KR100201489B1 - Method for constructing tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention does not need to perform the opening method, so it is secured without disturbing train operation or road traffic, and does not require large devices and facilities like the shield method, and does not require extra excavation even for a tunnel of a rectangular cross section. The present invention relates to a tunnel construction method that can make a significant contribution to the reduction of air and construction costs that do not need to be provided. The first oscillation unit 2 and the second oscillation unit 3 are provided on both sides of a planned construction site, The traction member 5 by steel wire or steel rod is inserted in advance, and the first concrete body 6 and the second concrete body 7, which are tunnel constituting members, are excavated at the tip of the first oscillation part 2 and the second oscillation part. The frame 13 is attached and installed, and the first oscillation part 2 penetrates the towing member 5 from the front surface of the first concrete enclosure 6 toward the rear surface, and hollow towing the towing member 5 from the rear surface. Settlement of the jack (9) and tow jack (9) freely Attaches the second fixing hole 14 and excavates the earth and sand from the excavation frame 13 part of the first concrete enclosure 6 to use the towing member 5 using the towing jack 9 on the second oscillation part 3 side. Towing and advancing the first concrete enclosure 6 to the underground dotting position using the second concrete enclosure 7 of the second oscillation section 3 as a reaction force, followed by the second concrete enclosure ( 7) The second concrete enclosure 7 is advanced to the position of the first concrete enclosure 6 with the traction jack 9 while excavating the soil from the excavation frame 13 of the excavation frame 13 to support these concrete enclosures 6 and 7. The tunnels are constructed by joining them.

Description

How to build a tunnel

1 to 3 are side views of each process showing the first embodiment of the tunnel construction method of the present invention.

4 to 6 are side views showing the second embodiment.

7 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: railroad line 2: first oscillation unit

3: second oscillation unit 4: soil blocking

5: towing member 6: first concrete enclosure

6a ~ 6d: unit enclosure 7: second concrete enclosure

7a ~ 7b: 2nd unit enclosure 9: tow jack

10: first stop 11: oscillation table

13: excavation frame 14: the second anchor

15: small hole horizontally 16: hood

17a, 17b: 3rd stop

The present invention relates to a construction method in the case of constructing a tunnel which is an underground structure such as an underpass, an overpass, a waterway, a joint pit in a ground below a railway line or a road surface.

In order to install underground structures crossing the basement of the existing underground tracks or the road surface, the opening method such as digging and laying the formwork for installing concrete structures in the ground and installing concrete structures therein is mainly used. Is done.

Under this open construction method, train operation or road traffic must be blocked in order to dig from the ground, and when the train operation or road traffic is prioritized to a station, a lot of time is regulated.

In addition, the opening method requires work such as earthquake construction by H file or sheet pile, and also needs to cover the upper part after constructing underground structure.

Therefore, many of the above points are considered in the construction of underground structures by tunnel construction, but the typical construction of tunnel construction is the shield construction method using a shield propeller having a cutter blade at the tip of the underground.

As is well known in the shielding technique, the shield propeller advances the continuum of the segment ring that is already installed with the propulsion mechanism therein, and uses the segment selector in the shield propeller to advance the new segment ring into the continuum. Assemble to connect to front end of.

In this way, the tunnel is constructed by alternately moving forward the shield propeller and assembling the segment ring.

The shield method is effective when constructing a tunnel relatively shallow in the ground, but when constructing a shallow surface near the ground, when the shield propeller moves forward, the layer collapses the soil in the shallow part and sinks in the ground part. There is a risk of adverse effects on the ground structure.

In addition, since the shield propeller itself is a cylindrical excavator, and the segment is assembled on the ring to construct a cylindrical tunnel as described above, when the inside of the tunnel is used as a rectangular cross section such as an underpass, it is not used inside the tunnel by a circular and rectangular car. There is a waste of parts, and the cost of construction is higher because of the need for extra excavation or the use of extra concrete.

