KR100231976B1 - A trash burner - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is to preheat the air to be sucked industrial waste or thus toxic gas and household humidity. After distilling liquid waste, etc., it is allowed to burn and high temperature gas generated from waste and fuel. The combustion heat relates to a combustion apparatus and method equipped with a waste dry distillation incineration system that enables the heat of combustion to heat the heat recovery device and maximize energy efficiency with pollution free combustion.

Conventionally, in order to burn gas at a high temperature, it is necessary to have secondary and tertiary combustion and dust collection equipments to enable pollution-free combustion, and in the case of wetness, a separate drying device can be used to increase the combustion efficiency. Only large incineration plants are possible because they cannot generate high heat and burn gases.

The hot gas burned in the combustion chamber is concentrated to the head side by the induction plate for pollution-free treatment of waste of the present invention and efficient heat recovery. By inducing and contacting the coil located upwards with the secondary combustion of unburned gas, it collects ash and suspended particles generated during waste combustion, collecting dust and gas from the dust collection chamber, and the residual ash of lost stone fixed on one side. Are collected in a reprocessing board and disposed of in a recollection bin. In addition, the waste input passage and the discharge port allow waste to be introduced into the combustion chamber, and in the heat recovery of the completely burned gas, a large number of unevenness is formed in the heat chamber by using a hot gas rising property to form a heat recovery part. Located at the bottom of the heat chamber to exhaust the heat exchanged gas is configured to increase the heat exchange efficiency.

As described above, the present invention is a combustion apparatus and method equipped with a dry distillation incineration system, which has a relatively simple structure, and has an energy-saving and transportation cost reduction due to the effective recovery of heat generated during pollution-free sanitation and treatment of various wastes generated around the life. Has the same various effects.

Description

Combustor equipped with dry distillation incineration system

The present invention provides a combustion apparatus equipped with a waste distillation incineration system that can be installed on a medium or small scale to obtain energy by dry-burning wet and toxic gases and odorous materials, and to minimize pollution sources of exhaust gas. I will.

More specifically, by preheating the aspirated air, incineration of industrial wastes is carried out, and the toxic gases and / or the wet and liquid wastes generated in the home are carbonized and then burned, and the gases generated from wastes and fuels are burned to a high temperature. The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus equipped with a waste distillation incineration system that uses combustion heat to heat a boiler and minimizes pollution caused by gas and maximizes energy efficiency.

At present, the pollution problem is very serious in relation to waste, and there are significant problems in waste disposal. However, there are no cool methods and measures for recycling, but separate collection methods such as recycling, landfill, and incineration are being implemented.

Here, in the method of recycling or landfilling, incineration, etc., each of the wastes must be collected and transferred to an intermediate storage center or an end-of-end treatment plant, and problems related to waste collection and transportation are raised.

First, the value of the disposal cost for collection and recycling should be evaluated even during recycling. If it should be recycled simply because of the nature protection aspect and landfill shortage, it is preferable to incinerate and collect only the large value of recycling.

Second, in the case of landfill, wet landfill or liquid waste which can be combusted, toxic gas and odor of combustor are emitted, that is, if industrial waste is combustible, it can burn odor and gas without burning to minimize waste. And it is preferable to bury only non-combustible waste (coal ash, cement, sand, gravel, soil, glass, etc.), such a treatment method can reduce the landfill and treatment labor costs, transportation costs.

Third, incineration is expensive, but it is the most hygienic. However, in the present incineration, there are problems such as air pollution, waste collection and transportation costs by large-scale incineration.

Therefore, it is most preferable that no waste is generated, and if it is generated, it is desirable to minimize the amount generated or to be disposed of at the closest place. It is more desirable to treat the waste as soon as it is generated on a unit basis.

However, the lack of an incineration system that can be used to burn in small and medium size is a problem of current waste disposal. This is because, in the conventional waste incineration treatment, it is possible to have pollution-free combustion only by equipping secondary, tertiary combustion, and dust collection facilities in order to burn gas at a high temperature, and in case of wetness, it is necessary to have a separate drying device to increase combustion efficiency. Only large-scale incineration plants are possible because they cannot burn gases by generating high heat at a small scale.

That is, in the case of Korea Patent Publication No. 80-450 waste incineration system, if a very complex system is required along with the waste drying process for incineration of dry matter, the waste incineration apparatus of Utility Model Publication No. 89-5303 is also required. It is equipped with a car, a tertiary combustion device, and a dust collector, and its "Road of the patent publication No. 89-1628 and the method of combusting waste in the incinerator" are all systems for maximizing dry distillation and incineration efficiency. It cannot be applied on a small scale as a structure, which is inevitably large in size because it requires generation of high temperature required for gas combustion.

