JPWO2019167136A1 - Heat pump device - Google Patents

Abstract

The heat pump device includes a compressor that compresses a refrigerant, a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant compressed by the compressor and a liquid heat medium, and the refrigerant that has passed through the first heat exchanger has a reduced pressure. A depressurizing device, a second heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant decompressed by the depressurizing device and air, and a blower for sending air to the second heat exchanger are housed inside the housing. There is. The housing is separated by a partition plate extending in the vertical direction into a fan room in which the fan is installed and a machine room in which the compressor is installed. The second heat exchanger is installed along the rear surface of the housing in the blower room. The first heat exchanger is installed below the compressor in the machine room.

Description

The present invention relates to a heat pump device.

A heat pump system that heats a liquid heat medium such as water using heat absorbed from the outside air is widely used. Patent Document 1 discloses, as an outdoor unit of such a heat pump system, an outdoor unit including a refrigeration cycle including a compressor, an air heat exchanger, a pressure reducing mechanism, and a water heat exchanger in a housing. In this outdoor unit, the inside of the housing is partitioned into a machine room provided with a compressor and an air passage room provided with a blower fan for blowing air to the air heat exchanger. A heat exchanger is arranged below the blower fan.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2012-184892

The outdoor unit of Patent Document 1 has the following problems. The heat exchanger arranged below the blower fan may obstruct the air passage sent by the blower fan. If the air passage is obstructed, the heat exchange efficiency between the air and the refrigerant by the air heat exchanger may be reduced.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and provides a heat pump device capable of increasing the heat exchange efficiency of a heat exchanger by securing an air passage of a blower that sends air to the heat exchanger. The purpose is to do.

The heat pump device according to the present invention passes through a compressor that compresses a refrigerant, a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant compressed by the compressor and a liquid heat medium, and a first heat exchanger. The decompression device for decompressing the refrigerant, the second heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant decompressed by the decompression device and the air, and the blower for sending air to the second heat exchanger are inside the housing. It is stored in. The housing is separated by a partition plate extending in the vertical direction into a fan room in which a fan is installed and a machine room in which a compressor is installed. The second heat exchanger is installed along the rear surface of the housing in the blower room. The first heat exchanger is installed below the compressor in the machine room.

According to the heat pump device of the present invention, the first heat exchanger is installed below the compressor in the machine room. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the air passage of the blower from being obstructed by the first heat exchanger in the blower room in which the blower is installed. Thereby, since the air passage of the blower that sends air to the second heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the air is effectively ensured, it is possible to increase the heat exchange efficiency of the second heat exchanger. Become.

It is a front view which shows the internal structure of the heat pump apparatus of Embodiment 1. FIG. 3 is an external perspective view of the heat pump device according to the first embodiment as seen obliquely from the front. FIG. 3 is an external perspective view of the heat pump device according to the first embodiment as viewed obliquely from behind. It is a figure which shows the refrigerant circuit and water circuit of the heat pump hot water supply system provided with the heat pump apparatus of Embodiment 1. It is a block diagram which shows the principal part of a water-refrigerant heat exchanger. It is a front view which shows the internal structure of the heat pump apparatus of Embodiment 2. It is a front view which shows the internal structure of the heat pump apparatus of Embodiment 3.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. Elements common to each drawing are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description will be simplified or omitted. Further, the present disclosure may include any combination of configurations that can be combined, among the configurations described in the following embodiments.

Embodiment 1.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing the internal structure of the heat pump device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of the heat pump device according to the first embodiment as viewed obliquely from the front. FIG. 3 is an external perspective view of the heat pump device according to the first embodiment as viewed obliquely from behind. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a refrigerant circuit and a water circuit of a heat pump hot water supply system including the heat pump device according to the first embodiment.

The heat pump device 100 according to the present embodiment is installed outdoors. The heat pump device 100 heats a liquid heat medium. The heat medium in the present embodiment is water. The heat pump device 100 heats water to generate hot water. The heat medium in the present invention may be brine other than water, such as calcium chloride aqueous solution, ethylene glycol aqueous solution and alcohol.

