JPWO2020004540A1 - Formwork unit and concrete structure construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are formwork units and construction methods suitable for efficiently forming concrete structures. The formwork unit of the present invention is a formwork unit for placing concrete, and has at least one embedded panel and an end face for contacting the buried panel, and is fixed by being screwed to the buried panel at the end face. It is provided with at least one fixing tool which is a tool and can be connected to a connecting member on the side of the assembly point. Of the surfaces of the buried panel, the surface installed toward the inside of the concrete filling section preferably includes an adhesive improvement surface.

Description

The present invention relates to a formwork unit used when forming a concrete structure by placing concrete, and a concrete structure construction method using the formwork unit.

In the construction process of a concrete structure by placing concrete, a formwork for partitioning the filling range of the concrete raw material is a plurality of panels (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as "removal panels") that are removed from the concrete structure after construction. It is often formed by assembling sheets. Techniques related to such a formwork for placing concrete are described in, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3 below.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-279410 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-183466 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-224990

For example, the concrete structure that is the object of formation has a stepped structure (one upward surface (first upward surface), another upward surface (second upward surface) above the step structure, and the above two upper surfaces. When accompanied by a stepped structure consisting of a side wall surface between the facing surfaces), the removal panel defining the side wall surface of the stepped structure needs to be removed after the concrete structure is constructed, so that the first upward surface is conventionally formed. The removal panel is assembled in such a manner that the lower end of the side wall surface defining removal panel is located higher than the height position to be formed (that is, the height position and side of the first upward surface to be formed). The removal panel is assembled with a predetermined distance from the lower end of the removal panel for wall surface regulation).

However, when concrete is placed with the side wall surface regulation removal panel assembled in this way, partial leakage of pre-hardened concrete from the gap between the first upward surface and the side wall surface regulation removal panel, That is, protrusion occurs. Then, the protruding concrete is hardened to form an extra inclined portion as compared with the intended inside corner shape, and the work of scraping off the excess portion in order to form an appropriate inside corner shape (hanging work). ) Is required. In addition, it may be necessary to repair the scraped portion. The necessity of such work is not preferable because it causes an increase in work, time, and cost required for construction of a concrete structure with a stepped portion.

Further, from the viewpoint of improving the efficiency of the removal work of the removal panel after the construction of the concrete structure, the assembly of the removal panel may be simplified. In that case, the removal panel is likely to be distorted due to the weight and load (for example, impact load) of the concrete raw material that is filled and flows in the section by the formwork. When the assembled detachable panel is distorted, the concrete structure to be formed is also distorted. It is necessary to repair the concrete structure with such distortion, and the need for such repair leads to an increase in the work, time, and cost required for the construction of the concrete structure, which is not preferable.

As described above, in the construction method of the concrete structure using the panel to be removed after the construction, it takes time and effort to attach and remove the removal panel. Further, in order to reuse the removed removable panel, it takes time and effort to clean the removed panel, and a large amount of sewage is generated by the cleaning. Another problem is that the removable panels that cannot be reused even after cleaning are discarded, and a large amount of industrial waste is generated after the construction of the concrete structure.

On the other hand, when forming a concrete structure without using the above-mentioned removal panel, it is common to apply concrete with a trowel or the like. If the place to apply concrete with a trowel etc. is other than the upward surface such as the wall, ceiling, bottom of the beam, etc., if you apply thick concrete at once, it may peel off, so apply it thinly and the concrete will harden. A method of applying to a predetermined thickness is adopted by a method of recoating from the concrete. However, this method is not preferable because it causes an increase in work, time, and cost required for construction of the concrete structure. Further, even after the concrete has hardened, the side wall surface such as a wall and the downward surface such as the ceiling and the bottom surface of the beam are easily peeled off, and there is a problem that the concrete may collapse due to an earthquake or the like.

The present invention has been conceived under such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a formwork unit suitable for efficiently forming a concrete structure, and a construction method.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a formwork unit and a construction method suitable for efficiently and firmly forming a concrete structure.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a repair method for efficiently repairing a concrete structure.

To solve the above problems, the present invention comprises at least one embedded panel and at least one fixture.
The fixture has an end face for contacting the buried panel, is a fixture screwed to the buried panel at the end face, and is a fixture that can be connected to a connecting member on the assembly site side. An installation formwork unit is provided.

The present invention also provides the formwork unit, wherein the embedded panel has through holes for screwing fixtures.

The present invention also provides the formwork unit, wherein the embedded panel has a mark on at least one surface indicating a portion where a through hole is to be formed for screwing the fixture.

In the present invention, the fixture is a convex member having an end face for contacting the buried panel, and when the buried panel is assembled on the side opposite to the end face to form a formwork. Provided is the formwork unit having connecting means for fixing the embedded panel in a predetermined position.

In the present invention, the fixture is a convex member having an end face for contacting the buried panel, and the buried panel is assembled on the side opposite to the end face to form a concrete filling section. At the time, the formwork unit is provided, which has means for connecting with a connecting member extending in the surface direction of the buried panel from the inside of the concrete filling section.

In the present invention, the fixture also includes a main body made of a convex member and a flange for contacting an embedded panel provided at one end of the main body, and has a screw hole on the other end side shaft portion of the main body. , The formwork unit is provided.

In the present invention, the fixture also includes a pedestal portion having a flange for contacting an embedded panel at one end of a main body made of a tubular member, and a nut portion, and the nut portion is contained in a tubular hole of the pedestal portion. Provided is the formwork unit that is fitted and inserted.

The present invention also provides the formwork unit in which, among the surfaces of the buried panel, the surface installed toward the inside of the concrete filling section includes an adhesive improving surface.

The present invention also provides the formwork unit in which, among the surfaces of the buried panel, the surface installed toward the outside of the concrete filling section includes an adhesive improving surface and / or a decorative surface.

The present invention also provides the formwork unit further comprising a connector for connecting two adjacent embedded panels side by side in a flush manner.

The present invention also provides the formwork unit further comprising a connector for connecting two adjacent embedded panels in a row in an orthogonal manner to each other.

The present invention also provides the formwork unit further comprising a height adjuster for adjusting the height position of the embedded panel.

The present invention is also a method of placing concrete using the formwork unit to construct a concrete structure.
Step 1 of assembling the formwork unit by screwing the fixture on the surface of the buried panel, arranging the assembled formwork unit in a predetermined position, and defining a section to be filled with the concrete raw material. When,
Step 2 of forming the formwork by fixing the arranged formwork unit with the fixture,
Provided is a method for constructing a concrete structure, which comprises a step 3 of supplying a concrete raw material into the formed formwork.

The present invention also comprises connecting the fixture of the formwork unit arranged in the step 2 and the connecting member extending from the inside of the concrete filling section in the surface direction of the formwork unit. Provided is the concrete structure construction method for fixing a formwork unit.

The present invention also provides the concrete structure construction method, wherein the concrete structure is a structure including a ridge structure portion.

The present invention also provides the concrete structure construction method in which the concrete structure is a structure including a convex structure portion.

In the present invention, the concrete structure is made of concrete, and at least one structure selected from stairs, thresholds, beams, window frames, ceilings, floors, columns, walls, retaining walls, parapets, and pedestals. The concrete structure construction method is provided.

The present invention is also a method of repairing a concrete structure by placing concrete using the formwork unit.
The formwork unit is assembled by screwing the fixture onto the surface of the buried panel, and extends from the assembled formwork unit fixture and the surface to be repaired of the concrete structure toward the surface of the formwork unit. Step 1'to form a formwork by connecting the connecting members,
Provided is a method for repairing a concrete structure, which includes a step 2'of supplying a concrete raw material into the formed formwork.

The present invention is also a construction method for forming a concrete structure including a stepped structure between a first upper surface and a second upper surface above the first upper surface by using the formwork unit.
A plurality of panels including the at least one embedded panel in the form unit, which forms a side wall surface between the first upper surface and the second upper surface in the step structure, are assembled to obtain a concrete raw material. The process of forming a formwork that defines the compartment to be filled,
A step of supplying the concrete raw material to the first height position corresponding to the first upper surface formation height in the section, and
Provided is a concrete structure construction method including a step of supplying a concrete raw material to a second height position corresponding to a second upper surface forming height in the section.

The present invention also relates to the concrete structure construction method in which the lower end position of the embedded panel in the formwork is the same as or lower than the first height position in the vertical direction. I will provide a.

The present invention also includes a ridge structure having a pair of side wall surfaces facing opposite sides between the first upper surface and the second upper surface above the concrete structure.
Provided is a method for constructing a concrete structure, wherein the formwork includes at least a pair of the embedded panels assembled separately to form the pair of side wall surfaces of the convex structure portion.

In the present invention, the concrete structure also includes a convex structure portion having a plurality of side wall surfaces forming the entire circumference between the first upper surface and the second upper surface above the first upper surface.
Provided is the method for constructing a concrete structure, wherein the formwork includes one or more embedded panels for forming a part or all of the plurality of side wall surfaces of the convex structure portion.

The present invention also provides a concrete structure in which the embedded panels included in the formwork unit form at least one surface selected from the top, bottom, and sides of the concrete structure.

According to the formwork unit of the present invention, the work, time, and cost required for the construction of the concrete structure can be reduced, and a strong and aesthetically pleasing concrete structure can be formed by a simple operation.
For example, when the concrete structure to be formed is a ceiling or the like, there are problems such as peeling and collapse in the conventional construction method, but if the formwork unit of the present invention is used, the concrete structure is the foundation. Since it is firmly fixed to a part or a steel frame forming a frame, it is possible to suppress peeling and collapse, and it is possible to dramatically improve earthquake resistance.
Further, if the formwork unit of the present invention is used, the use of the panel P, which is removed after construction, can be abolished or the amount of use can be reduced. Therefore, the amount of the removal panel P, which is discarded after construction and becomes industrial waste, can be remarkably reduced. Therefore, if the mold unit of the present invention is used, the environmental load can be reduced.

According to the concrete structure repair construction method of the present invention, the surface to be repaired of the concrete structure can be easily, speedily and beautifully repaired by using the formwork unit. In addition, excellent earthquake resistance can be imparted to the concrete structure after repair.

