JPWO2018043010A1 - Railcar bogies, railcars and trains - Google Patents

Abstract

In addition to rolling noise and wind noise radiated from the brake disc while ensuring stability during travel, passing performance when traveling in curved sections, and safety without imposing restrictions on the dimensions and arrangement of the components of the truck Thus, the aerodynamic noise generated from the cart and the snow on the track in the winter can be reduced from adhering to the cart.
A railcar bogie 1 including a bogie frame 2, an axle box 4 supported by the bogie frame 2, and a wheel shaft 3 supported by the axle box 4. For example, a cover 13 that covers both ends of the wheel shaft 3 inside the carriage frame 2 and covers the front and rear ends of the carriage 1 in the vehicle traveling direction is attached to the carriage 1.

Description

  The present invention relates to a railway vehicle carriage capable of reducing noise generated from wheels, brake discs, and carriages during traveling, and reducing adhesion of snow on the track to the carriages in winter, and the railway vehicle. The present invention relates to a railway vehicle provided with a trolley and a train that forms the railway vehicle. Hereinafter, the term “railway vehicle” in this specification includes not only a single railway vehicle but also a trained railway vehicle.

Environmental noise generated from railway vehicles while traveling is classified into the following three categories.
(1) Aerodynamic sound, spark sound, sliding sound generated from pantograph.
(2) Aerodynamic noise generated from the top of the car body.
(3) Noise generated from the lower part of the car body.

  The environmental noise increases as the speed of railway vehicles increases. However, the aerodynamic sound generated from the pantograph in (1) has been reduced at present due to the development of a low noise pantograph. In addition, the aerodynamic sound generated from the upper part of the car body in (2) has been improved by the development of the car body shape.

  For this reason, the proportion of the noise generated from the lower part of the vehicle body in (3) is relatively large, and countermeasures have been demanded in recent years.

There are the following four types of noise generated from the lower part of the car body in (3).
a) Rolling sound generated from wheels.
b) Wind noise generated from the brake disc.
c) Aerodynamic noise generated from the bogie.
d) Gear meshing noise generated from the drive.
Of these, countermeasures for the gear meshing noise of d) are being studied sequentially.

  Therefore, the inventors, among the noise generated from the lower part of the vehicle body of (3), in particular, the rolling noise generated from the wheel of a), the wind noise generated from the brake disk of b), and the noise of c) The countermeasure was considered for the aerodynamic sound generated from the bogie.

  As a technique for improving the environmental noise of (3) a) to c), a method of suppressing aerodynamic noise by installing a mesh member or a side plate member on the vehicle body, and improving the sound absorption characteristics of the panel or cover installed on the vehicle body, Or the method of expanding a sound absorption area is generally employ | adopted (for example, patent documents 1-4).

  In Patent Document 1, aerodynamic noise such as wind noise generated from the vicinity of the carriage is covered by covering the front and rear of the carriage with a net-like member attached to the vehicle body, and covering the sides of the carriage with side plate members attached to the automobile body. Techniques for suppression are described.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, by controlling the vertical movement of a soundproof cover installed at the lower part of the outer plate on both side surfaces of a railway vehicle, the outside of the rolling noise generated around the contact point between the wheel and the rail is disclosed. Describes a technique for suppressing the leakage of the liquid and preventing its diffusion.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-228561 describes a technique for improving sound absorption characteristics and reducing rolling noise radiated around the rail by installing a sound absorbing material between the under floor of the vehicle body and the rail. Patent Document 3 shows a figure in which the under floor side surface of the vehicle body excluding the wheel portion is covered with an under floor plate attached to the vehicle body (see FIGS. 2, 5, and 6 of Patent Document 3).

  Further, Patent Document 4 has excellent sound absorption characteristics even in a low temperature region by installing a sound absorbing material in each of the side skirt, front / rear closing portion, and bottom closing portion that forms a closed underfloor space at the bottom of the vehicle body. A technology for obtaining a vehicle body structure is described. Patent Document 4 describes that a side surface of a carriage is covered with a carriage cover (see paragraph 0033 and FIGS. 1A and 1B).

  Further, Patent Document 5 describes a technique for reducing the noise by concentrating the noise generated by the carriage on the barriers arranged on both sides of the track by covering the wheel from the outside with a case arranged on the vehicle body. .

  In order to achieve both stability during traveling in a straight section and passing performance during traveling in a curved section, a railway vehicle is generally connected by a yaw damper. At that time, there are cases where a plurality of yaw dampers are installed on both sides of the vehicle in order to ensure sound operation and ensure further safety even when the yaw damper breaks down.