As shown in FIG. 1, the heat pump device 100 includes a base 17 as a bottom plate that forms the bottom of the housing. When viewed from the front, the machine room 14 is formed on the right side of the base 17, and the blower room 15 is formed on the left side. The machine room 14 and the blower room 15 are separated by a partition plate 16 extending in the vertical direction.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the housing forming the outer shell of the heat pump device 100 further includes a front panel 18, a side panel 19, and a top panel 20. The front panel 18 includes a front surface portion 18a that covers the front surface of the heat pump device 100 and a left side surface portion 18b that covers the left side surface. The side panel 19 includes a rear surface portion 19a that covers a part of the rear surface of the heat pump device 100 and a right surface portion 19b that covers the right side surface. These components of the housing are molded from sheet metal, for example. The outer surface of the heat pump device 100 is covered with this housing except for the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7 which will be described later and is arranged on the rear surface side. An opening for discharging the air that has passed through the blower chamber 15 is formed in the front panel 18, and a grid 18c is attached to this opening. Note that FIG. 1 shows a state in which each part of the housing other than the base 17 is removed. Further, in FIG. 1, illustration of some of the components is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 4, the heat pump device 100 includes a compressor 2, a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 as a first heat exchanger, an air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7 as a second heat exchanger, and a refrigerant for depressurizing the refrigerant. The expansion valve 10 includes a refrigerant circuit connected in an annular shape via the refrigerant pipe 4. The heat pump device 100 operates in a refrigeration cycle, that is, a heat pump cycle.

As shown in FIG. 1, a compressor 2, a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8, an expansion valve 10 (not shown), a refrigerant pipe connecting these components, and the like are incorporated in the machine chamber 14. The compressor 2 compresses the low pressure refrigerant gas. The refrigerant may be carbon dioxide, for example. The water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 exchanges heat between the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 and water. The installation structure of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 will be described in detail later.

The expansion valve 10 is an example of a decompression device that decompresses high-pressure refrigerant into low-pressure refrigerant. The depressurized low pressure refrigerant is in a gas-liquid two-phase state. The air refrigerant heat exchanger 7 exchanges heat between the low pressure refrigerant and the atmosphere. In the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7, the low-pressure refrigerant evaporates by absorbing the heat of the atmosphere. The blower 6 blows air to the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7, whereby heat exchange in the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7 can be promoted. The low-pressure refrigerant gas evaporated in the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7 is sucked into the compressor 2.

On the other hand, the blower room 15 has a larger space than the machine room 14 in order to secure an air passage. The blower 6 is built in the blower chamber 15. The blower 6 includes two to three propeller blades and a motor that rotationally drives the propeller blades. The motor and the propeller blades are rotated by the electric power supplied from the outside. An air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7 is installed on the rear surface side of the blower chamber 15 so as to face the blower 6. The air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7 is provided with a large number of thin aluminum plate fins and a long refrigerant pipe that is in close contact with a large number of thin aluminum plate fins and reciprocates several times. The air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7 has a flat outer shape that is bent in an L shape. The air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7 is installed from the rear surface to the left side surface of the heat pump device 100. The rear end of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7 extends to the rear of the machine room 14. Therefore, the partition plate 16 has a flat plate-like outer shape that is bent in an L shape, and is installed so as to partition a space from the front surface of the heat pump device 100 to the rear end portion of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7. .. In the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7, heat is exchanged between the refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe and the air around the fins. The blower 6 increases and adjusts the air volume of the air that flows between the fins and passes through, and the amount of heat exchange is increased and adjusted.

Next, the water circuits of the heat pump device 100 and the hot water storage device 33 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the heat pump hot water supply system 1 is configured by the heat pump device 100 and the hot water storage device 33. The hot water storage device 33 includes a hot water storage tank 34 having a capacity of, for example, several hundred liters, and a water pump 35 for sending the water in the hot water storage tank 34 to the heat pump device 100. The heat pump device 100 and the hot water storage device 33 are connected via an outer pipe 36, an outer pipe 37, and electric wiring (not shown).

