JPWO2019230762A1 - How to control spot bacterial disease - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling a spot bacterial disease, which can achieve a high control effect without using a chemical agent. The method for controlling spot bacterial disease of the present invention is a method for controlling spot bacterial disease in which nanobubble water is applied to a plant.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for controlling a spot bacterial disease.

Most plant diseases are infectious diseases mainly caused by pathogenic bacteria that inhabit soil, seeds, plants, and weeds.
In particular, since it is difficult to kill soil-dwelling pathogenic bacteria with chemical agents, soil bacterial diseases (soil-borne diseases) such as spot bacterial disease and bacterial wilt are known as difficult-to-control diseases. There is.
In addition, the main chemical agents used for soil sterilization (for example, fumigants) have low selectivity for the organisms to be acted upon, and act on a wide range of organisms other than pathogens. There are concerns about the impact of the environment on living things.

In light of these circumstances and concerns, for example, Patent Document 1 states, "Cultivation of useful microorganisms and plant disease resistance-inducing substances or addition to crops and soil pH-correcting substances during the sowing and raising of seedlings of crops. A soil-borne disease control method with crop growth promotion, which is characterized by deriving the effect of promoting the growth of crops after planting in the field and suppressing the onset of soil-borne diseases. " Claim 1]).

JP-A-2015-061826

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling a spot bacterial disease, which can achieve a high control effect without using a chemical agent.

As a result of diligent studies to achieve the above problems, the present inventor has found that by applying nanobubble water to a plant, the effect of controlling spot bacterial disease can be enhanced without using a chemical agent. Completed the invention.
That is, the present inventor has found that the above problems can be achieved by the following configuration.

[1] A method for controlling bacterial spots by applying nanobubble water to a plant.
[2] The method for controlling a spot bacterial disease according to [1], wherein at least one of watering using the nanobubble water and supply of the culture solution diluted with the nanobubble water to the medium is carried out.
[3] The method for controlling a spot bacterial disease according to [1] or [2], wherein the most frequent particle size of bubbles contained in the nanobubble water is 10 to 500 nm.
[4] The spotted bacterium according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water contain at least one gas selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and ozone. How to control the disease.
[5] The method for controlling a spot bacterial disease according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the nanobubble water has 1 × 10 ⁸ to 1 × 10 ^{10 bubbles / mL.}
[6] The method for controlling a spot bacterial disease according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the plant is a fruit vegetable.
[7] The method for controlling a spot bacterial disease according to [6], wherein the plant is a tomato.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for controlling a spot bacterial disease that can achieve a high control effect without using a chemical agent.

It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the nano bubble generation apparatus. It is an image of a stem and a leaf in one tomato of Test Group I. It is an image of a stem and a leaf in one tomato of Test Group II.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The description of the constituent elements described below may be based on typical embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to such embodiments.
In the specification of the present application, the numerical range represented by using "~" means a range including the numerical values before and after "~" as the lower limit value and the upper limit value.

The method for controlling spot bacterial disease of the present invention (hereinafter, also abbreviated as "control method of the present invention") is a method for controlling spot bacterial disease in which nanobubble water is applied to a plant.
Here, as described above, "spot bacterial disease" is a kind of soil bacterial disease (soil infectious disease), and its symptom is a water-soaked polygonal shape on the leaves, peduncles or bracts of a plant. It is known that the lesions of the disease develop.
Specific examples of the spot bacterial disease include, for example, alfalfa spot bacterial disease (Xanthomonas alfalfae pv. Alfalfae); timer spot bacterial disease (Xanthomonas campestris pv. Cannabis); carrot spot bacterial disease (Xanthomonas hortorum pv. Carotae); Bacterial spot disease (Xanthomonas hortorum pv. Hederae); Xanthomonas campestris pv. Papavericola; Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Physalidicola; (Xanthomonas campestris pv. Raphani); Hima spot bacterial disease (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Ricini); Spot bacterial disease such as capsicum and tomato (Xanthomonas euvesicatoria, X. Vesicatoria); Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Vitians); Xanthomonas campestris pv. Zinniae; etc.
The nanobubble water and arbitrary components used in the control method of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[Nano bubble water]
The nanobubble water used in the control method of the present invention is water containing bubbles having a diameter of less than 1 μm, and is water mixed with the above-mentioned bubbles. The term "water mixed with the above-mentioned bubbles" is intended to exclude water containing the above-mentioned bubbles that is inevitably contained due to water used for generating nanobubble water (for example, well water containing impurities). Is.
Here, the diameter of the bubbles (particle size) contained in the nanobubble water, the most frequent particle size of the bubbles and the number of bubbles, which will be described later, determine the Brownian motion movement rate of the bubbles in the water using the nanoparticle tracking analysis method. These are the measured values, and in this specification, the values measured by the nanoparticle analysis system Nanosite Series (manufactured by NanoSight) are adopted.
In the nanoparticle analysis system Nanosite series (manufactured by NanoSight), the diameter (particle size) can be calculated from the rate of Brownian motion of particles, and the most frequent particle size exists. It can be confirmed as a mode diameter from the particle size distribution of nanoparticles.

