JPH05230913A - Form made of precast concrete and concrete placing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To construct bodies in various shapes by using a wood form material when a body, such as a wall and a floor, is constructed, eliminates a finish work for the surface of a constructed wall, shorten a term of works and enables construction of a body of high quality. CONSTITUTION:PC forms 10.1-10.n formed of a concrete sheet precast on a sheet a surface 10.a of which is finished in a smooth state are assembled by means of a coupling metal 13, and a wall in which concrete is placed is constructed in a concrete placing space 40. Only by removing batter materials 33 and 34 after construction, a wall the surface of which is finished is completed by using the PC forms 10.1-10.n serving as a finish material.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is used as a formwork when constructing a concrete wall or foundation of a building, and at the same time constructs a wall surface of the wall, foundation or the like. The present invention relates to a thin plate-shaped precast concrete formwork and a concrete placing method for defining a space for concrete placement using the precast concrete formwork.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, building forms used for building concrete walls such as condominiums and buildings are
Lauan plywood from tropical forest, which is easy to process, is often used. However, in recent years, logging of Lauan timber has been restricted from the viewpoint of conservation of the global environment, and it is an urgent task to develop a construction method for constructing wall surfaces without using planks cut from such tropical forests. ing. Further, in order to assemble a wooden formwork, it is necessary to have at least about 5 years of experience and a skilled formworker, but in recent years it has become difficult to secure such a skilled workman. In addition, a large number of construction parts are required for assembling and disassembling the formwork, so that the site is easily confused and often becomes a messy site. Under such circumstances, P as shown in FIG.
The C block method has been developed and is used in hotels and condominiums. This PC block construction method is 100-1
This is a method of stacking precast concrete blocks (PC blocks) 21 having a thickness of about 50 mm or more and assembling a control panel material 22 inside the blocks. PC
In the block method, a space 24 is formed between the PC block 21 and the control panel material 22.
After the reinforcement processing 23 is applied to 4, the wall 20 is constructed by injecting concrete. Then, the control panel material 22 is removed and the wall is completed. In such a PC block construction method, while the PC block 21 forms one surface of the mold,
Since the outer surface of the wall is constructed after construction, there is no need to finish the outer surface, so the construction period for the wall surface can be shortened, and the form material can be reduced.

[0003]

However, as the control panel material 22 for defining the inner surface of the wall, wood such as plywood is often used to form various shapes. , Used several times and then discarded. In addition, it also takes time to dismantle these control panel materials 22 after the wall 20 is constructed. Although it is possible to use an iron plate as the control panel material 22 instead of wood, it is difficult to perform on-site processing and it is difficult to flexibly deal with walls, columns, etc. designed in various shapes. Also, the PC block 21 has a large width in order to retain strength by arranging the reinforcing bars 24 inside, and has a large area per sheet in order to reduce the price by unitizing by precasting,
It is a very heavy block. Therefore, the PC block method can be adopted only at a construction site where a large crane such as a hotel or a building can be used. Further, since the weight is too large, there is a problem that the weight of the building increases and the building foundation becomes large, and that connection work with the PC block reinforcing bar is difficult.

On the other hand, there is also a construction method in which stones having a width of about 300 mm are piled up without using any formwork on the wall, but there are many problems such as high construction cost and poor design flexibility. .. There is also a method of constructing a wall using asbestos cement plates, which are used for interiors, as a form, but it is difficult to secure strength compared to the thickness, and many are used to support the form. Must use flap material. Therefore, there is a problem in that the effect of shortening the process is poor and the strength is insufficient, so that distortion or the like is likely to occur even when the wall is constructed. In addition, it is difficult to use asbestos, cement board, etc. as a board material at the construction site, and if there is an excess or deficiency of the material, there are many problems such as a process delay and spoiling the aesthetics of the wall due to additional ..

Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present invention is light enough to be handled in a normal construction site, has sufficient strength, and shortens the process for constructing a wall or the like. The aim is to realize a possible formwork.

