KR100346248B1 - The method for packaging undried ginsengs or herbs - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a packaging method of fresh ginseng and herbal medicines, and more particularly, to the first washing and drying process of fresh ginseng or herbal medicine, and harmful pesticides that are electrodeposited to the epidermis of fresh ginseng or herbal medicine using a 30-80% ethanol solution. Pretreatment process of fresh ginseng or herbal medicine, including secondary cleaning and drying process to remove heavy metals, bacteria, surfaces and wounds, and pesticide process using phosphide gas, and inert, non-flammable nitrogen (N ₂ ) gas. The present invention relates to a packaging method of fresh ginseng and herbal medicines, which comprises a small packaging step of putting in a wrapping paper and vacuum packaging, wherein the activity of autolytic enzymes that inhibit respiration or metabolism of fresh ginseng organisms is suppressed to the maximum. Due to germination, microbial propagation and consumption of internal nutrients due to respiration, physicochemical changes occur to improve the quality of ginseng By blocking the deteriorating factors in advance, the fresh ginseng or herbal medicine can be stored hygienically for a long time by maintaining the quality of fresh ginseng for a long time in the state of change of external and external components such as moisture reduction, browning, drying, decay, and growth at room temperature. It was made.

Description

The method for packaging undried ginsengs or herbs}

The present invention relates to a packaging method of fresh ginseng and herbal medicines, and more particularly, a method of packaging fresh ginseng and herbal medicines, which enables long-term storage and storage at room temperature, and makes it possible to check the abnormal state of products inside the packaging by hygienic transparent packaging. It is about.

Fresh ginseng is raw ginseng mined from the field and contains about 70% water. It is a raw material for all ginsengs. It is usually mined and harvested for 5 to 6 years for the old root and for 4 years for the low root. Fresh ginseng is young ginseng and young ginseng, grown with the depth of time and the devotion of farmers.

Ginseng contains 60 ~ 70% of carbohydrates such as starch, but it is a specific ingredient not found in other plants, such as ginseng saponin (ginsenoside), polyacetylene, antioxidant phenolic compound, and high-micin that has a protective effect on liver ( gomisin-N, -A) and acid peptides that act like insulin.

In particular, the domestic ginseng is a major component of the non-saponin material, the phenolic and polyacetylene components of antioxidant activity and cancer cell proliferation inhibiting active ingredient is higher than that of Western ginseng, so the physiological activity is also strong.

Ginseng saponin, known as the main pharmacological component of ginseng, is called ginsenoside, and its effect is very different as well as its unique chemical structure and other saponins found in other plants. With the recent development of separation analysis technology, the chemical structure of 30 kinds of ginseng saponins has been revealed. According to the ginseng saponin chemical structure, it is divided into protopanaxadiol (PD), protopanaxatriol (PT), and oleanane-based saponins. To date, the chemical structures of 18, 11 and 1 compounds have been identified. There are 30 kinds of saponins of Korean ginseng, which are much higher than 14 kinds of western ginseng and 15 kinds of samchil.

In addition, ginseng has been proven to be effective for hepatitis patients such as promoting protein synthesis in vivo, increasing regeneration rate of partially excised liver, restoring liver function against acute liver failure, promoting liver metabolism, and relieving hangover. It promotes the metabolism and excretion of alcohol in the body as well as prevents liver injury caused by alcohol.

In addition, ginseng lowers blood sugar levels, identifies insulin-like substances that are effective for diabetes, suggests clinical effects effective for diabetes, and improves general awareness symptoms. Because there is no risk, people with diabetes can take it with confidence.

In addition, ginseng is known to have anti-cancer effect, anti-fatigue effect, atherosclerosis and hypertension, antistress action, central nervous system, anemia, immune enhancement.

However, the fresh ginseng or other raw herbs and raw herbs such as raw donkeys cause rapid decay and water loss due to internal autolytic enzyme activity of plants during washing and packaging operations. Since herbal medicine itself is difficult to store at room temperature for a long time, it relies on refrigeration facilities or is covered with soil spray or moss so that it does not dry while soil is attached to the surface of plant roots. It is true.

