JPH05301014A - Open adsorption type air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To execute air conditioning particularly cooling by using relatively easily obtainable heat energy to save high level energy. CONSTITUTION:Warm water of >=60 deg.C is used as a heat source of a heater 4 for an open adsorption type air conditioner 1 and the high level energy used for a cooler is saved by incorporating the open adsorption type air conditioner 1 into a ventilation system, and cooling is executed only by the open adsorption type air conditioner 1 at a season when cooling load is low.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an open-type adsorption type air conditioner, and more particularly to an open-type adsorption type air conditioner using hot water of 60 ° C. or higher as a heat source for heating a heater.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In factories and the like, low-level heat energy of about 60 ° C. is surplus, and a part of it is used for boiler water supply, hot water supply for bathhouses, etc., but most of it is discarded without being used. ing. On the other hand, high-level energy such as heat or electricity of 100 ° C. or higher is insufficient, and this is supplemented by moving the boiler or purchasing electricity. Especially, for cooling in summer, electric compressors and city gas are used to drive compression and absorption type cooling machines.

When hot water is obtained using solar heat, the temperature of the hot water is 10 unless a collector having a special pressure resistant structure is used.
The temperature is below 0 ° C, and the amount of heat collected during the summer is large, but most of it is used only for hot water supply at baths and is discarded. On the other hand, cooling is performed using electricity or city gas.

The absorption chiller / heater uses city gas or the like to generate cold water in the summer and hot water in the winter, thereby performing heating / cooling. In addition to this, a device was developed that added a device for extracting hot water for hot water supply, and during the cooling period it became a simultaneous supply of cold and hot water,
It is efficient because part of the heat input from cold water production can be used for hot water production. However, it is difficult to use except when there is a cooling load and a hot water load at the same time.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to incorporate an open type adsorption type air conditioner operating with hot water of 60 ° C. or higher into a ventilation device of a room to be air conditioned, thereby reducing the load on the air conditioner. And to provide an air conditioner with improved total efficiency.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention includes a housing divided into two parts, a dehumidifying rotor having an adsorbent for alternately adsorbing and desorbing, and a heater for heating the adsorbent when desorbing the adsorbent. In the open type adsorption air conditioner including a heat exchanger, hot water of 60 ° C. or higher is used as a heating heat source of the heater.

[0007]

According to the present invention, an open-type adsorption air conditioner that operates with hot water of a low level of about 60 ° C., which is a low level of heat energy, is incorporated into a ventilation device of a room to be air-conditioned to process an outside air load, and This reduces the load on the air conditioner, which can operate only at a high level of energy.

[0008]

EXAMPLES The open-type adsorption air conditioner according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an open type adsorption type air conditioner 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention used for cooling. The open adsorption air conditioner 1 includes an exhaust passage 11 and an air supply passage 12, and the exhaust passage 11 includes a humidifier 2, a heat exchanger 3, a heater 4, a dehumidifying rotor 5 and an exhaust fan 6. .. In the air supply passage 12, there are an air supply fan 7, a dehumidifying rotor 5, and a heat exchanger 3.

As shown in FIG. 2, the exhaust conditions are 27
C., absolute humidity 11.2 g / kg-DA (DA indicates dry air; the same applies hereinafter), this room air is vaporized by the humidifier 2 and its temperature is lowered by its latent heat. It becomes a point b of ° C and absolute humidity of 13.8 g / kg-DA. Next, it enters the heat exchanger 3, cools the supply air, and heats the exhaust gas to 45 ° C. at point c, and further to 55 ° C. at point d by the regeneration heater 4 using waste heat of 60 ° C. or higher. (During this time, the absolute humidity is the same as 13.8 g / kg-DA). Next, the dehumidifying rotor 5 is regenerated, and the moisture of the dehumidifying rotor 5 is evaporated, whereby 46 ° C. and an absolute humidity of 2
The exhaust gas is discharged by the exhaust fan 6 at a point e of 2.7 g / kg-DA.

On the other hand, assuming that the condition of the outside air is 33 ° C. and the absolute humidity is 18.7 g / kg-DA, the supply air is sent to the dehumidification rotor 5 by the supply air fan 7 at this point and dehumidified there. However, the temperature is raised by the heat of adsorption to 60 ° C and the absolute humidity reaches 9.8g / kg-DA point g, and the heat exchanger 3 exchanges heat with the exhaust gas at 25 ° C and the absolute humidity 9.8g / kg-. It is supplied indoors at point h of DA. That is, 27 ° C, 11.2
Air at point a of g / kg-DA at 25 ° C., 9.8 g / kg
The air is cooled by replacing the air at the point h of -DA. Further, the heat exchanger 3 is operated at a temperature difference of 24 ° C. between the exhaust gas at the point b of 21 ° C. and the supply air at the point g of the 45 ° C., the former temperature is 45 ° C. and the latter temperature is 25 ° C.

