KR100317243B1 - The construction and automatic differential pressure maintenance of smoke free safety zone for used water head switch - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method and device of automatically maintaining the pressure difference in a smoke free safety zone using a differential head switch are provided, thereby 40 to 60 Pa of the pressure difference between the smoke free safety zone and indoors can be maintained continuously. Therefore, the rescue of refugees can be easily carried out. CONSTITUTION: The method of automatically maintaining the pressure difference in a smoke free safety zone comprises the steps of: blowing air into the smoke free safety zone and indoors by using a ventilator when the fire is occurred; maintaining the pressure difference between the smoke free safety zone and indoors to 40 to 60 Pa using differential head switch applying an electric conductivity of water; operating a relay by operating a manometer of the differential head switch when the air pressure of the smoke free safety zone is increased; and controlling the open and close of a damper by clock wise or anticlockwise rotation of a motor according to operation of the relay to control the inlet of air. The device of automatically maintaining the pressure difference in a smoke free safety zone is composed of a number of ventilators, a number of differential head switches, a number of relays connecting with an electric power source V1, a number of damper opening and closing motors connecting with an electric power source V2; and a number of dampers.

Description

Method for maintaining automatic differential pressure in special evacuation area using head switch and its device {THE CONSTRUCTION AND AUTOMATIC DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE MAINTENANCE OF SMOKE FREE SAFETY ZONE FOR USED WATER HEAD SWITCH}

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for maintaining automatic differential pressure in a special evacuation zone using a water head difference switch, and more particularly, a pressure difference between a special evacuation area of each floor of a building and a room using a water head difference switch using electrical conductivity of water. Is kept at 40 to 60 Pa so that evacuation and evacuation of various fire brigade can be performed smoothly.

As is well known, smoke is a major cause of casualties in high-rise or large-scale building fires. Smoke is a mixture with air that is mixed during the flow of combustion gases, which contains toxic gases such as CO and HCN, but has a less direct risk than flame and gas immediately after combustion. Nevertheless, smoke is the most important cause of human life in the case of fire because it is much faster than the part which burns directly, and at the same time it can be widely expanded through ducts of air conditioning equipment. . Therefore, it is a way to improve the safety of life in the event of a building fire by understanding the flow characteristics as the smoke expands and taking measures to control the smoke when necessary.

The conventional lifesaving method as described above is to set up a smoke-free safety zone (smoke free safety zone) does not penetrate the building to facilitate the evacuation of evacuation and various suppression rescue activities of fire brigade. The smoke control method in such a safe area is passive smoke control, which is made by a pressurized and smoke-proof design that maintains proper differential pressure with the room by introducing air into the area, and the air supply system is operated by a fire signal. It is designed to be.

In the special evacuation area, the pressurized flame retardant principle is connected to the door leading to the indoor, emergency elevator and emergency stairs, so the pressure will be reduced by air leakage into the door gap. Therefore, in order to maintain a constant pressure difference between the special evacuation area and the room, it is necessary to replenish the air corresponding to the amount of air leakage, and this is made possible by opening up the opening degree of the damper for full chamber pressure.

However, according to the above-described conventional technique, that is, the domestic firefighting technology standard, the pressure difference between the front room and the room is set to 40 to 60 Pa by the pressurized flame retardant system by pressurizing the entire floor, and 0.7m / sec into the room when the door is opened. Although the pressurization system is designed to continuously supply supplementary air at the above wind speed, in reality, high pressure is formed in the area close to the supply fan and far from the supply fan due to lack of design program and systematic research on the overpressure preventing device. The problem of low pressure is generated.

In addition, as a method of maintaining a constant pressure difference in the existing special evacuation stairs, a flap damper or an automatic differential pressure damper may be used.

However, in the case of using the flap damper, the device is the simplest, but the problem is that it does not work properly due to the actual use problem, and the method of using the differential pressure sensor uses an electric signal corresponding to the pressure difference. There is a problem that the electrical circuit is complicated to compensate for the signal due to heat generated in the.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems of the prior art, and the first object is to use the water head switch using the electrical conductivity of water, and the second object is the special evacuation area of each building and indoors The pressure difference between them was to be maintained at 40 to 60 Pa at all times, and the third purpose was to allow the evacuation of evacuation evacuation workers and various firefighting rescue operations of fire brigade to be carried out smoothly in special evacuation zones using water head switches. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for maintaining vehicle pressure.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a plurality of blowers for detecting a fire in the room to inject air into the special evacuation area of each floor; A plurality of water head switches for maintaining the pressure difference between the special evacuation area and the room at 40 to 60 Pa at all times by using electrical conductivity of water; A plurality of relays operated by the water head switch connected to a voltage source V1; A plurality of damper opening and closing motors operated by the relay connected to the voltage source V2; Provided is an automatic differential pressure maintaining device for a special evacuation area using a water head switch, characterized in that made of a plurality of dampers to adjust the width of the blower outlet or air supply by the drive of the motor.