[0006]

In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, a form is formed using a thin concrete plate. That is, the formwork according to the present invention is a precast concrete formwork made of a precast thin plate-like concrete plate member, and at least one surface of the concrete plate member is a finished surface usable as a wall surface. I am trying.
Further, the concrete plate member is preferably a separator setting concrete plate member having a plurality of small-diameter holes penetrating in the thickness direction of the concrete plate member, and the wire in the approximately middle of the thickness direction. It is effective to use a reinforced concrete plate member having a mesh embedded therein. Furthermore, when manufacturing such concrete plate members, a joint that connects the precast concrete formwork to each other, an anchor setting insert that prevents separation of the precast concrete formwork, an embedded metalwork for electric wire construction, and piping By embedding the sleeves, etc., efficient and economical skeleton work can be performed at the construction site.

[0007] Then, by using the precast concrete formwork as at least a part, there is a driving space defining step for defining a space for driving concrete, without using wood. Therefore, it is possible to inexpensively and accurately construct a wall or the like.

[0008]

The thin plate-shaped precast concrete formwork according to the present invention is thin and therefore light in weight and easy to move and assemble on site. And since it is made of concrete, the strength as a formwork can be sufficiently retained, and in order to further enhance the strength and prevent cracks, cracks, etc., it is possible to use a reinforced concrete plate member in which a wire mesh is embedded. It is possible. Therefore, by using such a precast concrete formwork to define a space for driving concrete, a formwork using wood becomes unnecessary.

Further, since the precast concrete formwork according to the present invention is constituted by using a thin plate-shaped concrete plate member, this concrete plate member is easily manufactured by using a precast pallet having a smooth surface. can do. Therefore, at least one surface of the precast concrete formwork is finished along the surface of the pallet that is smooth when precast. Therefore, it is possible to construct a wall by using the finished surface of this precast concrete formwork as a wall surface, floor surface, etc., and the work of disassembling the formwork material can be omitted, and the construction process can be shortened. Further, since there is no collection and dispersion of the form material, it is easy to tidy up the construction site. In addition, since the finishing of the wall surface etc. has already been almost completed, the work at high places after the wall construction has been reduced, the risk is high, the sergeant work with poor work efficiency is simplified, and the process is further improved. Can be shortened.

Further, since the precast concrete formwork according to the present invention is made of the same material as concrete which is a main member constituting walls, floors, etc., it is familiar and has the same physical property values. It is possible to prevent peeling and cracking and improve the quality of walls and the like.
Furthermore, a precast concrete formwork consisting of a separator-setting concrete plate member having a plurality of small-diameter holes penetrating in the thickness direction of the concrete plate member allows the space to drive concrete with the separator to be accurately specified. The wall thickness, floor thickness, etc. are highly accurate, and high quality walls can be constructed. In addition, when precasting a precast concrete formwork, if an insert with an anchor setting hole that is internally threaded is embedded, the adhesion with concrete that is driven using the anchor is further increased and peeled off. It is possible to construct a wall without a wall.

Since the precast concrete formwork according to the present invention is made of concrete, it can be easily manufactured on site. Therefore, it is possible to shorten the construction period by manufacturing the precast concrete formwork in advance, and at the same time, it is possible to flexibly adapt to various shapes of walls, pillars, floors, etc. and rework at the site, and manufacture efficiently. , Can be done neatly.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 5 show an example of a manufacturing process of a precast concrete formwork (hereinafter referred to as PC formwork) according to this embodiment. First, the partition plate 2 is installed on the pallet 1 shown in FIG. The pallet 1 for manufacturing the PC mold of this example is a mold for manufacturing a plate material having a rectangular shape having a length and width of about 2 m, and a depth of about 25 mm. Then, a partition plate 2 is installed in the pallet 1 in order to manufacture the required size of the PC form, and the outer shape of the PC form is determined. Therefore, the thickness of the PC formwork manufactured using this pallet 1 is about 25 mm so as not to give an extra load to the architectural design, and is substantially the same as the thickness of the mortar used for finishing general walls and the like. equal.