In the present invention, the most frequent particle size of bubbles contained in the nanobubble water is preferably 10 to 500 nm, more preferably 30 to 300 nm, for the reason that the control effect of spot bacterial disease is further improved. It is more preferably 70 to 130 nm.

The gas constituting the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water is not particularly limited, but a gas other than hydrogen is preferable from the viewpoint of remaining in the water for a long time, and specifically, for example, air, oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine, and carbon dioxide. , And ozone and the like.
Of these, it is preferable to contain at least one gas selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and ozone for the reason that the control effect of spot bacterial disease is further improved, and in particular, the growth of plants grows. It is more preferable to contain oxygen because it is good and bubbles can remain for a longer period of time.
Here, the inclusion of oxygen means that the concentration is higher than the oxygen concentration in the air. The same applies to nitrogen and carbon dioxide. The oxygen concentration is preferably 30% by volume or more, preferably more than 50% by volume and 100% by volume or less in the bubbles.

^{The nanobubble water preferably has 1 × 10 8} to 1 × 10 ¹⁰ bubbles / mL for the reason that the control effect of spot bacterial disease is further improved, and in particular, the bubble formation time and the bubbles. It is more preferable to have more ^{than 1 × 10 8} bubbles / mL and less than 1 × 10 ¹⁰ bubbles / mL for the reason that the balance of persistence is good, and ^{5 × 10 8 to} 5 × 10 ⁹ It is more preferable to have cells / mL bubbles.

The nanobubble water may contain water and other components other than bubbles.
Examples of the other components include fertilizers and pesticides. The type and content of other components in nanobubble water are not particularly limited and can be selected according to the purpose.
However, in the present invention, it is preferable that the nanobubble water does not substantially contain radicals as the other components. The phrase "substantially free of radicals" is intended to exclude that radicals are inevitably contained due to the water used to generate the nanobubble water (for example, well water containing impurities). It is intended to exclude the mixing of radicals generated by some operation.
Further, since the control method of the present invention has a high control effect without using a chemical agent, the nanobubble water does not have to contain a pesticide containing a chemical agent.

Examples of the method for producing nanobubble water include a static mixer method, a Venturi method, a cavitation method, a steam agglomeration method, an ultrasonic method, a swirling flow method, a pressure melting method, and a micropore method.
Here, the control method of the present invention may have a generation step of generating the nanobubble water before applying the nanobubble water. That is, the control method of the present invention includes, for example, a generation step of taking water from a water source such as a water storage tank, a well, or agricultural water into a nanobubble generator to generate nanobubble water, and an application step of applying the generated nanobubble water. It may be a control method having. As a method of taking the water from the water source into the nanobubble generator, for example, a method of supplying the water pumped from the water source to the nanobubble generator using a tub or a pump, and between the water source and the nanobubble generator. Examples thereof include a method in which the laid channel is connected to the nanobubble generator and water is directly sent from the channel to the nanobubble generator.

Further, as the method for producing the nanobubble water, a method for producing the nanobubble water using an apparatus that does not intentionally generate radicals is preferable. Specifically, for example, [0080] to [0080] to [0080] to [0080] to [0080] to [0080] 0100] A method of generating using the nanobubble generating apparatus described in the paragraph can be mentioned. The above contents are incorporated in the present specification.

