JPWO2014080997A1 - ミッドカインに対するアプタマー及びその用途 - Google Patents
ミッドカインに対するアプタマー及びその用途 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2014080997A1 JPWO2014080997A1 JP2014548621A JP2014548621A JPWO2014080997A1 JP WO2014080997 A1 JPWO2014080997 A1 JP WO2014080997A1 JP 2014548621 A JP2014548621 A JP 2014548621A JP 2014548621 A JP2014548621 A JP 2014548621A JP WO2014080997 A1 JPWO2014080997 A1 JP WO2014080997A1
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- aptamer
- nucleic acid
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- seq
- nucleotide
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Abstract
Description
[1]式(I)で表される潜在的2次構造を形成できる、ミッドカインと結合するアプタマー。
X1、X2、X5およびX6は、それぞれ同一または異なって、A、G、C、UおよびTからなる群より選択される1つもしくは2つのヌクレオチド、または結合であり、
X1およびX6、ならびにX2およびX5は、それぞれワトソン−クリック塩基対を形成し、そして
X3およびX4は、それぞれ同一または異なって、A、G、C、UおよびTから選択されるヌクレオチドである。)
[2]X1、X2、X5およびX6が、それぞれ同一または異なって、A、G、C、UおよびTからなる群より選択される1つのヌクレオチドである、[1]に記載のアプタマー。
[3]X3が、AまたはUであり、X4が、Cである、[1]または[2]に記載のアプタマー。
[4]以下の(a)〜(c)のいずれかの核酸を一部または全部として含む、15から100ヌクレオチド長の核酸:
(a)配列番号1〜12および20のいずれかとして定義される核酸;
(b)上記(a)の核酸において、1ないし数個のヌクレオチドが置換、欠失、挿入又は付加された核酸であり、かつミッドカインと結合する核酸;
(c)上記(a)または(b)の核酸において、1又は複数個のヌクレオチドのリボースの2’位の基が他の基で置換されている、核酸。
[5]ヌクレオチド長が45以下である、[1]〜[4]のいずれか一に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸。
[6]少なくとも1つのヌクレオチドが修飾されている、[1]〜[5]のいずれか一に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸。
[7]inverted dTまたはポリエチレングリコールで修飾されている、[5]または[6]に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸。
[8]inverted dTまたはポリエチレングリコールが、アプタマーまたは核酸の5’末端または3’末端に結合している、[7]に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸。
[9]各ピリミジンヌクレオチドのリボースの2’位のヒドロキシル基が、同一または異なって、無置換であるか、水素原子、フッ素原子およびメトキシ基からなる群より選ばれる原子または基で置き換えられている、[5]〜[8]のいずれか一に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸。
[10]各プリンヌクレオチドのリボースの2’位のヒドロキシル基が、同一または異なって、無置換であるか、水素原子、フッ素原子およびメトキシ基からなる群より選ばれる原子または基で置き換えられている、[5]〜[8]のいずれか一に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸。
[11]ミッドカインの癌細胞への結合を阻害する、[1]〜[10]のいずれか一に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸。
[12]ミッドカイン依存性の細胞増殖を阻害する、[1]〜[10]のいずれか一に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸。
[13][1]〜[12]のいずれか一に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸を含む、医薬組成物。
[14][1]〜[12]のいずれか一に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸を含む、癌の治療薬。
X1、X2、X5およびX6は、それぞれ同一または異なって、A、G、C、UおよびTからなる群より選択される1つもしくは2つのヌクレオチド、または結合であり、
X1およびX6、ならびにX2およびX5は、それぞれワトソン−クリック塩基対を形成し、そして
X3およびX4は、それぞれ同一または異なって、A、G、C、UおよびTから選択されるヌクレオチドである。)
を形成できる、ミッドカインと結合するアプタマー(以下、「本発明のアプタマー」と称する場合がある)を提供する。