The lower part of the hot water storage tank 34 is connected to the inlet of the water pump 35 via a pipe 38. The outer pipe 36 connects the outlet of the water pump 35 and the water inlet valve 28 of the heat pump device 100. The outer pipe 37 connects between the hot water outlet valve 29 of the heat pump device 100 and the hot water storage device 33. The outer pipe 37 can communicate with the upper part of the hot water storage tank 34 via a pipe 39 in the hot water storage device 33.

The hot water storage device 33 further includes a mixing valve 40. A hot water supply pipe 41 branched from a pipe 39, a water supply pipe 42 through which water supplied from a water source such as a water supply, and a hot water supply pipe 43 through which hot water supplied to the user passes are connected to the mixing valve 40. There is. The mixing valve 40 adjusts the hot water supply temperature by adjusting the mixing ratio of hot water that flows in from the hot water supply pipe 41, that is, high temperature water, and water that flows in from the water supply pipe 42, that is, low temperature water. The hot water mixed by the mixing valve 40 is sent through the hot water supply pipe 43 to a user-side terminal such as a bathtub, a shower, a faucet, and a dishwasher. A water supply pipe 44 branched from the water supply pipe 42 is connected to the lower portion of the hot water storage tank 34. Water flowing in from the water supply pipe 44 is stored below the hot water storage tank 34.

Next, the operation of the heat pump device 100 in the heat storage operation will be described. The heat storage operation is an operation in which the hot water heated by the heat pump device 100 is sent to the hot water storage device 33 to store the hot water in the hot water storage tank 34. The heat storage operation is as follows. The compressor 2, the blower 6, and the water pump 35 are operated. The rotation speed of the motor of the compressor 2 can be changed in the range of several tens rps (Hz) to hundreds rps (Hz). Accordingly, the heating capacity can be adjusted and controlled by changing the flow rate of the refrigerant.

The rotation speed of the motor of the blower 6 is changed to about several hundred rpm to 1,000 rpm, and the flow rate of the air passing through the air refrigerant heat exchanger 7 is changed, so that the heat of the refrigerant and the air in the air refrigerant heat exchanger 7 is changed. The exchange rate can be adjusted and controlled. Air is sucked in from the rear of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7 installed behind the blower 6, passes through the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7, passes through the blower chamber 15, and is on the opposite side of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7. It is discharged to the front of the front panel 18.

The expansion valve 10 adjusts the flow path resistance of the refrigerant. Accordingly, the pressures of the high-pressure refrigerant on the upstream side and the low-pressure refrigerant on the downstream side of the expansion valve 10 can be adjusted and controlled. The rotation speed of the compressor 2, the rotation speed of the blower 6, and the flow path resistance of the expansion valve 10 are controlled according to the installation environment and usage conditions of the heat pump device 100.

The low-pressure refrigerant is drawn into the compressor 2 through the pipe. The low-pressure refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 2 and becomes high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant. This high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant is discharged from the compressor 2 into the refrigerant pipe. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows into the refrigerant inlet portion of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 through the pipe. The high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant exchanges heat with water in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 to heat the water and generate hot water. While passing through the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8, the refrigerant lowers the enthalpy and lowers the temperature. The high-pressure refrigerant whose temperature has been lowered flows from the refrigerant outlet portion of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 through the refrigerant pipe into the inlet portion of the expansion valve 10. The pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant is reduced by the expansion valve 10, and the temperature of the high-pressure refrigerant drops to become a low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant. This low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant flows from the outlet of the expansion valve 10 through the refrigerant pipe into the inlet of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7. The low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant exchanges heat with air in the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7, increases enthalpy, flows into the refrigerant pipe from the outlet of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7, and is sucked into the compressor 2. In this way, the refrigerant circulates to perform the heat pump cycle.

At the same time, by driving the water pump 35, the water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 34 flows into the water inlet portion of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 through the pipe 38, the outer pipe 36, the water inlet valve 28 and the inner pipe 30. To do. This water exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 and is heated to generate hot water. The hot water passes through the inner pipe 31, the hot water outlet valve 29, the outer pipe 37 and the pipe 39 and flows into the upper part of the hot water storage tank 34. By performing such heat storage operation, high temperature hot water is accumulated in the hot water storage tank 34 from the upper portion to the lower portion.