As shown in FIG. 3, the dehumidifying rotor 5 has a cylindrical shape and is divided into two semicircular sections, and the inside thereof is filled with an adsorbent such as silica gel or activated carbon. One of them is placed on the exhaust passage 11 side and the other is placed on the air supply passage 12 side, and switching is performed by slowly rotating the dehumidifying rotor 5.

The heat exchanger 3 has a similar structure, but is different in that it is filled inside, and is a heat storage material such as a synthetic resin or a metal plate. If this heat storage material rises in temperature by the supply of air, it slowly rotates together with the dehumidifying rotor and returns to its original temperature by exhaust.

As the humidifier 2, a humidifier that sprays water on exhaust gas is generally used. The heater 4 heats the exhaust gas with hot water of 60 ° C. or higher.

Since the difference between the temperature of the supply air and the room temperature is as small as 4 ° C. in the cooling by the open type adsorption type air conditioner, the cooling capacity due to only this is small, so it is used as an independent air conditioner except in the middle period. Has not been done. On the other hand, in the cooling by a commonly used cooling machine, as shown in FIG. 4, a part of the air in the air-conditioned space 13 is circulated and the circulated air is cooled by the cooling machine 14. It's expensive, but if you cool the room for a long time in a closed room, the air in the room gets dirty. Therefore, a part of the air is exhausted by the ventilation device 15,
Exchanges with fresh outside air.

Ventilation device 15 for air-conditioned space 13
The open adsorption type air conditioner is incorporated in the air conditioner to reduce the load on the air conditioner 14. The load of the air conditioner 14 that can be reduced depends on the conditions of the space 13 in which air conditioning is performed,
It is about 20-40%.

In the intermediate period, a low level of hot water can be used in the recycle mode, and the load on the air conditioner can be reduced accordingly.

Since heating in winter can be sufficiently performed with hot water having a low level of energy at about 60 ° C., the effect of using the open adsorption type air conditioner 1 is small. In addition, for heating, the open-type adsorption air conditioner for cooling described above and the air supply / exhaust passage must be reversed, so that complicated switching means must be provided in the air supply / exhaust passage, or It is necessary to provide two separate air conditioners for cooling and heating. However, since the heat of the exhaust gas can be effectively used, the CO of the open type adsorption air conditioner 1
Since P (ratio of heat obtained to heat added by the heater) is high and is about 2, the overall COP is about 1.1 to 1.2, and hot water is at a high level such as electricity or city gas It is effective when obtained from energy.

Example 1 In the configuration of cooling and heating using co-generation, as shown in FIG.
As shown in the flow chart of Fig. 2, the gas turbine, gas engine, fuel cell, etc. 21 generate electric power, while the waste heat generates steam and hot water, which are used to operate the absorption refrigerator 22 and the heat exchanger 23. However, the cold water for cooling is obtained from the former, and the hot water for heating and the hot water are obtained from the latter. Furthermore, by operating the open-type adsorption air conditioner 1 using the residual heat as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5, waste heat can be used to a low level and efficient cooling and heating can be performed.

Example 2 In a factory, a low level of thermal energy of about 60 ° C. is often surplus. By using the open-type adsorption type air conditioner 1 for a part of the cooling of such a factory, the load of the cooling machine operating by a high level of energy is 60 to 60%.
It can be 80%. Also in this case, an open adsorption air conditioner is generally not used for heating.

Example 3 A solar heat collector uses solar heat to raise the temperature of a heat medium and utilize the heat. Since water is generally used as the heat medium, hot water does not reach 100 ° C. or higher unless a special high-pressure collector is used. Also, the amount of solar heat collected is related to the season and the area of the collector. In the summer, the amount of solar radiation is large and a considerable amount of hot water can be obtained even with a small heat collecting area, but in the winter, the amount of solar radiation is small and the amount of hot water obtained with a considerable heat collecting area is small. On the contrary, hot water demand is high in winter and low in summer. In addition, more heating area is required for heating with solar heat. As an example, if the area of the heat collector required for hot water supply in summer is 1, the heat collection area required for hot water supply in the middle period is 3 to 4, and the heat collection area required for hot water supply in winter is 10 to 15, Furthermore, the heat collection area considering heating is 20-
30. In order to increase the heat collecting area, the equipment cost increases, and therefore, in general, there are many equipments having a certain heat collecting area with some room for hot water supply in the summer.

