RU2566594C2 - Railway vehicle drive bogie, mainly, of low-floor tram - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: claimed drive bogie comprises the frame with lengthwise thrusts, wheel drives with reduction gearboxes and thrust motors brought outside the wheels limits, disc brakes, car suspension springs, dampers and rail brakes. Wheels are arranged in the frame to run independently. Disc brake elements are arranged at reduction gearbox. Wheel drives incorporate springs engaged elastically with the bogie frame. Bogie frame can skew in vertical plane because of flexure of two extreme crosswise beams relative to the axis of central stiff crosswise beam.

EFFECT: lower unsprung bogie weight, improved contact between wheels and rails, lower dynamic load at bogie elements and track, lower noise and wheel wear, higher life of running gear.

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Description

The invention relates to transport engineering, in particular to a rail vehicle such as a tram car with a low floor level, and relates to the construction of a drive trolley.

A well-known BOMBARDIER drive trolley for INCENTRO carriages (Karl Gerhard Baur, "Drehgestelle-Bogies", EK-Verlag, Freiburg, 2009, p. 241), containing an H-shaped welded-cast trolley frame consisting of two longitudinal beams and one transverse, resting on the portal ends of the longitudinal beams on two wheelsets through the springs of the primary level of suspension. In the central part of the longitudinal beams of the frame, springs of the second suspension level and hydro-dampers are located, rail brakes are under the beams. On the transverse beam of the frame mounted longitudinal traction. The wheelset is a gantry type axle with axle boxes for mounting wheels at the ends. At each end of the wheel pair, on the outside of the wheel, is a wheel drive consisting of a gearbox rigidly connected to the wheel axle, a traction motor and elements of an electro-hydraulic disc brake.

A known BOMBARDIER drive trolley for cars of the VARIOTRAM model (ibid., P. 246), comprising a welded trolley frame consisting of two longitudinal and two transverse beams. On the portal ends of the longitudinal beams, on the levers sprung by the primary level springs, wheels independent from each other with axles and wheel drives are installed. In the central part of the longitudinal beams of the frame, springs of the second suspension level and hydro-dampers are located, rail brakes are under the beams. On the transverse beam of the frame mounted longitudinal traction. The wheel drive consists of a traction motor, elements of a hydraulic disc brake and does not contain a gearbox. A low-speed water-cooled engine is connected directly to the axis of the wheel.

The BOMBARDIER drive trolley is known for EUROTRAM carriages (ibid., P. 238), containing a cast trolley frame consisting of two parts and having special recesses for installing air springs of a secondary suspension level. On the edges of the frame in the front and rear parts are levers sprung by springs of the primary level, on which independent wheels with axles and wheel drives are mounted. Along the edges of the frame, rail brakes are located on the underside. The trolley is equipped with a stabilizer bar. The drive consists of a gearbox, integral with the lever and rigidly connected to the wheel axle, a traction motor with water cooling and hydraulic brake elements.

The disadvantage of these trolleys is the rigid fastening of the wheel drive (gearbox, traction motor, disc brake), which has a significant mass on the axis of the wheel, resulting in significantly increased unsprung mass of the trolley. Moreover, all shock loads perceived by the wheel during the movement of the car are transmitted to the power unit and lead to a reduction in the service life of its elements.

A well-known two-axle trolley manufactured by ALSTOM for cars of the CITADIS model (EP 0911239 A1, B61F 3/16, B61F 3/04, B61C 9/50, 10.23.1998), containing two wheelsets connected by longitudinal beams that together form the frame of the trolley . The wheelset is a welded structure consisting of two pedestals connected by a pipe. At one end of each wheel pair, a gearbox with a traction motor remote from the wheel is rigidly mounted, and disk brake elements are located at the other end. The wheels are connected by a shaft located in the tube of the wheelset. At the ends of the wheelset, on the inside of the wheels, the suspension springs of the car are installed. Under the longitudinal beams, between the wheels, rail brakes are located. In the central part of each longitudinal beam, a hydro-absorber is fixed. On one of the wheelsets installed longitudinal traction.

This trolley is taken as a prototype as the closest in technical essence to the claimed one.

The disadvantages of this trolley are:

- a relatively large unsprung mass of the trolley, which negatively affects both the trolley and the tram car as a whole, and rail tracks due to high dynamic loads;

- the rigid structure of the trolley frame leads to the hanging of one of the wheels of the trolley in the case of non-planar paths when cornering, which will lead to an increase in the load on the remaining wheels and increased wear of the wheels and rails, an increase in the load on the frame elements and the appearance of fatigue cracks in them.