一本鎖核酸は種々の2次構造をとることができる。「潜在的2次構造」とは、ある一本鎖核酸が、その1次構造からみて熱力学的にとり得る2次構造を意味するが、特に本発明のアプタマーにおける潜在的2次構造は、後述の実施例1に記載のMFOLDプログラムを用いて予測することができる2次構造である。従って、上記式(I)で表される2次構造をとり得る1次構造を有する限り、現に当該2次構造をとっていない核酸であっても、本発明のアプタマーに包含される。
よって好ましくは、本発明のアプタマーは、その1次構造からみて、コンセンサス配列である(X1)(X2)UG(X3)GUGGUUUAU(X4)CG(X5)(X6)(配列番号20)が熱力学的に安定に上記式(I)で表される2次構造をとり得る核酸分子である。
「ステム構造」とは、核酸分子内の相補性を有する部分ヌクレオチド配列同士がワトソン−クリック塩基対(G-CもしくはA-U/T)を形成した構造をいうが、本明細書においては、上記両ヌクレオチド配列は完全相補的である必要はなく、ミスマッチおよび/またはG-U/Tのwobblingを許容するものである。すなわち、ステム構造を形成するヌクレオチド配列の一部のヌクレオチド同士がワトソン−クリック塩基対を形成していれば、必ずしもそれ以外のヌクレオチド同士の全てがワトソン−クリック塩基対を形成している必要はない。
(a)配列番号1〜12および20のいずれかとして定義される核酸;
(b)上記(a)の核酸において、1ないし数個のヌクレオチドが置換、欠失、挿入又は付加された核酸であり、かつミッドカインと結合する核酸;
(c)上記(a)または(b)の核酸において、1又は複数個のヌクレオチドのリボースの2’位の基が他の基で置換されている、核酸
を提供する。
なお、配列上のいずれのウラシルもチミンへ置き換えることができるが、置き換えられるウラシルは、本発明のアプタマーが有する活性を保つべく、好ましくは、前記潜在的2次構造におけるループ構造以外の部分におけるウラシルであり得る。
上記(b)において、置換、欠失、挿入又は付加されるヌクレオチドの位置は特に限定されないが、本発明のアプタマーが有する活性を保つべく、好ましくは前記潜在的2次構造におけるループ構造以外の部分におけるヌクレオチドであり得る。あるいは、置換、欠失、挿入又は付加されるヌクレオチドの位置は、配列番号1〜12および20に共通するコンセンサス配列:UGXGUGGUUUAUCCG(X=A or U;配列番号21)以外の部分であり得る。
これらの連結物も、MKに結合し且つ/又はMKの活性(MK受容体との結合活性等)を阻害し得る。
ここで連結はタンデム結合にて行われ得る。また、連結に際し、リンカーを利用してもよい。リンカーとしては、ヌクレオチド鎖(例、1〜約20ヌクレオチド)、非ヌクレオチド鎖(例、−(CH2)n−リンカー、−(CH2CH2O)n−リンカー、ヘキサエチレングリコールリンカー、TEGリンカー、ペプチドを含むリンカー、−S−S−結合を含むリンカー、−CONH−結合を含むリンカー、−OPO3−結合を含むリンカー)が挙げられる。上記複数の連結物における複数とは、2以上であれば特に限定されないが、例えば2個、3個又は4個であり得る。
本発明のアプタマーにおいて、ウラシルをチミンに置換することによって、MKに対する結合性、MKとMK受容体との結合阻害活性、MKの癌細胞結合活性、アプタマーの安定性、薬物送達性、血液中での安定性等を高めることが可能である。
測定にはBIAcore社製のBIAcore2000を用いる。センサーチップにアプタマーを固定化する。固定化量は1000RUとする。生理的な緩衝液(溶液A:実施例1参照)によりMK溶液(0.5μM)を調製する。このMK溶液を70μL注入し、MKのアプタマーへの結合を検出する。得られた波形データから結合シグナルが観察された場合、該アプタマーはMKへの結合能を有すると判定する。
もしくは式(I’)
および上記各式に含まれる本発明のアプタマーのコンセンサス配列
連結基としては、−O−、−N−又は−S−が例示され、これらの連結基を通じて隣接するヌクレオチドに結合し得る。
改変はまた、キャッピングのような3’及び5’の改変を含んでもよい。
このようなPEGとしては特に限定されず、当業者であれば市販あるいは公知のPEGを適宜選択して用いることができる(例えば、http://www.peg-drug.com/peg_product/branched.htmlを参照のこと)が、本発明のアプタマーに適用するPEGの好適例として具体的には、分子量40000の2分岐GS型PEG(SUNBRIGHT GL2−400GS2 日油社製)、分子量40000の2分岐TS型PEG(SUNBRIGHT GL2−400TS 日油社製)、分子量40000の4分岐TS型PEG(SUNBRIGHT GL4−400TS 日油社製)、分子量80000の2分岐TS型PEG(SUNBRIGHT GL2−800TS 日油社製)、または分子量80000の4分岐TS型PEG(SUNBRIGHT GL4−800TS 日油社製)などが挙げられる。
配列番号7〜12で表される配列は、本発明のアプタマーがMKに結合し、MKの活性、特に癌細胞への結合活性を阻害するなど、本発明のアプタマーとして機能する上で重要な部分であるが、これらの配列の両端に新しい配列を付加しても本発明のアプタマーとしての機能が損なわれることはない。またこれらの配列は、前記した糖残基の修飾・核酸塩基やリン酸基の改変などを受けていてもよい。
配列番号7〜12で表される配列を含み、かつヌクレオチド長が45以下であることを特徴とする、MKに結合するアプタマーであって、
(i)少なくとも1種のヌクレオチドが、リボースの2’位において、ヒドロキシル基が、水素原子、フッ素原子、−O−アルキル基、−O−アシル基またはアミノ基で置き換えられている、アプタマー;
(ii)PEG、アミノ酸、ペプチド、inverted dT、Myristoyl、Lithocolic-oleyl、Docosanyl、Lauroyl、Stearoyl、Palmitoyl、Oleoyl、Linoleoyl、その他脂質、ステロイド、コレステロール、カフェイン、ビタミン、色素、蛍光物質、抗癌剤、毒素、酵素、放射性物質またはビオチンが末端に付加されている、アプタマー;
