KR20130006253U - Smoke System Damper - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention blows the outside air to the smoke control area of the building in the case of fire in the smoke control facility to prevent the smoke and toxic gas in the room where the fire occurred to escape into the smoke control area by raising the air pressure of the smoke control area, In spite of the various air pressure changes in the smoke control area in case of fire, the air pressure in the smoke control area is kept within the specified range to blow air into the smoke control area on each floor of the building to prevent smoke from spreading through the smoke control area to the evacuation stairs. It relates to a ventilation system damper for controlling the air volume of the blower.
The present invention has a plurality of opening and closing blades (Blade) (13) inside the square frame 11 installed in front of the blower 100 to adjust the blowing amount of the blower (100), both ends of the plurality of opening and closing wings (13) It has a support shaft 15, each of the support shaft 15 is rotatably coupled to the square frame 11 is connected to the manual switchgear 32 and the automatic switch 31 to rotate the opening and closing wings 13 In the damper to open and close,
The plurality of opening and closing wings 13 are divided into a manual opening and closing wing 13-1 and an automatic opening and closing wing 13-2, and the support shaft 15 of the manual opening and closing wing 13-1 is a manual operation tool ( 21 is connected to be operated at the same time is connected to the opening and closing angle indicator 33 and the manual switch 31 is provided with a fixing means 35,
The support shaft 15 of the automatic opening and closing wing 13-2 is connected to be operated at the same time by the automatic operation opening 22, and is connected to the automatic opening and closing device 32, the automatic opening and closing device 32 of any layer Connected to the vehicle pressure regulator 41 connected to the air supply damper 83, half of the plurality of open / close wings 13 of the square frame 11 are manually operated by a manual switch 31 provided with an open / close angle indicator 33. Opening and closing, the other half is automatically opened and closed by the automatic opening and closing device 32 connected to the automobile pressure regulator 41 to automatically control the amount of air supplied from the blower to the ventilation zone according to the air pressure change in the ventilation zones of each floor of the building to smoke It relates to a dehumidification system damper which ensures that the zone always maintains a differential pressure within the specified range.

Description

Smoke System Damper

In general, in a high-rise building, the front of the emergency elevator or the front of the evacuation stairs is called a ventilation area, and the ventilation area is equipped with a ventilation facility that prevents harmful gas from entering in the event of fire.

Representative of the ventilation equipment installed in the ventilation zone of the high-rise building is an air supply duct and an air supply damper, and in the event of a fire, the air supply damper in front of the air supply duct is opened to allow the outside air to flow into the smoke control area.

In other words, the air supply damper installed in each floor smoke control area of a high-rise building is normally closed but is opened by a fire signal, so that the outside air supplied by the air supply duct connected to the building's vertical wind flows into the smoke control area to increase the air pressure in the smoke control area. Will be maintained.

As such, the outside air flowing into the entire room, that is, the smoke control area, increases the air pressure in the smoke control area, thereby preventing smoke from the fire-producing room from escaping into the smoke control area.

In other words, by increasing the air pressure of the smoke-producing area in the event of a fire, the smoke or toxic gas in the fire room is blocked from entering the smoke-producing area. Or evacuate to the emergency elevator room to protect valuable lives.

The regulations set out in the regulations that the air pressure in the ventilation area should be maintained at 50 Pa ± 20% Pascal in case of fire.

On the other hand, the blower for blowing outside air to the ventilation area is composed of a blower installed on the roof of the building or the basement floor of the building, and a wind control device for controlling the amount of wind generated by the blower and a vertical wind conveying the outside air.

The present invention relates to a system damper that is installed in front of the blower of the blower to control the air volume of the blower, more specifically to blow the outside air to the smoke control area of the building in case of fire to make the air pressure of the smoke control area higher than the air pressure of the non-smoke control area In a smoke control system that prevents smoke and toxic gas from a fire generated room from escaping into a smoke control area, it relates to a smoke control system damper that controls the air volume of an air blower that blows outside air to the smoke control area on each floor of a building.