It is a perspective view of the formwork unit which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the embedded panel in one modification of the formwork unit shown in FIG. It is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the formwork unit in the state where the embedded panel is assembled. A configuration example of a separator which is an assembly location side connecting member is shown. A modified example of the fixture is shown. A modified example of the formwork unit shown in FIG. 1 is shown. A modified example of the formwork unit shown in FIG. 1 is shown. It represents a part of steps of the concrete structure construction method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It represents a part of steps of the concrete structure construction method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. A modification of the concrete structure construction method shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is partially shown. Other modifications of the concrete structure construction method shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are partially shown. It is a figure which shows the deformation example of the screwing part of a fixture in an embedded panel. It is a figure which shows the modification of the shape of the fixture. It is a figure which shows an example of the fixture which consists of two parts, and shows the pedestal part which has a tubular hole, and the nut part which is inserted into the tubular hole of the pedestal part. 2 is a side view (a) and a perspective view (b) of a fixture having a shape including a pedestal portion having a tubular hole and a nut portion and the nut portion being fitted and inserted into the tubular hole of the pedestal portion. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the assembling method of the formwork unit in the construction method of the concrete structure of this invention. It is a schematic diagram (side view) which shows another example of the assembling method of the formwork unit in the construction method of the concrete structure of this invention. It is a top view of the assembling example of the formwork unit shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the assembling method of the formwork unit in the concrete structure repair method of this invention.

[Formwork unit]
The formwork unit X of the present invention includes at least one embedded panel 10 and at least one fixture 30. The fixture 30 has an end surface 31 for contacting the embedded panel 10, is a member screwed to the embedded panel 10 at the end surface 31, and can be connected to a connecting member on the assembly site side. The formwork unit X of the present invention is used to form a concrete casting formwork.

1 and 3 show the formwork unit X according to the embodiment of the present invention. The formwork unit X includes at least one embedded panel 10 and at least one set of fixtures 30 for each embedded panel 10. The fixture 30 is screwed to the embedded panel 10.

(Buried panel)
The buried panel 10 of the present invention is a weir plate (= a formwork arranged at a position in direct contact with concrete) that forms the shape of a concrete structure, and is a concrete structure without being removed after the concrete raw material has hardened. Form a part of. Therefore, the embedded panel 10 of the present invention is a driving weir. Further, when forming a formwork using a conventional weir, a temporary formwork support was used to support the weir, but the embedded panel 10 of the present invention has a fixture on the surface thereof. 30 (described in detail later) is attached, and the embedded panel 10 is fastened and assembled in a predetermined position by the attached fixture 30. Therefore, the formwork can be formed without using the formwork support.

The buried panel 10 is a rectangular plate material having a surface 11 and a surface 12 opposite to the surface 11, and in the present embodiment, is a flat plate-shaped fiber-reinforced cement plate. In the embedded panel 10, the dimension in the longitudinal direction is, for example, 30 to 242 cm, and the dimension in the lateral direction is, for example, 2 to 242 cm.

In this specification, when the buried panel 10 is assembled to form a concrete casting formwork, the surface installed toward the inside of the concrete filling section is set as the surface 11, and the surface is directed toward the outside of the concrete filling section. The surface to be installed is the surface 12.

Examples of the flat fiber-reinforced cement board include a slate board, a calcium silicate board, and a slag gypsum board. The slate board contains, for example, cement, fiber (excluding asbestos), and admixture as the main raw materials. The calcium silicate board contains, for example, a calcareous raw material, a siliceous raw material, fibers (excluding asbestos), and an admixture as main raw materials. Slag gypsum board contains, for example, slag, gypsum, fibers (excluding asbestos), and admixtures as main raw materials. Standards for these fiber-reinforced cement boards are defined in JIS A 5430. From the viewpoint of water resistance, the fiber-reinforced cement board is preferably a slate board or a calcium silicate board. Further, as a commercially available product of the slate board, for example, "Self-Rex" manufactured by A & A Material Co., Ltd. can be mentioned. Examples of commercially available calcium silicate plates include "Hirac M" manufactured by A & A Material Co., Ltd. Examples of commercially available slag gypsum plates include "Tigerboard" manufactured by Yoshino Gypsum Co., Ltd.

The thickness of the embedded panel 10 is preferably 3 mm or more, more preferably 5 mm or more, still more preferably 7 mm or more. Such a configuration is preferable from the viewpoint of ensuring the strength of the buried panel 10, and by extension, the buried panel 10 is suppressed from being damaged or bent during transportation, assembling work, and concrete placing. It is preferable to the above. The thickness of the embedded panel 10 is preferably 30 mm or less, more preferably 20 mm or less, still more preferably 10 mm or less. Such a configuration is preferable from the viewpoint of reducing the weight of the buried panel 10, and is preferable from the viewpoint of suppressing the manufacturing cost and the transportation cost of the buried panel 10 and the ease of assembling the buried panel 10.

The embedded panel 10 may have a through hole for screwing the fixture 30, that is, a through hole 13 penetrating between the surfaces 11 and 12 of the embedded panel, or the through hole 13 can be formed. The through hole 13 may not be formed yet. If the through hole 13 has not yet been formed, the embedded panel 10 preferably has a mark 21 on the surface 11 and / or on the surface 12 indicating a portion where the through hole is to be formed, as shown in FIG.

The number of through holes 13 formed in the buried panel 10 depends on the number of fixtures 30 obtained based on the size and shape of the buried panel, the stress applied to the buried panel 10 due to the weight and load of the concrete to be filled, and the like. Although it is defined, it is, for example, in the range of 1 to 20, preferably 4 to 10. If the number of through holes 13 is too small, the buried panel 10 may be distorted due to the weight and load of the concrete when the concrete is filled. There is a risk of increased time and cost, and difficulty in uniform filling of concrete. Further, as shown in FIG. 12 (front view on the 11th side of the buried panel 10), the portions where the through holes 13 are provided may be provided so as to be lined up in a row, may be provided at the four corners, or may be provided at the four corners and the center. It may be provided in a zigzag manner.

The surface 11 of the embedded panel 10 may be provided with an adhesive improving surface in part or in whole. The adhesive-improved surface is, for example, a surface suitable for joining with concrete after curing, and is a surface that has been subjected to a treatment for improving the adhesiveness with concrete after curing. By providing the adhesive improving surface, it is possible to strengthen the bonding with the concrete after hardening, and it is possible to prevent the buried panel 10 from peeling off from the surface of the concrete after hardening.

The adhesion-improved surface in the embedded panel 10 is, for example, a mortar cured product layer surface, an uneven molded surface, a mechanically roughened surface, or a combination thereof. From the viewpoint of mass production and economic efficiency of the buried panel 10, the surface of the cured mortar layer is preferable as the adhesive improving surface of the buried panel 10.

The surface of the cured mortar layer in the embedded panel 10 can be formed by applying mortar to a portion of the above-mentioned fiber-reinforced cement board where the adhesion-improved surface is to be formed and then curing the mortar. Examples of the mortar include polymer cement mortar, epoxy resin mortar, and cationic mortar.

A polymer cement mortar is, for example, a mortar that is a mixture of cement, fine aggregate, water, and a polymer dispersion or re-emulsified powder resin. Examples of the polymer dispersion include ethylene vinyl acetate resin (EVA) and acrylic resin. Examples of commercially available ethylene-vinyl acetate resins that can be used as polymer dispersions include "Celmighty 10" manufactured by Daicel FineChem Co., Ltd. Examples of commercially available acrylic resins that can be used as polymer dispersions include "Super Petlock 400" manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation.

The cationic mortar is, for example, a mortar which is a mixture of cement, fine aggregate, water, and a cationic polymer dispersion or a cationic re-emulsified powder resin. Examples of the cationic polymer dispersion include cationic styrene-butadiene rubber and cationic acrylic resin. As a commercially available product of cationic styrene-butadiene rubber that can be used as a cationic polymer dispersion, "Celtal" manufactured by Daicel FineChem Co., Ltd. can be mentioned. Examples of commercially available cationic acrylic resins that can be used as cationic polymer dispersions include "cell cations" manufactured by Daicel FineChem Co., Ltd.

The epoxy resin mortar is, for example, a mortar which is a mixture of an epoxy resin and a fine aggregate. Examples of commercially available epoxy resin mortars include "K mortar" manufactured by Konishi Co., Ltd.

Examples of the fine aggregate in the above-mentioned mortar include silica sand, river sand, obsidian perlite, pearlite perlite, and calcium carbonate powder. The mortar may contain one type of fine aggregate, or may contain two or more types of fine aggregate.

When the adhesive improvement surface of the embedded panel 10 is the surface of the cured mortar layer, the thickness of the cured mortar layer is preferably 0.5 mm or more, more preferably 0.5 mm or more, from the viewpoint of ensuring high adhesive strength to the concrete raw material. Is 1 mm or more, more preferably 1.5 mm or more. The thickness of the cured mortar layer is preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 10 mm or less, from the viewpoint of reducing the weight and improving workability of the buried panel 10 and suppressing the manufacturing cost and transportation cost of the buried panel 10. Is 5 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or less.

When a polymer cement mortar or a cationic mortar is applied to a fiber-reinforced cement board, most of the water in the applied mortar is absorbed by the fiber-reinforced cement board, and the mortar tends to reach a so-called dry-out state. In a dry-out mortar, the hydration reaction may be inhibited, resulting in poor curing or poor adhesion. In order to avoid such dryout, it is preferable to perform so-called water absorption adjustment on the fiber-reinforced cement board before coating with mortar. Examples of the water absorption adjusting means include spraying water on the fiber-reinforced cement board and applying a water absorption adjusting agent to the fiber-reinforced cement board. Examples of the water absorption adjusting agent include a so-called water absorption adjusting agent for coating cement mortar, which contains a synthetic resin emulsion or a polymer dispersion as a main component. Examples of the synthetic resin in such a water absorption adjusting agent include an acrylic resin, a vinyl acetate resin, an ethylene vinyl acetate resin, and a synthetic rubber. Commercially available water absorption modifiers for cement mortar coating include, for example, "Celmighty 10", "Celtite 10", "Cellock J", and "Celprimer J" (all of which are ethylene-vinyl acetate-based resins) manufactured by Daicel FineChem Co., Ltd. Included), and "Multi Primer" and "Peltus AC-300" (both containing acrylic resin) manufactured by Showa Denko Kenzai Co., Ltd. can be mentioned.

The above-mentioned uneven molding surface as the adhesion improving surface in the buried panel 10 has a predetermined uneven shape on the surface in contact with the planned bonding improved surface formation portion in the process of producing the fiber reinforced cement plate for forming the embedded panel 10, for example. It can be formed by press molding or extrusion molding of a fiber reinforced cement plate using a mold member such as a mold plate.

The above-mentioned mechanically roughened surface as the adhesively improved surface in the buried panel 10 is, for example, a mechanically roughened surface such as sanding or chipping with respect to the planned formation of the adhesively improved surface of the fiber-reinforced cement plate for forming the buried panel 10. It can be formed by roughening the portion by performing a chemical treatment.

The surface 12 of the embedded panel 10 may be provided with a decorative surface or the adhesive improvement surface may be provided over a part or the whole thereof.