Hereinafter, described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings a preferred embodiment of the present invention for achieving this purpose are as follows.

1 is a plan view showing a special evacuation area of the building for fire protection equipment applied to the present invention

schematic.

Figure 2 shows the water head switch using the electrical conductivity of water applied to the present invention

Partial section.

Figure 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of an automatic differential pressure holding device applied to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a graph of the performance test results of the automatic differential pressure holding device applied to the present invention.

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

P1: All rooms P2: Indoor

10: Water head switch 11: Manometa

20: relay 30: motor

40: blower or air supply 50: damper

First, the method of the present invention will be described. In other words, the method of the present invention drives the blower to inject air into a special evacuation area, which is an emergency room and emergency stairs, when a fire in the room is detected through a fire detection system. And using a water head switch to which electrical conductivity of water is applied to maintain a pressure difference of 40 to 60 Pa in the room, which may be changed due to the air flowing into the special evacuation zone, and the air pressure of the special evacuation zone. Is increased, the air is introduced into the special evacuation area by controlling the opening and closing of the damper according to the operation of the relay by the manometa driving of the water head switch and the forward and reverse rotation of the motor by the operation of the relay. Automatic differential pressure maintenance method of the special evacuation zone using the applied water head switch described above. The apparatus, which is implemented with respect to FIG. 1 to 3, is configured as shown in FIG. 1, wherein the symbol P1 shown in the building for fire protection of FIG. 1 is a lobby, P2 is a room, and Special evacuation areas include the P1 and emergency stairs.

2 shows the water head switch 10 using the electrical conductivity of water, where reference numeral 11 is a manometer for making a water head difference by a pressure difference.

The manometer 11 has a first chamber 12 and a second chamber 13 formed at both ends of the inside, and a moving path 14 is formed between the first chamber 12 and the second chamber 13. The first and second chambers 12 and 13 and the moving path 14 are configured to receive a certain amount of water.

The first chamber 12 is a place where the pressure of the front chamber (P1) is transmitted, the second chamber 13 is a pressure of the room (P2) is transmitted, in the present invention the first chamber 12 is It is characterized by being configured larger than the diameter of the second chamber (13).

In addition, the upper part of the second chamber 13 is provided with a chicken pox detecting probe 15, the lower end of the chicken pox detecting probe 15 is formed to be pointed to accurately measure the pressure and at the same time the chicken pox detecting probe In place of the outer circumferential surface of (15), the scale 15a is displayed so that a predetermined value can be initially set.

The electrode 1 (16) is connected to one side of the chicken pox detecting probe (15), and the electrode 2 (17) is connected to one side of the moving path (14).

3 is a schematic circuit diagram of an automatic differential pressure maintaining device applied to the present invention, wherein a relay 20 operated by a water head differential switch 10 and a damper opening and closing motor 30 driven by the operation of the relay 20 are shown. It consists of.

In addition, the water head switch 10 and the relay 20 are provided with a power supply V1 21, and the relay 20 is provided with a power supply V2 22.

Meanwhile, in the present invention, the damper 50 is provided at the tip of the blower 40 and the blower 40 for supplying air pressure to the front chamber P1, and the damper 50 can adjust the supply amount of the blower 40. 50 is driven by the damper opening and closing motor 30.

Referring to the operation of the automatic differential pressure maintaining method and the device of the special evacuation zone using the water head switch according to the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

First, when a fire occurs in a building, a fire detection facility (not shown in the figure) detects this and drives the blower 40.

Air is introduced into the front chamber P1 by the driving of the blower 40. At this time, since the damper 50 installed at the front end of the blower 40 is open, the air is introduced into the front chamber P1.

In the present invention, it is preferable to maintain the pressure difference between the special evacuation zone, that is, the front chamber P1 and the room P2 at 40 to 60 Pa. If air continues to flow into the front chamber P1 as described above, the pressure is 50 Pa or more. It should be lowered.

Because the pressure difference is good to ensure the smoke in special evacuation area, it is difficult to open the door when the doors through the front room (P1) and the room (P2) is closed, that is, for the elderly and children indoors (P2 This is because there is a problem that does not escape to the front room (P1).

Therefore, at this time, the air pressure in the front chamber P1 is lowered by the operation of the water head difference switch 10.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, when the air pressure of the front chamber P1 is increased, the pressure is transmitted to the first chamber 12 of the manometer 11. Flow into the second chamber 13 through. At this time, when the water level in the second chamber 13 reaches the chicken pox detecting probe 15, power is applied to the electrode 1 16 and the electrode 2 17 to operate the relay 20.

