KR100237190B1 - Heating and cooling system using natural energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cooling and heating system using natural solar energy and groundwater heat, and more specifically, a high concentration low temperature absorbent in the case of summer cooling by using the principle of dehumidification and regeneration of a very absorbent lithium chloride (LICL) liquid absorbent. It is to reduce the cooling load by lowering the indoor humidity and air temperature, and in the case of winter heating, it relates to a cooling and heating system using natural energy to humidify and heat indoor air by using a low concentration and high temperature absorbent.

The heating and cooling system using the natural energy of the present invention, in the summer, the solar evaporator to increase the concentration by evaporating the moisture of the liquid absorber, a cold, heat medium to the heat, in the case of winter, the regenerator to use a high temperature liquid absorber by using a heat collecting plate ( 10); In the case of summer, the high concentration of the liquid absorbent stored from the regenerator 10 is lowered by using ground water and time water, dehumidified, cooled by indoor heat exchanger, and stored again, and in the case of winter, the high temperature from the regenerator 10 A storage tank for maintaining a proper temperature by using a liquid absorbent of the late night power and the like and storing the liquid absorbent by lowering the concentration of the liquid absorbent; In the summer season, the indoor air is dehumidified and cooled by using the high concentration low temperature liquid absorbent stored in the drying tank 20, and in the winter season, the heat exchanger 30 humidifies and heats the indoor air using the low concentration high temperature liquid absorbent; Hot water storage tank 40 that can be used during the hot water heating using the winter heat and midnight power as an auxiliary heat source of the storage tank drying 20; A heat exchanger (50) installed between the regenerator (10) and the condensation drying tank (20); And to the pipe, pump (P1 ~ P4) and the valve (V1) connecting the regenerator 10, the building drying tank 20, the total heat exchanger (30), the hot water storage tank (40) and the heat exchanger (50) to each other. Characterized in that made.

Description

Heating and cooling system using natural energy

The present invention relates to a cooling and heating system using natural solar energy and groundwater heat, and more specifically, to cooling the summer season by using the principle of dehumidification and regeneration of a very absorbent lithium chloride (LICL) liquid absorbent which is a cold and hot medium. In the case of a high concentration low temperature absorber to reduce the cooling load by lowering the indoor humidity and temperature, the winter heating is a cooling and heating system using natural energy to humidify, heat the indoor air using a low concentration high temperature absorber.

Recently, the development of various air-conditioning systems enabled the improvement of indoor environment and energy-saving cooling and heating, resulting in the improvement of living environment.

However, most of these air conditioning systems use electricity and fossil energy as the driving heat source, and due to the limitations of mechanical air conditioning equipment, it consumes enormous energy, thereby depleting energy and destroying the environment.

In addition, in the existing air conditioning system, temperature control is easy, but when controlling temperature and humidity at the same time, there are many problems such as difficulty in controlling and double consumption of energy cooled after heating and dehumidification in summer.

In addition, cooling by temperature control is undesirable in terms of health of the human body due to the unpleasantness of cold air and the cause of cooling disease. Therefore, the temperature and humidity can be increased at the same time, which increases the comfort and health of the occupants and can greatly contribute to energy conservation and environmental conservation. There is a need for an easy heating and cooling system.

In terms of global environmental protection, environmental regulations such as the use of Freon refrigerants, which are the main causes of ozone layer destruction, and the strengthening of carbon dioxide emission standards are being tightened. Therefore, it is urgent to develop heating and cooling systems using natural energy.

The present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems as described above, the object of the present invention is to reduce the heating and cooling load by using natural energy, such as solar heat and groundwater, resulting in energy saving by reducing the air conditioning capacity, load It is possible to operate optimally according to the fluctuation, minimize the emission of pollutants in the air and prevent the destruction of ozone layer by not using freon refrigerant, and it is harmless to the human body and has a disinfection and sterilization function to provide a healthy air-conditioning environment for the occupants. In addition, it is suitable for air-conditioning for indoor environment as well as for dehumidification cooling of infants and elderly facilities that are sensitive to large underground spaces and cold air flows.It is also a system that uses recycled energy such as waste heat of buildings according to local characteristics as well as solar heat. It has various applicability, such as being able to apply, and furthermore, Significantly reducing the initial cost and operating cost to purify sikimyeo to provide a heating and cooling system using the natural energy to actively correspond to a load of the building, noise and vibration.