In the technology that is the background of the present invention

Patent 1102928 "Compound Damper",

Patent No. 671477 "High precision automatic integrated smoke control device",

Patent No. 421806 "Smoke damper for airflow control of high-rise buildings",

Patent No. 419390 "Automatic ventilation system for building ventilation area",

Patent No. 345091 "Airtight Fire Damper",

Patent Publication No. 10-2011-0125482 "Elevation door with built-in automobile pressure damper",

Patent Publication No. 10-1998-065927 "Damper structure for air volume automatic control and air volume automatic control method",

Patent Publication No. 10-2011-0124463 "Smoking method of a high-rise building",

Utility Model No. 454596 "Damper wing opening and closing device",

Utility Model No. 234237, "Automatic Smoke Removal Device for Buildings" and the like.

In general, the impact of life safety due to fire cannot be ignored, as well as the direct cause of heat near fire ignition, as well as the effect of smoke carried by fire air in the fire and spreading in buildings.

In the event of a fire on a high-rise or large-scale building, many victims are suffocating by smoke, and smoke is a major cause.

Smoke generated from a building's fire is a very dangerous factor for human safety because the combustion gas is diluted by the air mixed in the distribution process, but the risk is lower than that of the flame or the gas immediately after combustion, but the smoke is lower than the flame. This is because the spreading speed is very fast.

Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to control smoke and take technical measures in order to promote safety of life in building fires.

Generally, in a high-rise building, a ventilation zone is formed in front of an emergency elevator or in front of an evacuation stairway, and the ventilation zone is equipped with a ventilation system that prevents harmful gas from entering in the event of fire.

The ventilation area is the last safe place for the occupants of the building to evacuate from the fire in the event of a fire and is an important space for extinguishing.

An air supply damper is installed between the smoke control area and the vertical wind of each floor of the building to introduce fresh air into the smoke control area.

The air supply damper is normally closed, but in case of a fire, the air damper is automatically opened by a fire signal and flows into the ventilation area of the air supplied through the vertical wind.

The opening and closing blades (blades) of the air supply damper controls the amount of outside air introduced from the vertical wind by adjusting the opening and closing angles to maintain the air pressure in the ventilation area within 40 to 60 Pa (50 Pa ± 20%) than the non-smoke control area. It will prevent the smoke or toxic gas of the generated room from escaping through the door.

In addition, if a person in the room to evacuate the door open in the event of a fire, through the open door to prevent the smoke inside the fire escapes into the ventilation area, if the air pressure of the ventilation area is less than 40Pa, that is, When the door is opened and the air in the ventilation area is introduced into the room, and the air pressure in the ventilation area is lowered, the air supply damper is 100% open, and the smoke speed inflowing into the room through the door opened in the ventilation area is 0.7 m / s or more. By maintaining the air speed, the air supply damper performs a 100% opening operation to prevent the smoke from the room from entering the ventilation area through the open door.

In addition, when the door is closed, that is, when the door is closed after evacuating a person from the room where the fire is generated to the ventilation area, the outside air flowed into the ventilation area from the open air supply damper (at a speed of 0.7 m / s or more) When the air differential pressure in the ventilation zone is 60 Pa or more due to the outside air, the air supply damper starts to close by adjusting the air supply amount, and the air differential pressure in the ventilation zone is maintained at 40 to 60 Pa (within 50 Pa ± 20%). Done.

In addition, when a person evacuating to the ventilation area opens an evacuation door (fire door) to the evacuation stairs, if the air pressure in the ventilation area is lowered by exiting through the evacuation door (fire door), the air supply damper again By opening the air into the ventilation zone, the air differential pressure in the ventilation zone is repeatedly adjusted to within 40 to 60 Pa.

The design criteria of the ventilation area are summarized as follows.

1. In the ventilation area, if the doors and the fire door leading to the escape stairway are closed, the air pressure in the ventilation area should be kept within 40 ~ 60Pa.

2. When a fire breaks open the indoor door, the air supply damper is 100% open at the moment, and the air flowing into the smoke control area should keep the wind speed of more than 0.7m / s in the indoor direction.