The technical problem to be solved is to reduce the unsprung mass of the trolley, improve the conditions of contact of the wheels with the rails and, as a result, reduce the dynamic load on the elements of the trolley and the rail track, reduce external noise, reduce wear on wheels and rails, as well as increase the reliability and service life of the running gear.

The stated technical problem is solved in that the drive carriage of a rail vehicle, mainly a low-floor tram, contains a frame with longitudinal stops, wheels with axles, wheel drives with gears, disc brakes, cradles, suspension springs, dampers, leash, rail brakes and traction electric motors. At the same time, traction motors are moved outside the wheels. The wheels are mounted independently in the frame. Wheel drives have springs through which they are elastically connected to the trolley frame, and the trolley frame itself has the ability to skew in the vertical plane due to the bending of two extreme elastic transverse beams and one central rigid transverse beam connecting the longitudinal beams.

Cross beams are installed in bushings mounted in the frame.

The fastening of the wheel drive to the trolley frame by means of a spring allows the drive to move relative to the axis of the wheel, softening the blows coming from the side of the trolley frame to the wheel drive when hitting an obstacle. Due to the ability of the two extreme elastic transverse beams to bend, the longitudinal beams will rotate relative to each other around the axis of the central rigid beam, creating a skew, as a result of which the wheels can move in the vertical direction and constantly be in contact with the rails when moving along curved sections of the rail track.

Figure 1 shows an isometric view of the trolley,

figure 2 - mounting a wheel drive,

figure 3 - frame trolley in a state of skew of the longitudinal beams.

The cart has a frame on which the main components and parts are installed. The frame of the trolley is formed by two longitudinal beams 1, interconnected by three transverse beams: one central transverse beam 2 and two extreme transverse beams 3. The transverse beams are installed at their ends in the bushings 4, welded to the longitudinal beams from below and which are part of them. To prevent lateral movements, caps 5 are fixed at the ends of the transverse beams. Wheels with an axle 6 and wheel drives are installed on the axle ends of the longitudinal beams, each of which consists of a gearbox 7, a traction motor 8 and disk brake elements 9. The wheel drive is attached to the longitudinal beam in three points - in two axle boxes 10, in tapered bearings, the wheel axis is attached, which is also the axis of the output shaft of the gearbox, while the traction motor through the bracket 11 rests on the free Another end of the spring 12. The spring end secured in welded assembly to the pedestal bracket 13 with a bolt 14. Thus, the drive wheel is able to rotate around the wheel axis, bending the spring. In the central part of each longitudinal beam there is a cradle 15 connected to the carriage, which is supported by two coil coil suspension springs 16 and is kept from longitudinal displacement by stops 17, from lateral displacement by a leash 18. To absorb the vibrations of the car, a hydro-absorber 19 is installed between the longitudinal beam and the cradle. Under the longitudinal beams, between the wheels, rail brakes 20 are used for emergency braking of the car.

The trolley operates as follows:

when the wheel 6 is hit by an obstacle, it rises sharply due to the impact, entraining the axle box end of the longitudinal beam 1. Due to the flexible connection of the wheel drive with the axle box end of the longitudinal beam, made in the form of a spring 12 having a certain elasticity, the drive rises up with some delay since has a relatively large inertia. The spring between the drive and the longitudinal beam bends, absorbing impact energy and reducing dynamic loads on the drive elements;

when the car moves along curved sections of the rail track having non-flatness, one of the wheels 6 will be higher than the surface of the rails. But due to the ability of the extreme elastic transverse beams 3 to bend the longitudinal beams 1 will rotate relative to each other around the axis of the central rigid beam 2, skewed in the vertical plane, and the axle box end of the longitudinal beam 1 with the hanging wheel 6 under the influence of gravity of the car will begin to fall down until until the frozen wheel 6 comes into contact with the rail again.

Claims (1)

Trolley drive rail vehicle, mainly a tram with a low floor, containing a frame with longitudinal stops, wheel drives with gears and traction motors outside the wheels, disc brakes, car suspension springs, dampers, rail brakes, characterized in that the wheels are installed in independently, the disc brake elements are located on the gearbox, the wheel drives have springs by which they are elastically connected to the frame of the trolley, and the trolley frame itself has the possibility zhnosti skew in a vertical plane by bending the two outermost elastic transverse beams relative to the central axis of the rigid crossmember.

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