body (41) according to any of claims 11 to 13, wherein the loose body (41) is located in the same axial region as the compression ring (33), such as the axial coupling (30) in at least some regions. And radially offset outward with respect to the engaged counter coupling member (32) of the axial coupling (30) located within the compression ring (33). 5. The counter catch 42 of the overload protection device 40 ′ is formed by diagonal flanks 44 on both sides of the overload protection device 40 ′. Consists of one or more recesses 43 in the radial face 28 of the cylinder guide 20, forming a half, The catch portion 41 'consists of an annular body 46 guided in the housing 16 to be axially movable, and supports one or more catch protrusions shaped to complement the recess 43; and And the other half of said lift-out profile (40 '). The shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the catch portion 41 and the counter catch portion 42 of the overload protection device 40 and the axial coupling 30 are the same. A closure device, characterized in that it acts in the engagement direction by a directional spring load (50). 17. A closure device according to claim 16, characterized in that the axial spring load (50) acts simultaneously as an impulse spring to ensure the neutral position of the driver (23) formed at an angle. 17. The closure device according to claim 16, wherein the axial spring load (50) is supported by an axial shoulder (22a) fixed axially with respect to the axial pin (11) at the other end. 2. A closure device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the catch (41) is guided in an axial groove (45) provided in the inner surface of the housing (16). 7. The compression ring (33) according to claim 6, wherein the compression ring (33) is rotated in the housing (16) by the engagement of the axial protrusion (38) of the compression ring (33) and the radial rib (48) of the housing (16). A closure device, characterized in that it is axially guided to be impossible to fix. 11. The driver (58) of claim 10, wherein the driver (58) is rotatably fixed within the housing (16) by radial ribs (48) of the housing (16) and axial protrusions (59) of the driver (58). A closure device characterized in that it is guided in the axial direction.