(iii)(i)および(ii)の要件を満足するアプタマー;
などを、好ましい具体例として挙げることができる。
MKに特異的に結合するアプタマー(MKアプタマー)はSELEX法を用いて作製した。SELEX法はEllingtonらの方法(Ellington and Szostak,Nature 346,818−822,1990)及びTuerkらの方法(Tuerk and Gold, Science 249,505−510,1990)を改良して行った。標的物質であるヒトMKはMurasugiらの方法(Murasugi and Tohma−Aiba,Protein Expression and Purification 27, 244−252,2003)を参考にして、酵母を用いて作製した。以下、特記されていない場合、MKはヒトMKを意味することとする。MKはアミノカップリングによってアガロース樹脂(NHS−activated Sepharose,Amersham Bioscience社製)に固定化した。アミノカップリングはAmersham Bioscience社の仕様書にそって行った。固定化量は、固定化前のミッドカイン溶液と固定化直後の上清をSDS−PAGEにより調べることで確認した。SDS−PAGEの結果、上清からはMKのバンドは検出されず、使用したMKのほぼ全てがカップリングされたことが確認された。約175μgのミッドカインが約70μLの樹脂に固定化されたことになる。
DNA鋳型:5’−tcctcattcctgtcctcta−40n−ttcctcttctcctctccc−3’(配列番号13)
プライマーFwd:5’−taatacgactcactatagggagaggagaagaggaa−3’(配列番号14)
プライマーRev:5’−tcctcattcctgtcctcta−3’(配列番号15)
nはa,g,c又はtのいずれか一つを示す。プライマーFwdはT7 RNAポリメラーゼのプロモーター配列を含んでいる。最初のラウンドで用いたRNAプールのバリエーションは理論上1014であった。
配列番号1
GGGAGAGGAGAAGAGGAAGC(F)U(F)AU(F)C(F)GC(F)AAU(F)GGU(F)GAGU(F)GGU(F)U(F)U(F)AU(F)C(F)C(F)GC(F)C(F)U(F)GC(F)GC(F)AU(F)GGU(F)U(F)AGAGGAC(F)AGGAAU(F)GAGGA
実施例1と同様のSELEXをDNA鋳型とプライマー配列を変えて行った。
DNA鋳型:5’−ctctcatgtcggccgtta−40n−taacggccgacatgagag−3’(配列番号16)
プライマーFwd:5’−taatacgactcactatagggacacaatggacg−3’(配列番号17)
プライマーRev:5’−ctctcatgtcggccgtta−3’(配列番号18)
nはa,g,c又はtのいずれか一つを示す。
配列番号2
GGGAC(F)AC(F)AAU(F)GGAC(F)GU(F)C(F)U(F)GU(F)GU(F)GGU(F)U(F)U(F)AU(F)C(F)C(F)GGAU(F)GU(F)C(F)C(F)GU(F)C(F)GU(F)C(F)C(F)U(F)C(F)U(F)GU(F)C(F)AU(F)GU(F)AAC(F)GGC(F)C(F)GAC(F)AU(F)GAGAG
配列番号3
GGGAC(F)AC(F)AAU(F)GGAC(F)GU(F)C(F)U(F)GU(F)GU(F)GGU(F)U(F)U(F)AU(F)C(F)C(F)GGAU(F)GU(F)C(F)C(F)GU(F)C(F)GU(F)C(F)C(F)U(F)C(F)U(F)GU(F)C(F)GU(F)GU(F)AAC(F)GGC(F)C(F)GAC(F)AU(F)GAGAG
配列番号4
GGGAC(F)AC(F)AAU(F)GGAC(F)GU(F)C(F)U(F)GU(F)GU(F)GGU(F)U(F)U(F)AU(F)C(F)C(F)GGAU(F)GU(F)C(F)C(F)GU(F)C(F)GU(F)C(F)C(F)U(F)C(F)U(F)GC(F)C(F)AU(F)GU(F)AAC(F)GGC(F)C(F)GAC(F)AU(F)GAGAG
配列番号5
GGGAC(F)AC(F)AAU(F)GGAC(F)GU(F)C(F)U(F)GU(F)GU(F)GGU(F)U(F)U(F)AU(F)C(F)C(F)GGAU(F)GU(F)C(F)C(F)GU(F)C(F)GU(F)C(F)C(F)U(F)C(F)GGU(F)C(F)AU(F)GU(F)AAC(F)GGC(F)C(F)GAC(F)AU(F)GAGAG
配列番号6
GGGAC(F)AC(F)AAU(F)GGAC(F)GU(F)C(F)U(F)GU(F)GU(F)GGU(F)U(F)U(F)AU(F)C(F)C(F)GGAC(F)GU(F)C(F)C(F)GU(F)C(F)GU(F)C(F)C(F)U(F)C(F)U(F)GU(F)C(F)GU(F)GU(F)AAC(F)GGC(F)C(F)GAC(F)AU(F)GAGAG
実施例1および2で得られた配列番号1〜6で表されるオリゴヌクレオチドのMKに対する結合活性を、表面プラズモン共鳴法により評価した。測定にはBIAcore社製のBIAcore2000を用いた。センサーチップにはストレプトアビジンが固定化されているSAチップを用いた。これに、5’末端にビオチンが結合している16ヌクレオチドのPoly dTを1000RU程度結合させた。リガンドとなるRNAは、3’末端に16ヌクレオチドのPoly Aを付加し、dTとAの結合によりSAチップに固定化した。固定化量は約1000RUとした。アナライト用のMKは0.5μMに調製したものを70μLインジェクトした。BIAcoreのランニングバッファーには溶液Aを用いた。測定の結果、全てのオリゴヌクレオチドがMKに強く結合することがわかった。