When a decorative surface is provided on a part or the whole of the surface 12 of the buried panel 10, after the concrete structure is constructed using the formwork unit X, the outer surface of the buried panel 10 is newly coated with mortar. It is not necessary to perform the above, which is preferable from the viewpoint of work efficiency.

When the surface 12 of the buried panel 10 includes the adhesive improving surface, it is suitable for performing the tiling work on the adhesive improving surface of the surface 12 of the buried panel after the construction.

The decorative surface is, for example, a smooth flat surface molded surface, a paint cured film surface, or a decorative sheet pasting surface.

The smooth flat surface is formed, for example, by using a mold member such as a template whose surface in contact with the planned decorative surface is a smooth surface in the process of producing the fiber reinforced cement plate for forming the embedded panel 10. It can be formed by press molding or extrusion molding of the plate. As a panel (fiber reinforced cement board) having such a smooth flat surface, a "flexible board (decorative board finish type)" which is a kind of slate board of the Fiber Reinforced Cement Board Association is known.

The surface of the paint-cured film can be formed by applying the paint to the planned decorative surface formation portion of the fiber-reinforced cement board for forming the embedded panel 10 and then curing the paint. Examples of paints that can be used include organic paints, inorganic paints, and organic / inorganic composite paints. From the viewpoint of the durability of the surface of the cured paint film to be formed, inorganic paints and organic / inorganic composite paints are preferable. Examples of the organic paint include acrylic resin paint, epoxy paint, urethane resin paint, fluororesin paint, polyester paint, and vinyl organosol paint. Examples of the inorganic paint include alkyl silicate-based paints, photocatalytic titanium oxide-containing inorganic paints, silica sol-based paints, alkali metal salt-based paints, metal alkoxide-based paints, cement lysine-based paints, and cement stacco-based paints. Examples of the organic / inorganic composite paint include an organic / inorganic composite paint containing a siloxane bond, a metal alkoxide paint, a ceramic paint, and a photocatalytic titanium oxide-containing organic / inorganic composite paint. These paints may contain other additives such as fillers, thickeners, leveling agents, defoamers, stabilizers, etc. in addition to the pigments.

Examples of the decorative sheet for forming the decorative sheet-attached surface include a vinyl chloride decorative sheet, a thermoplastic resin decorative sheet, a thermosetting resin decorative sheet, a leaf decorative sheet, and a so-called P tile. For the vinyl chloride decorative sheet, for example, a pattern is printed on an opaque vinyl chloride sheet kneaded with a pigment, a transparent vinyl chloride film is heat-bonded on the printed surface, and the printed surface side is embossed as necessary. Can be produced. The embossing can be performed, for example, by pressurizing with a roll having an uneven surface. The thermoplastic resin decorative sheet can be produced in the same manner as the vinyl chloride decorative sheet production method, except that various plastic resins are used instead of the vinyl chloride resin as the sheet constituent resin, for example. The thermosetting resin decorative sheet is made by impregnating a decorative paper having a basis weight of 55 to 200 g / m ^{2 with} a thermosetting resin such as melamine resin, diallyl phthalate resin, or polyester resin, and then impregnating the same thermosetting resin. It can be produced by stacking it on a base sheet such as kraft paper and hot-press molding the obtained laminate using a multi-stage hot press machine or a continuous molding press machine. For the thin leaf decorative sheet, for example, a thin leaf ^{paper having a basis weight of about 30 g / m 2} is subjected to colored solid printing, a pattern is printed on the solid printed surface, and the printed surface is coated with an amino alkyd resin paint or a polyurethane resin paint. It can be produced by applying a paint finish. The decorative sheet for forming the decorative sheet sticking surface is preferably a vinyl chloride decorative sheet and P tile. Examples of the method of attaching the decorative sheet to the fiber-reinforced cement plate for forming the buried panel 10 include adhesion via an adhesive resin such as urethane resin, vinyl resin, and acrylic resin.

As the embedded panel 10 as described above, those described in JP-A-8-312092 (however, those containing no asbestos) and "cell / kekomi panel" manufactured by Daicel FineChem Co., Ltd. are particularly preferable. ..

(Fixture)
As shown in FIG. 3, the fixture 30 of the present invention is a member having an end face 31 for contacting the buried panel 10 and being screwed to the buried panel 10 at the end face 31. Then, the fixture 30 can be connected to the assembly portion side connecting member. Then, by using the fixture 30, the buried panel 10 can be fixed at a predetermined position when the buried panel 10 is assembled to form a formwork.

The fixture 30 is, for example, a convex member having an end face 31 for contacting the buried panel 10, is screwed to the buried panel 10 at the end face 31, and is embedded on the side opposite to the end face 31. It is a member having a connecting means for fixing the embedded panel 10 at a predetermined position when the form unit X including the panel 10 is assembled to form a form.

As a connecting means for fixing the buried panel 10 at a predetermined position, when the buried panel 10 is assembled to form a concrete filling section, the buried panel 10 and the concrete filling section are formed from the inside of the buried panel 10. It is preferable that it is a means for connecting the connecting member S extending toward the surface 11, and the connecting member S extending from the inside of the buried panel 10 and the concrete filling section toward the surface 11 of the buried panel 10. It is particularly preferable that it is a screw fastening means with.

The fixture 30 is preferably a convex member having an end surface 31 for contacting the embedded panel 10, which is screwed to the embedded panel 10 at the end surface 31 and is on the side opposite to the end surface 31. When the buried panel 10 is assembled to form a concrete filling section, it is a member having means for connecting with a connecting member S extending from the inside of the concrete filling section toward the surface 11 of the buried panel 10. As a result, the buried panel 10 and the connecting member S can be connected, and the assembly of the buried panel 10 can be strengthened in the concrete structure construction process described later.

More preferably, as shown in FIG. 13, the fixture 30 includes a main body 120 made of a convex member and a flange 122 for contacting an embedded panel provided at one end of the main body. It is a member having screw holes 123 and 124 on the other end side shaft portion. According to the member, the screw structure portion of the connecting member S having a screw structure portion at at least one end can be screwed into the screw holes 123 and 124 from the other end side of the main body 120. Then, if the screw structure portion of the connecting member S is screwed into the screw holes 123 and 124 of the fixture 30, the connecting member S and the buried panel 10 can be tightly connected, and the concrete structure is buried in the concrete structure construction process described later. The assembly of the panel 10 can be strengthened.

Further, the fixture 30 may have a screw hole portion 32 for screwing to the buried panel 10 on the embedded panel contact flange 122. When the fixture 30 has a screw hole portion 32 for screwing to the embedded panel 10, the screw hole portion 32 screwes the screw structure portion of the connecting member S as shown in FIG. 13 (a). A through screw hole may be formed in communication with the screw hole 123 for screwing, and as shown in FIG. 13 (b), separately from the screw hole 124 for screwing the screw structure portion of the connecting member S. It may be provided.

Further, as shown in FIG. 13C, when the fixture 30 does not have the screw hole portion 32, the fixture 30 is such that the flange 122 for contacting the embedded panel abuts on the surface 11 of the embedded panel 10. Can be screwed using a screw with a sharp tip (for example, a self-tapping screw, a drill screw, a drill tapping screw, a pierce screw, a building material screw, an ALC screw, a wood screw, etc.). In this case, a pilot hole may be made in the fixture 30 so that the screw with a sharp tip is screwed straight into a predetermined position of the fixture 30.

The fixture 30 may be composed of one part or may be composed of two or more parts. When it is composed of one part, the effect of reducing the number of parts of the form unit X can be obtained.

When the fixture 30 is composed of two or more parts, a pedestal having a flange 122 for contacting an embedded panel at one end of a main body 125 made of a tubular member as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15. A portion 30A and a nut portion 30B are included, and the nut portion 30B is inserted into the tubular hole 121 of the pedestal portion 30A so that the screw hole 126 of the nut portion 30B is exposed from the hole opening of the pedestal portion 30A. There is an aspect in which it is made. The fixture 30 has a screw hole portion 32 in the embedded panel contact surface 122A of the flange 122, and a screw 20 for screwing can be inserted through the screw hole portion 32. Examples of such a fixture 30 include the product name "insulation pad" sold by Kondotec Inc. and the product name "insulation con (KP con)" sold by Sankyo Tech Co., Ltd. Goods can be used.

According to such a configuration, it is possible to realize a fixture 30 having a pedestal portion 30A and a nut portion 30B whose constituent materials are different from each other. That is, it contributes to the firm assembly of the pedestal portion 30A whose constituent material is selected based on the characteristics required for the end face 31 for contacting the buried panel, which has a function of suppressing the inclination and distortion of the buried panel 10, and the buried panel 10. It is possible to realize a fixture 30 having a composite structure including a nut portion 30B whose constituent material is selected based on the characteristics required for the screw hole portion 32 to be screwed.

Further, the fixture 30 may include a nut connecting body 30C as shown in FIG. 5A or a nut connecting body 30D as shown in FIG. 5B instead of the nut portion 30B described above.

The nut connecting body 30C has a structure in which two nut portions 34 and 35 are connected via a universal joint. The nut portion 34 has a screw hole portion 32 for screwing to the embedded panel 10. The nut portion 35 has a screw hole portion 32'in which the screw structure portion at the end of the so-called separator, which is a connecting member on the side where the embedded panel is assembled, can be screwed. The nut connecting body 30D includes two nut portions 36, 37 and a screw portion 38. The nut portion 37 and the screw portion 38 are connected via a universal joint. The nut portion 36 has a screw hole portion 32 for screwing to the embedded panel 10. A screw portion 38 can also be screwed into the screw hole portion 32. The nut portion 37 has a screw hole portion 32'in which the screw structure portion at the end of the so-called separator, which is a connecting member on the side where the embedded panel is assembled, can be screwed.

If the position or orientation of the screw hole of the nut portion 30B of the pedestal portion 30 screwed to the embedded panel 10 and the position or orientation of the screw structure portion of the connecting member S do not match, the pedestal portion 30A and the nut portion 30B If the pedestal portion 30A and the nut connecting body 30C or the nut connecting body 30D are used instead of the combination of the above, the screw structure portion of the connecting member S can be screwed into the screw hole, and the formwork unit X can be strengthened. It is possible to assemble to.

Then, the fixture 30 is screwed to the surface 11 of the embedded panel 10 with the end surface 31 for contacting the embedded panel applied. The number of fixtures 30 screwed to one buried panel 10 is determined based on the size and shape of the buried panel, the stress applied to the buried panel 10 due to the weight and load of the concrete to be filled, and the like. It is determined according to the number, but is, for example, in the range of 1 to 20, preferably 4 to 10. If the number of fixtures 30 is too small, the embedded panel 10 may be distorted due to the weight and load of the concrete when the concrete is filled. If the number of fixtures 30 is too large, the number of fixtures 30 and connecting members increases and the work during assembly There is a risk of increased time and cost, and difficulty in uniform filling of concrete. Further, as shown in FIG. 12 (front view on the 11 side of the buried panel 10), the screwed portions of the fixture 30 on the surface 11 of the buried panel 10 may be in a single row or at four corners. It may be at the four corners and the center, or it may be zigzag.