As shown in FIG. 2, a reinforcing wire mesh 3, a spacer 4 for preventing the wire mesh 3 from being lifted up, and PC molds are provided on a pallet 1 whose outer shape is defined by a partition plate 2. A joint 5 for stopping, a perforating member 6 for forming a hole for installing a separator, and an embedded metal 7 for installing an outlet, a telephone line, etc. are set at predetermined positions. These can be set on the wooden pallet 1 by setting nail tips for setting on the main body or by using plastic nails. The wire mesh 3 has a diameter of about 5 mm and is 1
About 00 mesh is used, and it is a thin plate P
This is to reinforce the C form and prevent cracks and cracks from occurring. The spacer 4 is installed to fix a reinforcing wire mesh in a thin concrete plate like the PC formwork of this example, and has a structure capable of limiting the vertical movement of the wire mesh. There is.
Further, the spacer 4 is provided with holes 11 for setting anchors, which will be described later, and is set to have a pitch of about 60 cm. The structure of this spacer 4 is as follows:
147 for further details. Also, joint 5
Is for fixing a plurality of PC molds to each other, and a connection hole 12 is formed on the main body of the substantially rectangular parallelepiped by female threading. Then, the joint 5 is set around the PC form at a predetermined pitch. Therefore, this connecting hole 1
It is possible to install the metal fittings for connection using 2, and it becomes easy to assemble a plurality of PC formwork on site. The structure of this joint 5 is disclosed in detail in Japanese Patent Application No. 4-5149 filed by the present applicant. The punching material 6 is for punching a hole for installing a separator, which will be described later, and in this example, a punching material having a columnar shape with a nail tip for setting is formed. The embedded metal 7 is, for example, a metal for securing a space for burying an outlet in a wall, and in this example, therefore, one has a depth of about 25 mm, which is approximately the same as the thickness of the PC formwork. Set a rectangular parallelepiped metal object with an open end.

After setting the wire mesh 3, the spacer 4 and the like at predetermined positions, concrete 8 is poured into the pallet 1 as shown in FIG. 3 to form a PC form 10 as shown in FIG. .. Since the pallet 1 has a smooth surface, the surface 10a of the PC mold facing the pallet is finished in a flat shape. On the other hand, this surface 10a
The surface 10b into which the concrete 8 facing the
As will be described later, this is the surface that comes into contact with the concrete when using the PC formwork, and considering the adhesiveness to the concrete, it is sufficient to level the surface with a vibrator, etc. It doesn't take. Further, in order to improve the mass productivity of the PC form, both sides may be finished, and even such a PC form can secure sufficient adhesive force by using an anchor or the like. .. Then, after curing for a predetermined time, the PC mold 10 can be removed from the pallet 1 to manufacture the PC mold 10 as shown in FIG.

Therefore, in the manufactured PC form 10, first, the connection holes 12 for connection are formed at regular intervals, and the connection fittings 13 are set in the connection holes 12 by the bolts 14. You can And this connecting fitting 13
By connecting the other end of the to the connecting hole of another PC form,
Multiple PC formwork can be assembled. Also, PC
A separator setting hole 15 formed by the perforating material 6 is provided at a predetermined position of the mold 10, and the separator 15 can be set using this hole 15. Separator 1
Reference numeral 6 is for maintaining a constant interval between the two PC molds 10 installed in parallel, and has a funnel-shaped introduction portion 16b formed on both sides of the rod 16a, and the inside thereof is internally threaded. Has been done. The separator 16 can be fixed from the outside of the PC form 10 to the separator setting hole 15 by a fixing tool 17 having a male screw end. The structure of the separator 16 and the fixture 17 is disclosed in detail in Japanese Patent Application No. 4-5148 filed by the present applicant.

Further, in the place where the spacer is set,
An anchor setting hole 11 formed in the spacer is prepared, and an anchor 18 is provided in this hole 11 for the PC form 1.
By setting from the back surface side 10b of 0, it is possible to prevent the wall formed by the PC mold 10 from being separated from the PC mold 10. Further, as the embedded metal 7, a commercially available box for electric wire construction can be used, and by installing this box, it is possible to easily insert the outlet 19 at a construction site, electricity, or telephone. Wiring work such as can be done. And
Since the surface 10a of the PC form 10 is finished smooth by the pallet 1, it can be used as it is for a wall surface or the like.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 6 to 10, a manner of constructing a wall using the PC mold 10 manufactured as described above will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of PC molds 10.1 to 10. Set n. P in this example
The C-frame 10 has a thickness of about 25 mm, and the weight of one sheet is about 300 kg.

