JPWO2015146944A1 - 有機ハイドライド製造装置 - Google Patents
有機ハイドライド製造装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2015146944A1 JPWO2015146944A1 JP2016510361A JP2016510361A JPWO2015146944A1 JP WO2015146944 A1 JPWO2015146944 A1 JP WO2015146944A1 JP 2016510361 A JP2016510361 A JP 2016510361A JP 2016510361 A JP2016510361 A JP 2016510361A JP WO2015146944 A1 JPWO2015146944 A1 JP WO2015146944A1
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- anode
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- electrolyte membrane
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- organic hydride
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- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009902 electrolytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 9
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiridium Chemical compound O=[Ir]=O HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 2
- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021639 Iridium tetrachloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002849 PtRu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 methylcyclohexane Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEIMLTQPLAGXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-I tantalum(v) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Ta](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl OEIMLTQPLAGXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CALMYRPSSNRCFD-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrachloroiridium Chemical compound Cl[Ir](Cl)(Cl)Cl CALMYRPSSNRCFD-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
図1に示す有機ハイドライド製造装置(電解セル)に準じた構造を実施例1とした。以下、実施例1の有機ハイドライド製造装置の詳細について説明する。
実施例2の有機ハイドライド製造装置は、アノード基板として、短目方向中心間距離2.0mm、長目方向中心間距離4.0mm、板厚0.6mm、刻み幅0.6mm、開口率45%のエキスパンドメッシュを使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同様な構成である(表1参照)。
実施例3の有機ハイドライド製造装置は、電解質膜とアノードとの間のギャップを0.2mmとしたこと以外は、実施例2と同様な構成である(表1参照)。
実施例4の有機ハイドライド製造装置は、アノード基板として、短目方向中心間距離6.0mm、長目方向中心間距離10mm、板厚0.6mm、刻み幅1.0mm、開口率60%のエキスパンドメッシュを使用し、電解質膜とアノードとの間のギャップを0.02mmとしたこと以外は、実施例1と同様な構成である(表1参照)。
比較例1となる有機ハイドライド製造装置は、アノードとして日本べカルト社製Ti繊維焼結シートにIrO2をコーティングした電極を用いたことを除いて実施例1の有機ハイドライド製造装置と同様な構成とした。Ti焼結シートの多孔度は65%、平均孔径は約30mmである。
比較例2の有機ハイドライド製造装置は、アノードスペーサーを設けず、電解質膜とアノードとを密着させたこと以外は、実施例1と同様な構成である(表1参照)。
比較例3の有機ハイドライド製造装置は、アノード基板として、短目方向中心間距離3.0mm、長目方向中心間距離3.5mm、板厚1.0mm、刻み幅1.1mm、開口率20%のエキスパンドメッシュを使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同様な構成である(表1参照)。
比較例4の有機ハイドライド製造装置は、アノード基板として、短目方向中心間距離8.0mm、長目方向中心間距離12mm、板厚1.0mm、刻み幅1.1mm、開口率71%のエキスパンドメッシュを使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同様な構成である(表1参照)。
比較例5の有機ハイドライド製造装置は、電解質膜とアノードとの間のギャップを1.0mmとしたこと以外は、実施例2と同様な構成である(表1参照)。
図3に、定電圧電源によりアノードとカソードとの間に1.7Vを印加したときの実施例1の有機ハイドライド製造装置における電流密度の経時変化と定電圧電源によりアノードとカソードとの間に1.75Vを印加したときの比較例1の有機ハイドライド製造装置における電流密度の経時変化を示す。実施例1の方が比較例1よりアノードとカソードとの間の電圧が低いにもかかわらず、比較例1より高い電流密度が得られた。また、比較例1では初期に大きな電圧低下が認められ、試験終了後の観察から、Ti繊維焼結シート内に気泡の残留が認められた。このことから、実施例1は比較例1に比べて、アノード側で発生する酸素ガスが電極近傍に滞留することなく上部へ抜けるために、主としてアノード側ガスブロッキングに伴う過電圧上昇が起こらず、低い極間電圧でも高い電流密度が得られたと考察できる。また、実施例1において、カソード側の電位が不安定になることによる瞬時的な水素発生(有機物還元に対するファラデー効率の低下)は見られず、電解反応中のアノード状態が良好であることによって、カソード反応も好ましく進行していることが確認された。
Claims (5)
- プロトン伝導性を有する固体高分子電解質膜と、
前記固体高分子電解質膜の一方の面に設けられ、被水素化物を還元して水素化物を生成するための電解水素化触媒を含むカソードと、
前記カソードを収容し、被水素化物が供給されるカソード室と、
前記固体高分子電解質膜の他方の面に設けられ、水を酸化してプロトンを生成する電極触媒を含むアノードと、
前記アノードを収容し、電解液が供給されるアノード室と、
を備え、
前記アノードと前記電解質膜との間にギャップが形成されていることを特徴とする有機ハイドライド製造装置。 - 前記アノードが、開口率30〜70%の網目構造を有し、電子伝導体で形成された給電支持材料と、前記給電支持材料に保持された前記電極触媒と、を有する請求項1に記載の有機ハイドライド製造装置。
- 前記アノードが短目方向中心間距離が0.1〜4mm、長目方向中心間距離が0.1〜6mmの菱形状の開口形状を有する請求項1または2に記載の有機ハイドライド製造装置。
- 前記ギャップは、0.02〜0.2mmである請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の有機ハイドライド製造装置。
- 前記電解液が、20℃で測定したイオン伝導度が0.01S/cm以上の硫酸、リン酸、硝酸又は塩酸である請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の有機ハイドライド製造装置。
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