The screw 20 used for screwing the fixture 30 to the embedded panel 10 has a dimension longer than the thickness of the embedded panel 10 in the extending direction thereof, and has a predetermined screw thread. The screw 20 can be selected from known ones. For example, hexagon bolts, hexagon socket head screws, hexagon bolts with built-in seats, eye bolts, wing bolts, pan head machine screws, countersunk head screws, truss machine screws, bind machine screws, self-tapping screws, drill screws, drill tapping screws, pierce screws, for building materials. A selection of screws, ALC screws, and wood screws can be used as the screws 20. Further, as the screw 20, the female thread portion of various foam ties (registered trademarks) (or home ties) known for fixing the formwork may be referred to as a bar screw (“cutting screw” or “full screw”). You may use the one in which a part of (there is) is screwed in to expose the rest. As the form tie (registered trademark) (or home tie), a commercially available one can be used. Examples of commercially available foam ties (registered trademark) include nut-type foam ties (registered trademark) (trade name "Form tie (registered trademark) C type C8-150" sold by Okabe Co., Ltd.). Wedge-type foam tie (registered trademark) (trade name "wedge-type hontai 2K-60 W5 / 16/60 square pipe" sold by Condo Tech Co., Ltd.) and screw-type foam tie (registered trademark) (Product name "RB screw phone tie (3-type rib seat nut / SW set) 8-180" sold by Condo Tech Co., Ltd.) can be mentioned.

(Assembly location side connecting member S)
The buried panel assembly location side connecting member S constitutes the formwork unit X from a position inside the concrete filling section when, for example, the formwork unit X is assembled to form a concrete filling section. It is a member that extends toward the surface 11 of the panel 10.

Examples of the connecting member S include a separator. The separator may be a separator having a screw structure on both ends, or a separator having a screw structure on only one end. Further, the separator may be linear or may be bent at any plurality of places. Further, the end opposite to the end having the screw structure portion may be bent in a hook shape, or a hook may be attached. These separators are known by names such as a round separator, a stat separator, a single bending separator, a double bending separator, an anchor separator, and a hook separator.

Further, as the connecting member S, a member in which two or more of the separators are connected may be used. The connecting member S may be, for example, a composite separator as shown in FIG. 4A or a composite separator shown in FIG. 4B. The composite separator shown in FIG. 4A has a separator 41 having a positive screw structure at both ends and a reverse screw structure at both ends, or has a positive screw structure at the left end in the figure and is reversed at the right end in the figure. A separator 42 having a screw structure and a connecting metal fitting 43 having screw holes into which they can be screwed are provided at least at both ends. The composite separator shown in FIG. 4B is a screw capable of screwing a separator 44, 45 having a positive screw structure on both ends, a bending type separator 46 having a reverse screw structure on both ends, and a separator 44, 46. A connecting metal fitting 47 having holes at least at both ends and a connecting metal fitting 48 having screw holes into which the separators 45 and 46 can be screwed are provided at least at both ends. The connecting fittings 43, 47, 48 are, for example, so-called turnbuckles or joint nuts, respectively. The various separators can be used properly according to the assembly location or the assembly height of the embedded panel 10 of the form unit X.

Then, one end of the connecting member S is a connecting means of the fixing tool 30 [for example, a screw structure portion at one end of the connecting member S and a screw hole (screw hole 32, screw hole 32', screw hole 123, screw hole 124). , Screw holes 126, etc.), held by screw fastening means]. That is, one end of the connecting member S is held by screwing with the fixing tool 30.

Then, the other end of the connecting member S is held at a position inside the concrete filling section when the formwork unit X is assembled to form the concrete filling section.

As a method of holding the other end of the connecting member S, for example, when the formwork unit X is assembled to form a concrete filling section, another panel (for example, another panel) forming the filling section together with the formwork unit X (for example). The other end of the connecting member S may be fixed to an embedded panel and / or a removing panel of another formwork unit X located on the opposite side. When it is the existing concrete that forms one corner of the filling section together with the form unit X, the other end of the connecting member S may be embedded in the concrete to form a so-called anchor bolt. Further, the other end of the connecting member S may be welded and fixed to an iron member such as a steel frame or a reinforcing bar existing inside the concrete filling section, or may be connected to the iron member via a connecting metal fitting. .. Further, when the hook is attached to the other end of the connecting member S or when the other end of the connecting member S is bent like a hook, the hook is a steel frame existing inside the concrete filling section. It may be connected by hooking it on an iron member such as a steel frame or a reinforcing bar or another connecting member S.

Examples of the connecting metal fittings include the product name "Sepa Grip" sold by Okabe Co., Ltd., the product name "SK Univa" and the product name "Domaster" sold by Kyoei Seisakusho Co., Ltd., and Nippon Temporary Co., Ltd. Product name "Tetsukabuto (with nut)" sold by Kunimoto Shokai Co., Ltd., product name "KS Guts", product name "Sepajime" sold by Inui Sangyo Co., Ltd., Condo Tech Co., Ltd. The trade name "Wire Clip KM Clip" sold by, "Joint metal fittings for connecting a separator and a reinforcing bar or a round bar" described in JP-A-2008-214911, and JP-A-2003-013600. Examples thereof include "connecting metal fittings for reinforcing bars and separators" described in the publication.

(Connector)
The formwork unit X may further include a connector 50A as shown in FIG. 6A. The connector 50A is for connecting two adjacent buried panels 10 to be assembled in the construction of a concrete structure in a manner such that their surfaces 12 are flush with each other, and is at least flat in the present embodiment. A plate 51 and a predetermined number of fasteners 52 are provided (FIG. 6A exemplifies a connector 50A when four fasteners 52 are provided). In a state where two adjacent buried panels 10 are connected by the connector 50A, the flat plate 51 is applied to the two adjacent buried panels 10, for example, on the surface 12 (outer surface) side. The fastening member 52 is, for example, a drill screw, and when the fastening member 52 is a drill screw, the fastening member 52 is formed from the surface 12 side of the buried panel 10 with respect to the through holes formed so as to penetrate the flat plate 51 and each embedded panel 10. The inserted fastener 52 allows the flat plate 51 to be fixed across two adjacent embedded panels 10. In such a connector 50A, the flat plate 51 may be applied to the surface 11 (inner surface) side of the two adjacent embedded panels 10, and the fastener 52 may be a bolt. When the fastening member 52 is a bolt, the bolt (fastening member 52) inserted from the surface 12 side of the buried panel 10 into a through hole formed so as to penetrate the flat plate 51 and each embedded panel 10. ) And a nut fastened to the screw structure portion on the surface 11 side, so that the flat plate 51 can be fixed over two adjacent embedded panels 10.

When the formwork unit X is provided with such a connector 50A, a plurality of buried panels 10 are provided in a concrete structure portion (for example, a concrete wall 70 or a concrete structure 80 described later) formed by using the formwork unit X. It is preferable to properly form a flat side wall surface over the entire area. Further, after forming the side wall surface while using such a connector 50A, the fastening member 52 and the flat plate 51 when the flat plate 51 is applied to the surface 12 side are removed from the side wall surface. By repairing by filling at least the outer opening end of the relatively small embedded panel through hole into which the fastening member 52 is inserted with mortar, a good aesthetic appearance can be ensured on the side wall surface.

The number of fasteners 52 included in the set of connector 50A is four in FIG. 6A, but may be two, three, or five or more. Further, the number of connecting tools 50A used for connecting a set of two adjacent embedded panels 10 is one in FIG. 6A, but may be two or three or more. ..

The formwork unit X may further include a connector 50B as shown in FIG. 6B. The connector 50B is connected by connecting two adjacent buried panels 10 to be assembled in the construction of a concrete structure so as to be orthogonal to each other, or connecting two adjacent buried panels 10 in a manner in which their surfaces 11 intersect. In this embodiment, at least a bending plate 53 and a predetermined number of fasteners 54 are provided (FIG. 6B exemplifies a connector 50B when four fasteners 54 are provided. It is). In a state where two adjacent buried panels 10 are connected by the connector 50B, the bending plate 53 is applied to the two adjacent buried panels 10, for example, on the surface 12 (outer surface) side. The fastening member 54 is, for example, a drill screw, and when the fastening member 54 is a drill screw, the fastening member 54 is formed from the surface 12 side of the buried panel 10 with respect to the through hole formed so as to penetrate the bending plate 53 and each embedded panel 10. The inserted fastener 54 allows the bending plate 53 to be fixed across two adjacent embedded panels 10. In such a connector 50B, the bending plate 53 may be applied to the surface 11 (inner surface) side of the two adjacent embedded panels 10, and the fastening member 54 may be a bolt. When the fastening member 54 is a bolt, the bolt (fastening member 54) inserted from the surface 12 side of the buried panel 10 into a through hole formed so as to penetrate the bending plate 53 and each embedded panel 10. ) And a nut fastened to the screw structure portion on the surface 11 side, so that the bending plate 53 can be fixed over two adjacent embedded panels 10.

The formwork unit X provided with such a connector 50B is laterally connected to a concrete structure portion (for example, a concrete wall 70 or a concrete structure 80 described later) formed by using the formwork unit X. It is preferable for appropriately forming a side wall surface including an adjacent plane having a predetermined angle such as a right angle. Further, after forming the side wall surface while using such a connector 50B, the fastening member 54 and the bending plate 53 when the bending plate 53 is applied to the surface 12 side are removed from the side wall surface. By repairing by filling at least the outer opening end of the relatively small embedded panel through hole into which the fastening member 54 is inserted with mortar, a good aesthetic appearance can be ensured on the side wall surface.

The number of fasteners 54 included in the set of connector 50B is four in FIG. 6B, but may be two, three, or five or more. Further, the number of connecting tools 50B used for connecting a set of two adjacent embedded panels 10 is one in FIG. 6B, but may be two or three or more. ..

Further, the two embedded panels 10 shown in FIG. 6B are arranged (adhesion-improved surface is provided) for forming the stepped portion of the concrete structure having the stepped portion including the protruding corner portion. (Arrangement in which a stepped portion including a protruding corner portion is formed) is taken on the side of the surface 11. On the other hand, when the front and back surfaces (faces 11 and 12) of each of the buried panels 10 shown in FIG. 6B are exchanged, the arrangement taken by the two buried panels 10 is a step including the inside corner portion. This is an arrangement for forming the inside corner portion of the concrete structure having the portion (an arrangement in which a step portion including the inside corner portion is formed on the side of the surface 11 provided with the adhesive improvement surface).