  In addition, since the axle is attached to the carriage via a bearing, an axle box that houses the bearing, and an axle box support device that supports the axle box, ensuring the safety of these is the most important issue. Furthermore, in order to ensure running stability during high speed running, the dimensions of the bearing, the axle box, and the axle box support device may be larger than in the past.

  Therefore, when the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 to 5 are applied to reduce the rolling noise generated from the wheels, the wind noise generated from the brake disc, and the aerodynamic noise generated from the carriage, the following problems are encountered. Exists.

  That is, a mesh member and a side plate member described in Patent Document 1, a soundproof cover described in Patent Document 2, an underfloor side plate described in Patent Document 3, a cart cover described in Patent Document 4, and a patent document 5 All of these cases are installed on the vehicle body.

  Therefore, the net component, side plate member, soundproof cover, underfloor side plate, bogie cover, the main components of the bogie (bearing, axle box, axle box support device) located inside the case, the dimensions of the yaw damper that connects the bogie and the vehicle body, There are significant restrictions on the placement. Accordingly, the high speed stability of the vehicle, the passing performance when traveling in a curved section, and the safety are sacrificed. In particular, a vehicle traveling in a conventional line section is more conspicuous because the vehicle has a small cross section.

  In addition, Patent Documents 1 to 3 have no description or suggestion about suppressing aerodynamic sound generated by collision of air entering the carriage unit with the components of the carriage. Moreover, the technique described in Patent Document 5 reduces the noise in cooperation with barriers arranged on both sides of the track. Therefore, the effect of reducing the noise cannot be expected only by covering the wheel from the outside with a case disposed on the vehicle body.

  Therefore, the applicant does not impose restrictions on the dimensions and arrangement of the components of the bogie, and implements noise reduction measures that can ensure stability during normal driving and high-speed driving, passing performance during curved section driving, and safety. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-26883 discloses a railway vehicle carriage.

  However, the technique disclosed by the applicant in Patent Document 6 does not take into account the aerodynamic sound generated from the carriage (3) c).

  Patent Document 7 describes a technique in which the front and sides of a front end portion of a carriage are covered with a guard plate having a front plate portion and a side plate portion to protect the components of the carriage. This guard plate is considered to be effective in suppressing noise generated from the carriage.

  However, since this patent document 7 is a technique for a tram, the side plate portion of the guard plate attached to the carriage frame is provided at substantially the same position as the both side end surfaces of the pillow beam (see FIG. 10). . Therefore, the same problem as in the case of attaching the side plate portion to the vehicle body exists.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-262966 JP-A-1-132462 JP 2001-26267 A JP 2006-290054 A JP-A-8-268274 Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-166238 Japanese Patent No. 5256208

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is that the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 to 5 are greatly restricted by the dimensions and arrangement of the main components (bearings, axle box, axle box support device) and the yaw damper of the carriage. Is a point. Moreover, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 6 is that the aerodynamic sound generated from the carriage is not taken into consideration. In addition, the technique described in Patent Document 7 also has a problem similar to that in the case where the side plate portion is attached to the vehicle body.

  The object of the present invention is to effectively reduce the aerodynamic noise generated from the carriage and the snow that has accumulated on the track in the winter season from adhering to the carriage, in addition to the effects exhibited by the technique disclosed in Patent Document 6.

The present invention
In a bogie for a railway vehicle including a bogie frame, an axle box supported by the bogie frame, and a wheel shaft supported by the axle box,
The main feature is that a cover that covers both ends of the wheel shaft inside the bogie frame and covers a front end portion or a front and rear end portion of the bogie in the vehicle traveling direction is attached.

  In the present invention, since the cover is attached to the carriage, there are no major restrictions on the size and arrangement of the main components (bearings, axle box, axle box support device) of the carriage and the yaw damper connecting the carriage and the vehicle body.

  Moreover, since both ends of the wheel shaft are covered with the inside of the carriage frame by the cover, the rolling noise of the wheels and the wind noise radiated from the brake disc can be effectively shielded to reduce the environmental noise.

  In addition, since the front end portion or the front and rear end portions of the carriage in the vehicle traveling direction are covered with the cover, the aerodynamic noise generated from the carriage can be reduced by suppressing the air colliding with the components of the carriage. Further, the cover can also reduce the snow that has accumulated on the track in the winter season from adhering to the carriage.

  In the present invention, the structure of the cover can be simplified if the cover covers both ends of the wheel shaft and also serves as the attachment portion of the cover to the carriage.