In the above method and apparatus, a drying device, a regenerator, a gas cleaner, a settler, etc. are required along with a process of completely burning or taking a long time to burn, or separating and crushing before burning in parts. Even if it is high, a proper combustion time is required to burn.

Control of combustion time and temperature is necessary to approach complete combustion, but when the waste contains toxic gas, wet and liquid waste, there is a relatively high risk of exhausting harmful gases.

The conditions necessary for the complete combustion of the various wastes should be provided, and a uniform oxygen supply should be provided while maintaining the high temperature in the furnace.

In order to be close to complete combustion, each of them must provide complete combustion conditions with precise control, but without being subject to these limitations, the apparatus and method according to the present invention, as the preheating of the suction air and the preheating of the fuel supply nozzle, are performed. While maintaining this, it is possible to dry the waste input from the outside, and when the gas is exhausted, the gas passes through the gas combustion unit, and the gas is approached to complete combustion, and the dust collection of the scattered ashes can be made on its own.

The present invention is to dry and dry the waste in the primary, secondary, and tertiary heating of the suction air and to preheat the fuel supply nozzle to maintain the combustion chamber at a high temperature, to facilitate the input of waste in the combustion chamber, and to generate waste during combustion Combustion of harmful gases is carried out in the gas combustion section to enable pollution-free combustion, and heat is generated by the heat generated during combustion, and the bottom structure of the boiler enables dust and ash collection and heat recovery, and reprocessing. It is to provide a combustion apparatus equipped with a dry distillation incineration system for easy waste.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A.

2 (b) is a sectional view taken along the line B-B.

2C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C.

2 (d) is a sectional view taken along the line D-D.

3 is a perspective view showing a portion of the gas combustion section of the present invention.

4 is a perspective view showing a part of the loss stone of the present invention cut.

5 is a schematic view showing the airflow of the present invention.

6 is a schematic view showing the waste input of the present invention.

7 is a schematic view showing the present invention dust collection and re-collection structure.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1 body 2 blowing fan

3: supply pipe 4: primary heating part

5: 2nd heating part 6: 3rd heating part

7: air vent 8: Rothdoll

9: vent 10: protrusion

11: hinge 12: Leviathan

13: supply passage 14: combustion chamber

18: induction plate 19: dust collecting chamber

20: dust collector 21: reprocessing board

22: handle 23: guide

24: Recollections 25: Refractories

26: head 26 ': hot plate body

27: support 28: hole

29 coil 30 water wall

31: heat recovery unit 32: water chamber

34: cover 35: waste input passage

26: waste discharge port 37: exhaust passage

38: exhaust port 39: nozzle

41: igniter 42: fuel supply pipe

43: heat insulating material 44: room temperature sensor

45: water supply pipe 46: drain pipe

47: supply pipe 48: pump

49: valve 50: controller

51: heat chamber 53: recovery pipe

55: heating chamber

Referring to the accompanying drawings, a configuration capable of achieving the object of the present invention as described above is as follows.

The air supplied by the blower fan (2) attached to the end of the air supply pipe (3) is preheated in the primary heating unit (4) of the exhaust passage (37), the secondary heating unit (5) and the tertiary heating unit (6) Air heated to a high temperature at is supplied to the heating chamber 55 through the air inlet 7.

A part of the air heated to a high temperature in the heating chamber 55 again carbonizes the waste M introduced into the combustion chamber 14 through the vent 9 of the rosdol 8, and the remaining heated air is supplied to the air supply passage 13. The fuel supply pipe 42 is preheated, discharged to the place where the nozzle 39 is directed, and heated by oxygen in the air heated to the ignited fuel discharged through the nozzle 39 in a heated state. Under the condition it is burned together with the dry gas of the waste (M).

The high temperature heat combusted in the combustion chamber 14 is led to the head 26 side by the guide plate 18 to heat the head 26 to a high temperature while passing through the hot plate body 26 'where the hole 28 is perforated. , The secondary combustion of the gas distilled from the waste (M) is completely burned by the coil 29 to the third combustion.

The combustion gas heats the water in the water chamber 32 in the heat chamber 51, and the heat recovery portion 31 of the water chamber 32 has a large area on the uneven surface to facilitate heat recovery from the head 26. The water in the water chamber 32 is exchanged with the heat of the discharged gas, and the cooled gas and the ash and dust contained therein are collected in the dust collecting chamber 19 by the water wall 30 and fall into the dust collecting holes 20 installed at each corner. Done.