3. For buildings below 20 floors, indoor doors open one floor, while buildings over 20 floors open two floors at the same time, and the wind speed is 0.7 m / s or more. Ensure that the differential air pressure in the area is at least 70% (28Pa).

The ventilation zones must be designed with three fulfillment requirements.

The three requirements of the smoke control area should be provided, but according to the number of floors and the shape or design of the building, the above requirement 1 is satisfied, but considering the recently high-rise building, the requirements of the above 2 and 3 requirements are satisfied at the same time. There is a lot of difficulty in implementing a smoke control facility.

The present invention prevents the spread of smoke to other places in the event of fire and makes it easier for the elderly to smoke in the event of a fire, despite the various air pressure changes in the smoke control area. It is designed to protect valuable lives by opening the evacuation door of the area and evacuating quickly and safely inside and outside the ventilation area. It is a blower installed on the roof or basement floor of the building to blow air to the ventilation area of each floor of the building in case of fire. A ventilation system damper that controls the amount of wind in front of the blower, which is an automatic switchgear that automatically opens and closes the blades of the damper, and a manual switchgear that opens and closes the wings of the damper at the same time to manually open and close the blades of the damper. Passive switchgear meets condition 1 of the requirements in the smoke control area Automatic opening and closing device that automatically opens and closes the blades of the damper after setting the opening and closing angle of the manual opening and closing wing, and automatically controls the air volume according to the air pressure change in each floor's ventilation area. It is to keep the wind speed.

It has a plurality of opening and closing blades (Blade) (13) inside the square frame (11) installed in front of the blower 100 to adjust the blowing amount of the blower (100), support shafts on both ends of the plurality of opening and closing wings (13) 15, each of the support shaft 15 is rotatably coupled to the square frame 11 is connected to the automatic opening and closing device 32 and the manual switch 31 to rotate the opening and closing wing 13 to open and close In the damper,

The plurality of opening and closing wings 13 are divided into a manual opening and closing wing 13-1 and an automatic opening and closing wing 13-2, and the support shaft 15 of the manual opening and closing wing 13-1 is a manual operation tool ( 21 is connected to be operated at the same time is connected to the opening and closing angle indicator 33 and the manual switch 31 is provided with a fixing means 35,

The support shaft 15 of the automatic opening and closing wing 13-2 is connected to be operated at the same time by the automatic operation opening 22, and is connected to the automatic opening and closing device 32, the automatic opening and closing device 32 of any layer It is connected to the vehicle pressure regulator 41 connected to the air supply damper 83, and half of the plurality of open / close wings 13 of the square frame 11 are manually opened and closed by a manual switch 31 having an open / close angle indicator 33. And, the other half was to be automatically opened and closed by the automatic opening and closing device 32 connected to the automobile pressure regulator 41.

According to the present invention, the opening and closing angle of the manual operation opening and closing wing 13-1 with the manual switching device 31 is determined by the capacity of the blower 100, the size of the opening and closing wing 13, the number of the opening and closing wings 13, and the like. 33), the opening and closing angle can be easily adjusted and fixed by the fixing means 35, so that the air in the smoke control area is closed when both the indoor door and the fire door (evacuation door) leading to the evacuation stairs, which are the first conditions of the design conditions of the smoke control area, are closed. After the differential pressure is set to maintain within 40 ~ 60Pa, the automatic opening and closing device 32 is connected to the vehicle pressure regulator 41 in accordance with the pressure difference of the ventilation area 60 and the room side by the vehicle pressure regulator 41 It operates to open and close the automatic operation opening and closing wing 13-2 so as to satisfy the design condition 2nd and 3rd condition of the ventilation area, to maintain the air differential pressure in the ventilation area within the prescribed range. Air pressure differential within the range Becomes, as a result, prevent the rapid spread of fire, smoke and a very useful designed to protect the life and property.