(Height adjuster)
The formwork unit X may further include a height adjuster 60A as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b). Such a configuration is preferable in order to accurately position the assembling height of the buried panel in the construction of the concrete structure performed by using the formwork unit.

The height adjuster 60A is for adjusting the height position of the buried panel 10 to be assembled in the construction of the concrete structure, and includes a receiving member 61 and a leg member 62 for supporting the receiving member 61.

In the present embodiment, the receiving member 61 has a groove for receiving the buried panel, which is wider than the thickness of the buried panel 10. Instead of such a configuration, the receiving member 61 may not have a groove for receiving the embedded panel. For example, the receiving member 61 may have a flat plate having various shapes as an embedded panel contact portion. The flat plate may have an upward folded structure that is in contact with the surface 11 or the surface 12 of the buried panel 10 and can be used for positioning the buried panel 10. Alternatively, the receiving member 61 may have a rod-shaped member for supporting the embedded panel as an abutting portion of the embedded panel. The rod-shaped member may have an upward folded structure that abuts on the surface 11 or the surface 12 of the buried panel 10 and can be used for positioning the buried panel 10, or has a V-shape or a U-shape. It may have. These configurations in which the receiving member 61 does not have the groove are preferable from the viewpoint of ensuring the degree of freedom of the assembly location and orientation when assembling the embedded panel 10.

It is preferable that the back surface of the receiving member 61 (the back surface of the surface that receives the embedded panel) has a screw structure portion or a nut portion for connecting to the leg member 62. In FIG. 7A, a screw structure portion extending in the vertical direction from the back surface of the receiving member 61 is provided.

The leg member 62 is a member that supports the receiving member 61. Further, the leg member 62 may have any configuration as long as the height adjuster 60A can exert a function of adjusting the height position of the embedded panel 10. The leg member 62 includes at least a rod-shaped member.

As the rod-shaped member, a separator or a member in which two or more separators are connected via a connecting metal fitting 63, 66 (for example, a turnbuckle or a joint nut), which is used as the above-mentioned connecting member S, is used. Can be done.

It is preferable that one end of the rod-shaped member has a screw structure portion or a nut portion for connecting to the receiving member 61. Further, it is preferable that the other end of the rod-shaped member is provided with a base having a predetermined shape and structure suitable for contacting an existing floor surface or the like. In FIG. 7A, one end of the rod-shaped member has a nut portion, and a screw structure portion extending in the vertical direction from the back surface of the receiving member 61 is screwed into the nut portion, and the other end touches the floor surface. It is in contact and supported by a pyramid-shaped base.

Alternatively, the leg member 62 is a double-cut bolt in the screw hole portion of a base having a support end surface suitable for contacting an existing flat floor surface and a screw hole portion that opens on the side opposite to the end surface. One end of the screw or bar screw may be screwed in and the other end may form the screw structure. Examples of the base having the support end face and the screw hole portion include the fixture 30 described above with reference to FIG. The leg member 62 is configured by screwing a double-sided bolt or a bar screw into the screw hole portion 32 of the nut portion 30B in a state where the end surface 31 of the pedestal portion 30A of the fixture 30 is installed so as to abut against the flat floor surface. To.

Alternatively, the leg member 62 may have a structure in which the other end of the rod-shaped member is embedded in the existing concrete (so-called anchor bolt), or the other end of the rod-shaped member is an iron member such as a steel frame or a reinforcing bar. It may have a structure of being welded and fixed to the steel frame, or may have a structure in which the other end of the rod-shaped member is connected to an iron member such as a steel frame or a reinforcing bar via a connecting metal fitting. Examples of the above-mentioned connecting metal fittings include the product name "Sepa Grip" sold by Okabe Co., Ltd., the product name "SK Univa" and the product name "Domaster" sold by Kyoei Seisakusho Co., Ltd., and Japan Temporary Stock. Product name "Tetsukabuto (with nut)" sold by the company, product name "KS Guts" sold by Kunimoto Shokai Co., Ltd., product name "Sepajime" sold by Inui Sangyo Co., Ltd., Condo Tech stock The product name "Wire Clip KM Clip" sold by the company, "Joint metal fittings for connecting a separator and a reinforcing bar or a round bar" described in JP-A-2008-214911, and JP-A-2003- Examples thereof include "connecting metal fittings for reinforcing bars and separators" described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 013600.

7 (a) and 7 (b) show exemplary the height adjuster 60A when two sets of leg members 62 are provided, and the height adjuster 60A is a set of leg members 62. It may be provided with three or more sets of leg members 62.

The height adjuster 60A shown in FIG. 7B receives two adjacent buried panels 10 in a row and simultaneously performs a height adjusting function of the buried panels 10. When the formwork unit X is provided with such a height adjuster 60A, the buried panel 10 is used in the construction of a concrete structure (for example, the concrete wall 70 or the concrete structure 80 described later) performed by using the formwork unit X. It is preferable to accurately position the assembling height of the concrete.

The formwork unit X may further include a height adjuster 60B as shown in FIG. 7 (c). The height adjuster 60B adjusts the height position of the two adjacent buried panels 10 to be assembled in the construction of the concrete structure while connecting the two adjacent buried panels 10 in such a manner that their surfaces 11 intersect at a predetermined angle such as a right angle. It is provided with a receiving member 64 and a leg member 65 for supporting the receiving member 64. The fact that the formwork unit X is provided with such a height adjuster 60B is an intersection mode in the construction of a concrete structure (for example, the concrete wall 70 or the concrete structure 80 described later) performed by using the formwork unit X. It is preferable for accurately positioning the assembling height of the two adjacent embedded panels 10.

In the present embodiment, the receiving member 64 has a groove for receiving the buried panel, which is wider than the thickness of the buried panel 10. Instead of such a configuration, the receiving member 64 may not have a groove for receiving the embedded panel. For example, the receiving member 64 may have a flat plate having various shapes as an embedded panel contact portion. The flat plate may have an upward folded structure that is in contact with the surface 11 or the surface 12 of the buried panel 10 and can be used for positioning the buried panel 10. Alternatively, the receiving member 64 may have a rod-shaped member for supporting the embedded panel as an abutting portion of the embedded panel. These configurations in which the receiving member 61 does not have the groove are preferable from the viewpoint of ensuring the degree of freedom of the assembly location and orientation when assembling the embedded panel 10.

FIG. 7C exemplifies the height adjuster 60B when three sets of leg members 65 are provided, and the height adjuster 60B includes one set of leg members 65. It may be provided with two sets of leg members 65, or may be provided with four or more sets of leg members 65. The configuration of the leg member 65 in the height adjuster 60B is the same as the configuration of the leg member 65 in the height adjuster 60A.

[Concrete structure construction method]
The concrete structure construction method of the present invention is a method of placing concrete using the formwork unit to construct a concrete structure.
The fixture 30 is screwed onto the surface (preferably on the surface 11) of the buried panel 10 to assemble the formwork unit X, and the assembled formwork unit X is placed in a predetermined position and filled with the concrete raw material. Step 1 that defines the section to be used,
Step 2 of forming the formwork by fixing the arranged formwork unit X with the fixture 30 and
It is characterized by including a step 3 of filling the formed mold with a concrete raw material.

In the step 1, it is preferable that the assembled formwork unit X is assembled so that the surface 11 including the adhesive improving surface of the buried panel 10 faces the inside of the concrete filling section 110.

Further, in the arrangement of the assembled formwork unit X in the step 1, the buried panel 10 of the formwork unit X is filled with the concrete raw material on the upward surface, the downward surface, and the section. It is preferably arranged to form at least one surface selected from the side wall surfaces.

In the step 2, for example, the fixture 30 of the arranged formwork unit X and the surface of the formwork unit X (preferably, the buried panel 10 constituting the formwork unit X) from the inside of the concrete filling section. By connecting the connecting member S extending toward the surface 11), the formwork unit X can be fixed at a predetermined position. The connecting member S corresponds to the above-mentioned connecting member on the assembly site side.

Further, for the purpose of preventing the formwork unit X from being distorted during filling of the concrete raw material and preventing the concrete raw material from leaking from the gap of the formwork unit X, the outside of the formwork unit X (that is, that is, , The side opposite to the concrete filling section side 110), for example, a reinforcing material such as a wooden frame called a crosspiece may be arranged. When a reinforcing material is used, after the concrete raw material has hardened, the reinforcing material may be removed while leaving the formwork unit X on the concrete structure side.

The concrete structure includes a concrete structure including a convex structure portion protruding upward, downward, or laterally, and a concrete structure including a convex structure portion protruding upward, downward, or laterally. The concrete structure is, for example, at least one structure selected from concrete stairs, thresholds, beams, window frames, ceilings, floors, columns, walls, retaining walls, parapets, and pedestals.

A method of forming a formwork when the concrete structure is a concrete structure including a convex structure portion protruding downward such as a beam will be described below with reference to FIG.
The formwork unit X (fixed to the buried panel 10 with the fixture 30 fastened with screws 20) is placed on the surface of the beam 100, and one end is fixed to the placed fixture 30 of the formwork unit X and the beam 100. By connecting the connecting member S extending toward the surface 11 of the form unit X, the form unit X can be fixed to form the form.

A special shape among the convex structure parts such as a pedestal in which the concrete structure protrudes upward (more specifically, a shape in which the upper surface of the columnar structure part is chamfered, that is, a pyramidal trapezoidal structure on the upper surface of the columnar structure part. A method of forming a formwork in the case of a concrete structure including a portion formed) will be described below with reference to FIGS. 17 and 18.
First, a reinforcing bar (and an auxiliary steel frame, if necessary) 127 is arranged inside the concrete filling section 110.
Next, the formwork unit X (the fixture 30 fixed to the buried panel 10 with screws 20) was placed at a position surrounding the side surface of the concrete filling section and at a position covering the upper surface of the concrete filling section. The fixture 30 of the formwork unit X is connected to the reinforcing bar or the auxiliary steel frame 127. Thereby, the formwork unit X can be fixed and the formwork can be formed.