The hot water heated by the heat pump device 100 may be directly supplied to the user side without being stored in the hot water storage tank 34. Further, the heat medium heated by the heat pump device 100 may be used for heating or the like.

Next, the structure and arrangement of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 included in the heat pump device 100 according to the first embodiment will be described. The water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 exchanges heat between water as a heat medium circulating in the water circuit and the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit. FIG. 5: is a block diagram which shows the principal part of a water-refrigerant heat exchanger. The water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 includes a heat medium pipe 82 and a refrigerant pipe 84. Water as a heat medium flows through the heat medium pipe 82. Further, the high temperature refrigerant sent from the compressor 2 flows through the refrigerant pipe 84. In the heat medium pipe 82, one or a plurality of continuous spiral grooves 86 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe. The number of spiral grooves is not particularly limited. In the example of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 shown in FIG. 5, two spiral grooves 86 are formed in the heat medium pipe 82.

The refrigerant pipe 84 is branched midway so that a plurality of parallel flow paths are formed. In the example of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 shown in FIG. 5, the refrigerant pipe 84 is branched into the first refrigerant pipe 841 and the second refrigerant pipe 842. The first refrigerant pipe 841 and the second refrigerant pipe 842 are fitted in a spirally wound state along the two spiral grooves 86 formed in the heat medium pipe 82.

In the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 of the first embodiment configured as described above, the refrigerant pipe 84 is branched into a plurality of refrigerant pipes and then fitted into the spiral groove of the heat medium pipe 82. The contact heat transfer area between 84 and the heat medium pipe 82 can be increased. Further, since it is possible to prevent contact between adjacent refrigerant pipes, it is possible to prevent heat leakage. Further, since the contact heat transfer area between the refrigerant pipe 84 and the heat medium pipe 82 can be changed by changing the number of branches of the refrigerant pipe 84, it becomes possible to easily optimize the flow path design. ..

The water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape by spirally stacking the heat medium pipe 82 around which the refrigerant pipe 84 is wound. As shown in FIG. 1, the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 is installed on the lower base 17 of the machine room 14. In the hollow of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8, a column 21 is erected upward from above the base 17. The compressor 2 is supported on the column 21. With such an arrangement of the machine room 14, the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 is arranged below the compressor 2.

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained by providing the water refrigerant heat exchanger 8 in the machine room 14. The air passage in the blower chamber 15 is not obstructed by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8. As a result, the air passage of the blower 6 that sends air to the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7 is effectively ensured, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7 can be increased. Thereby, the thermal efficiency of the heat pump cycle can be improved.

Embodiment 2.
Next, the heat pump device according to the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is a front view showing the internal structure of the heat pump device according to the second embodiment. The heat pump device 200 shown in FIG. 6 has the same structure as the heat pump device 100 of the first embodiment except that the sound absorbing material 22 is provided. The sound absorbing material 22 is arranged so as to integrally cover the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 and the compressor 2. The sound absorbing material 22 is made of a material having fine voids. The sound absorbing material 22 may include at least one of felt, glass wool, and rock wool, for example. These sound absorbing materials 22 have a heat insulating function in addition to the function of absorbing sound.

As described above, the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 is installed below the compressor 2. Therefore, it is possible to configure the sound absorbing material 22 that is normally arranged around the compressor 2 so as to cover the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8. With such a configuration, it is possible to suppress the temperature decrease of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8. As a result, the heat exchange efficiency in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 can be increased, so that the efficiency of heat storage operation can be increased.

Further, according to the heat pump device 200 of the second embodiment, since the compressor 2 and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 are covered with the single sound absorbing material 22, the work efficiency during manufacturing is improved. Further, since it is not necessary to use a plurality of sound absorbing materials in combination, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Embodiment 3.
Next, the heat pump device according to the third embodiment will be described. FIG. 7 is a front view showing the internal structure of the heat pump device according to the third embodiment. The heat pump device 300 shown in FIG. 7 has the same structure as the heat pump device 100 of the first embodiment except that a sheet metal member 24 is newly provided and the compressor 2 is installed.