Therefore, it can be easily set using the crane 30 used at a construction site such as a house. In addition, the PC formwork 10 manufactured as described above has sufficient strength, and since it is possible to hang the wire 31 around the PC formwork and hold it horizontally, a special tool for holding it sideways is not required. Assembly in the field is very simple. These multiple P
C-form 10.1-10. n are installed parallel to each other with a distance secured as a wall thickness between adjacent PC formwork, for example, 1
The connecting holes 12 of 0.3 and 10.5 are connected using the connecting fitting 13. And these PC formwork 10.1-1
0. The reinforcing bars 32 for reinforcing the wall are assembled in the concrete driving space 40 formed by n.

FIG. 7 shows the PC molds 10.1 to 10. It shows how the separator 16 is set by the fixture 17 in order to ensure the distance of the concrete driving space 40 formed by n, that is, the wall thickness with high accuracy. Note that, in order to clearly show how the separator 16 is installed, the reinforcing bars assembled in the concrete driving space 40 are not shown. In the PC mold 10 of this example, four separator setting holes 15 are prepared in one mold. Therefore, the four separators 16 are set between the PC molds 10.1 and 10.2 forming both sides of the wall, and the intervals between the PC molds 10.1 and 10.2 are firmly and accurately maintained. You can Therefore, it is possible to construct a wall having a uniform thickness against the side pressure generated when the concrete is poured. The separator 16 is fixed by a fixture 17 inserted through the separator setting hole 15. Further, since the funnel-shaped introducing portion 16b is formed in the separator 16, the tip of the fixing tool 17 on which the male screw is formed is the setting hole 15.
The separator 16 can be automatically fixed at a predetermined position by being inserted from. Further, the fixing tool 17 can fix the separator 16 and also the flutter materials 33 and 34 supporting the PC form from the surface 10a of the PC form 10 at the same time. Therefore, the PC molds 10.1 to 10. n
Is supported from the surface by a vertical flap member 33 made of a pipe and a horizontal flap member 34 made of a pipe, and the positional relationship set by the connecting fitting 13 and the separator 16 can be maintained. In addition, in the direction in which the separator 16 is set, from the anchor setting hole 11 to the anchor 18
Can also be set.

In FIG. 8, PC molds 10.1 to 10. It is shown that n is supported by the vertical flap material 33 and the horizontal flap material 34. In this way, the PC molds 10.1 to 10. The concrete for building frame 35 is driven into the concrete driving space 40 in which the reinforcing bars 32 are assembled and which is formed by n, and a wall is constructed. As shown in this figure, PC formwork 10.1
And 10.2 with windows 41 and also with PC formwork 10.5
A window 42 can be formed in and 10.6. As described above, the PC form 10 includes the pallet 1 and the partition plate 2.
Since it can be easily manufactured on-site,
In addition to this, it is possible to easily realize molds having various shapes corresponding to doors and the like, and it is possible to construct walls having various shapes.

In FIG. 9, PC molds 10.1 to 10. A wall constructed using n is shown. PC formwork of this example 10.
1-10. n can be used as it is as a wall surface.

Therefore, in FIG. 8, the wall can be completed only by removing the fixture 17, the flaps 33, 34, and the connecting fitting 13 after a predetermined curing period has passed after the concrete for building frame 35 has been cast. Therefore, it is not necessary to dismantle the formwork as in the conventional formwork method, and the wall can be completed in a very short period of time. Also, PC formwork 10.1
-10. Since the surface of n has already been finished, it requires less cop work, is safe, and can finish the work in a short period of time. Further, in the spacer 4, the joint 5 and the like used in the PC mold of this example, the main body exposed on the surface of the PC mold 10 is formed of resin such as plastic. Therefore, even when the surface of the PC form is coated, the coating can be performed as it is. Also, rust does not occur on the wall surface due to rain or the like.