Conventionally, in order to construct a concrete structure having a frustum-shaped structure formed on the upper surface of a columnar structure such as a gantry, first, a formwork is formed with a removable panel to form the columnar structure. After that, concrete was applied to the upper surface of the formed columnar structure portion with a trowel or the like without using a formwork to form a prismatic structure portion. However, in order to form the pyramidal trapezoidal structure without using a formwork, the concrete raw material is applied layer by layer, and the upward surface and the side wall surface of the applied concrete raw material are planned to be formed in the pyramidal trapezoidal shape. It is necessary to repeat the work of adjusting to match the structure to the height to be formed. Therefore, it takes time and effort, which causes an increase in cost. However, if the formwork unit X of the present invention is used, after assembling so as to partition the columnar structure portion and the prismatic structure portion, the concrete raw material is filled to first form the columnar structure portion, and then the columnar structure portion is formed. Further, the outer periphery of the buried panel 10 in the formwork unit X fixed as the upper surface of the prismatic structure to be formed by filling with a concrete raw material is set as a “hit” (that is, a reference for the finished surface of the mortar). A prismatic structure can be easily formed by simply trimming the side surface (dotted line in FIG. 18) that is not covered by the formwork unit with a trowel or the like, and the structure can be neatly formed while reducing labor and cost. Can be finished.

According to the concrete structure construction method of the present invention, since the formwork unit X that is easy to assemble and does not need to be removed after construction is used, the work, time, and cost required for construction of the concrete structure can be reduced. Can be reduced. Further, when the concrete structure includes a surface other than the upward surface such as a wall, ceiling, or beam, that is, a downward surface or a side wall surface, in the conventional construction method, if the concrete is thickly applied at one time, it is easily peeled off. Therefore, a method has been adopted in which a concrete structure is formed by applying a thin coat and then applying the concrete to a predetermined thickness by recoating after the concrete has hardened. However, according to the concrete structure construction method of the present invention, the concrete structure construction method has been adopted. A concrete structure having a predetermined thickness can be formed by filling concrete once in a mold unit firmly fixed to a foundation portion of the concrete structure or a steel frame forming a frame. In addition, in the concrete structure after hardening, if the concrete structure includes a side wall surface such as a wall or a downward surface such as the bottom surface of a ceiling or a beam, the concrete structure collapses due to an earthquake or the like in the case of the conventional construction method. However, in the concrete structure construction method of the present invention, as described above, the mold unit firmly fixed to the foundation part or the steel frame forming the frame covers the surface of the concrete structure. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the concrete structure from collapsing due to an earthquake or the like.

Further, according to the concrete structure construction method of the present invention, since the formwork unit X does not need to be removed after construction, for example, a concrete structure having a stepped portion (one upward surface (first upward surface) and this). Formwork unit X that defines the side wall surface during construction (a stepped structure consisting of another upward surface (second upward surface) at a higher level and a side wall surface between the two upward surfaces). Can be assembled without providing a gap between the first upward surface and the first upward surface. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the leakage of the concrete raw material from the gap, and the work of scraping off the excess part formed by the leaked concrete raw material and the work of repairing the scraped part as necessary after that are not required, and the work required for the construction.・ Time and cost can be reduced.

Further, in the concrete structure construction method of the present invention, since the formwork unit X is used, the strength of the concrete structure can be maintained even if the reinforcing bars are not provided as densely as in the conventional case. Therefore, by lowering the installation density of the reinforcing bars, the concrete raw material can be smoothly filled in the formwork, and the compaction using the thrust rod, the rod-shaped vibrator, or the formwork vibrator becomes easy. As a result, it is possible to suppress the generation of bean plates (so-called junkers) in the concrete structure, and it is possible to form a concrete structure having excellent strength and aesthetics.

FIG. 8 shows an example of the concrete structure construction method of the present invention. This method is a construction method of a concrete wall 70 as shown in FIG. 8D with a rising step at a so-called water return portion. In this embodiment, the following formwork assembly process and the first concrete casting are performed. It includes a setting step, a second concrete placing step, and a formwork removing step (in FIG. 8, each step is represented by a cross-sectional view). The concrete wall 70, which is the object of formation, has a step structure (a rising step at the water return portion) between the upper surface 71 and the upper surface 72 above the upper surface 71.

In the formwork assembling step, the formwork Y is formed as shown in FIG. 8A. Specifically, at the formation location of the concrete wall 70, after arranging reinforcing bars such as vertical bars and horizontal bars, a plurality of panels are assembled to form a formwork Y that defines a section to be filled with the concrete raw material. Form. In the plurality of panels to be assembled, at least one embedded in the above-mentioned form unit X, which forms a side wall surface between the upper surface 71 and the upper surface 72 of the concrete wall 70 which is the object to be formed, and the removal panel P. Panel 10 is included. The buried panel 10 used is provided with a required number of the above-mentioned through holes 13 before the assembling work. Then, the assembling work is performed on the buried panel 10 having the through hole 13. In the assembling work, two adjacent embedded panels 10 may be assembled in such a manner that they are connected together with the above-mentioned connecting tool 50A and connecting tool 50B. Further, the embedded panel 10 may be assembled in such a manner that the height is adjusted together with the height adjusting tool 60A and the height adjusting tool 60B described above.

As shown in FIG. 3, for example, the embedded panel 10 in the assembled state has a surface 11 including an adhesive improving surface as an inner surface facing the concrete raw material filling section. The above-mentioned fixture 30 in the form unit X has the screw hole portion 32 of the fixture 30 and the embedded panel 10 in a state where the end surface 31 for contacting the embedded panel is applied to the surface 11 (inner surface) of the embedded panel 10. It is in a position where it can communicate with the through hole 13. Then, the above-mentioned screw 20 in the form unit X is inserted into the through hole 13 from the surface 12 side of the embedded panel 10 and then screwed into the screw hole portion 32 of the fixture 30 on the surface 11 side. There is. In the present embodiment, the fixture 30 is connected to the screw structure portion at the end of the separator S, which is the assembly location side connecting member. The wider the end face 31 for contacting the buried panel in the fixture 30, the more the unintended inclination and distortion of the buried panel 10 in the assembled state tend to be suppressed. Further, in the present embodiment, the buried panel 10 is assembled so that the lower end of the buried panel 10 is located at the same position as or below the planned formation position of the upper surface 71 of the concrete wall 70 in the vertical direction. The embedded panel 10 of the formwork unit X is assembled by the above-mentioned complex cooperation of each element included in the formwork unit X.

When the adhesion-improved surface on the surface 11 of the buried panel 10 is the above-mentioned uneven molding surface or the above-mentioned mechanically roughened surface (that is, when the fiber-reinforced cement base material is exposed on the surface 11 of the buried panel 10), or If the effect of the preceding water absorption adjustment is insufficient even if the adhesive improvement surface on the surface 11 of the buried panel 10 is the surface of the hardened mortar layer described above, after assembling the buried panel 10 and before placing the concrete raw material. , Water absorption adjustment may be required for the buried panel 10. When concrete is placed in a state where the water absorption of the buried panel 10 is not sufficiently adjusted, most of the water in the concrete raw material is absorbed by the fiber reinforced cement base of the buried panel 10, and the concrete raw material becomes so-called dry-out. It is easy to reach the state. In a dry-out concrete raw material, the hydration reaction may be inhibited, resulting in poor curing or poor adhesion. In order to avoid such dryout, it is necessary to adjust the water absorption. Examples of the water absorption adjusting means include spraying water on at least the surface 11 of the buried panel 10 and applying a water absorption adjusting agent to the surface 11 of the buried panel 10. The specific water absorption adjusting means is the same as the above-mentioned water absorption adjusting means regarding the water absorption adjusting before applying the polymer cement mortar or the cationic mortar to the fiber-reinforced cement plate. The water absorption adjustment by spraying water on the buried panel 10 takes into consideration the amount of water that evaporates by the time the concrete raw material is placed, and is preferably immediately before assembling the buried panel 10 at the construction site and / or. Performed once or several times after assembly. On the other hand, the water absorption adjustment by applying the water absorption adjusting agent to the buried panel 10 can be performed at an arbitrary time from the time when the buried panel 10 is manufactured to before the concrete is placed at the construction site. The water absorption adjustment may be performed once, the water absorption adjustment by the same means may be performed a plurality of times, or a plurality of different means may be performed between the time when the buried panel 10 is manufactured and the time before the concrete is placed at the construction site. The water absorption adjustment by the above means may be performed once or a plurality of times for each means.

In addition, when the concrete raw material is placed after assembling the buried panel 10 at the construction site, if there is an existing concrete part (floor, wall, etc.) or the like where water is easily absorbed, these are used. The same water absorption adjustment as above may be performed at the location.

In the construction of the concrete wall 70, the first concrete placing step is then performed as shown in FIG. 8 (b). Specifically, in the concrete raw material filling section formed by the formwork Y, the concrete raw material M is brought up to the height position L1 (first height position) corresponding to the height at which the above-mentioned upper surface 71 is formed. Drive in and supply. After that, compaction for densely filling the cast concrete raw material M and surface finishing of the upper surface 71 with a trowel or the like are performed as necessary, and then the concrete M is cured through curing. Compaction can be performed using a thrust rod, rod vibrator, or formwork vibrator.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8 (c), the second concrete placing step is performed. Specifically, in the concrete raw material filling section formed by the formwork Y, the concrete raw material M is further supplied up to the height position L2 (second height position) corresponding to the height at which the above-mentioned upper surface 72 is formed. .. After that, compaction for densely filling the cast concrete raw material M and surface finishing of the upper surface 72 with a trowel or the like are performed as necessary, and then the concrete M is cured through curing. As a result, the embedded panel 10 of the formwork unit X is integrated with the concrete wall 70, and forms a side wall surface between the upper surface 71 and the upper surface 72 in the stepped structure portion thereof.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8D, a mold removing step is performed. Specifically, while leaving the embedded panel 10 of the formwork unit X on the concrete wall 70 side, the removal panel P is removed and the formwork Y is disassembled.

As described above, the concrete wall 70 having a rising step at the water return portion can be constructed.

In the construction of the concrete wall 70 performed by using the formwork unit X, as described above, the embedded panel 10 is integrated with the formed concrete wall 70 and is between the upper surface 71 and the upper surface 72 at the step portion. It forms the side wall surface of. The embedded panel 10 of the formwork unit X does not require removal work after construction. The formwork unit X provided with such an embedded panel 10 is suitable for suppressing the work, time, and cost required for the construction of the concrete wall 70, which is a concrete structure with a stepped portion.

Further, since the embedded panel 10 of the formwork unit X does not require removal work after construction as described above, it is suitable for sufficiently firmly assembling when forming the formwork Y that defines the concrete raw material filling section. Such an embedded panel 10 is suitable for suppressing the occurrence of distortion during concrete placing, and is therefore suitable for avoiding the repair work required when the removal panel P is distorted during concrete placing. The formwork unit X provided with such an embedded panel 10 is suitable for suppressing the work, time, and cost required for the construction of the concrete wall 70, which is a concrete structure with a stepped portion.