The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, so that it is not necessary to fix them, so that their safety can be secured without disturbing train operation or road traffic, and a large-scale device or facility such as a shielding method is required. It is possible to work with extremely small facilities, and it does not need space for caving team construction or top finishing of structures, and it is not necessary to provide reaction wall, so it can rationally advance concrete enclosure. Also, because there is no fear of collapsing the topsoil, the strata can be made to the minimum thickness and can be constructed without extra excavation even in the rectangular tunnel, which can greatly contribute to shortening the construction period and reducing the construction cost. Is to provide a way to build.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a first oscillation unit and a second oscillation unit on both sides of the projected position, and inserts a traction member by a steel wire or a steel rod in advance between the first oscillation unit and the second oscillation unit, and also provides a first oscillation unit. The excavation frame is installed at the front end of the first concrete enclosure and the second concrete enclosure, which are the constituent members of the tunnel, to the oscillation section and the second oscillation section, and the first oscillation section penetrates the traction member from the front of the first concrete enclosure toward the rear part. The first towing unit is freely attached to the first concrete housing and the fixing unit, and the second oscillation unit penetrates the towing member from the front of the second concrete enclosure to the rear of the towing member. Attach the hollow towing jack to the member and a second fixing hole for fixing the tow jack freely, and excavate the soil from the first oscillation part to the excavation frame of the first concrete enclosure. While pulling the traction member with the towing jack on the second oscillation part side, the first concrete enclosure is advanced to the underground docking position with the second concrete enclosure of the second oscillation section as the reaction force, and then the excavation of the second concrete enclosure is performed on the second oscillation section. Excavate the soil from the frame and advance the second concrete enclosure to the first concrete enclosure with the towing jacks, and the first concrete enclosure and the second concrete enclosure are joined together in the ground, or the concrete enclosure consists of several unit enclosures, The excavation frame is attached to the front of the leading unit enclosure, and the hood is provided between the unit enclosures. Towing forward of the concrete enclosure, each anchor is installed with a towing member at the rear end of the concrete enclosure. By advancing or advancing one after another the first unit enclosure by slowing or fixing The point is to.

According to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, the concrete enclosure is precast concrete and has a high level of safety because it has a predetermined strength. Since the tunnel is constructed in the ground by repeating the towing forward, it does not require a large-scale facility such as the shielding method, and it can be constructed without sustaining the unstable state for a long time such as the open-casting method or the site-pouring concrete method by the supporting wood work. It does not interfere with ground transportation.

In addition, it is possible to rationally advance the concrete enclosure without providing a reaction wall, and since the concrete enclosure becomes a structure of the tunnel as it is, since there is a rectangular cross section with minimal excavation, there is no unnecessary construction.

According to the present invention as set forth in claim 2, in addition to the above-mentioned action, since the concrete enclosure is pulled apart, it can be reasonably pulled forward with a small reaction force.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following drawings.

1 to 3 are side views of each process showing the first embodiment of the construction method of the present invention, wherein reference numeral 1 denotes a railway line.

The first oscillation unit 2 and the second oscillation unit 3 are formed on both sides of the railway line 1.

In the figure, reference numeral 4 denotes a porcelain hole for forming the oscillation part 2, 3, and a hole is drilled in the porcelain gasket 4, and a small hole is formed laterally by the excavation of the bowling hole or the insertion of a pipe. ) Is formed between the first oscillation portion 2 and the second oscillation portion 3, and the towing member 5 is inserted into the transverse small hole 15 by inserting the traction member 5 by steel wire or steel rod. Is inserted between the first oscillation section 2 and the second oscillation section 3 in advance.

On the other hand, in the first oscillation part 2 and the second oscillation part 3, concrete is placed on the floor to form a bottom plate-shaped oscillation stand 11, and the first concrete enclosure 6 and the second concrete element as a constituent member of the tunnel thereon. The concrete enclosure 7 is attached to the excavation frame 13 at the front end thereof.

These concrete enclosures 6 and 7 have a hollow cross section and are opened in the front-rear direction as a rectangular enclosure.

In addition, the excavation frame 13 is a hood-shaped steel member that surrounds the front end of the concrete enclosure, and the compartment is properly reinforced vertically and horizontally, and the length to the front end face is gradually stepped up and down. It is shortened so that the deflection of the tip end meets the angle of repose, the excavated face of the soil.