In addition, there is no research or practical use of long-term storage and packaging method of fresh ginseng or herbal medicine at home and abroad.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is not only capable of long-term storage and distribution at room temperature, but also large and small packaging and mass production, due to the hygienic transparent packaging moisture inside the packaging paper It is to provide a packaging method of ginseng or herbal medicine that can be seen at a glance, such as reduced status, the status of ginseng, the degree of decay, browning, growth, etc. and can be sold without a cold storage facility.

In order to achieve the above object, the packaging method of fresh ginseng or herbal medicine according to the present invention is a harmful pesticide electrodeposited on the epidermis of fresh ginseng or herbal medicine using the first washing and drying process of ginseng or herbal medicine, and 30 to 80% ethanol solution. Pretreatment process of fresh ginseng or medicinal herb, including secondary washing and drying process to remove constituents of heavy metals, bacteria, surface and wound, pesticide process using phosphide gas, and inert, non-flammable nitrogen (N ₂ ) gas It is characterized in that it comprises a small packaging step of vacuum packaging by putting in the packaging, by inhibiting the activity of autolytic enzymes that inhibit the respiration or metabolism of fresh ginseng organisms, and the germination and microbial propagation and respiration inside the small package Due to the consumption of internal nutrients caused by physicochemical changes, factors that degrade the quality of ginseng in advance By blocking the moisture at room temperature, browning, drying, decay, growth, etc., the properties of internal and external components are minimal, so that the quality of fresh ginseng can be maintained for a long time, so that the fresh ginseng or herbal medicine can be stored for a long time.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

(1) pretreatment process of fresh ginseng

① 1st washing process :

And then weighing the fresh ginseng or saengyakcho collected after sorting the foreign object, and returns a soft rotating brush in the bucket washing the soil geonjyeoseo into the ginseng into another bucket operating the air blower, ozone (O ₃₎ generator for the air bubbles in the water After washing for about 5 ~ 10 minutes by vibrating, the high pressure water jet is used to wash off the dirt, foreign matter, and epidermal pests between the head of the brain and the gap between the legs with a high pressure water sprayer.

By using the strong oxidizing power and decolorizing action of ozone (O ₃ ), the surface color of fresh ginseng is improved to a more clear yellowish white, removes ionized heavy metals and pesticides from the epidermis, and removes strong ozone (O ₃ ). Sterilization effect.

At this time, if the ozone generator is less than 5 minutes, the washing is weak, and if treated for 10 minutes or more, the tissue of the ginseng may be damaged.

② Water removal process after the first wash :

Dry for about 8 minutes under the sun and cold air below 15 ℃ except for summer, and remove the moisture of cuticle.

Drying with fire must be particularly careful as it causes rapid decay after packaging due to autolytic enzyme activity.

The change in the state of fresh ginseng as stored at room temperature of 2 ± 1 ~ 15 ± 1 ℃ by gas packaging after drying at different drying temperatures are shown in Table 1.

It can be seen from the results of Table 1 that the storage effect is more excellent when dried with cold air of 15 ° C or less.

③ Second ethanol solution washing process :

Add water ginseng to 30 ~ 80% ethanol solution and wash it for about 5 ~ 10 minutes.

Washing with ethanol removes residual organic solvent pesticides from the fresh ginseng epidermis, and extracts from the epidermis and wounds. 70% ethanol solution is excellent sterilization power, but considering the economics it is preferable to prepare a 50% solution.

When the fresh ginseng washed with ethanol and the fresh ginseng were not stored at room temperature and compared and tested under the same conditions, the brown ginseng which had undergone the ethanol washing process was browned in semi after 22 days compared to the fresh ginseng without the ethanol washing process. This was observed.

④ 2nd ethanol solution water removal process :

The fresh ginseng washed in the ethanol solution is spread on a mesh tray and sprayed with a spray of water on the surface, the brain, and the crevice to remove residual soil and residual ethanol.

⑤ insecticide process :

The phosphate gas generator can be used to control the concentration of pesticides and eggs after generating phosphate gas and putting ginseng from which residual ethanol has been removed in a sealed space for 5 hours under a gas pressure of 0.2 to 0.5kg / ㎠. The gas is released and the door is opened for 3 to 4 hours at a low temperature of 8 ± 1 ℃ to completely release the gas inside the ginseng trunk.

Until this time, the drying loss of water is reduced by about 10 to 15% from the weight of fresh ginseng before washing.