The space of the heat chamber 51 is sufficiently maintained by using the rising property of the heated gas, but the position of the exhaust port 38 is positioned at the bottom of the water chamber 32 so that the cooled gas is discharged from the exhaust port 38 and the exhaust passage 37. Is discharged to the outside through.

Wherein the waste (M) is opened and put the lid 34 on one side of the upper body, through the input passage 35 and the discharge port 36 do not receive heat directly to the waste (M) in the combustion chamber 14 ( 8) fall on, the plurality of protrusions 10 on the loss stone (8) makes the air flow freely between the waste (M).

The hot air supplied from the air inlet 7 is dried and dried together with the waste M through the air vent 9, and the gas generated during the drying and the dry distillation is first burned in the combustion chamber 14, and the head ( At 26), the third combustion is performed in the secondary combustion coil, and the waste M itself is burned in a state of being ignited by the waste M by the heat in the combustion chamber 14.

Light particles and objects generated during the combustion of waste (M) are scattered to the combustion chamber (14) by the air from the air inlet (7), and combustion occurs in circulation, and the heavy ash after combustion is vented to the vent (9) ) Is dropped into the heating chamber 55 and collected in the reprocessing plate 21.

The ash remaining on the lost stone 8 is operated when the lever 12 is driven around the hinge 11 of the lost stone 8, and the lost stone 8 is positioned vertically, and the ash is disposed on the reprocessing plate 21. Will fall.

When the handle 22 of the reprocessing plate 21 coupled to the guide 23 is pulled, all of the ashes on the dust collecting port 20 and the reprocessing plate 21 are collected in the recollection box 24, and the reprocessing plate 21 is provided. After recombining the guide 23 to remove the ash of the re-collection (24).

In the present invention, the basic preconditions for burning and using oil or gas as usual, that is, having a burner and a combustion chamber boiler, etc., may have control devices attached thereto, and have no direct medium of water, but direct hot air. Can be used as a heating

In the system for heating with heat generated by burning oil or gas, the combustion chamber 14 is made of refractory 25 to withstand high heat, the outside is insulated with insulation 43, and the oil or gas tank is generally installed outside. The indoor temperature is controlled by controlling the circulation pump 48 by the controller 50 by the indoor temperature sensor 44, and when the atomized fuel is discharged to the nozzle 39 by the operation of the burner, the igniter 41 is discharged. Ignition, heat from the combustion chamber 14 conducts heat to the water in the water chamber 32 and is discharged to the outside through the exhaust port 38.

Since the water in the water chamber 32 controls and operates the pump 48 by the controller 50, the water is supplied through the supply pipe 47 at the time of heat dissipation (not shown), and the heat dissipated water is pumped through the plurality of recovery pipes 53. The water supply pipe 45 is replenished by controlling the valve 49 when the replenishment water is circulated to the 48 and the hot water is used, and the water in the water chamber 32 is drained through the drain pipe 46 by the filling or the pressure. do.

In general, the fuel supply control is easy according to the state of the temperature, but in the present invention, since the incineration of the waste is performed, it is not easy to control the fuel supply according to the state of the temperature, so it is also preferable to install a separate heat storage chamber (not shown). Do.

The blower fan 2 is essential in the present invention, but it is not important whether or not the fan is attached to the exhaust passage 37 and the sudden passage 13, and thus description thereof is omitted.

However, the present invention focuses on the combustion of the waste (M) and the gas generated by the waste to be close to the pollution-free combustion, and to increase the efficiency of heat recovery emitted during combustion.

In the heating system of the intake air, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the portion to which the blowing fan 2 of the air supply pipe 3 is attached is formed in a trumpet shape so as to smoothly blow air and the air supply pipe 3. Silver is resistant to high temperatures, heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant metals, such as molybdenum or chromium steel, preferably used, and are located in the exhaust passage 37 where the exhaust gas having some heat is discharged. It is possible, however, to recover some of the slight arrangements, proportionately to the distance of the primary heating section 4 and the air flow rate, and to effect a long distance of the primary heating section 4.

At this time, the air in the pre-heated air supply pipe (3) is located in the upper portion of the heat chamber 51, the position of the secondary heating unit 5 is moved to a relatively long space while passing the upper portion of the head 26 in the center considerably It has a high temperature (about 80C'-100C ') and passes through the tertiary heating part 6 in the combustion chamber 14, and the high temperature (about 600C'- sprayed from the high-temperature combustion chamber 14 and the nozzle 39). 1000C ') heats the air supply pipe 3 so that the air has a heat of about 150C'-300C', and the horizontally directed air inlet (7) prevents ash from being generated during combustion of the waste (M). Is supplied to the heating chamber (5).