1-A front view of the present invention.
Figure 2-Side view of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the use state showing that the opening and closing wings partially closed in the present invention.
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the state of use of the opening and closing wings in the present invention.
Figure 5-Operation state showing that the opening and closing wings open and closed in the present invention.
Figure 6-Illustrated operating state showing the position of the operating tool when the opening and closing wings partially closed in the present invention.
Figure 7-Illustrated operating state showing the position of the operating opening when the opening and closing wings are fully open in the present invention.
Figure 8-Figure showing the operation state showing the position of the operation opening when the opening and closing blades in the present invention.
9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the smoke control facility of a high-rise building in which the present invention is used.
10-Schematic cross-sectional view of the ventilation equipment of a conventional high-rise building.

It has a plurality of opening and closing blades (Blade) (13) inside the square frame (11) installed in front of the blower 100 to adjust the blowing amount of the blower (100), support shafts on both ends of the plurality of opening and closing wings (13) 15, each of the support shaft 15 is rotatably coupled to the square frame 11 is connected to the automatic opening and closing device 32 and the manual switch 31 to rotate the opening and closing wing 13 to open and close In the damper,

The plurality of opening and closing wings 13 are divided into a manual opening and closing wing 13-1 and an automatic opening and closing wing 13-2, and the support shaft 15 of the manual opening and closing wing 13-1 is a manual operation tool ( 21 is connected to be operated at the same time is connected to the opening and closing angle indicator 33 and the manual switch 31 is provided with a fixing means 35,

The support shaft 15 of the automatic opening and closing wing 13-2 is connected to be operated at the same time by the automatic operation opening 22, and is connected to the automatic opening and closing device 32, the automatic opening and closing device 32 of any layer It is connected to the vehicle pressure regulator 41 connected to the air supply damper 83, and half of the plurality of open / close wings 13 of the square frame 11 are manually opened and closed by a manual switch 31 having an open / close angle indicator 33. And, the other half was to be automatically opened and closed by the automatic opening and closing device 32 connected to the automobile pressure regulator 41.

The present invention having such a structure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention has a plurality of opening and closing wings 13 inside the square frame 11, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the support shaft 15 on both sides of the opening and closing wings 13, the support shaft ( 15 is inserted into the square frame 11 to rotate each of the opening and closing wings 13, the support shaft 15 and the manual operation tool of the manual opening and closing wings 13-1 of the opening and closing part of the opening (13). (21) connected to each other at the same time to open and close the manual operation opening 21, and at the same time the manual opening and closing device 31 is provided with the opening and closing angle indicator 33 in the manual operating opening 21 manually The automatic opening and closing wings 13-2 of a part of the other opening and closing wings 13 are connected to each other by the automatic operation opening 22 to be operated at the same time, and at the same time, the automatic opening and closing 32 is automatically opened and closed. It is so long.

The plurality of opening and closing wings 13 in the square frame 11 are connected to the barrier rib 12 by a half manual switchgear 31 and the other half to configure the smoke control system damper to open and close the automatic switch 32. Can be.

The present invention blows the outside air to the smoke control zone (80) which is the entire room during the fire of the high-rise building, as shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of the high-rise building smoke control facility of FIG. By keeping it high within a more defined range,

In order to keep the air pressure in the ventilation zone 80 by supplying the outside air generated in the blower 100 installed on the roof or basement floor of the building to each floor through the vertical wind 90, and through the air supply damper 83 of each floor. Therefore, the automatic opening and closing device 32 is controlled by the vertical wind pressure air pressure sensor 95 to control the air volume generated in the blower 100 as shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of the conventional high-rise building ventilation equipment shown in FIG. Rather than maintaining the air differential pressure of 80, the present invention is an automobile pressure regulator 41 connected to the air supply damper 83 of any floor is connected to the automatic switching device 32, the automatic switching device 32 is a building According to the change in the air pressure of each floor ventilation zone 80, it is possible to always maintain the air differential pressure in the ventilation zone 80 in a prescribed range.

This is a manual switch 31 which manually opens and closes the blade of the damper, so that the first condition of the smoke control area is set to satisfy the first condition of the ventilation area, even if a fire occurs in an unconnected floor. The automatic switch 32 is operated by the controller 41 to adjust the air volume of the blower.