In addition, since the buried panel 10 of the formwork unit X does not require removal work after construction as described above, the buried panel 10 is at the same position as or below the planned formation position of the upper surface 71 of the concrete wall 70 in the vertical direction. It is suitable for assembling the buried panel 10 so that the lower end is located. The formwork unit X provided with such an embedded panel 10 is suitable for avoiding the formation of the concrete surplus portion described above with respect to the prior art, and the work of scraping off such a surplus portion and the subsequent operation as necessary are performed. It is suitable for avoiding the work of repairing the scraped portion, and therefore, it is suitable for suppressing the work, time, and cost required for the construction of the concrete wall 70, which is a concrete structure with a stepped portion.

Furthermore, as described above, the embedded panel 10 of the formwork unit X includes an adhesive improved surface suitable for joining with concrete after hardening on the surface 11. Such a configuration is suitable for suppressing peeling of the buried panel 10 from the cast concrete.

As described above, the formwork unit X described above is suitable for efficiently forming the concrete wall 70, which is a concrete structure with a stepped structure.

FIG. 9 shows another concrete structure construction method according to one embodiment of the present invention. This method is a method of constructing a concrete structure 80 as shown in FIG. 9D with a so-called floor step at a wiring cable installation location or a bathroom construction location. In this embodiment, the following formwork is used. It includes an assembling step, a first concrete placing step, a second concrete placing step, and a formwork removing step (in FIG. 9, each step is represented by a cross-sectional view). The concrete structure 80, which is the object of formation, has a stepped structure (floor step) between the upper surface 81 and the upper surface 82 above the upper surface 81.

In the formwork assembling step, the formwork Z is formed as shown in FIG. 9A. Specifically, at the formation location of the concrete structure 80, after arranging reinforcing bars such as vertical bars and horizontal bars, a plurality of panels are assembled, and the formwork Z defines a section to be filled with the concrete raw material. To form. The plurality of panels to be assembled include at least one in the above-mentioned form unit X, which forms a side wall surface between the removal panel P and the upper surface 81 and the upper surface 82 in the concrete structure 80 which is the object to be formed. The buried panel 10 is included. The buried panel 10 used is provided with a required number of through holes 13 by the time of assembly work. Then, the assembling work is performed on the buried panel 10 having the through hole 13. In the assembling work, two adjacent embedded panels 10 may be assembled in such a manner that they are connected together with the above-mentioned connecting tool 50A and connecting tool 50B. Further, the embedded panel 10 may be assembled in such a manner that the height is adjusted together with the height adjusting tool 60A and the height adjusting tool 60B described above.

In the embedded panel 10 in the assembled state, as shown in FIG. 3, the surface 11 including the adhesive improving surface forms an inner surface facing the concrete raw material filling section. The above-mentioned fixture 30 in the form unit X has the screw hole portion 32 of the fixture 30 and the embedded panel in a state where the end surface 31 for contacting the embedded panel is applied to the surface 11 (inner surface) of the embedded panel 10. It is in a position where it can communicate with the through hole 13 of 10. The above-mentioned screw 20 in the form unit X is inserted into the through hole 13 from the surface 12 side of the embedded panel 10 and then screwed into the screw hole portion 32 of the fixture 30 on the surface 11 side. In the present embodiment, the fixture 30 is connected to the screw structure portion at the end of the separator S, which is the assembly location side connecting member. The wider the end face 31 for contacting the buried panel in the fixture 30, the more the unintended inclination and distortion of the buried panel 10 in the assembled state tend to be suppressed. Further, in the present embodiment, the buried panel 10 is assembled so that the lower end of the buried panel 10 is located at the same position as or below the planned formation position of the upper surface 81 of the concrete structure 80 in the vertical direction. The embedded panel 10 of the formwork unit X is assembled by the above-mentioned complex cooperation of each element included in the formwork unit X.

When the adhesive-improved surface on the surface 11 of the buried panel 10 is the above-mentioned uneven molding surface or the above-mentioned mechanically roughened surface, or the adhesive-improved surface on the surface 11 of the buried panel 10 is the above-mentioned mortar cured product layer surface. However, if the effect of the preceding water absorption adjustment is insufficient, it may be necessary to adjust the water absorption of the buried panel 10 after assembling the buried panel 10 and before placing the concrete raw material. The specific method of water absorption adjustment is the same as that described above with respect to the specific method of water absorption adjustment in the construction process of the concrete wall 70.

In the construction of the concrete structure 80, the first concrete placing step is then performed as shown in FIG. 9B. Specifically, in the concrete raw material filling section formed by the formwork Z, the concrete raw material M is brought up to the height position L1 (first height position) corresponding to the height at which the above-mentioned upper surface 81 is formed. Drive in and supply. After that, compaction for densely filling the cast concrete raw material M and surface finishing of the upper surface 81 with a trowel or the like are performed as necessary, and then the concrete M is cured through curing. Compaction can be performed using a thrust rod, rod vibrator, or formwork vibrator.

Next, as shown in FIG. 9 (c), the second concrete placing step is performed. Specifically, in the concrete raw material filling section formed by the formwork Z, the concrete raw material M is further supplied up to the height position L2 (second height position) corresponding to the height at which the above-mentioned upper surface 82 is formed. .. After that, compaction for densely filling the cast concrete raw material M and surface finishing of the upper surface 82 with a trowel or the like are performed as necessary, and then the concrete M is cured through curing. As a result, the embedded panel 10 of the formwork unit X is integrated with the concrete structure 80, and forms a side wall surface between the upper surface 81 and the upper surface 82 in the stepped structure portion thereof.

Next, as shown in FIG. 9D, a mold removing step is performed. Specifically, the formwork Z is disassembled by removing the removal panel P while leaving the buried panel 10 of the formwork unit X on the concrete structure 80 side.

As described above, the concrete structure 80 having a floor step can be constructed.

In the construction of the concrete structure 80 performed by using the formwork unit X, as described above, the embedded panel 10 is integrated with the concrete structure 80 to be formed and has the upper surface 81 and the upper surface 82 at the step portion thereof. It forms the side wall surface between. The embedded panel 10 of the formwork unit X does not require removal work after construction. The formwork unit X provided with such an embedded panel 10 is suitable for suppressing the work, time, and cost required for the construction of the concrete structure 80, which is a concrete structure with a stepped portion.

Further, since the embedded panel 10 of the formwork unit X does not require removal work after construction as described above, it is suitable for sufficiently firmly assembling when forming the formwork Z that defines the concrete raw material filling section. Such an embedded panel 10 is suitable for suppressing the occurrence of distortion during concrete placing, and therefore avoids the repair work required when the removal panel P is distorted during concrete placing in the conventional construction method. Suitable for. The formwork unit X provided with such an embedded panel 10 is suitable for suppressing the work, time, and cost required for the construction of the concrete structure 80, which is a concrete structure with a stepped portion.

In addition, since the buried panel 10 of the formwork unit X does not require removal work after construction as described above, the buried panel 10 is the same as or below the planned formation position of the upper surface 81 of the concrete structure 80 in the vertical direction. It is suitable for assembling the buried panel 10 so that the lower end of the 10 is located. The formwork unit X provided with such an embedded panel 10 is suitable for avoiding the formation of the concrete surplus portion described above with respect to the prior art, and the work of scraping off such a surplus portion and the subsequent operation as necessary are performed. It is suitable for avoiding the work of repairing the scraped portion, and therefore, it is suitable for suppressing the work, time, and cost required for the construction of the concrete structure 80, which is a concrete structure with a stepped portion.

Furthermore, as described above, the embedded panel 10 of the formwork unit X includes an adhesive improved surface suitable for joining with concrete after hardening on the surface 11. Such a configuration is suitable for suppressing peeling of the buried panel 10 from the cast concrete.

As described above, the above-mentioned formwork unit X is suitable for efficiently forming the concrete structure 80 having a stepped structure.

FIG. 10 partially represents a modification of the concrete structure construction method shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.

When the concrete structure of the object to be formed includes a convex structure portion as its step structure, as shown in FIG. 10A, in the above-mentioned formwork assembly step of the concrete structure construction method shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. A pair of buried panels 10 arranged apart from each other are assembled to the required number of sets and the ridge structure forming portion (FIG. 10 (a) shows only a pair of buried panels 10 in the formwork). .. As shown in FIG. 10B, for example, the concrete structure of the object to be formed in this modification has a pair of side wall surfaces facing opposite sides between the upper surface 91 and the upper surface 92 above the upper surface 91. The ridge structure portion 93 is included.

For example, using a formwork including the buried panel 10 assembled in the arrangement shown in FIG. 10A in the ridge structure forming portion, the first and second described above with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9 are used. A concrete structure including the ridge structure portion 93 can be formed by going through the concrete placing step and the formwork removing step. The ridge structure portion 93 to be formed is accompanied by an embedded panel 10 forming a side wall surface thereof.

Even in such a construction method, the same technical effect as described above can be obtained with respect to the formwork unit X including the buried panel 10. Therefore, such a construction method is suitable for efficiently forming a concrete structure having a convex structure portion 93 forming a stepped structure.

FIG. 11 partially represents another modification of the concrete structure construction method shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.

When the concrete structure of the object to be formed includes a convex structure portion as its step structure, in the formwork assembly step of the concrete structure construction method shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a part of a plurality of side wall surfaces of the convex structure portion or One or two or more embedded panels 10 for forming the whole are assembled to the convex structure forming portion. FIG. 11A exemplifies a state in which four embedded panels 10 for forming all the side wall surfaces forming the entire circumference of the convex structure portion are assembled to the convex structure forming portion (FIG. 11A). 11 (a) shows only one set of buried panels 10 in the formwork). As shown in FIG. 11B, for example, the concrete structure of the object to be formed in this modification is a convex structure having a plurality of side wall surfaces forming the entire circumference between the upper surface 91 and the upper surface 92 above the upper surface 91. Part 94 is included.

Using a formwork including the buried panel 10 assembled in the arrangement shown in FIG. 11A in the convex structure forming portion, the first and second concrete castings described above with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9 are used. A concrete structure including the convex structure portion 94 can be formed by going through the setting process and the formwork removing step. The convex structure portion 94 to be formed is accompanied by an embedded panel 10 forming a side wall surface thereof.

Even in such a construction method, the same technical effect as described above can be obtained with respect to the formwork unit X including the buried panel 10. Therefore, such a construction method is suitable for efficiently forming a concrete structure having a convex structure portion 94 forming a stepped structure.

[Concrete structure repair method]
The method for repairing a concrete structure of the present invention is a method for repairing a concrete structure by placing concrete using the formwork unit X.
The fixture 30 is screwed onto the surface (preferably on the surface 11) of the buried panel 10 to assemble the formwork unit X, and the fixture 30 of the assembled formwork unit X and the surface to be repaired of the concrete structure. In step 1', which forms a formwork by connecting the connecting member S extending in the surface direction of the formwork unit.
It is characterized by including a step 2'of filling the formed mold with a concrete raw material.