Other nanobubble generators that do not intentionally generate radicals include, for example, a liquid discharger that discharges water and a gas mixer that pressurizes and mixes gas into the water discharged from the liquid discharger. A fine bubble generator having a fine bubble generator that generates fine bubbles in water by passing water mixed with gas inside, and the gas mixing machine is the liquid discharger and the above. Examples thereof include a fine bubble generator characterized in that a gas is pressurized and mixed with a liquid flowing toward the fine bubble generator in a pressurized state among the fine bubble generators. Specifically, a method of generating using the nanobubble generating apparatus shown in FIG. 1 can be mentioned.
Here, the nano bubble generation device 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a liquid discharger 30, a gas mixer 40, and a nano bubble generation nozzle 50 inside.
Further, the liquid discharger 30 is composed of a pump, and takes in raw water (for example, well water) of nanobubble water and discharges it. The gas mixer 40 has a container 41 filled with compressed gas and a substantially tubular gas mixer main body 42, and while flowing water discharged from the liquid discharger 30 into the gas mixer main body 42, The compressed gas in the container 41 is introduced into the gas mixer main body 42. As a result, gas-mixed water is generated in the gas-mixing machine main body 42.
Further, the nanobubble generation nozzle 50 generates nanobubbles in the gas-mixed water according to the principle of pressure dissolution by passing the gas-mixed water through the inside thereof, and its structure is described in JP-A-2018-15715. The same structure as the nanobubble generation nozzle described in the above can be adopted. The nanobubble water generated in the nanobubble generation nozzle 50 is ejected from the tip of the nanobubble generation nozzle 50, then flows out from the nanobubble generation device 10, and is sent to a predetermined destination through a flow path (not shown).
As described above, in the nanobubble generation device 10, the gas mixing machine 40 is compressed into water (raw water) flowing toward the nanobubble generation nozzle 50 in a pressurized state between the liquid discharger 30 and the nanobubble generation nozzle 50. Mix gas. This makes it possible to avoid problems such as cavitation that occur when gas is mixed with water on the suction side (suction side) of the liquid discharger 30. Further, since the gas is mixed with water in a pressurized (compressed) state, the gas can be mixed against the pressure of the water at the gas mixing location. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately mix the gas into the water without generating a negative pressure at the gas mixing location.
Further, a flow path of water supplied from a water source such as a well or a water supply is connected to the suction side of the liquid discharger 30, and flows into the liquid discharger 30 from the upstream side of the liquid discharger 30 in the flow path. The water pressure (that is, the water pressure on the suction side) should be positive. In this case, the above configuration becomes more meaningful. That is, when the water pressure (suction pressure) on the upstream side of the liquid discharger 30 becomes a positive pressure, gas is mixed into the water on the downstream side of the liquid discharger 30, so that the downstream side of the liquid discharger 30 However, the configuration of the nanobubble generator 10 capable of appropriately mixing the gas with water becomes more conspicuous.

The water used to generate the nanobubble water is not particularly limited, and for example, rainwater, tap water, well water, agricultural water, distilled water and the like can be used.
Such water may have been subjected to other treatments before being subjected to the generation of nanobubble water. Other treatments include, for example, pH adjustment, precipitation, filtration, and sterilization (sterilization). Specifically, for example, when agricultural water is used, typically, agricultural water after precipitation and at least one of filtration may be used.

In the present invention, the mode of applying the nanobubble water to the plant body is not particularly limited because it differs depending on the cultivation method of the plant body. In the mode of spraying pesticides diluted with water, hydroponics (hydroponics, spray cultivation or solid medium cultivation) or hydroponic soil cultivation (simultaneous irrigation fertilization cultivation), the culture solution diluted with the above nanobubble water is used as a medium. Examples thereof include a mode of supplying the nanobubble water and a mode of watering (irrigating) the nanobubble water by itself in hydroponic cultivation.
Of these, of the watering using the nanobubble water and the supply of the culture solution diluted with the nanobubble water to the medium because the operation is simple and the control effect of the spot bacterial disease is further improved. , It is preferable to carry out at least one of them.
The method of "watering", which is one aspect of application, is not particularly limited, and when the cultivation method is soil cultivation, for example, a method of spraying water over the entire plant or a part of the plant ( For example, a method of spraying water on a stem or a leaf), a method of spraying water on the soil in which a plant is planted, and the like can be mentioned. In addition, when the cultivation method is hydroponic soil cultivation, watering may be performed by irrigation as described above.

Further, in the present invention, the application time of the nanobubble water to a plant is not particularly limited because it differs depending on the application mode and the type of the plant. For example, in the case of soil cultivation of fruits and vegetables, from sowing to harvesting. It may be applied for the entire period of the above, or only for a certain period (for example, sowing and raising seedlings).