The phosphide gas used above is an organophosphorus fumigating insecticide, which is generally used for long-term storage of agricultural products. It can penetrate up to 0.05 mm in thickness in a sealed state and penetrate into the protective film of pests or pest eggs. Harmless

For reference, pests damaging the roots and stems of ginseng are shown in Table 2.

(2) Fresh ginseng packaging process

① Weigh the fresh ginseng after the pretreatment process to a certain standard weight, and put it in a transparent vacuum packaging of 0.5 mm thick PE + nylon and fit it into the nitrogen (N ₂ ) gas nozzle in the vacuum packaging machine chamber.

The vacuum wrapper is capable of blocking up to 99.99% oxygen transmission rate.

② After adjusting the vacuum degree to 500mmHg or more, proceed with the packing order.

The air in the transparent vacuum package in the vacuum chamber is drained and nitrogen (N ₂ ) gas is injected. N ₂ is inert and non-flammable, and is used for packaging agricultural products. Although it is not used in fresh herbs such as fresh ginseng, raw sulfur or live donkeys, N ₂ prevents the consumption of internal nutrients by respiration and metabolism of fresh ginseng and also causes physicochemical changes. It can be observed that the higher the amount, the greater the degree of vacuum, and the lower the ambient temperature is near 0 ° C, the better the water content and quality of the inside of the package during the storage period.

The N ₂ gas is capable of sending N ₂ gas up to Nℓ / min = lowest 5 to up to 25 and is carried out with a slight increase or decrease depending on the thickness of fresh ginseng.

③ After gas injection, it is automatically converted and transferred to the bonding and cooling course, and the small package is completed. After the indication of the standard, fresh ginseng is distributed at room temperature.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following Examples.

EXAMPLE

Weigh the fresh ginseng collected, sort out the foreign material, and then turn it with a soft rotary brush to wash the soil and remove it. Put it in another bucket. Rinse off the foreign substance attached to the fresh ginseng, remove the water on the surface of the fresh ginseng with cold air of 10 ± 1 ℃, put it in 50% ethanol solution and wash it for 8 minutes.

The washed ginseng is placed on a mesh tray and sprayed with an air spray to remove ethanol from the surface of the ginseng and placed in an airtight space, and then gas is generated at a gas pressure of 0.4㎏ / ㎠ for 5 hours. After leaving for 4 hours at about 8 ℃ to discharge the gas, the pretreated ginseng was weighed to 150g and placed in a PE + nylon multi-layer 0.5mm thick transparent vacuum package. After fitting, adjust the degree of vacuum to 500mmHg or more, remove the air from the vacuum packaging, and send nitrogen gas at a rate of 10ℓ / min, standard gauge pressure 2㎏ / ㎠, injection time 0.7 seconds and package.

Fresh ginseng prepared by the above packaging method was stored for a long period of time at a low temperature of 2 ± 1 to 14 ± 1 ℃, and visually observed the state of the inside of the wrapping paper. The skin condition of the torso, except for the semi-part, was good until then, and a slight browning phenomenon was found in the epidermis of the torso.

However, browning of the body was observed after 150 days, but the quality was maintained until then, and the browning phenomenon of the semi was found to be the drying phenomenon of the semi.

In addition, some of the fresh ginseng prepared as in Example was removed after 110 days under conditions of 2 ± 1 to 14 ± 1 ° C, and cut at intervals of 5 mm horizontally to observe the internal condition, indicating that the quality of fresh ginseng was maintained. The dry weight loss was very low and the texture of the fresh ginseng was very low.

Comparative Example 1

The fresh ginseng packaged in the same manner as in the above example was observed for 18 days at room temperature between 0 and 15 ± 1 ° C. at day and night at sunlit locations.

Comparative Example 2

The fresh ginseng packaged in the same manner as in the above example was repeatedly harshly tested for 24 hours at a temperature of 42 ± 2 ° C. in the thermostat and 1 ± 1 ° C. in the refrigerator, and the state was observed.

Comparative Example 3

Except for the packaging process, the fresh ginseng pretreated in the same manner as in the above Example was left unpacked for a long time at room temperature without packing the ginseng at 2 ± 1 ° C. to 14 ± 1 ° C., and the dried condition was observed.

As a result of the observation of Comparative Example 1, it was observed visually that the moisture was released from inside the ginseng inside the wrapping paper, and the shoots of the ginseng grew slightly by absorbing moisture again during the metabolic process of the plant. In the normal state, the semi-part partially showed browning phenomenon.

