JPWO2020040078A1 - エネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用薄膜形成用組成物、エネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用複合集電体、エネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極、及びエネルギー貯蔵デバイス - Google Patents
エネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用薄膜形成用組成物、エネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用複合集電体、エネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極、及びエネルギー貯蔵デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2020040078A1 JPWO2020040078A1 JP2020538372A JP2020538372A JPWO2020040078A1 JP WO2020040078 A1 JPWO2020040078 A1 JP WO2020040078A1 JP 2020538372 A JP2020538372 A JP 2020538372A JP 2020538372 A JP2020538372 A JP 2020538372A JP WO2020040078 A1 JPWO2020040078 A1 JP WO2020040078A1
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- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WGHUNMFFLAMBJD-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC WGHUNMFFLAMBJD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/665—Composites
- H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/02—Polyamines
- C08G73/0206—Polyalkylene(poly)amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D179/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09D161/00 - C09D177/00
- C09D179/02—Polyamines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/48—Conductive polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/66—Current collectors
- H01G11/68—Current collectors characterised by their material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
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Abstract
Description
1.カチオン性ポリマーを含み、かつ導電性炭素材料を含まない、エネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用薄膜形成用組成物。
2.エネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極の集電体と電極合材層との間に介在する薄膜形成用である1のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用薄膜形成用組成物。
3.前記カチオン性ポリマーが、ジシアンジアミドをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマー、ジエチレントリアミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマー、ジシアンジアミド及びジエチレントリアミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマー、並びにエチレンイミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマーから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む1又は2のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用薄膜形成用組成物。
4.前記カチオン性ポリマーが、エチレンイミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマーを含む1〜3のいずれかのエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用薄膜形成用組成物。
5.更に、架橋剤を含む1〜4のいずれかのエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用薄膜形成用組成物。
6.1〜5のいずれかの薄膜形成用組成物から得られる薄膜を含むアンダーコート層。
7.集電体と、該集電体の少なくとも一方の面に形成された6のアンダーコート層とを備えるエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用複合集電体。
8.集電体の一面あたりのアンダーコート層の目付量が、1,000mg/m2以下である7のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用複合集電体。
9.前記集電体が、銅箔又はアルミニウム箔である7又は8のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用複合集電体。
10.前記集電体が、銅箔である9のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用複合集電体。
11.7〜10のいずれかのエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用複合集電体と、そのアンダーコート層の上に形成された電極合材層とを備えるエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
12.負極である11のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
13.11又は12のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極を備えるエネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