Some of the high temperature air supplied to the heating chamber 55 is supported by the support jaw 40 formed in the refractory 25 and forms a shaft in the front two-thirds of the loss stone 8, but the lever 12 is provided on one side of the shaft. The other side of the shaft is a refractory 25 and the hinge 11 is coupled to the rosdol (8) is a vent (9) formed of a plurality of equal intervals and the vent 10 of the rosdol (8) consisting integrally of the projection (10) 9) is supplied to the combustion chamber (14).

At this time, even if the waste (M) supplied in the combustion chamber 14 is a liquid state, or a state containing a large number of water or a waste of a large amount of toxic gas generated in the vent 9 and the projection 10 of the Rossdol (8) As a result, the high temperature air flow discharged from the air inlet 7 is smoothly dried in a short time, and the moisture generated during drying activates the combustion without disturbing the combustion.

That is, the moisture is activated and combusted by the high temperature combustion heat heated while the water vaporizes in the combustion chamber 14 which is burned at a high temperature.

After evaporation of water, dry water is produced. The dry water is continuously carbonized by the high temperature air supplied from the air inlet 7, and the gas generated during dry water is supplied from the nozzle 39 and burned. The primary combustion of the combustion chamber 14, which is maintained at about 600 C'-1000 C ', is achieved by the flame of gas or oil fuel of (14), so that gas (usually odorous gases and substances are pyrolytic deodorized at 550 C'-730 C'). Are all burned.

The air is again discharged through the vent 9 of the rosdol 8 in the air heated to a high temperature in the heating chamber 55, and the remaining air is supplied through the wide open air supply 13 'formed in the refractory 25. The hot air is discharged to the narrowed outlet 13 ′ which is supplied to the passage 13 and directed to the combustion chamber 14 at the tip of the nozzle 39 while heating the nozzle 39 located in the air supply passage 13. Since oxygen is supplied at the time of combustion of the fuel discharged to (39), combustion is carried out under conditions suitable for combustion such as preheating of the high temperature combustion chamber 14, which is heated to a high temperature, so that combustion of a complete state is reached.

Waste (M) on the Rossdol (8) is not flamed directly if dry water is not evaporated in the state of evaporation of moisture at high temperature, and it is not easily ignited and burned before being carbonized on the surface of the waste (M). Since it is not easily blown into the waste (M) in a dry, dry and carbonized state), it is unlikely that harmful gases are emitted to the atmosphere without pyrolysis due to its own structure.

That is, the heat generated by drying, dry distillation, carbonization, and combustion in the waste M on the losdol 8 and the heat generated by injection combustion of the fuel in the nozzle 39 are first burned in the combustion chamber 14, and then all the heat is generated as gas. Is moved to evacuate due to the pressure of the air supplied to the head 26 side by the guide plate supported on the refractory 25 so as not to be exposed to the outside and the property to rise upward when having a high temperature.

The guide plate 18 is kept conical so as to have an inclined surface at an appropriate angle of 15'-70 'in order to guide all the heat generated in the combustion chamber 14 to the head 26 side so that the head 26 is placed on top of it. The guide plate 18, the head 26, the heat plate 26 'and the coil 29 are installed, and it is preferable to use heat-resistant metal and heat-resistant ceramic (except the coil 29), and the head 26 and The coil 29 also preferably induces the action of the catalyst from platinum-based or chromium and nickel-based metals to heat-resistant metals to remove unburned carbon monoxide and other harmful gases for the possibility of combustion.

As shown in FIG. 3, the head 26 includes a pipe-shaped hot plate body 26 'having a plurality of holes 28 supported by the support 27 at equal intervals so that the upper portion of the guide plate 18 is supported. In the combustion chamber 14, hot, hot gases pass through the hot plate body 26 'of the head 26, which is heated to a high temperature state by the concentrated heat, where each is distinguished by a hot plate body 26'. The gas is then moved to the coil 29 located above the head 26 to promote the mutual flow between the plurality of perforated holes 27 to increase the combustion efficiency.