Cooling and heating system using the natural energy of the present invention for achieving the above object is a high concentration cold absorber in the case of summer cooling by using the principle of dehumidification, regeneration of lithium chloride (LICL) liquid absorbent which is very absorbent as a cold, warm medium. Cooling load is reduced by reducing indoor humidity and air temperature. The low concentration high temperature absorbent generated at this time is evaporated and regenerated to high concentration with solar heat regenerator, and then cooled by using ground water or water water, and recycled.In the case of winter heating, the low concentration high temperature absorbent is used indoors. The air is humidified and heated, and the high concentration cold absorbent generated at this time is heated by solar heat, and the concentration is reduced by using replenishment water, and then recycled to reduce heating load.

In addition, the air-conditioning system using the natural energy is composed of a regenerator, a building drying tank, a heat exchanger, characterized in that the operation function of each component is changed according to the summer and winter.

In other words, in the case of summer cooling, the regenerator evaporates the moisture of the liquid absorbent by solar heat, increases the concentration, stores it in the drying tank, lowers the temperature of the liquid absorbent by using the ground water and water, and dehumidifies and cools the room air through a heat exchanger. In the case of winter heating, the regenerator is used as a heat collecting plate, and the high temperature liquid absorbent is stored in the heat storage tank. The auxiliary heat source is maintained at a proper temperature by using midnight electric power. After lowering the concentration, the room air is humidified and heated through the total heat exchanger, and is then used by reheating the storage in the heat storage tank.

1 is a basic overview of the air conditioning system using natural energy according to the present invention,

2 is an overall configuration diagram showing the principle of heating and cooling of the present invention system,

3 is a configuration diagram for explaining the summer system of the present invention,

4 is a configuration diagram for explaining a winter system of the present invention;

5 is a graph showing the playback amount by time according to the wind speed change of the present invention,

6 is a graph showing the relationship between the absorption potential and the amount of dehumidification of the total heat exchanger of the present invention.

<Description of the reference numerals for the main parts of the drawings>

10: regenerator 20: building drying tank

30: heat exchanger 40: hot water storage tank

50: heat exchanger P1 ~ P4: pump

V1: valve

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a basic schematic diagram of the air conditioning system using natural energy according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a general configuration diagram showing the cooling and heating principle of the system of the present invention, Figure 3 is a configuration diagram for explaining the summer system of the present invention, Figure 4 is a configuration diagram for explaining the winter system of the present invention, Figure 5 is a graph showing the regeneration amount by time according to the wind speed change of the regenerator of the present invention, Figure 6 is the relationship between the absorption potential and the dehumidification amount of the total heat exchanger of the present invention Is a graph.

As shown, the heating and cooling system using the natural energy of the present invention includes a regenerator 10, a building tank 20, a total heat exchanger 30, a hot water storage tank 40, a heat exchanger 50, connecting them The pipe further includes a valve (V1) and the pump (P1 ~ P4).

The regenerator 10 is installed outside the building such as a rooftop and connected to the storage drying tank 20 and the heat storage tank 40 to increase the concentration by evaporating the moisture of the liquid absorbent (lidium chloride LiCL) with solar heat in summer. Storage in the drying tank 20, in the case of winter to use a heat collecting plate to store a high temperature liquid absorbent in the heat storage tank (40).

The building drying tank 20 reduces the temperature of the high concentration of the liquid absorbent stored from the regenerator 10 by using the ground water and the time water in summer, and dehumidifies and cools the indoor air through the heat exchanger 30 and then the building drying tank 20. ) To be used again by storing and regenerating, and in the case of winter, the concentration of the high temperature liquid absorbent stored from the regenerator 10 is reduced to the replenishment water to humidify and heat the indoor air through the heat exchanger 30, and then the building drying tank (20). ) To save and play back.

The total heat exchanger (30) dehumidifies and cools the indoor air using a high concentration low temperature liquid absorbent stored in the storage drying tank (20) in the summer season, and in the winter season, humidifies and heats the indoor air using a low concentration high temperature liquid absorbent. .

The hot water heat storage tank 40 maintains a proper temperature by using a late night electric power in the case of winter, and increases the liquid absorbent temperature of the heat storage drying tank 20 through heat exchange with the heat storage drying tank 20.

Hereinafter, the operation of the system of the present invention in the summer will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

When the pump P2 is driven, the circulation of the liquid absorbent LiCL in the drying tank 20 is started.

At this time, the liquid absorbent is a low concentration hot liquid absorbent whose concentration is about 20% and the temperature is about 35 ° C.

This low concentration liquid absorbent of high temperature is transferred to the regenerator 10 along the pipe is heated and dried by solar heat.