When such equipment is provided, the heat collected in the summer is wastefully used to evaporate water. In particular, the amount of solar radiation during the daytime from 12:00 to 16:00 during summer is large, and the heat during this time is wasted. On the other hand, the time zone when there is a great demand for hot water supply is after 18:00 when bathing. Further, during the time period when the cooling demand is high, the temperature is high and the amount of solar radiation is high from 13:00 to 16:00. Therefore, if excess hot water is used for the open type adsorption air conditioner during this time period, the cooling load can be reduced. In this case, in addition to reducing the cooling load as a whole, it helps to reduce the peak load of the cooling load, and improves the capacity of the cooling machine by 20-4.
Can be as small as 0%.

Since hot water for heating is obtained from city gas or electricity, which is a high level of energy, there is an advantage in using the open adsorption air conditioner for heating.

Embodiment 4 FIG. 6 is a flow chart of cooling / heating hot water supply using an absorption type cold / hot water generator, and a cold / hot water simultaneous supply type absorption air conditioner 31 to which hot water supply equipment is added. The cold / hot water simultaneous supply type absorption air conditioner 31 is operated by city gas or the like, and the cold / hot water for cooling / heating is reciprocated between the air conditioner 31 and the indoor equipment 32 such as a fan coil unit by a pipe 34.
The space 13 to be air-conditioned is cooled and heated by blowing cool air or warm air from the indoor equipment 32. Hot water for hot water supply is sent to a bath 33 or the like by a hot water supply pipe 35. A pipe 36 branches from the hot water supply pipe 35 to the open type adsorption type air conditioner 1, and the branch type pipe 36 operates the open type adsorption type air conditioner 1 to ventilate the room. Make-up water is supplied to the return pipe of the branch pipe 36.

During the cooling period, cold and hot water is supplied simultaneously, and part of the heat input when cold water is generated is used for hot water generation, so efficiency is higher than when a separate hot water supply facility is provided. However, there is a gap between the time zone where the cooling load is high (13:00 to 16:00) and the time zone where the hot water supply demand is high (18:00 to 22:00).

If the open type adsorption type air conditioner 1 is operated by using the generated hot water for hot water supply during the time when the cooling load is heavy, the cooling load is reduced and at the same time the cooling water for cooling is generated. Part of the heat can be used to supply hot water for efficient operation. In this case, it helps to reduce the cooling load and reduce the peak.

Even during heating, when the demand for hot water supply is low, the heating load can be reduced by operating the open adsorption air conditioner 1 with hot water for hot water supply.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, by operating the open-type adsorption air conditioner with hot water of about 60 ° C., which is low-level heat energy that can be obtained relatively easily,
It is possible to reduce the load of a compression type or absorption type air conditioner that can be operated only at a high level of energy. In addition, when the cooling load during the interim period is small, 60
Hot water of about ℃ can be used, and the load on the air conditioner that uses a high level of energy can be reduced accordingly. Efficient heating can be achieved because the heat possessed by the exhaust gas can be used effectively during heating.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an open-type adsorption type air conditioner 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between temperature and humidity of each part of exhaust and supply air during cooling of the open-type adsorption air conditioner 1.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a dehumidifying rotor 5 used in the open-type adsorption air conditioner 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a space 13 for air conditioning, an air conditioner 14, and a ventilation device 1.
6 is a flowchart showing the relationship with the No.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart when the open-type adsorption air conditioner 1 of the present invention is incorporated in cogeneration.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart when the open-type adsorption air conditioner 1 of the present invention is incorporated in the absorption-type cold / hot water generator 31 with a water heater.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of conventional cogeneration without incorporating an open adsorption air conditioner.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Open type absorption air conditioner 3 Heat exchanger 4 Heater 5 Dehumidification rotor

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An opening comprising a housing divided into two parts, a dehumidifying rotor having an adsorbent for performing adsorption and desorption alternately, a heater for heating the adsorbent when desorbing the adsorbent, and a heat exchanger. An adsorption type air conditioner of the open type, characterized in that hot water of 60 ° C. or higher is used as a heat source for heating the heating device.