In the first oscillation unit 2, the towing member 5 penetrates from the front part of the first concrete enclosure 6 toward the rear part, and the first concrete enclosure 6 and the fixing body are freely fixed to the towing member 5 protruding from the rear end thereof. Attach the first fixing hole 10 to the.

In addition, the second oscillation unit 3 penetrates the towing member 5 from the front of the second concrete housing 7 toward the rear portion, and penetrates the hollow towing jack 9 through the towing member 5 protruding from the rear end thereof. In addition, the towing jack 9 and the second fixing hole 14 for fixing the towing jack 9 freely are attached to the protruding end of the towing member 5 that emerges from the towing jack 9.

The first fastener 10 or the second fastener 14 is a cone type, which slows down or tightens and fixes the pull member 5 through the cone type, and the second fastener 14 is fixed. In the state to hold the towing member 5 with respect to the towing jack (9).

Further, as described above, the traction member 5 penetrates the first concrete enclosure 6 and the second concrete enclosure 7 in the front-rear direction from the first oscillation section 2 and the second oscillation section 3, The place may be provided with a small through hole in the wall of the enclosure in addition to the internal space of both concrete enclosures 6 and 7, and may be allowed to penetrate through the through hole.

This completes the set work for advancing both concrete enclosures 6 and 7 to the ground.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first oscillation part 2 removes the soil screen 4 so that the advance of the first concrete enclosure 6 is prevented.

And while excavating the earth and sand from the grip frame 13 portion of the first concrete enclosure (6), when the towing jack (9) is extended on the second oscillation part (3) side, the second fixing hole (14) is rearward by this towing jack (9). The tow member 5 is towed through the second fixing opening 14.

Excavation of the soil is excavated by manual or mechanical excavation in the excavation frame (13).

When the towing member 5 is towed, the first concrete enclosure 6 is towed forward the ground by the excavated portion.

The reaction force at the time of the ground pulling of the first concrete enclosure 6 is taken from the second concrete enclosure 7 on the side of the second oscillation unit 3.

The tow jack 9 is extended by one stroke, and then the tow jack 9 is contracted again, and the second fixing hole 14 is delayed to the tip position of the tow jack 9 contracted along the tow member 5. Move and settle back here.

In the same manner, the excavation excavation 13 at the excavation frame 13 of the first concrete enclosure 6 and the ground towing of the first concrete enclosure 6 are repeated to move the first concrete enclosure 6 to the first oscillation unit 2. And advance to the docking position in the middle of the second oscillation section (3).

In addition, when the length of the first concrete enclosure (6) is short, the first concrete enclosure (6) is new to the first oscillator (2) where the first concrete enclosure (6) has entered all the ground from the first oscillator (2) Set and connect to the rear of the front concrete enclosure to gradually lengthen the entire length of the concrete enclosure.

In this case, the first fastener 10 is once detached and detached from the towing member 5 and settled back to the towing member 5 at the rear end of the new concrete enclosure.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3, when the soil screen 4 of the second oscillation part 3 is removed, the tow jack 9 is extended while digging soil in the excavation frame 13 of the second concrete enclosure 7. Towing the concrete enclosure (7) to the ground.

This advancement pushes the second concrete enclosure 7 into the traction jack 9 with the traction member 5 as its axis, and the reaction force can be taken from the first concrete enclosure 6.

Subsequently, the tow jack 9 is contracted, and the second anchoring hole 14 is set aside in front of the tow jack 9 and settled again. Then, the excavation of the earth and sand in the excavation frame 13 of the second concrete enclosure 7 is performed. , The underground concrete of the concrete enclosure is repeated to advance the second concrete enclosure 7 to the position of the first concrete enclosure 6.

In the case of the second concrete enclosure (7), if the length is too short, the new concrete enclosure in the second oscillation unit (3) where the first second concrete enclosure (7) has entered all the ground from the second oscillation unit (3) Set and connect to the back of the front concrete enclosure to increase the total length of the concrete enclosure.

And when the excavation frame 13 of the 1st concrete enclosure 6 and the 2nd concrete enclosure 7 is fuse | bonded, it welds and removes the rib of the excavation frame 13, and uses it as an external formwork, The 2nd concrete is poured and the 1st concrete enclosure 6 and the 2nd concrete enclosure 7 are joined.