配列番号1および2で表されるアプタマーを基に、コンセンサス配列を残すようにして短鎖化を行い、配列番号1および2からそれぞれ配列番号7および8で表わされるアプタマーを得た。また、これらの短鎖化アプタマーに対し、ヌクレアーゼ耐性を向上させる目的でリボースの2’位にO−メチル修飾や3’末端にidT修飾を加えた。更に、薬物体内動態を向上させる目的でポリエチレングリコールを5’末端に付加した。
それらのアプタマーを実施例3と同様に表面プラズモン共鳴法で評価し、MKに対して結合活性を有していることを確認した。
配列番号7
GC(F)C(F)AU(F)C(F)GC(F)AAU(F)GGU(F)GAGU(F)GGU(F)U(F)U(F)AU(F)C(F)C(F)GC(F)C(F)U(F)GC(F)GC(F)AU(F)GGC(F)
配列番号7−1
G(M)C(M)C(M)AU(F)C(F)GC(F)AAU(F)GGU(F)GAGU(F)GGU(F)U(F)U(F)AU(F)C(F)C(F)GC(F)C(F)U(F)GC(F)GC(F)AU(F)G(M)G(M)C(M)
配列番号8
GU(F)C(F)U(F)GU(F)GU(F)GGU(F)U(F)U(F)AU(F)C(F)C(F)GGAC(F)
配列番号8−1
G(M)U(F)C(F)U(F)GU(F)GU(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(M)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)G(M)A(M)C(F)
配列番号8−2
80PEG4ts−G(M)U(F)C(F)U(F)GU(F)GU(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(M)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)G(M)A(M)C−idT
配列番号8−3
80PEG4gs−G(M)U(F)C(F)U(F)GU(F)GU(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(M)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)G(M)A(M)C−idT
配列番号8−4
80PEG4ts−G(M)U(M)C(M)U(F)GU(F)GU(M)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(M)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)G(M)A(M)C(M)−idT
配列番号8−5
80PEG4gs−G(M)U(M)C(M)U(F)GU(F)GU(M)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(M)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)G(M)A(M)C(M)−idT
MKが癌細胞に結合することをMKアプタマーが阻害できるかどうか検討した。MKと癌細胞の結合を検出するためにアルカリホスファターゼが結合したMKタンパク質(AP−MK)を用いた。
配列番号19
G(M)C(M)C(M)AU(F)GGU(F)GGU(F)C(F)AAC(F)C(F)GU(F)C(F)GGU(F)AU(F)U(F)GC(F)C(F)GC(F)AGU(F)U(F)AC(F)U(F)G(M)G(M)C(M)
配列番号7−2
40PEG2ts−G(M)C(M)C(M)AU(F)C(F)GC(F)AAU(F)GGU(F)GAGU(F)GGU(F)U(F)U(F)AU(F)C(F)C(F)GC(F)C(F)U(F)GC(F)GC(F)AU(F)G(M)G(M)C(M)−idT
配列番号7−3
40PEG2ts−G(M)C(M)C(M)A(M)U(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)A(M)A(M)U(M)G(M)G(M)U(F)GAGU(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(M)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)C(M)U(M)G(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)A(M)U(M)G(M)G(M)C(M)−idT
配列番号7−4
40PEG2ts−G(M)C(M)C(M)A(M)U(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)A(M)A(M)U(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)GAGU(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(F)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)C(F)U(F)G(M)C(F)G(M)C(F)A(M)U(F)G(M)G(M)C(M)−idT
配列番号7−5
G(M)C(M)C(M)A(M)U(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)A(M)A(M)U(M)G(M)G(M)U(F)GA(M)GU(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(M)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)C(M)U(M)G(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)A(M)U(M)G(M)G(M)C(M)−idT