If unburned gas remains in the gas passing through the hot plate body 26 'of the head 26, the coil 29 is heated to a high temperature state by the heat discharged upwardly so that the gas contacts the coil 29 and finally burns. It is discharged through a confirmation procedure, wherein the coil 29 is preferably supported and fixed to the hot plate body 26 'of the head 26 and the material is more preferably a heat-resistant material such as nichrome wire having a catalytic function.

While the gas collected by the guide plate 18 in the combustion chamber 14 passes rapidly through the narrow space of the head 26, the gas that has passed through the combustion of the waste M, such as ash and particulate dust, suddenly passes. The hot gas, which is completely burned through the dust chamber 19 and the dust collecting port 20 by heavy spaces and ashes by the space of the heat chamber 51 widened, has an air supply pipe located directly above the head 26 and the coil 29 ( 3) directly heating and again the hot gas is collected above the heat recovery portion 31 of the heat chamber 51 according to the action of the heat rise, and the heat exchange is performed through the water in the water chamber 32 and the water wall 30.

As shown in FIG. 7, the heat recovery unit 31 forms an unevenness to increase heat efficiency, thereby widening the water wall 30 in contact with the hot gas, thereby facilitating heat exchange. As it is cooled, the gas that is continuously supplied while being changed to a low temperature gas is cooled by water and is pushed down by the gas which is continuously supplied while being changed to a low temperature gas, and gradually descends to the bottom of the heat chamber 51 through the water wall 30. M) The exhaust port 38 formed at the lower end of the heat chamber 51 to be collected on the reprocessing plate 21 through the dust collecting port 20 by falling into the dust collecting chamber 19 together with ash and particulate dust generated during combustion. Is discharged to the exhaust passage (37).

When the ash is processed, the ash on the rosdol 8 is coupled to the shaft 11 at a front end that is 2/3 while one side of the rosdol 8 is supported by the supporting jaw 40, and thus the lever 12 fixed to one side thereof. Presses downward), the portion supported on the support jaw 40 of the rosdol 8 is lifted up, and the rosdol 8 is inverted, and the ash on the rosdol 8 falls on the reprocessing plate 21, and then again. Pressing the lever 12 in the opposite direction causes the loss stone 8 to return to its normal position.

Therefore, all the ash is collected on the reprocessing plate 21 and pulls the handle 22 integrated with the reprocessing plate 21 so that the ash is caught in the jaw of the body 1 while being supported by the guide 23. The ash on the dust collector 20 and the reprocessing plate 21 are not dropped out and fall to the recollection box 24 again, and the reprocessing plate 21 is separated from the body 1 by the guide 23 to remove the ash and then again. Combine it.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the waste M is introduced, the waste M is introduced into the combustion chamber 14 to form a waste input passage 35 and a waste discharge port 36 on one side of the body 1. 35 should not directly reach the heat of the combustion chamber 14, it is preferable that the waste discharge port 36 is installed so as not to directly affect the portion to be burned by injecting fuel from the nozzle (39).

Opening the cover 34 installed on the upper body (1) opens the waste input passage (35), and if the waste (M) is injected into the waste outlet (36) as the waste (M) is discharged to the loss stone (8) Falling in, the waste M is introduced into the combustion chamber 51 by covering and covering the lid 34 again.

The present invention as described above has a variety of effects, such as energy saving and transportation cost reduction by the effective recovery of heat generated during the pollution-free sanitary treatment and treatment of various wastes generated around the life in a relatively simple structure.

Claims (2)

A combustion chamber having the inside of the body which is insulated from the outside by a heat insulating material; A loss stone provided at the lower portion of the combustion chamber and storing waste; A controller and a nozzle for igniting waste in the combustion chamber; A waste combustion apparatus having a recollection bin for collecting reconstituted components of the combustion chamber; A heating chamber under the loss stone for drying waste of the combustion chamber; A primary, secondary, and tertiary heating unit having a blow fan for forcibly supplying external air to the heating chamber at an inlet, for preheating the blown external air around the combustion chamber, and for supplying it to the heating chamber; An induction plate for intensively inducing the combustion gas of the combustion chamber into one place; A head for secondary combustion of the combustion gas induced in the induction plate and a coil installed on the head to allow complete combustion; A heat chamber temporarily stored before being exhausted through the coil and the combustion gas passing through the coil; And a water chamber having a concave-convex water wall for recovering the heat of the combustion gas of the heat chamber, wherein the water chamber obtains hot water by the recovery heat absorbed by the water wall. The method according to claim 1, wherein one side of the combustion chamber has a supply passage communicating with the heating chamber, the fuel supply pipe is preheated by the preheating air supplied through the supply passage characterized in that the combustion incineration system with waste Device.