本発明のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用薄膜形成用組成物は、カチオン性ポリマーを含み、かつ導電性炭素材料を含まないものである。なお、導電性炭素材料とは、カーボンブラック、ケッチェンブラック、アセチレンブラック、カーボンウイスカー、カーボンナノチューブ(CNT)、炭素繊維、天然黒鉛、人造黒鉛等のそれ自身が導電性を有する炭素材料である。
前記アンダーコート層は、本発明の組成物から得られる薄膜のみを含むものでもよく、前記薄膜以外の薄膜を含んでもよい。前記薄膜以外の薄膜としては、特許第5773097号公報に記載された導電性結着層等が挙げられる。
集電体の少なくとも一方の面に前記アンダーコート層を形成することで、複合集電体が得られる。
本発明のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極は、前記複合集電体と、そのアンダーコート層上に形成された電極合材層とを備えるものである。
前記電極合材層は、活物質、バインダーポリマー及び必要に応じて溶媒を含む電極スラリーを、アンダーコート層上に塗布し、自然又は加熱乾燥して形成することができる。
本発明のエネルギー貯蔵デバイスは、前述したエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極を備えるものであり、より具体的には、少なくとも一対の正負極と、これら各極間に介在するセパレータと、電解質とを備えて構成され、正負極の少なくとも一方が、前述したエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極から構成される。
・プローブ型超音波照射装置:Hielscher Ultrasonics社製、UIP1000
・ワイヤーバーコーター:(株)エスエムテー製、PM-9050MC
・ロールプレス装置:(有)タクミ技研、SA-602
・充放電測定装置:東洋システム(株)製、TOSCAT-3100
・粘着・皮膜剥離解析装置:協和界面科学(株)製、VERSATILE PEEL ANALYZER VPA-3
・粘度計:東機産業(株)製、TV-22型粘度計 コーンプレートタイプ
[実施例1]
カチオン性ポリマーであるエポミンP-1000(日本触媒(株)製、固形分濃度:29.8質量%、モノマー組成:エチレンイミン)6.71gと、純水33.29gとを混合し、均一な溶液である薄膜形成用組成物Aを調製した。
カチオン性ポリマーであるエポミンP-1000(日本触媒(株)製、固形分濃度:29.8質量%、ポリエチレンイミン)4.19gと、純水44.56gとを混合し、更にそこへ導電性炭素材料であるCNT(戸田工業(株)製、TC-2010)1.25gを混合した。得られた混合物に対して、プローブ型超音波照射装置を用いて、500Wで10分間超音波処理を施し、均一なCNT分散液である薄膜形成用組成物Bを調製した。
国際公開第2014/042080号の合成例2の方法に従って合成した、下記式で表されるPTPA−S0.5gと、アロン10H(東亞合成(株)製、固形分濃度:25.3質量%、ポリアクリル酸)3.95gと、水及びイソプロピルアルコール(IPA)の混合溶媒(水:IPA=1:5.5(質量比))95.10gとを混合し、更にそこへ導電性炭素材料であるCNT(Nanocyl S.A.社製、NC-7000)0.5gを混合した。得られた混合物に対して、プローブ型超音波照射装置を用いて、500Wで10分間超音波処理を施し、均一なCNT分散液である薄膜形成用組成物Cを調製した。
[実施例2]
薄膜形成用組成物Aを、集電体である銅箔(厚さ15μm)にワイヤーバーコーター(OSP-2、ウェット膜厚2μm)で均一に展開後、110℃で20分乾燥して単一膜からなるアンダーコート層を形成し、複合集電体Aを作製した。目付量を測定した結果、108mg/m2であった。
薄膜形成用組成物Aのかわりに薄膜形成用組成物Bを用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で複合集電体Bを作製した。目付量を測定した結果、103mg/m2であった。
薄膜形成用組成物Aのかわりに薄膜形成用組成物Cを用い、ワイヤーバーコーター(OSP-13、ウェット膜厚13μm)を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で、複合集電体Cを作製した。目付量を測定した結果、140mg/m2であった。
[実施例3]
活物質として人造黒鉛(MAG)、バインダーとしてスチレンブタジエンラテックス(SBR)及びカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)、並びに水を混合処理することで、電極スラリー(人造黒鉛:SBR:CMC=97:1.5:1.5(質量比))を作製した。得られた電極スラリーを、複合集電体Aに電極目付量が10mg/cm2になるように展開後、乾燥してアンダーコート層上に活物質層を形成し、更にロールプレス機で0.4kN/cmのプレス圧で圧着することで電極Aを作製した。
複合集電体Aのかわりに複合集電体Bを用いたこと以外は、実施例3と同様の方法で、電極Bを作製した。
複合集電体Aのかわりに複合集電体Cを用いたこと以外は、実施例3と同様の方法で、電極Cを作製した。
複合集電体Aのかわりに無垢の銅箔を用いたこと以外は、実施例3と同様の方法で、電極Dを作製した。
[実施例4、比較例4−1〜4−3]
電極A〜Dから、それぞれ直径10mmの円盤状の電極を4枚打ち抜き、120℃で15時間真空乾燥し、アルゴンで満たされたグローブボックスに移した。2032型のコインセル(宝泉(株)製)のワッシャーとスペーサーが溶接されたフタに、直径14mmに打ち抜いたリチウム箔(本荘ケミカル(株)製、厚さ0.17mm)を6枚重ねたものを設置し、その上に、電解液(キシダ化学(株)製、エチレンカーボネート:ジメチルカーボネート=3:7(体積比)、電解質であるリチウムヘキサフルオロホスフェートを1mol/L、添加剤であるフルオロエチレンカーボネート20体積%含む。)を24時間以上染み込ませた、直径16mmに打ち抜いたセパレータ(セルガード(株)製、セルガード#2400)を1枚重ねた。更に上から、活物質を塗布した面を下にして電極を重ねた。電解液を1滴滴下したのち、ケースとガスケットを載せて、コインセルかしめ機で密封した。その後24時間静置し、試験用の二次電池を4個作製した。
・試験電池数:4個
・温度:室温
[実施例5]
カチオン性ポリマーであるエポミンP-1000(日本触媒(株)製、固形分濃度:29.8質量%、モノマー組成:エチレンイミン)0.57g及び純水2.80gを混合し、更にそこへカルボジライトSV-02(日清紡ケミカル(株)製、固形分濃度:40.0質量%)0.83g及び純水5.81gを混合させた溶液を加え、均一な溶液である薄膜形成用組成物Dを調製した。
[実施例6]
薄膜形成用組成物Aのかわりに薄膜形成用組成物Dを用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で複合集電体Dを作製した。目付量を測定した結果、95mg/m2であった。
[実施例7−1]