The sheet metal member 24 is installed on the base 17 so as to cover the entire water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8. The compressor 2 is installed on the upper surface of the sheet metal member 24. The shape of the sheet metal member 24 is not limited as long as it can store the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 therein and has strength enough to support the compressor 2. The sheet metal member 24 can adopt a box shape, for example.

According to the heat pump device 300 having such a configuration, it is not necessary to install a column for installing the compressor 2 in the hollow portion of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8, so that the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 is directed in the front direction. It is possible to adopt a configuration that can be slid onto and removed. This makes it possible to improve the maintainability of the heat pump device 100.

1 heat pump hot water supply system, 2 compressor, 4 refrigerant pipe, 6 air blower, 7 air refrigerant heat exchanger (second heat exchanger), 8 water refrigerant heat exchanger (first heat exchanger), 10 expansion valve (pressure reducing device) ), 14 machine room, 15 blower room, 16 partition plate, 17 base (bottom plate), 18 front panel, 18a front surface portion, 18b left side surface portion, 18c lattice, 19 side panel, 19a rear surface portion, 19b right side surface portion, 20 top panel , 21 columns, 22 sound absorbing material, 24 sheet metal member, 28 water inlet valve, 29 hot water outlet valve, 30 internal pipe, 31 internal pipe, 33 hot water storage device, 34 hot water storage tank, 35 water pump, 36 external pipe, 37 external pipe, 38 pipes, 39 pipes, 40 mixing valve, 41 hot water supply pipe, 42 water supply pipe, 43 hot water supply pipe, 44 water supply pipe, 82 heat medium pipe, 84 refrigerant pipe, 841 first refrigerant pipe, 842 second refrigerant pipe, 86 spiral groove , 100,200,300 heat pump device

The heat pump device according to the present invention passes through a compressor that compresses a refrigerant, a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant compressed by the compressor and a liquid heat medium, and a first heat exchanger. The decompression device for decompressing the refrigerant, the second heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant decompressed by the decompression device and the air, and the blower for sending air to the second heat exchanger are inside the housing. It is stored in. The housing is separated by a partition plate extending in the vertical direction into a fan room in which a fan is installed and a machine room in which a compressor is installed. The second heat exchanger is installed along the rear surface of the housing in the blower room. The first heat exchanger is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape in which heat medium pipes are spirally stacked, and is installed below the compressor in the machine room. The heat pump device includes a sound absorbing material that integrally covers the compressor and the first heat exchanger along the cylindrical side surface of the first heat exchanger.

Claims (6)

A compressor for compressing a refrigerant, a first heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant compressed by the compressor and a liquid heat medium, and a decompression for decompressing the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger. A device, a second heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant decompressed by the decompression device and air, and a blower for sending air to the second heat exchanger were housed inside a casing. In the heat pump device,
The casing is separated by a partition plate extending in the vertical direction into a blower room in which the blower is installed and a machine room in which the compressor is installed,
The second heat exchanger is installed along the rear surface of the housing in the blower chamber,
The heat pump device, wherein the first heat exchanger is installed below the compressor in the machine room. The first heat exchanger,
A heat medium pipe having a spiral groove formed on the outer peripheral surface,
A refrigerant pipe spirally wound along the spiral groove,
The heat pump device according to claim 1, further comprising: The first heat exchanger is formed into a hollow cylindrical shape in which the heat medium pipes are stacked in a spiral shape,
The heat pump device according to claim 2, wherein the compressor is supported by a pillar installed in the hollow of the first heat exchanger. The heat pump device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a sound absorbing material that integrally covers the compressor and the first heat exchanger. Further comprising a sheet metal member that covers at least the upper surface of the first heat exchanger,
The heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein the compressor is supported by the sheet metal member. CO2 was used for the said refrigerant, and water was used for the said heat medium, The heat pump apparatus in any one of the Claims 1-5 characterized by the above-mentioned.

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