In more detail, a closed circuit is configured by the voltage source V1 21, the electrode 2 17, water, the head detecting probe 15, the electrode 1 16, and the relay 20 to flow a current. As the relay 20 operates, the current direction of the power supply V2 22 is changed, and the rotation direction of the damper opening adjustment motor 30 is changed to close the opening control damper 50 so as to close the front chamber P1, which is a special evacuation area. It is to reduce the pressure difference with the room (P1).

In the present invention, the first chamber 12 is formed larger than the diameter of the second chamber 13 to increase the head change in the second chamber 13 even by the small head change of the first chamber 12, thereby easily causing the head. It is to be able to measure.

In addition, the lower end of the head detecting probe 15 is formed to be pointed to precisely grasp the minute pressure, as well as to display the scale (15a) on the outer circumferential surface of the head detecting probe 15, the first chamber 12 The distance between the height of the water and the lower end of the chicken pox detection probe 15 is to be adjusted to 50Pa, so that the user can initially set the appropriate value to use.

On the other hand, if the pressure difference falls below 50 Pa (e.g. the special evacuation area is connected to the door to the indoor (P2), emergency elevator and emergency stairs, the pressure decreases due to air leakage into the door gap, etc.) In order to maintain a constant pressure difference between the room and the room (P2), it is necessary to replenish the air corresponding to the amount of air leakage. In this case, it is possible by opening the opening of the front chamber pressure damper 50 further). The probe 15 and the water are in a non-contact state, and no current flows in the power supply V1 (21) circuit, so that the relay 20 is not operated. At this time, the current direction of the V2 (22) is changed, and the rotation direction of the damper opening adjustment motor 30 is to operate the differential pressure control damper 50 to be opened, and as such a process is continuously repeated, the special evacuation area and the room The differential pressure of (P2) can always be maintained at 40 to 60 Pa.

In addition, as shown in the experimental result of the present invention (FIG. 4), the relay 20 is operated at around 45 Pa in the region where the operating pressure of the pressure fluctuation is approximately reduced in pressure, and at around 52.5 Pa in the pressure rising portion. When the damper opening and closing motor 30 is driven with this signal, the pressure in the special evacuation area can be kept constant.

As described above, the present invention aims to use a water head switch using electric conductivity of water, and in particular, it is possible to maintain a pressure difference between a special evacuation zone and a room at each floor of a building at 40 to 60 Pa at all times. It is a useful invention to facilitate the evacuation of the evacuation and various suppression rescue activities of fire brigade.

Claims (6)

Injecting air into a special evacuation area, which is an emergency stair area, by driving a blower when a fire in the room is detected through a fire detection facility; Using a water head switch to which electrical conductivity of water is applied to maintain a pressure difference of 40 to 60 Pa in the room, which may be changed due to the air flowing into the special evacuation area; Operating a relay by manometer driving of the water head switch when the air pressure in the special evacuation zone is increased; Controlling the air flowing into the special evacuation area by controlling the opening and closing of the damper according to the forward / reverse rotation of the motor by the operation of the relay; Automatic differential pressure maintenance method of the special evacuation area using the water head switch, characterized in that consisting of. A plurality of blowers for detecting a fire in the room and introducing air into a special evacuation area of each floor; A plurality of water head switches for maintaining the pressure difference between the special evacuation area and the room at 40 to 60 Pa at all times by using electrical conductivity of water; A plurality of relays operated by the water head switch connected to a voltage source V1; A plurality of damper opening and closing motors operated by the relay connected to the voltage source V2; A differential pressure maintaining device for a special evacuation zone using a water head switch, characterized in that it consists of a plurality of dampers to adjust the width of the blower outlet and the air supply by the drive of the motor. The method of claim 2, The head difference switch is a manometa to create a head difference by the pressure difference; First and second chambers provided at both ends of the manometa to accommodate water; A moving path provided at an inner lower end of the manometer and allowing water in the first and second rooms to move with each other; It is provided on the top of the second chamber, when the water of the second chamber is in contact with the water pressure detecting device for applying the power to the electrode 1, 2, characterized in that the automatic differential pressure maintaining device of the special evacuation zone using the head head switch . The method of claim 3, Automatic differential pressure maintenance device of a special evacuation zone using a water head switch, characterized in that the scale is displayed on the outer circumferential surface of the head detecting probe to initially set a constant value. The method of claim 3, Automatic differential pressure maintaining device of the special evacuation zone using the head switch, characterized in that the tip of the head detecting probe is configured to be able to accurately grasp the pressure. The method of claim 3, Automatic differential pressure maintaining device of the special evacuation zone using the water head switch, characterized in that the first chamber is larger than the diameter of the second chamber.