At this time, the regeneration amount of 1 m 2 of regenerator 10 is about 1 kg / m 2 on a clean day (insolation amount of about 800 watts), which has a dehumidifying effect of at least one home air conditioner.

That is, the moisture is evaporated by solar heat to increase its concentration, and then transported along the pipe and stored in the drying tank 20. In the process, the pump P3 is operated so that a high concentration of the liquid absorbent is lowered by groundwater or water. Stored lower.

The liquid absorbent, which is a refrigerant having a high concentration and low temperature, passes through the heat exchanger 30 along the pipe by the operation of the pump P1 and dehumidifies and cools the indoor air through the heat exchanger 30.

At this time, the liquid absorbent is in a state of high concentration low temperature liquid absorbent whose concentration is about 30% and its temperature is about 15 ° C.

The high concentration low temperature liquid absorbent is to supply the low-temperature dry air to the room and the high temperature humid air of the room to recover, after which the liquid absorbent is placed in the storage, regeneration and use of the drying tank (20) again.

In other words, the above-mentioned cooling circulation is continuously performed.

Meanwhile, the operation of the present invention system in winter will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 4.

When the pump P2 is driven, the circulation of the liquid absorbent LiCL in the drying tank 20 is started.

At this time, the liquid absorbent is a high concentration low temperature liquid absorbent having a concentration of about 30% and a temperature of about 20 ° C.

The high concentration low temperature liquid absorbent is transferred to the regenerator 10 along the pipe, heated by solar heat, and the heated high temperature liquid absorbent is stored in the drying tank 20.

That is, the regenerator 10 at this time is used as a solar heat collecting plate.

The hot water heat storage tank 40 is equipped with an auxiliary heat source such as a late-night electric power, and when the pump P4 is operated, heat exchange with the heat drying tank 20 is performed, whereby the liquid absorbent stored in the heat drying tank 20 becomes higher. .

The high temperature liquid absorbent in the condensation drying tank 20 makes the liquid absorbent low in concentration by replenishment water such as groundwater or time water by opening the valve V1.

The liquid absorbent, which is a low concentration high temperature refrigerant, is circulated through the total heat exchanger 30 by the operation of the pump P1, and now humidifies and heats the indoor air.

At this time, the liquid absorbent is in a state of low concentration high temperature liquid absorbent having a concentration of about 20% and a temperature of about 40 ° C.

The low concentration high temperature liquid absorber serves to supply the high temperature humid air to the room and recovers the low temperature dry air in the room. After that, the liquid absorbent is stored in the axial drying tank 20 again and placed in a state capable of reheating.

In other words, the heating circulation operation described above is performed continuously.

However, the liquid absorbent lithium chloride (LiCL) used in the present invention has a low vapor pressure and excellent absorbency, solubility in water, regeneration at room temperature, chemically stable, harmless to the human body, and sterilizing and disinfecting. On the other hand, the development of alternative materials was carried out at the same time as the system fabrication experiment.

In addition, the absorption type dehumidification method using the liquid absorbent is more advantageous than the solid absorption type using silica gel, but it is difficult to quantify the regeneration and absorption efficiency due to the specificity of the liquid. The effect of the system on the system efficiency was examined.

In particular, the summer experimental conditions and results of the regenerator 10 and the total heat exchanger 30 among the system components are described as follows.

First, the measurement experiment results of the regenerator 10 will be described based on FIG. 5.

Factors affecting the regeneration efficiency are wind speed, flow rate, insolation amount, temperature and humidity of the inlet air, and the regeneration surface conditions of the regenerator 10, that is, the inclination angle and the drift phenomenon of the liquid absorbent greatly influence the regeneration amount. In order to select the optimum structure of the surface, various types of regenerated surfaces were fabricated and measured for each inclination angle.

As the experimental conditions, the liquid absorbent was measured at a constant flow rate (450kg / h), and the amount of regeneration by time according to the wind speed change (1.1m / s, 0.8m / s, 0.6m / s) was measured and compared.

Measurement results of the summer regenerator 10, as shown in Figure 5 can be seen that the regeneration amount of the clear day (insolation amount 800w / ㎡) is depending on the wind speed, but is reproduced more than about 1kg / ㎡ at the optimum conditions.

On the other hand, the measurement experiment results of the total heat exchanger (30) will be described based on FIG.

In order to increase the contact area of the liquid absorbent and air in the heat exchanger (30), the dehumidification efficiency was increased by using a lashing ring as a filler.

The liquid absorbents were measured from the top to the bottom and air from the bottom to the top to be dehumidified and cooled.