  At this time, if the cover is attached to the axle box arranged below the axle spring, a large vertical displacement does not occur as in the case where the cover is attached to a cart frame that can be moved up and down by the axle spring. Therefore, the vehicle limit area can be widely used and can be covered with the lower part of the vehicle. Moreover, when attaching a cover to the rear cover of an axle box, the existing axle box can be used.

  In the present invention, if the cover is divided in the width direction of the carriage, the workability when the cover is attached can be improved.

  According to the present invention, without imposing restrictions on the dimensions and arrangement of the components of the carriage, it is generated from the wheels while ensuring stability during normal driving and high-speed driving, passing performance during curved section driving, and safety. Rolling noise and wind noise emitted from the brake disc can be reduced.

  Moreover, according to this invention, in addition to the said effect, the aerodynamic sound generated from a trolley | bogie can be reduced. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce the snow that has accumulated on the track in the winter season from adhering to the carriage.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the figure which looked at the railway vehicle trolley | bogie of 1st this invention, and the railway vehicle provided with this trolley | bogie from the upper direction. It is the figure which looked at the railway vehicle trolley | bogie of 1st this invention, and the railway vehicle provided with this trolley from the side. It is the figure which looked at the railway vehicle trolley | bogie of 1st this invention, and the railway vehicle provided with this trolley | bogie from the front. It is detail drawing which showed the attachment part to the trolley | bogie of the cover attached to the trolley | bogie trolley | bogie of 1st this invention from diagonally upward. It is detail drawing which showed from the upper part the attachment part to the trolley | bogie of the cover attached to the trolley | bogie trolley | bogie of 1st this invention. It is an expansion perspective view of the attachment part to the trolley | bogie of the cover attached to the trolley | bogie trolley | bogie of 1st this invention. It is the figure which looked at the railway vehicle trolley | bogie of 2nd this invention, and the railway vehicle provided with this trolley | bogie from the upper direction. It is the figure which looked at the railway vehicle trolley | bogie of 2nd this invention, and the railway vehicle provided with this trolley from the side. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is explanatory drawing of the train of this invention which organized the railway vehicle of this invention, (a) made all the trolley | bogies of all the vehicles the trolley-car trolley of this invention, (b) Only the rear carriage of the rear vehicle is the carriage for a railway vehicle of the present invention. It is the figure which looked at the railway vehicle trolley | bogie of 3rd this invention, and the railway vehicle provided with this trolley | bogie from the upper direction.

  The purpose of the present invention is in addition to rolling noise generated from wheels and wind noise generated from brake discs while ensuring stability during normal driving and high-speed driving, passing performance during curved section driving, and safety. It is to reduce the aerodynamic noise generated from the bogie and the adhesion of snow on the track to the bogie.

  And the said objective was implement | achieved by attaching the cover which covers the both ends of the said wheel shaft inside the said truck frame, and covers the front-end part or front-and-back end part of the vehicle traveling direction of a truck.

The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 to 6 are views for explaining the first aspect of the present invention. FIGS. 1 to 3 are views of a railway vehicle carriage and a railway vehicle equipped with the carriage. FIGS. 4 and 5 are attachments of a cover to the carriage. FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion where the cover is attached to the carriage.

  Reference numeral 1 denotes a railcar bogie, in which a wheel shaft 3 is arranged before and after the bogie frame 2 in the vehicle traveling direction. These wheel shafts 3 are rotatably supported at both ends of an axle 3a constituting the wheel shaft 3 by bearings provided inside the shaft box 4, and rotate forward and backward through a main motor 5 and a gear reduction device 6, respectively. It is configured as follows. The axle box 4 is attached to the carriage frame 2 via an axle spring 7 and an axle box support device 8.

  The bogie frame 2 is disposed on both sides in the width direction of the vehicle traveling direction central portion so as to support the brake device 9 for applying a braking force to the wheels 3b constituting the wheel shaft 3, the yaw damper 10 for preventing the snake behavior, and the vehicle body 11. An air spring 12 or the like is also arranged. One of the yaw dampers 10 is attached to the vehicle body 11.

  In the present invention, during traveling, the carriage frame 2, the wheel shaft 3, the shaft box 4, the main motor 5, the gear reduction device 6, the shaft spring 7, the shaft box support device 8, the brake device 9, the yaw damper 10, and the air spring 12 are as air as possible. The first feature is to avoid hitting. Therefore, in the first example, the front and rear ends of the carriage 1 in the vehicle traveling direction are covered with the cover 13.