4 to 6 show a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the first concrete enclosure comprises a plurality of unit enclosures 6a, 6b,. The excavation frame 13 was attached to the front end of the leading unit enclosure 6a, and the hood 16 was disposed between the unit enclosures.

If the hood 16 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the unit enclosure as an example, the front end of the unit enclosure at the rear thereof is a reduced end and the portion is slidably inserted into the hood 16.

Each unit enclosure 6a, 6b,... 3rd fixing means 17a (17b) which fix with the towing member 5 at the rear end of the vehicle. To prepare.

Only the third fixing opening 17a at the rear end of the first unit enclosure 6a is fixed to the traction member 5, and the other third fixing opening 17b is formed. Is slowed down.

5, the excavation of the earth and sand in the excavation frame 13 of the unit box 6a extends the tow jack 9 in the second oscillation unit 3 to pull the unit box 6a to the ground. .

Extend the tow jack 9 by one stroke, and then contract the tow jack 9 again, slow down the second anchoring port 14 and move it along the tow member 5 to the tip position of the tow jack 9 that has been contracted. And settle again here.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 6, the third fixing unit 17a at the rear end of the advanced unit enclosure 6a is delayed, and the third fixing unit 17b of the next unit enclosure 6b is fixed to the traction member 5 The towing jack 9 is extended and the unit enclosure 6b is towed forward.

In the illustrated example, two unit enclosures 6a and 6b are shown, but this number may be arbitrarily increased. And the third anchoring holes 17a and 17b as described above. By appropriately slowing down or settling down, the unit units following the first unit enclosure are advanced one by one. When the last unit unit is advanced, the unit unit is returned to the advance of the first unit unit and the first unit unit is moved to the second oscillation unit. Advance until you reach (3).

Thus, in the present embodiment, the unit enclosures 6a, 6b,... Since the towing is divided, it can be reasonably towed forward with a small reaction force.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the second concrete enclosure 7 may be divided into second unit enclosures 7a and 7b, and may be divided and torn in the same manner.

As described above, since the tunnel construction method of the present invention does not need to be retrofitted, it does not interfere with train operation or road traffic, thereby ensuring their safety, and requires a large-scale device or facility such as a shield method. You can work with extremely small installations.

In addition, the excavation does not require space for temporary support construction or top finishing of structures, and it does not require reaction walls, and it can carry out concrete enclosures to pull back, and there is no fear of collapse of the upper soil. It can be made thick and can be constructed without unnecessary excavation even in rectangular tunnel, which can greatly contribute to the reduction of construction period and the reduction of construction cost.

Claims (2)

A first oscillation part and a second oscillation part are provided on both sides of a predetermined scheduled position, and a traction member by steel wire or steel rod is inserted in advance between the first oscillation part and the second oscillation part, and the tunnel structure of the first oscillation part and the second oscillation part is constructed. The excavation frame is attached to the front end of the first concrete body and the second concrete body as members, and the first oscillation part penetrates the traction member from the front part of the first concrete body toward the rear part, and (1) Attach the concrete fixing body and the first fixing fixture to fix the body freely, and in the second oscillating part, penetrate the towing member from the front part of the second concrete body to the rear part, and the hollow towing jack and the fixing member A second fixing hole for freely attaching the toner, and the first oscillation part has a tow jack on the second oscillation part side while digging in the excavation frame part of the first concrete enclosure. Towing forward the first concrete enclosure to the underground docking position by using the second concrete enclosure of the second oscillation section as a reaction force, and then, in the second oscillation section, excavating soil from the excavation frame of the second concrete enclosure to the second jack by the towing jack. A method of constructing a tunnel, comprising advancing a concrete enclosure to a first concrete enclosure and joining the first concrete enclosure and the second concrete enclosure in the ground. According to claim 1, the concrete body is composed of a plurality of unit enclosures, the excavation frame is attached to the front of the first unit enclosure, and the hood is provided between the unit enclosures, the towing forward of the concrete housing, respectively, the rear end of the concrete enclosure A method of constructing a tunnel, characterized in that: a traction member and a fixing anchorage are provided in the traction member, and the anchorage is properly slowed down or fixed to advance the unit housing subsequent to the ship's unit lower body one by one.

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