In the related art, the front of the blower 100 includes a manual damper that adjusts the direction of air or adjusts the air blowing amount according to the capacity of the blower. As described above, the damper installed in front of the blower 100 calculates the blower capacity of the blower and fixes the damper opening and closing blades. Thus, the fixed damper was always used to open and close the fixed damper at the initial opening and closing of the damper. .

Thus, the opening and closing wing type damper installed in front of the conventional blower can not properly control the air pressure of the smoke control zone 80 by blowing the outside air at a constant wind speed and wind pressure without responding to the air pressure change of the smoke control zone 80 of each floor. Had no problems.

The present invention improves the conventional damper installed in front of the blower 100, a part of the plurality of opening and closing wings 13 to be opened and closed by the automatic opening and closing device 32, the other part is fixed to the opening and closing angle indicator 33 Manual opening and closing with a means (35) (31) is easy to see how much the opening and closing angle, and by adjusting the opening and closing the fixing means 35 and then the air pressure in the ventilation area is usually open within 40 ~ 60Pa, In the event of a fire, the air pressure of the ventilation zone 80 is controlled by the automatic control device 32 so that the air pressure in the ventilation zone 80 is maintained at a uniform air differential pressure.

The present invention is a damper having a plurality of opening and closing wings 13 inside the square frame 11, the manual opening and closing wing 13-1 which is operated by the manual switch 31 is installed outside the square frame 11, While maintaining the open state at all times, the manual opening and closing with the opening and closing angle indicator 33 and the fixing means 35 while watching the opening angle is easily adjusted and fixed by the fixing means 35 is initially set.

More specifically, the manual switchgear of the present invention, the size of the blower 100, the number of the opening and closing wings, the capacity of the blower to control the opening and closing angle of the manual opening and closing wing 13-1, the design criteria of the ventilation area After the opening and closing angle is adjusted using the lock angle indicator 33 to maintain the air volume satisfying the first condition 40 to 60 Pa, the fixing means 35 is fixed and set.

In addition, the automatic opening and closing wing 13-2, which is operated by the automatic opening and closing device 32 installed outside the square frame 11, opens the manual opening and closing device 31 100% even if the air pressure prescribed in the design rule 1 of the smoke control area. If this lack is to open the automatic opening and closing device (32) to satisfy the first design criteria of the smoke control area.

When the air pressure in the ventilation area is momentarily lowered by opening doors for indoor escape in a room where the fire corresponding to the regulations of the ventilation area is set out in paragraphs 2 and 3, it falls under the design criteria of the ventilation area. If the indoor door opens one floor in a building of 20 floors or less, or the indoor door opens two floors at the same time in a building of 20 floors or more, and the air pressure in the ventilation area is momentarily lowered, the air supply damper 83 of any floor and The automatic opening and closing device 32 is operated by the connected automobile pressure regulator 41 so that the automatic opening and closing device 32 is operated in accordance with the change in the air pressure of the smoke control area on each floor of the building to open and open the automatic opening and closing wing 13-2. 100% of the airflow is used in accordance with the design criteria of sections 2 and 3 of the zone to meet the design criteria 1, 2 and 3 of the ventilation area.

That is, the present invention has a plurality of opening and closing wings 13 inside the square frame 11, each of the opening and closing wings 13 has a support shaft 15 for rotating the opening and closing wings 13, In the damper having an opening and closing operation opening for opening and closing the opening and closing wing 13 on the support shaft 15, a manual opening and closing wing (13-1) of a portion of the plurality of opening and closing wings 13 installed inside the square frame (11). The support shaft 15 of the manual operating port 21, connected to be operated at the same time and at the same time connected to the manual switch 31 so as to open and close manually,

The support shaft 15 of the other automatic opening and closing wing 13-2 is connected to the automatic operation opening 22 and the automatic opening and closing device 32 is opened and closed, so that the plurality of opening and closing wings 13 are manually opened and closed 31. And a dehumidification system damper that is automatically and manually operated by the automatic opening and closing device (32).