活物質として一酸化ケイ素(SiO)と黒鉛、バインダーとしてLiOH水溶液で20%中和したPAA0.8Li0.2、導電助剤としてアセチレンブラック(AB)、並びに水を混合処理することで、電極スラリー(SiO:黒鉛:PAA0.8Li0.2:AB=24.8:57.8:12.5:5(質量比))を作製した。得られた電極スラリーを、複合集電体Aに電極目付量が4mg/cm2になるように展開後、80℃で30分、120℃でさらに30分乾燥して、アンダーコート層上に活物質層を形成し、更にロールプレス機で0.2kN/cmのプレス圧で圧着することで電極Eを作製した。
複合集電体Aのかわりに複合集電体Dを用いたこと以外は、実施例7−1と同様の方法で、電極Fを作製した。
複合集電体Aのかわりに複合集電体Bを用いたこと以外は、実施例7−1と同様の方法で、電極Gを作製した。
複合集電体Aのかわりに複合集電体Cを用いたこと以外は、実施例7−1と同様の方法で、電極Hを作製した。
複合集電体Aのかわりに無垢の銅箔を用いたこと以外は、実施例7−1と同様の方法で、電極Iを作製した。
[実施例8−1〜8−2、比較例6−1〜6−3]
電極E〜Iから、それぞれ直径10mmの円盤状の電極を4枚打ち抜き、120℃で15時間真空乾燥した。2032型のコインセル(宝泉(株)製)のワッシャーとスペーサーが溶接されたフタに、直径14mmに打ち抜いたリチウム箔(本荘ケミカル(株)製、厚さ0.17mm)を1枚設置し、その上に、直径16mmに打ち抜いたガラス繊維濾紙(GEヘルスケア・ジャパン(株)製、GF/F 90 mm)を1枚重ねた。電解液(キシダ化学(株)製、エチレンカーボネート:エチルメチルカーボネート=1:3(体積比)、電解質であるリチウムヘキサフルオロホスフェートを1mol/L、添加剤であるビニレンカーボネートを2体積%含む。)を300μL滴下し、更に上から活物質を塗布した面を下にして電極を重ねた。ワッシャーとスペーサーが溶接されたケースを載せて、コインセルかしめ機で密封した。その後15時間静置し、試験用の二次電池を4個作製した。
・試験電池数:4個
・温度:室温
[実施例9−1〜9−2、比較例7]
調製直後の薄膜形成用組成物A、B及びDを用いて複合集電体をそれぞれ作製した場合、並びに調製後、室温、大気雰囲気下で7日間静置した後の薄膜形成用組成物A、B及びDを用いて複合集電体をそれぞれ作製した場合について、塗工性を目視で評価した。評価は、〇:均一に塗工可、×:一部凝集物が見られるため塗工不可、とした。結果を表7に示す。
また、薄膜形成用組成物A、B及びDの作製直後、並びに室温、大気雰囲気下で7日間静置した後に、粘度計を用いて室温で粘度を測定した。結果を表7に示す。
Claims (13)
- カチオン性ポリマーを含み、かつ導電性炭素材料を含まない、エネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用薄膜形成用組成物。
- エネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極の集電体と電極合材層との間に介在する薄膜形成用である請求項1記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用薄膜形成用組成物。
- 前記カチオン性ポリマーが、ジシアンジアミドをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマー、ジエチレントリアミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマー、ジシアンジアミド及びジエチレントリアミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマー、並びにエチレンイミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマーから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む請求項1又は2記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用薄膜形成用組成物。
- 前記カチオン性ポリマーが、エチレンイミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマーを含む請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用薄膜形成用組成物。
- 更に、架橋剤を含む請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用薄膜形成用組成物。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載の薄膜形成用組成物から得られる薄膜を含むアンダーコート層。
- 集電体と、該集電体の少なくとも一方の面に形成された請求項6記載のアンダーコート層とを備えるエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用複合集電体。
- 集電体の一面あたりのアンダーコート層の目付量が、1,000mg/m2以下である請求項7記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用複合集電体。
- 前記集電体が、銅箔又はアルミニウム箔である請求項7又は8記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用複合集電体。
- 前記集電体が、銅箔である請求項9記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用複合集電体。
- 請求項7〜10のいずれか1項記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス電極用複合集電体と、そのアンダーコート層の上に形成された電極合材層とを備えるエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
- 負極である請求項11記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
- 請求項11又は12記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極を備えるエネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
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WO2012057031A1 (ja) * | 2010-10-27 | 2012-05-03 | 協立化学産業株式会社 | 導電性アンダーコート剤組成物 |
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WO2015115201A1 (ja) * | 2014-01-29 | 2015-08-06 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 電気化学素子用電極及び電気化学素子 |
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