配列番号7−6
G(M)C(M)C(M)A(M)U(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)A(M)A(M)U(M)G(M)G(M)U(M)GA(M)GU(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(M)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)C(M)U(M)G(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)A(M)U(M)G(M)G(M)C(M)−idT
配列番号7−7
G(M)C(M)C(M)A(M)U(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)A(M)A(M)U(M)G(M)G(M)U(F)GA(M)GU(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(M)AU(F)C(F)C(M)G(M)C(F)C(M)U(M)G(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)A(M)U(M)G(M)G(M)C(M)−idT
配列番号7−8
G(M)C(M)C(M)A(M)U(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)A(M)A(M)U(M)G(M)G(M)U(F)GA(M)GU(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(M)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)C(M)C(M)U(M)G(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)A(M)U(M)G(M)G(M)C(M)−idT
配列番号7−9
G(M)C(M)C(M)A(M)U(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)A(M)A(M)U(M)G(M)G(M)U(F)GA(M)G(M)U(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(M)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)C(M)U(M)G(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)A(M)U(M)G(M)G(M)C(M)−idT
配列番号9(配列番号7−1の末端にpolyAを付けたものである)
G(M)C(M)C(M)AU(F)C(F)GC(F)AAU(F)GGU(F)GAGU(F)GGU(F)U(F)U(F)AU(F)C(F)C(F)GC(F)C(F)U(F)GC(F)GC(F)AU(F)G(M)G(M)C(M)aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
配列番号9−1
G(M)C(M)C(M)A(M)U(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)A(M)A(M)U(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)GAGU(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(F)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)C(F)U(F)G(M)C(F)G(M)C(F)A(M)U(F)G(M)G(M)C(M)aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
配列番号9−2
G(M)C(M)C(M)A(M)U(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)A(M)A(M)U(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)G(M)AGU(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(F)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)C(F)U(F)G(M)C(F)G(M)C(F)A(M)U(F)G(M)G(M)C(M)aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
配列番号9−3
G(M)C(M)C(M)A(M)U(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)A(M)A(M)U(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)GA(M)GU(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(F)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)C(F)U(F)G(M)C(F)G(M)C(F)A(M)U(F)G(M)G(M)C(M)aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