  In order to prevent the components 2 to 10 and 12 of the carriage 1 from being exposed to air as much as possible during traveling, the length (height) of the cover 13 in the vertical direction when attached to the carriage 1, and It is desirable to determine the length (width) in the left-right direction as follows.

A) Height of cover 13 (top position)
When the cover 13 attached to the carriage 1 is viewed from the front side in the vehicle traveling direction, the height is set such that the component parts 2 to 10 and 12 of the carriage 1 are hidden by the cover 13 and cannot be seen. Alternatively, the traveling direction of the air is changed so that the flow direction of the air hitting the cover 13 changes so that the air does not hit the components 2 to 10 and 12 of the carriage 1.

B) Height of cover 13 (lower end position)
The lower end of the height of the cover 13 is the vehicle limit. The vehicle limit generally means the upper and lower and left and right limits that should not be exceeded by the outline of the cross-sectional shape of the railway vehicle 14 installed on a horizontal straight track. However, in the present invention, it means the distance from the lower limit in the vertical direction to the track 15. The specific numerical value is different depending on the railway vehicle 14 to be applied.

  Therefore, when the cover 13 is attached to the axle box 4 located below the axle spring 7, there is no large vertical displacement that occurs when the cover 13 is attached to the carriage frame 2 that can be moved up and down by the axle spring 7. The limit area can be used widely.

  At this time, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, if the cover 13 is attached to the rear lid (the lid on the inner side in the width direction of the carriage 1) 4 a with a bolt, the existing axle box 4 is used. Can do.

  The shape of the cover 13 viewed from the side of the carriage 1 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a shape that does not increase the air resistance during traveling, for example, a streamline type. As a shape that changes the air flow direction so that air does not hit the components 2 to 10 and 12 of the carriage 1 during traveling, in FIGS. 1 to 6, it is formed with a curved surface that allows air to flow obliquely up and down. An example is shown. However, the shape is not limited to that shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 as long as the air flow direction can be changed so that the components 2 to 10 and 12 of the carriage 1 do not hit air.

C) Width of Cover 13 When the cover 13 attached to the carriage 1 is viewed from the front side in the vehicle traveling direction, the width is set such that the component parts 2 to 10 and 12 of the carriage 1 are hidden by the cover 13 and cannot be seen. Alternatively, the width is set so that the air hits the cover 13 during traveling and the flow direction changes and does not hit the components 2 to 10 and 12 of the carriage 1.

  The shape of the cover 13 as viewed from above the carriage 1 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a shape that does not increase the air resistance during traveling, for example, a streamline type. In the first example, the center part in the width direction is moved from the carriage 1 to the vehicle rather than the two sides in the first example as a shape that changes the air flow direction so that air does not hit the components 2 to 10 and 12 of the carriage 1 during traveling. It is shown that it projects forward and backward in the traveling direction and air flows to the left and right in the width direction. However, the shape is not limited to the shape shown in the first example as long as the air flow direction can be changed so that the components 2 to 10 and 12 of the carriage 1 do not hit air.

  The second feature of the present invention is that the cover 13 covers both ends of the wheel shaft 3 inside the carriage frame 2. For example, in the first example, the plate portions of the left and right wheels 3b and the vicinity of the brake disc 9a installed on the wheels 3b are covered from the outside in the width direction of the carriage 1. Needless to say, when the brake disc is not installed on the wheel, the cover 13 covers only the plate portion of the wheel.

  When the portion of the cover 13 that covers both ends of the wheel shaft 3 also serves as the attachment portion 13a to the carriage 1, the attachment portion 13a to the carriage 1 is not required separately, so that the configuration of the cover 13 can be simplified. In the first example, the portion of the cover 13 that also serves as the attachment portion 13 a to the carriage 1 is a portion that covers the plate portions of the left and right wheels 3 b and the vicinity of the brake disk 9 a from the outside in the width direction of the carriage 1.

  When the portion covering the plate portion of the wheel 3b and the vicinity of the brake disk 9a also serves as the attachment portion 13a to the carriage 1 as in the first example, the cover 13 may be attached to the rear lid 4a of the axle box 4, for example. (See FIGS. 2, 4 and 6).

  The range in which the cover 13 covers both ends of the wheel shaft 3, for example, in the first example, the range in which the plate portion of the wheel 3b and the vicinity of the brake disk 9a are covered, excludes the vehicle limit from the diameter of the wheel 3b. 70% or more of the above range is desirable. If it is this range, the soundproofing effect equivalent to the case where all the board parts of the wheel 3b and the brake disc 9a are covered can be acquired (refer patent document 6).