In the present invention, the plant to which the nanobubble water is applied is not particularly limited as long as it is a plant capable of developing spot bacterial disease, and examples thereof include plants preferred by pathogenic bacteria such as Zantmona specicatoria. , Fruits and vegetables are preferably mentioned.
Specific examples of fruit vegetables include Solanaceae plants (eg, solanaceous plants, pepino, tomatoes (including cherry tomatoes), tamarilo, capsicum, shishitogarashi, habanero, peppers, paprika, and color peppers). Solanaceae plants (eg, Takanotsume), Cucurbitaceae plants (eg, pumpkin, zucchini, cucumber, tsunonigauri, white lily, bitter gourd, tomato, hayatouri, hechima, yugao, watermelon, melon, and macwauri), solanaceous plants (eg For example, solanaceous plants (such as solanaceous plants) and plants of the family Cucurbitaceae (for example, tomatoes) and the like can be mentioned.
Of these, Solanaceae plants are more preferred, eggplants or tomatoes are even more preferred, and tomatoes are particularly preferred.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. The materials, amounts used, ratios, treatment contents, treatment procedures, etc. shown in the following examples can be appropriately changed as long as they do not deviate from the gist of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as limiting by the examples shown below.

<Contents of the test>
The test was carried out in the agricultural house of tomatoes (varieties: Momotaro York, Takii seedlings) cultivated in Chuo City, Yamanashi Prefecture from August to December 2017 according to the following categories.
Test group I: Nano bubble water produced by the following method was used for diluting the culture solution in hydroponic cultivation of tomatoes (medium: rock wool).
Test Group II: Well water was used for dilution of the culture solution in hydroponic cultivation of tomatoes (medium: rock wool), and nanobubble water was not used.
Each test plot was divided into adjacent agricultural houses, and 2800 tomatoes were cultivated in each agricultural house.
The culture solution and amount were appropriately changed according to the growing condition of tomatoes, the weather, etc. according to a conventional method, but were adjusted so as to be substantially the same in both test plots. In addition, before planting tomatoes, the entire agricultural house was sterilized and disinfected with chlorine-based chemicals four times in both test plots. The amount of the chlorine-based drug at one time was 300 L / 10a.

<Method of generating nano bubble water>
For nano bubble water, bubbles (nano bubbles) are generated in water by a pressure dissolution method using a nano bubble generator [Kakuichi Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Aqua Solution Division (currently Aqua Solution Co., Ltd.), 100V, 10L / min type]. It was generated by letting it.
Well water was used as the water used for producing nanobubble water, and oxygen (industrial oxygen, concentration: 99.5% by volume) was used as the gas constituting the bubbles.
Further, the conditions for generating nanobubbles using the above-mentioned nanobubble generator were performed under the conditions that the analysis result by the nanoparticle analysis system Nanosite LM10 (manufactured by NanoSight) was as follows.
-Number of bubbles per 1 mL of water: 5 x 10 ⁸ cells / mL
-Moderate particle size of bubbles: 100 nm

<Evaluation of control effect of spot bacterial disease>
For tomatoes cultivated in each agricultural house, the presence or absence of spot bacterial disease on the stems and leaves was visually confirmed. The results are shown below.
Test group I: No onset of spot bacterial disease was observed (see FIG. 2).
Test Group II: In mid-October, the onset of spot bacterial disease was confirmed in some strains (see FIG. 3), and in early November, the onset of spot bacterial disease was confirmed in all strains.

10 Nano bubble generator 30 Liquid discharger 40 Gas mixer 41 Container 42 Gas mixer body 50 Nano bubble generation nozzle

Claims (7)

A method for controlling spot bacterial diseases by applying nanobubble water to plants. The method for controlling a spot bacterial disease according to claim 1, wherein at least one of watering using the nanobubble water and supply of the culture solution diluted with the nanobubble water to the medium is carried out. The method for controlling a spot bacterial disease according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the most frequent particle size of bubbles contained in the nanobubble water is 10 to 500 nm. The method for controlling a spot bacterial disease according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water contain at least one gas selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and ozone. The method for controlling a spot bacterial disease according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the nanobubble water has 1 × 10 ⁸ to 1 × 10 ^{10 bubbles / mL.} The method for controlling a spot bacterial disease according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plant is a fruit vegetable. The method for controlling a spot bacterial disease according to claim 6, wherein the plant is a tomato.

Images