Step 1'will be described with reference to FIG. In the step 1', the formwork unit X is arranged so as to face the surface to be repaired 103 and the concrete filling section 110 of the concrete structure (window frame 102 in FIG. 19), and is connected to the fixture 30 of the formwork unit X. By connecting to the other end of the member S, the formwork unit X can be fixed to form a formwork.

The connecting member S is a member corresponding to the above-mentioned connecting member on the assembly site side, and one end of the connecting member S covers the embedded panel 10 of the formwork unit X with respect to the concrete structure. It is fixed to the repair surface 103 side, and the other end extends in the direction of the surface 11 of the form unit X.

As a method of fixing one end of the connecting member S to the repaired surface 103 side of the concrete structure, for example, one end of the connecting member S is embedded in the repaired surface 103 of the concrete structure, so-called anchor bolt. May be formed, one end of the connecting member S may be welded and fixed to an iron member such as a steel frame or a reinforcing bar, or the other end of the rod-shaped member may be iron such as a steel frame or a reinforcing bar via a connecting metal fitting. It may be connected to a member. Further, when the hook is attached to the other end of the connecting member S or when the other end of the connecting member S is bent like a hook, the hook exists inside the concrete filling section 110. It may be connected by hooking it on an iron member such as a steel frame or a reinforcing bar or another connecting member S.

According to the concrete structure repair method of the present invention, since the formwork unit X that is easy to assemble and does not need to be removed after construction is used, the work, time, and cost required for repairing the concrete structure can be reduced. Can be reduced. In addition, when the surface to be repaired of the concrete structure is a wall, ceiling, etc., in the conventional construction method, if the concrete is applied thickly at one time, it may peel off. However, according to the concrete structure repair method of the present invention, the concrete structure was firmly fixed to the foundation part of the concrete structure, the steel frame forming the frame, etc. A concrete structure repair portion having a predetermined thickness can be formed only by filling the concrete filling section formed by the formwork unit X once with concrete.

In addition, when the surface to be repaired of the concrete structure is a side wall surface such as a wall or a downward surface such as the bottom surface of a ceiling or a beam, the conventional construction method is a concrete structure repaired part after hardening due to an earthquake or the like. Was peeled off or collapsed, but in the concrete structure construction method of the present invention, as described above, the mold unit X is firmly fixed to the foundation part, the steel frame forming the frame, and the like. Covers the surface of the concrete structure, so that it is possible to prevent the repaired portion from peeling off or collapsing due to an earthquake or the like.

The "concrete structure repair part" is a part formed by repair on the surface to be repaired of the concrete structure, and the concrete structure repair part formed by the concrete structure repair method of the present invention is , Formwork unit X and concrete.

Further, in the concrete structure repair construction method of the present invention, since the formwork unit X is used, the strength of the repaired portion is maintained even if the reinforcement is not arranged as densely as in the conventional case or even if the reinforcement is omitted. Can be done. Therefore, by lowering the bar arrangement density or omitting the bar arrangement, the concrete raw material can be smoothly filled in the formwork, and compaction is performed by using a thrust rod, a rod-shaped vibrator, or a formwork vibrator. Is also easy. As a result, it is possible to suppress the generation of bean boards (so-called junkers) in the repaired portion, and it is possible to finish beautifully and firmly.

[Concrete structure]
The concrete structure of the present invention is characterized in that the buried panel 10 included in the formwork unit X forms at least one surface selected from the upper surface, the lower surface, and the side surface of the concrete structure. The upper surface includes an oblique upper surface, and the lower surface includes an oblique lower surface.

The concrete structure of the present invention includes a concrete structure including a convex structure portion protruding upward, downward, or laterally, and a concrete structure including a convex structure portion protruding upward, downward, or laterally. The concrete structure of the present invention is, for example, at least one structure selected from concrete stairs, thresholds, beams, window frames, ceilings, floors, columns, walls, retaining walls, parapets, and pedestals. ..

In the concrete structure of the present invention, at least one surface in which the formwork unit X firmly fixed to the foundation portion of the concrete structure, the steel frame forming the frame, or the like is selected from the upper surface, the lower surface, and the side surface of the concrete structure is formed. Since it covers the concrete, there is no risk of the concrete peeling off, and it is possible to prevent the concrete from collapsing due to an earthquake or the like. Further, the surface 12 of the buried panel 10 included in the formwork unit X is exposed on the surface of the concrete structure, but when the surface 12 is formed with, for example, a decorative surface, it has a beautiful appearance.

X Formwork Unit Y, Z Formwork S Separator 10 Embedded Panel 11, 12 Surface 13 Through Hole of Embedded Panel 14 Anchor Bolt 20 Screw 30 Fixture 30A Pedestal 30B Nut Part 31 End Face 32 Screw Hole Part 34, 35, 36, 37 Nut part 38 Threaded part 41, 42, 44, 45 Separator with screw structure 46 Bending type separator with screw structure 43, 47, 48 Connecting bracket 50A, 50B Connector 51, 53 Flat plate 52, 54 Fastening Material 60A, 60B Height adjuster 61,64 Receiving member 62,65 Leg member 63,66 Connecting bracket 70 Concrete wall 71,72 Top surface 80 Concrete structure 81, 82 Top surface 91, 92 Top surface 93 Convex structure 94 Convex structure Part 100 Beam 101 Ceiling 102 Window frame 103 Concrete structure to be repaired 110 Concrete raw material filling section 120 Main body made of convex member 121 Cylindrical hole 122 of pedestal 123 Through screw hole 124 Screw hole 125 Consisting of tubular member Body 126 Screw holes in the nut part 127 Formwork or reinforcement

Claims (23)

With at least one buried panel and at least one fixture,
The fixture has an end face for contacting the buried panel, is a fixture screwed to the buried panel at the end face, and is a fixture that can be connected to a connecting member on the assembly site side. Installation formwork unit. The formwork unit according to claim 1, wherein the embedded panel has a through hole for screwing a fixture. The formwork unit according to claim 1, wherein the embedded panel has a mark on at least one surface indicating a portion where a through hole is to be formed for screwing the fixture. The fixture is a convex member having an end face for contacting the buried panel, and when the buried panel is assembled on the side opposite to the end face to form a formwork, the buried panel is designated. The formwork unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which has a connecting means fixed at a position. The fixture is a convex member having an end face for contacting the buried panel, and when the buried panel is assembled on the side opposite to the end face to form a concrete filling section, the concrete filling section is formed. The formwork unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a means for connecting to a connecting member extending from the inside of the embedded panel in the surface direction of the embedded panel. The fixtures 1 to 5 include a main body made of a convex member, a flange for contacting an embedded panel provided at one end of the main body, and a screw hole on the other end side shaft portion of the main body. The formwork unit described in any one of. The fixture includes a pedestal portion having a flange for contacting an embedded panel at one end of a main body made of a tubular member, and a nut portion, and the nut portion is fitted and inserted into a tubular hole of the pedestal portion. The formwork unit according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The formwork unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein among the surfaces of the buried panel, the surface installed toward the inside of the concrete filling section includes an adhesive improving surface. The formwork unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein among the surfaces of the buried panel, the surface installed toward the outside of the concrete filling section includes an adhesive improving surface and / or a decorative surface. The formwork unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a connecting tool for connecting two adjacent embedded panels in a flush manner. The formwork unit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising a connecting tool for connecting two adjacent embedded panels in a row in a manner orthogonal to each other. The formwork unit according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising a height adjuster for adjusting the height position of the embedded panel. A method of placing concrete using the formwork unit according to any one of claims 1 to 12 to construct a concrete structure.
Step 1 of assembling the formwork unit by screwing the fixture on the surface of the buried panel, arranging the assembled formwork unit in a predetermined position, and defining a section to be filled with the concrete raw material. When,
Step 2 of forming the formwork by fixing the arranged formwork unit with the fixture,
A method for constructing a concrete structure, which comprises step 3 of supplying a concrete raw material into the formed formwork. In the step 2, the formwork unit is fixed by connecting the fixture of the arranged formwork unit and the connecting member extending from the inside of the concrete filling section in the surface direction of the formwork unit. , The concrete structure construction method according to claim 13. The concrete structure construction method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the concrete structure is a structure including a convex structure portion. The concrete structure construction method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the concrete structure is a structure including a convex structure portion. 13. The concrete structure is made of concrete and is at least one structure selected from stairs, thresholds, beams, window frames, ceilings, floors, columns, walls, retaining walls, parapets, and pedestals. The concrete structure construction method according to any one of 16 to 16. A method of repairing a concrete structure by placing concrete using the formwork unit according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
The formwork unit is assembled by screwing the fixture onto the surface of the buried panel, and extends from the assembled formwork unit fixture and the surface to be repaired of the concrete structure toward the surface of the formwork unit. Step 1'to form a formwork by connecting the connecting members,
A method for repairing a concrete structure, which includes a step 2'of supplying a concrete raw material into the formed formwork. A construction method for forming a concrete structure including a stepped structure between a first upper surface and a second upper surface higher than the first upper surface by using the formwork unit according to any one of claims 1 to 12. hand,
A plurality of panels including the at least one embedded panel in the form unit, which forms a side wall surface between the first upper surface and the second upper surface in the step structure, are assembled to obtain a concrete raw material. The process of forming a formwork that defines the compartment to be filled,
A step of supplying the concrete raw material to the first height position corresponding to the first upper surface formation height in the section, and
A method for constructing a concrete structure, which comprises a step of supplying a concrete raw material to a second height position corresponding to a second upper surface forming height in the section. The concrete structure construction method according to claim 19, wherein in the formwork, the lower end position of the embedded panel is the same as or lower than the first height position in the vertical direction. The concrete structure includes a ridge structure having a pair of side wall surfaces facing opposite sides between the first upper surface and the second upper surface above the first upper surface.
The concrete structure construction according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the formwork includes at least a pair of the embedded panels assembled separately to form the pair of side wall surfaces of the convex structure portion. Method. The concrete structure includes a convex structure portion having a plurality of side wall surfaces forming the entire circumference between the first upper surface and the second upper surface above the first upper surface.
According to any one of claims 19 to 21, the formwork includes one or more of the embedded panels for forming a part or all of the plurality of side wall surfaces of the convex structure portion. The described concrete structure construction method. A concrete structure in which the buried panel included in the formwork unit according to any one of claims 1 to 12 forms at least one surface selected from the upper surface, the lower surface, and the side surface of the concrete structure.

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