配列番号9−4
G(M)C(M)C(M)A(M)U(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)A(M)A(M)U(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)GAG(M)U(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(F)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)C(F)U(F)G(M)C(F)G(M)C(F)A(M)U(F)G(M)G(M)C(M)aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
配列番号9−5
G(M)C(M)C(M)A(M)U(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)A(M)A(M)U(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)GAGU(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(F)A(M)U(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)C(F)U(F)G(M)C(F)G(M)C(F)A(M)U(F)G(M)G(M)C(M)aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
配列番号10(配列番号7−3から2塩基対(4ヌクレオチド)およびPEGを除いたものである。)
G(M)C(M)U(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)A(M)A(M)U(M)G(M)G(M)U(F)GAGU(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(M)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)C(M)U(M)G(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)A(M)G(M)C(M)−idT
配列番号11(配列番号7−6の末端11ヌクレオチドを除き、G−C対を付加したものである。)
G(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)A(M)A(M)U(M)G(M)G(M)U(M)GA(M)GU(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(M)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)C(M)U(M)G(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)−idT
配列番号11−1
G(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)A(M)A(M)U(M)G(M)G(M)U(M)GA(M)GU(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(M)AU(F)C(F)C(M)G(M)C(M)C(M)U(M)G(M)C(M)G(M)C(M)−idT
配列番号12(配列番号7−3の末端11ヌクレオチドおよびPEGを除いたものである。)
C(M)G(M)C(M)A(M)A(M)U(M)G(M)G(M)U(F)GAGU(F)G(M)G(M)U(F)U(F)U(M)AU(F)C(F)C(F)G(M)C(F)C(M)U(M)G(M)C(M)G(M)−idT
(X1)(X2)UG(X3)GUGGUUUAU(X4)CG(X5)(X6)(配列番号20)
ここで、末端部分のヌクレオチドX1とX6およびX2とX5はそれぞれ塩基対を作る。X1〜X6はA、G、C、Uのいずれでもよい。また、UはTであってもよい。
まず初めに、TNB1細胞がMKを産生しているかどうかウエスタンブロッティングにより確認した。TNB1細胞を10%FBSを加えたRPMI1640培地で37℃、5%CO2の条件下で培養した。得られた培養上清は、3000rpmで5分間遠心して細胞を除いた後、15000rpmで30分間遠心して不溶物を取り除き、SDS−PAGE(7.5%ポリアクリルアミドゲル)に供した。電気泳動後のタンパク質はPVDF膜(Millipore社製)に転写し、メンブレンは、ブロッキング溶液(5%スキムミルク、0.05%Tween20、PBS)で1時間ブロッキングした後、ブロッキング溶液にマウス抗MK抗体を加えた溶液で室温にて2時間以上反応させた。その後、洗浄液(0.05%Tween20、PBS)でメンブレンを2回洗浄し、ブロッキング溶液にHRP標識抗マウスIgG抗体を加えた溶液で室温にて1時間反応させた。反応後、洗浄液でメンブレンを3回洗浄し、ECL Plus Western Blotting Detection System(Amersham Pharmacia Biotech)を用い、LAS−4000mini EPUV(富士フイルム社製)にて検出した。その結果、使用するTNB1細胞からMKが産生されていることが確認できた。
