KR100318378B1 - 리튬 이차 전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100318378B1 KR100318378B1 KR1019990016441A KR19990016441A KR100318378B1 KR 100318378 B1 KR100318378 B1 KR 100318378B1 KR 1019990016441 A KR1019990016441 A KR 1019990016441A KR 19990016441 A KR19990016441 A KR 19990016441A KR 100318378 B1 KR100318378 B1 KR 100318378B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- secondary battery
- active material
- lithium secondary
- amorphous carbon
- carbonate
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000007833 carbon precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 45
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 45
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 24
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000002388 carbon-based active material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011300 coal pitch Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011301 petroleum pitch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005563 spheronization Methods 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007849 furan resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003049 inorganic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001867 inorganic solvent Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011302 mesophase pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010742 number 1 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005118 spray pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011318 synthetic pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003613 toluenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
Description
EC/DMC/DEC(3/3/1) | EC/DMC/DEC/PC(39/37/12/1) | |||||
용량 [mAh/g] | 효율[%] | 고율[mAh/g] | 용량[mAh/g] | 효율(%) | 고율[mAh/g] | |
실시예 1 | 362 | 91 | 322 | 354 | 90.5 | 320 |
실시예 2 | 354 | 90 | 350 | 355 | 90.5 | 348 |
실시예 3 | 345 | 89.5 | 335 | 347 | 90 | 336 |
비교예 1 | 335 | 83 | 265 | 320 | 44 | 124 |
Claims (9)
- 시차열 분석시 발열 피크가 2개 이상 나타나며, 상기 2개 이상의 발열 피크는 서로 겹쳐져 쇼울더를 이루는 시차열 분석 발열 피크를 갖으며, 결정질 탄소와 비정질 탄소를 포함하는 음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극;리튬의 가역적인 출입이 가능한 전이 금속 산화물을 포함하는 양극;상기 양극과 음극 사이에 존재하는 세퍼레이터; 및상기 양극, 음극 및 세퍼레이터에 함침되고, 유기 용매로 환상 카보네이트 51 부피% 이상과 사슬 카보네이트를 포함하며, 리튬염을 포함하는 전해질을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 음극 활물질은 비정질 탄소 전구체 용액와 결정질 탄소가 혼합된 혼합물을 열경화한 후, 탄화하여 제조된 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 음극 활물질은 상기 비정질 탄소로 코팅되어 있는 결정질 탄소 쉘을 포함하는 일차 입자 하나 이상을 조립하여 실질적으로 구형인 이차 입자로 형성된 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 음극 활물질은 비정질 탄소 전구체 용액에 결정질 탄소를 함침시킨 후, 비정질 탄소 전구체 용액이 함침된 결정질 탄소를 탄화하여제조된 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 음극 활물질은 X-선 회절 분석시 (002)면과 (110)면에 의한 X-선 회절 강도비인 I(110)/(002)가 0.04 이하인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 음극 활물질은 라만 스펙트로스코피 강도비인 I(1360)/I(1580)가 0.3 이하인 결정성 흑연 코어와 라만 스펙트로스코피 강도비인 I(1360)/I(1580)가 0.2 이상인 탄소 쉘을 포함하는 리튬 이온 이차 전지.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 양극 활물질은 LiMN2(M은 Co, Ni, Mn 또는 이들의 혼합물이고, N은 O, S, F 및 이들의 혼합물임) 또는 LiMn2O4인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 환상 카보네이트는 에틸렌 카보네이트, 프로필렌 카보네이트 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 사슬 카보네이트는 디메틸 카보네이트, 에틸 메틸 카보네이트, 디에틸 카보네이트 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019990016441A KR100318378B1 (ko) | 1999-05-08 | 1999-05-08 | 리튬 이차 전지 |
CNB991092562A CN1276531C (zh) | 1998-05-21 | 1999-05-21 | 锂二次电池用的负极活性材料和用该料的锂二次电池 |
US09/316,766 US6482547B1 (en) | 1998-05-21 | 1999-05-21 | Negative active material for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery using the same |
JP14189399A JP4446510B2 (ja) | 1998-05-21 | 1999-05-21 | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質及びリチウム二次電池 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019990016441A KR100318378B1 (ko) | 1999-05-08 | 1999-05-08 | 리튬 이차 전지 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR20000073252A KR20000073252A (ko) | 2000-12-05 |
KR100318378B1 true KR100318378B1 (ko) | 2001-12-22 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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KR1019990016441A KR100318378B1 (ko) | 1998-05-21 | 1999-05-08 | 리튬 이차 전지 |
Country Status (1)
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KR (1) | KR100318378B1 (ko) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100453920B1 (ko) * | 2001-09-14 | 2004-10-20 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비정질 탄소가 코팅된 구형 흑연 및 그의 제조방법 |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100709218B1 (ko) * | 2005-12-30 | 2007-04-18 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지 |
KR100728124B1 (ko) | 2006-02-10 | 2007-06-13 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 연료 전지 시스템의 개질기용 수성가스 전환 산화 촉매,그의 제조 방법 및 그를 포함하는 연료 전지 시스템 |
KR100814885B1 (ko) | 2006-11-17 | 2008-03-20 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지 |
KR100814826B1 (ko) | 2006-11-20 | 2008-03-20 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지 |
KR100814831B1 (ko) | 2006-11-20 | 2008-03-20 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지 |
KR20080090655A (ko) | 2007-04-05 | 2008-10-09 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 전극 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
KR20090063441A (ko) | 2007-12-14 | 2009-06-18 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지 |
US9093702B2 (en) | 2009-09-03 | 2015-07-28 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Electrolytic solution for lithium battery, lithium battery employing the same and method for operating the lithium battery |
KR20230023210A (ko) * | 2021-08-10 | 2023-02-17 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 전고체 이차전지용 음극층 및 이를 포함하는 전고체 이차전지 |
-
1999
- 1999-05-08 KR KR1019990016441A patent/KR100318378B1/ko active IP Right Grant
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100453920B1 (ko) * | 2001-09-14 | 2004-10-20 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비정질 탄소가 코팅된 구형 흑연 및 그의 제조방법 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20000073252A (ko) | 2000-12-05 |
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