Therefore, in the case of packaged ginseng, strong direct sunlight such as the sun's rays caused a rise in the temperature inside the wrapping paper, which acts as a factor that causes a reaction to changes in the fresh ginseng.

Experimental results of Comparative Example 2, the normal pre-treated ginseng showed a slight browning phenomenon in the semi-red ginseng after 13 days, and some browning phenomenon in the semi and the trunk after 22 days was observed and weak on the body surface after 28 days Many wrinkles and yellow brown browning lost the value of fresh ginseng. Therefore, at high temperature over 40 ℃, due to the activity of autolytic enzymes in the respiration or metabolic process of fresh ginseng, it was significantly faster than the cool room temperature below 15 ℃.

In the case of Comparative Example 3, the fresh ginseng was cut and measured with an infrared moisture meter, and as a result, after 1 day, it began to dry from the semi, and after 12 days, the central American portion was naturally dried up to 11.2% of water content, and from 15 days It was confirmed that the wrinkles in the vertical bone form on the part, and after one month, dried up to 10.9% of the weight loss by the ginseng body part and dried in the form of dried ginseng.

As can be seen from the above results, conditions such as direct sunlight caused by the sun, a high temperature of more than 40 ° C, and the like resulted in water dehydration inside the ginseng or activation of the autolytic enzymes of the ginseng, thereby promoting the deterioration of the ginseng. In the case of unpacked ginseng, it was confirmed that it was dried in the form of dry ginseng on the 15th day of storage. However, under the optimum conditions of the present invention as in the above embodiment, it was also confirmed that the condition of fresh ginseng during the storage period was good up to 150 days of storage.

As described above, the vacuum packaging ginseng prepared by the packaging method of the present invention maintains good quality and condition even after being stored for 3 to 5 months, so that the vacuum packaging method according to the present invention takes into consideration its technical characteristics, economical efficiency, storage effect, and the like. It was found to be an excellent method.

According to the present invention made as described above, according to the use of a transparent packaging material can easily grasp the state of maintaining the quality grade, such as internal changes, changes in appearance, browning when stored for a long time at room temperature ginseng or herbal medicine, without a cold storage facility Providing packaged ginseng products that can be stored and sold for a long time, thus eliminating inconveniences caused by cold storage facilities of harvested fresh ginseng, and exportable, so as to obtain foreign currency, strengthen international competitiveness of agricultural products and distribute fresh ginseng and herbal medicine A new hygienic packaged product can be provided.

Claims (3)

Root ginseng or herbal medicine in a bucket of water to wash the soil, and then move to another bucket to move the air blower and ozone generator to wash for 5 to 10 minutes by vibration caused by air bubbles in the water, and then put it on a mesh again with a high-pressure injector The primary washing process to wash, A first drying process of drying the first washed ginseng or herbal medicine with cold air of 15 ° C. or less for about 8 minutes to remove moisture from the epidermis; A second washing step of washing the first dried ginseng or herbal medicine with an ethanol solution, A second drying step of removing residual ethanol by spraying the second washed ginseng or herbal medicine with an air spray; After the second dry ginseng or herbal medicine is insecticide for 5 hours in a gas pressure of 0.2 ~ 0.5㎏ / ㎠ state with a phosphide gas generator in a closed space, open the door and leave for 3-4 hours at a low temperature of 8 ± 1 ℃ Pesticidal processes that release gases, Packaging method of fresh ginseng or herbal medicine, characterized in that it comprises the step of vacuum-packing the insecticidal fresh ginseng or herbal medicine with nitrogen gas. The method of claim 1, The second washing step with an ethanol solution is a method for packaging ginseng or herbal medicine, comprising the step of immersing the fresh ginseng and herbal medicine for 5 to 10 minutes in a 30 to 80% ethanol solution. The method of claim 1, The vacuum packaging process involves placing the material in a transparent 0.5 mm thick transparent vacuum wrapping paper made of PE + nylon, fitting it to a nitrogen gas nozzle in a vacuum packaging machine chamber, and adjusting the vacuum degree to 500 mm Hg or more, and then removing the air inside the wrapping paper. Fresh ginseng or herbal medicine packaging method comprising the step of injecting and packaging at a delivery rate of nitrogen gas N l / min = 5 to 25.