FIG. 10 shows a cross section of a wall constructed using the PC form 10 of this example. A heat insulating material 36 can be attached to the inner surface of the PC mold 10.1 forming the outer wall, and the PC mold 10 of this example can be used to construct walls of various configurations. Also, the PC form 10.
The anchor 18 set to 1 is the frame concrete 35
It is also possible to connect with a reinforcing bar 32 that reinforces the wall body configured by, and further, in the PC form 10,
Since the anchor 18 is connected to the spacer 4 that supports the wire mesh 3, it is possible to substantially completely prevent the PC mold 10 from being separated from the wall body. Further, the separator setting hole 15 after the fixing tool 17 is removed can be a small diameter hole because the separator 16 of this example has the funnel-shaped introduction portion 16b. Therefore, after constructing the wall,
The hole 15 can be easily closed by the caulking material 37.

In FIG. 11, using the PC form 10 of this example,
It shows how to construct a floor, a ceiling from a wall. In this example, the PC formwork 10.10 and 10.12 are
In order to assemble the molds 10.14 and 10.15 at right angles, the connecting holes 12 prepared in these PC molds 10.10 to 10.15 are connected using the L-shaped connecting fittings 13a. .. Then, the connecting holes 12 of the PC molds 10.10 and 10.4 assembled in the same direction as described above are fixed by using the plate-like connecting fitting 13.
By assembling a plurality of PC molds at right angles and in parallel in this way, it is possible to easily assemble a mold for constructing a wall surface, a floor surface, a ceiling surface, or the like.

Then, the reinforcing bars 32 are incorporated in the concrete driving space 40 formed by the PC formwork 10 in the same manner as described above, and the space concrete 3 is incorporated in the space 40.
By driving 5 in, the wall, floor, and ceiling can be integrated. In particular, in this example, a concrete PC form 1 reinforced by a wire mesh 3
Since the formwork is constructed using 0, the formwork itself has sufficient strength even when constructing a ceiling or the like,
Less support material is required. Further, distortion of the ceiling, floor, etc. is unlikely to occur, and a high-quality floor or the like can be constructed. Of course, as with the wall, the floor and ceiling can be completed simply by removing the flap material, the fixture, and the connecting fitting 13, and the construction period can be greatly shortened. As with the wall surface, the floor and ceiling surfaces have already been finished, so it is possible to significantly reduce the upward work at a high place for finishing the ceiling surface. The steps of installing the separator and driving the concrete into concrete are the same as those of the wall construction described above, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 12 shows the PC formwork 10.20-1 of this example.
It shows how to construct a column using 0.22. Also when constructing a pillar, the PC formwork 10.20 to 10.2 of this example
2 can be assembled at a right angle, and these PC formwork 10.20 can be obtained by using the L-shaped connecting metal fitting 13b like the floor and the ceiling.
The connecting holes 12 prepared in the order of 10.22 are connected.
Then, the anchor 18 is set in the center direction of the column from the anchor fixing hole 11 of each PC formwork 10.20 to 10.22, and the separator setting hole 15 is used to hold the dimension of the column. 16 may be set by the fixture 17. In this way, concrete pillars can be constructed by driving concrete for the frame into the concrete driving space 40 defined in a columnar shape using the PC form in the same manner as described above. Since the surface of this pillar is composed of a PC form, there is almost no need to finish the officer's seat like the floor and the wall, and the construction period can be shortened.

Further, similarly to the pillar, a beam or the like can be easily constructed by using the PC form of this embodiment. Furthermore, since the PC formwork of this example can be easily manufactured even in the field, it is also possible to prepare a notch 38 as shown in FIG. It can also be manufactured. Of course, it is also possible to manufacture a unitized PC form and significantly reduce the construction period.