  The railway vehicle 14 provided with the carriage 1 of the present invention and the train (see FIG. 9A) that forms this railway vehicle 14 increase with the speed of the vehicle. Wind noise generated from the disc and aerodynamic noise generated from the carriage can be effectively reduced.

  Further, in the case of the railway vehicle 14 that travels in a snowy area in winter, the cover 13 can reduce the snow accumulated on the track 15 from adhering to the carriage 1.

  It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the embodiments may be appropriately changed within the scope of the technical idea described in each claim.

  In the first example, the cover 13 is attached to both the front end portion and the rear end portion in the vehicle traveling direction, but the vehicle traveling direction of the carriage 1 as in the second example shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. Even if the cover 13 is attached only to the front end portion, a corresponding effect can be obtained. At this time, for example, in the railway vehicle 14 having two carriages, when the railway vehicle travels only in one direction, both carriages 1 attach the cover 13 to the front end portion in the vehicle traveling direction. On the other hand, when traveling in both the front and rear directions, the cover 13 is provided only at the front and rear end portions of the railway vehicle 14, and the cover 13 is not provided at the central portion side of the railway vehicle 14.

  Further, in the train shown in FIG. 9 (a), all the trolleys 1 are the trolleys 1 of the present invention, but as shown in FIG. 9 (b), the leading trolley 1a of the leading vehicle 14a and the tail of the trailing vehicle 14b. Only the carriage 1b may be the carriage 1 of the present invention.

  In the above example, the cover 13 formed integrally is shown. However, as shown in FIG. 10, if the structure is divided in the width direction of the carriage 1, workability when the cover 13 is attached to the carriage 1. Will improve.

  Further, in order to improve the sound absorption characteristics of the cover 13, the cover 13 may be formed of a material having a sound absorbing effect. Further, a sound absorbing material may be provided on the inner surface of the cover 13. Alternatively, the inner surface of the cover 13 may be formed in a concavo-convex shape so that noise is scattered and diffusely reflected to attenuate. In this way, a further noise reduction effect can be expected.

  In the above example, the cover 13 covers the plate portion of the wheel 3b and the vicinity of the brake disc 9a or the plate portion of the wheel 3b from the outside in the width direction of the carriage 1. However, in addition to the outer side in the width direction of the carriage 1, the plate portion of the wheel 3 b and the vicinity of the brake disk 9 a or the vicinity of the plate portion of the wheel 3 b may be covered from the inner side in the width direction. If it does in this way, the further reduction effect of noise can be expected.

1 bogie 2 bogie frame 1a head bogie 1b tail bogie 3 wheel shaft 3b wheel 4 shaft box 4a rear lid 9a brake disc 13 cover 13a mounting portion 14 rail vehicle 14a head vehicle 14b tail vehicle

Claims (13)

In a bogie for a railway vehicle including a bogie frame, an axle box supported by the bogie frame, and a wheel shaft supported by the axle box,
A bogie for a railway vehicle comprising a cover for covering both ends of the wheel shaft inside the bogie frame and covering a front end portion or a front and rear end portion of the bogie in the vehicle traveling direction.   2. The carriage for a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the cover that covers both ends of the wheel shaft also serves as an attachment portion of the cover to the carriage. The cover is
The bogie for a railway vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bogie is configured to cover an upper portion from a vehicle limit and to be attached to the axle box.   4. The railway vehicle carriage according to claim 3, wherein the cover is attached to a rear lid of the axle box.   The bogie for a railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 4, wherein the cover is divided in the width direction of the bogie.   The carriage for a railway vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the cover is divided in the width direction of the carriage.   A railway vehicle comprising the railway vehicle carriage according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, and 6.   A railway vehicle comprising the railway vehicle carriage according to claim 3.   A railway vehicle comprising the railway vehicle carriage according to claim 5.   8. A train in which the railway vehicle according to claim 7 is formed, wherein only the leading carriage of the leading vehicle and the trailing carriage of the trailing vehicle are used as the railway vehicle carriage.   A train in which the railway vehicle according to claim 8 or 9 is formed, wherein only the leading carriage of the leading vehicle and the trailing carriage of the trailing vehicle are used as the railway vehicle carriage.   The train which formed the railway vehicle of Claim 7 WHEREIN: All the trolley | bogies of all the vehicles were used as the said trolley-car trolley | bogie.   A train in which the railway vehicle according to claim 8 or 9 is formed, wherein all the carriages of all the vehicles are the carriages for the railway vehicle.

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