JPWO2017159499A1 - 新規微生物及びその作成方法 - Google Patents
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
Description
宿主として、自然環境中から単離したリン溶解菌P−451(受託番号 NITE BP-02205)を用いた。トランスポゾン変異のドナー株としてE.coli MC4100/pMAR2xT7を用いた。ヘルパー株として、E.coli HB101/pRK2013を用いた。ドナー株及びヘルパー株はDepartment of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital (185 Cambridge St., CPZN7250 Boston, MA 02114)より分譲された。
寒天培地にはLuria-Bertini(以下、LBという。)寒天培地を用い、液体培養培地にはLB液体培地を用いた。LB寒天培地の組成は、ポリペプトンを10g/L、酵母エキスを5g/L、NaClを10g/L、寒天を15g/Lとした。LB液体培地は、ポリペプトンを10g/L、酵母エキスを5g/L、NaClを10g/Lとした。
−80℃の超低温冷凍庫内で保存した菌株をLB寒天培地に植菌し、インキュベーター(アズワン社製、ETTAS EI-600B)を用いて28℃で一晩培養した。その後、LB寒天培地から滅菌した爪楊枝でシングルコロニーをかき取り、10mLのLB液体培地の入った50mL三角フラスコに直接移し、バイオシェーカー(タイテック社製、BR-40LF)を用いて28℃、115rpm、16〜18時間の条件下で振とう培養を行った。培養は、それぞれの菌株の耐性抗生物質を添加した条件で行うことができる。
(3)において得られた変異体のバイオフィルム形成能力を評価し、バイオフィルム形成能力が高い変異体を選択した。バイオフィルム形成能力の測定には、96穴のポリエチレンテレフタラート製マイクロプレートを用いた。NaClを除いたLB液体培地(LB(−NaCl)液体培地)を1ウェルに150μLずつ入れ、(3)において得られた変異体のコロニーを滅菌爪楊枝でかき取り、マイクロプレートのウェルに懸濁した。マイクロプレートに懸濁する際に、マスタープレートにも植菌を行った。マスタープレートは、20μg/mLのクロラムフェニコールと90μg/mLのゲンタマイシンとを含むLB寒天培地とした。マイクロプレートには変異体のウェルだけではなく、変異体との対照区として野生株P−451のウェルと、バックグラウンド補正用の何も接種しないLB(−NaCl)液体培地のみのウェルとを設けた。なお、MT−9及びMT−10については、1/5濃度のLB(−NaCl)液体培地を用いた。
表1に示すように、MT−2を除いてバイオフィルム形成能力の向上が認められた。中でも、MT−4からMT−6及びMT−10の4つの変異体において、野生株であるP−451の10倍以上のバイオフィルム形成能力を示した。
変異体MT−5及びMT−10について遺伝子の欠損部位を評価した。変異体MT−5及びMT−10をLB寒天培地で培養し、滅菌爪楊枝で単一コロニーをかき取り、50μL滅菌蒸留水の入った1.5mLマイクロチューブに懸濁した。そのチューブをブロックインキュベーターに入れ100℃、10分の条件で加熱し、溶菌させた。溶菌液の入ったチューブを15,000g、5分の条件で遠心機にかけ、上澄みを新しいチューブに移した。次に、表2に示す1st PCR混合液を用意しそれを95℃2分間、(95℃30秒間、47℃45秒間、72℃1分間)×30回の条件でPCR装置にかけた。なお、PCRとは、Polymerase Chain Reactionの略称であり、ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応である。
変異体MT−5及びMT−10のバイオフィルムを、形態的に観察した。変異体MT−5及びMT−10並びに野生株P−451をLB寒天培地で培養し、単一コロニーを滅菌した爪楊枝でかき取り、それぞれLB液体培地で前培養した。培養液を1.5mLマイクロチューブに1mLずつ分注した後、遠心分離機にて20,000g、2分間の条件で遠心分離をし、上澄みを取り除き、1mLのLB(−NaCl)液体培地を加えて攪拌した。これを2回繰り返して菌体の洗浄を行った。2mLのLB(−NaCl)液体培地が入った10mL試験管にOD600値が0.05となるように菌懸濁液を添加した。その後試験管を28℃で、24時間静置培養を行った。これをそれぞれ3反復ずつ行った。
トランスポゾン変異を導入した変異体MT−5及びMT−10のリン酸カルシウム可溶化能力を野生株であるP−451と比較した。定量的なリン酸カルシウム分解能力の測定法はNautiyalの測定法(Nautiyal CS (1999) FEMS Microbiology Letters 170:265-270)を採用した。変異体MT−5及び野生株P−451を寒天培地で培養し、単一コロニーを滅菌した爪楊枝でかき取り、それぞれLB液体培地で前培養した。
植物への菌の付着について検討した。菌を付着させる植物には、イネ(ヒノヒカリ)の種子を用いた。種子は、60℃のお湯に30秒間浸漬した後、2.5%(v/v)次亜塩素酸ナトリウム溶液の入ったビーカーに入れ、スターラーで20分間攪拌することで殺菌処理を行った。その後、10分毎に滅菌水で洗うことを3回繰り返し、次亜塩素酸ナトリウムを取り除いた。殺菌処理をした種子は、100mL三角フラスコに15粒ずつ入れた。 被覆に用いる菌株はLB寒天培地で培養し、単一コロニーを滅菌した爪楊枝でかき取り、それぞれLB液体培地で前培養した。培養液を1.5mLマイクロチューブに1mLずつ分注した後、遠心分離機にて20,000g、2分間の条件で遠心分離をし、上澄みを取り除き、1mLの滅菌蒸留水を加えて攪拌した。これを2回繰り返して菌体の洗浄を行った。
Claims (10)
- 難溶性リン化合物をリン酸へ分解するPseudomonas属のリン溶解菌であり、PP_4484タンパク質の機能を欠失した変異体である、新規微生物。
- 前記変異体は、トランスポゾン変異体である、請求項1に記載の新規微生物。
- 難溶性リン化合物をリン酸へ分解するリン溶解菌であり、バイオフィルム作成能力を有するPseudomonas sp.MT−5株(受託番号 NITE BP-02215)である、新規微生物。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の新規微生物を含むバイオフィルムを表面に付着させた、種子。
- 難溶性リン化合物のリン酸へ分解するPseudomonas属のリン溶解菌に、変異を導入して、変異株を得る工程と、
前記変異株のうち、バイオフィルム形成能力が野生株よりも高い株をスクリーニングする工程とを備えた、新規微生物の作成方法。 - 前記スクリーニングする工程において、PP_4484タンパク質の機能が欠失した株を選択する、請求項5に記載の新規微生物の作成方法。
- 前記リン溶解菌が、Pseudomonas putidaである、請求項5又は6に記載の新規微生物の作成方法。
- 前記リン溶解菌が、Pseudomonas sp.P−451株(受託番号 NITE BP-02205)である、請求項5又は6に記載の新規微生物の作成方法。
- 前記変異を導入する工程において、トランスポゾンドナーとしてE.coli MC4100/pMAR2xT7を用い、トランスポゾンヘルパーとしてE.coli HB101/pRK2013を用いて、トランスポゾン変異を導入する、請求項5〜8のいずれか1項に記載の新規微生物の作成方法。
- 請求項5〜9のいずれか1項に記載の新規微生物の作成方法により作成した新規微生物を種子と共に、20℃以上、35℃以下の温度で培養して、種子の表面にバイオフィルムを形成させる、バイオフィルム被覆種子の作成方法。
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