As described above, the PC formwork of this example can be used as a formwork and finishing material, and by constructing walls and floors using this PC formwork, the construction period can be greatly shortened. it can. Also, the PC formwork of this example is thin and light,
It is easy to handle and can be used at any construction site. Also, since there is no need to dismantle the formwork material, there is also an advantage that the site can be kept clean even during the time when concrete on site, which tends to become dirty, is poured. Furthermore, since it is possible to perform formwork without using wood resources such as lauan wood, it is a resource-saving method of construction compared to conventional formwork materials that are almost disposable. Then, since the PC formwork can be used as the finishing material for the wall surface at the same time as the formwork, the sergeant work can be significantly reduced. Of course, like conventional concrete walls,
The wall surface formed by these PC molds may be finished with wallpaper, tiles, or the like.

[0030]

As described above, the precast concrete formwork and the construction method using this formwork according to the present invention allow timely construction of wall surfaces of various shapes, and moreover, protection of tropical forests, etc. It is a construction method that does not require the use of the plate material which is a problem from the above. Further, the precast concrete formwork according to the present invention also has a function as a finishing material, and it is possible to dismantle the formwork material after constructing a frame such as a wall and omit the construction period for finishing the wall surface. Is. Since the constructed wall surface is already finished in a flat shape, it is not necessary to secure a skilled formworker required to obtain such a flat surface for launching concrete. In this way, by using this precast concrete formwork, it is possible to significantly shorten the construction process for walls, floors, etc. while maintaining quality.

Further, by using a reinforcing member such as a wire mesh, it is possible to realize a form material that is thin but has sufficient strength, and can be used with peace of mind when constructing a ceiling or floor. There are many advantages, such as the fact that less flapping material is required when constructing walls. Since the formwork material according to the present invention is made of concrete often used at a construction site, it can be manufactured at the site. Therefore, it is a form material and a construction method capable of immediately responding to the situation at the site and flexibly responding to various requests.

As described above, by using the precast concrete formwork according to the present invention, it is possible to easily construct high quality structural members such as walls and floors in a short period of time without wasting wood. it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a process of setting a partition plate on a pallet in order to manufacture a PC mold according to this embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which a wire mesh or the like is set on the pallet shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing how concrete is poured into the pallet shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a PC form manufactured on a pallet.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for connecting a manufactured PC mold and a separator or the like used when setting the PC mold on site.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing how a PC form is installed on a construction site.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing how a PC form is assembled using a separator or the like.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an assembled PC form.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a wall constructed using a PC form.

10 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the wall shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing how a floor and a ceiling are constructed using a PC form.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a pillar is constructed using a PC form.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a construction method using a conventional PC block.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ・ ・ ・ Pallet 2 ・ ・ ・ Partition plate 3 ・ ・ ・ Wire mesh 4 ・ ・ ・ Spacer 5 ・ ・ ・ Joint 6 ・ ・ ・ Punching material 7 ・ ・ ・ Embedded metal 8 ・ ・ ・ Concrete 10 ・ ・ ・ PC Formwork 11 ... Anchor setting hole 12 ... Connection hole 13 ... Connection hardware 14 ... Bolt 15 ... Separator setting hole 16 ... Separator 17 ... Fixing tool 18 ... Anchor 19 ... Outlet 20 ... Wall 21 ... PC block 22 ... Control panel material 23, 32 ... Reinforcing bar 30 ... Crane 31 ... Wires 33, 34 ... Flapping material 35 ...・ Body concrete 36 ・ ・ ・ Insulating material 37 ・ ・ ・ Caulking 38 ・ ・ ・ Notches 40 ・ ・ ・ Concrete driving space

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location E04G 11/00 7040-2E

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A precast concrete formwork, which is a precast thin plate-like concrete plate member, wherein at least one surface of the concrete plate member is a finished surface usable as a wall surface. 2. The precast concrete according to claim 1, wherein the concrete plate member is a separator setting concrete plate member provided with a plurality of small-diameter holes penetrating in the thickness direction of the concrete plate member. Formwork. 3. The precast concrete formwork according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the concrete plate member is a reinforced concrete plate member in which a wire mesh is embedded substantially in the middle in the thickness direction. 4. A concrete pouring process, which comprises a precast concrete formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and has a driving space defining step for defining a space for driving concrete by using at least a part thereof. Embedded method.