According to the present invention, when the air pressure in the smoke control zone 80 does not reach the prescribed air differential pressure due to various external environmental factors as described above, the automatic opening and closing device 32 is operated to be driven by the automatic operation opening 22. Opening the wing (13-2) to increase the air flow rate to increase the air pressure in the ventilation zone (80) so that the air differential pressure within the prescribed range is formed. In addition, when the air pressure of the ventilation zone 80 is instantaneously high,

That is, when the air pressure rises due to the opening and closing of the door 73 leading to the interior 70 and the evacuation door (fire door) 91 leading to the emergency stairs 92 is opened and closed, the smoke control area ( When the air pressure of 80) rises rapidly, the automatic opening and closing device 32 closes the automatic opening and closing wing 13-2 to lower the air pressure in the ventilation area, and also after the evacuation door (fire door) 91 is opened, When the air in the smoke control zone 80 escapes through the fire door 91 and the air pressure in the smoke control zone 80 does not reach the air pressure within the prescribed range, the air supply damper 83 is the air pressure sensor in the smoke control zone. By the momentary closing and simultaneous automatic opening and closing device 32 is operated to reduce the amount of air flow, to lower the air pressure in the ventilation area 80 to automatically close the open fire door 91, after the fire door 91 is closed , The air supply damper 83 opens and blows air By increasing the air volume it will be adjusted to that by increasing the air pressure in the ventilation zone 80 is reached within the regular range.

As such, the present invention is installed in front of the blower 100 installed on the roof or basement floor of the building, and automatically adjusts the amount of air supplied to the ventilation zone 80 according to the change in the air pressure of the ventilation zone 80, the ventilation zone. The air differential pressure of (80) is always kept within the specified range, thereby preventing the rapid spread of smoke in case of fire and protecting valuable lives.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that the embodiments described herein are illustrative and non-restrictive in all aspects.

10-Compound Damper 10 '-Conventional Compound Damper
11-Square Frame 12-Bulkhead
13-Opening and closing wing 13-1-Manual opening and closing wing
13-2-Automatic closing wing 15-Support shaft
21-Manual Operated 22-Automatic Operated
31-Manual Switch 32-Automatic Switch
33-Opening and closing angle adjuster 35-Fixing means
41-Car pressure regulator 42-Display
43-Switch 70-Indoor
72-Indoor side pressure pipe 73-Door 80-Smoke area 82-Smoke area pressure pipe
83-Air supply damper 90-Vertical wind
91-Evacuation Door 92-Emergency Stairs
95-Vertical wind air pressure sensor 100-Blower

Claims (1)

It has a plurality of opening and closing blades (Blade) (13) inside the square frame (11) installed in front of the blower 100 to adjust the blowing amount of the blower (100), support shafts on both ends of the plurality of opening and closing wings (13) 15, each of the support shaft 15 is rotatably coupled to the square frame 11 is connected to the manual switchgear 32 and the automatic switchgear 31 to rotate the opening and closing wings 13 to open and close. In the damper,
The plurality of opening and closing wings 13 are divided into a manual opening and closing wing 13-1 and an automatic opening and closing wing 13-2, and the support shaft 15 of the manual opening and closing wing 13-1 is a manual operation tool ( 21 is connected to be operated at the same time is connected to the opening and closing angle indicator 33 and the manual switch 31 is provided with a fixing means 35,
The support shaft 15 of the automatic opening and closing wing 13-2 is connected to be operated at the same time by the automatic operation opening 22, and is connected to the automatic opening and closing device 32, the automatic opening and closing device 32 of any layer It is connected to the vehicle pressure regulator 41 connected to the air supply damper 83, and half of the plurality of open / close wings 13 of the square frame 11 are manually opened and closed by a manual switch 31 having an open / close angle indicator 33. And, the other half of the damper system, characterized in that the automatic opening and closing by the automatic opening and closing device (32) connected to the automobile pressure regulator (41).

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