As the experimental conditions, the initial concentration of lithium chloride was about 38wt.%, And the dehumidification amount was measured by changing the flow rate and air volume while maintaining the relative humidity of air at about 90%.

6 shows the correlation between the absorption potential and the amount of dehumidification considering the initial state of the liquid absorbent and the wet air as the experimental results of the summer heat exchanger 30.

Here, the correlation between the absorption potential (Q / L × (Xai-Xli) and the amount of dehumidification was r 2 = 0.85, and a good result was obtained.

In other words, it is possible to predict the dehumidification amount within the ± 15% error as the absorption potential.

Where Q = air volume (kg / h), L = flow rate of liquid absorbent (kg / h), Xai = absolute humidity of inlet air (g / kg), Xli = absolute humidity of inlet absorber (solution contact surface reaches Absolute humidity of the air: g / kg).

As described above, the air-conditioning system using the natural energy of the present invention uses natural energy such as solar heat and groundwater, and uses the principle of dehumidification and regeneration of a lithium chloride (LICL) liquid absorbent which is extremely absorbent as a cold or warm medium. In the case of summer cooling, the indoor humidity and air temperature are reduced with a high concentration low temperature absorber to reduce the cooling load, and the low concentration high temperature absorbent generated at this time is evaporated and regenerated by a solar regenerator at high concentration, and then cooled by using ground water or time water. In the case of using a low concentration high temperature absorbent, the indoor air is humidified and heated, and the high concentration low temperature absorbent generated at this time is heated by solar heat, and the concentration is reduced by using replenishment water, and then recycled to reduce the heating load. By using natural energy such as solar heat and groundwater The heating load can be reduced to reduce the air conditioning capacity, resulting in energy savings, and by adjusting the capacity of the aqueous lithium chloride solution, it can cope with load fluctuations optimally, enabling optimum operation according to load fluctuations, minimizing the emission of pollutants in the air and freon It prevents the destruction of ozone layer by not using refrigerant, and it is harmless to human body and has disinfection and sterilization ability to provide healthy air-conditioning environment for the in-patients, and also for infants who are sensitive to large underground space and cold air as well as for indoor environment It is suitable for dehumidification cooling of elderly facilities, and it can be applied to various systems that use recycled energy such as waste heat of buildings as a heat source according to local characteristics in addition to solar heat, and further simplify the system. Significantly reduce initial investment and operating costs, and increase the load, noise, vibration A polar effect which makes it possible to operate so that the function is changed in accordance with the summer and the winter in a single system with the effect such as the corresponding configuration of each device.

Although the invention has been described in detail only with respect to the described embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made within the spirit and scope of the invention, and such variations or modifications will belong to the appended claims. .

Claims (3)

In the summer, the regenerator 10 stores the high temperature liquid absorber in the heat storage tank by evaporating the moisture of the liquid absorbent, which is a cold and thermal medium by solar heat, increasing the concentration, and storing the high temperature liquid absorbent in the heat storage tank. In the summer season, the liquid absorbent of the high concentration stored in the regenerator 10 is lowered by using ground water and time water, and the indoor air is dehumidified and cooled through a total heat exchanger. In the winter season, the high temperature liquid absorbent is stored from the regenerator 10. A condensation drying tank 20 for lowering the concentration using supplemental water to humidify and heat indoor air through a total heat exchanger, and then storing and regenerating the condensation drying tank again; In the summer season, the indoor air is dehumidified and cooled by using the high concentration low temperature liquid absorbent stored in the drying tank 20, and in the winter season, the heat exchanger 30 humidifies and heats the indoor air using the low concentration high temperature liquid absorbent; In the case of winter, the heat storage tank 40 to maintain a proper temperature by using a midnight power and the like to lower the concentration of the liquid absorbent to the replenishment water to humidify, heat the indoor air through the heat exchanger 30; A heat exchanger (50) installed between the regenerator (10) and the condensation drying tank (20); And The regenerator 10, the storage drying tank 20, the total heat exchanger 30, the hot water storage tank 40 and the heat exchanger 50 is composed of a pipe, a pump (P1 ~ P4) and the valve (V1) connected to each other. Heating and cooling system using natural energy, characterized in that the dust. The air-conditioning system using natural energy according to claim 1, wherein the liquid absorbent which is the cold / hot medium is an aqueous solution of lithium chloride. The air-conditioning system using natural energy according to claim 1, wherein a rashing ring is filled in the heat exchanger to increase the dehumidification effect by increasing the contact area between the liquid absorbent and the air.

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