ミッドカインは骨芽細胞前駆細胞の細胞浸潤作用を有することが知られている(Qi et al., J. Biol. Chem. 276 (19), 15868−15875, 2001)。そこで、作製したMKアプタマーがミッドカインの細胞遊走活性を阻害するかどうか、ラットの骨芽細胞前駆細胞であるUMR106細胞(ATCC No. CRL1661)を用いて調べた。ケモタキセル(膜孔径8μm、クラボウ社製)の膜外面に1.5μMのミッドカイン30μLを塗布し、膜外面にミッドカインを固定化した。RNAアプタマー100nMを含む500μLの培地(0.3%ウシ血清アルブミン添加、Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium)を添加した24穴カルチャープレートに、ミッドカインを固定化したケモタキセルを設置した。ケモタキセルチェンバー内層にはUMR106細胞を1x106 cells/mLの濃度で200μL入れ、37℃で4時間培養した。ケモタキセルチェンバー内層に残存した細胞を除去し、ミッドカイン塗布面に浸潤し接着した細胞をメタノールで固定した。ケモタキセルチェンバーを1%クリスタルバイオレット水溶液に30分間浸して細胞を染色した。ケモタキセルチェンバーを蒸留水で洗浄、乾燥した後、200μLの1%SDSと1%TritonX100の混合液で色素を抽出した。抽出液の150μLを96穴マイクロプレートに移し、590nmの吸光度を測定した。
測定の結果、配列番号7−1で表わされるアプタマーを500nM添加しても顕著な細胞遊走の阻害は観察されなかった。一方、国際公開第2008/059877号記載の配列番号45−4−1のアプタマーを用いるとIC50値は44nMであった。また、国際公開第2009/063998号記載の配列番号7を用いるとIC50値は13nMであった。以上より、本明細書記載のアプタマーは細胞遊走阻害能を有していない点で、国際公開第2008/059877号や国際公開第2009/063998号に記載されているアプタマーと異なることがわかった。
TNB1細胞をマトリゲル(BD Biosciences)と等量ずつ混合し、200μL(10000 cells)をKSNヌードマウスの腹部皮下に移植した。腫瘍が径5mm程度に達する3週間後から、腫瘍あたり100μgのアプタマーを週に2回、合計8回腫瘍内投与した。週に一度腫瘍の体積を測定し(幅×幅×長さ/2)、一回目の投与から4週間後に安楽死させ、腫瘍の重さを測定した。
Claims (14)
- 式(I)で表される潜在的2次構造を形成できる、ミッドカインと結合するアプタマー。
X1、X2、X5およびX6は、それぞれ同一または異なって、A、G、C、UおよびTからなる群より選択される1つもしくは2つのヌクレオチド、または結合であり、
X1およびX6、ならびにX2およびX5は、それぞれワトソン−クリック塩基対を形成し、そして
X3およびX4は、それぞれ同一または異なって、A、G、C、UおよびTから選択されるヌクレオチドである。) - X1、X2、X5およびX6が、それぞれ同一または異なって、A、G、C、UおよびTからなる群より選択される1つのヌクレオチドである、請求項1に記載のアプタマー。
- X3が、AまたはUであり、X4が、Cである、請求項1または2に記載のアプタマー。
- 以下の(a)〜(c)のいずれかの核酸を一部または全部として含む、15から100ヌクレオチド長の核酸:
(a)配列番号1〜12および20のいずれかとして定義される核酸;
(b)上記(a)の核酸において、1ないし数個のヌクレオチドが置換、欠失、挿入又は付加された核酸であり、かつミッドカインと結合する核酸;
(c)上記(a)または(b)の核酸において、1又は複数個のヌクレオチドのリボースの2’位の基が他の基で置換されている、核酸。 - ヌクレオチド長が45以下である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸。
- 少なくとも1つのヌクレオチドが修飾されている、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸。
- inverted dTまたはポリエチレングリコールで修飾されている、請求項5または6に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸。
- inverted dTまたはポリエチレングリコールが、アプタマーまたは核酸の5’末端または3’末端に結合している、請求項7に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸。
- 各ピリミジンヌクレオチドのリボースの2’位のヒドロキシル基が、同一または異なって、無置換であるか、水素原子、フッ素原子およびメトキシ基からなる群より選ばれる原子または基で置き換えられている、請求項5〜8のいずれか1項に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸。
- 各プリンヌクレオチドのリボースの2’位のヒドロキシル基が、同一または異なって、無置換であるか、水素原子、フッ素原子およびメトキシ基からなる群より選ばれる原子または基で置き換えられている、請求項5〜8のいずれか1項に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸。
- ミッドカインの癌細胞への結合を阻害する、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸。
- ミッドカイン依存性の細胞増殖を阻害する、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸。
- 請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸を含む、医薬組成物。
- 請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載のアプタマーまたは核酸を含む、癌の治療薬。
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WO2014080997A1 (ja) | 2014-05-30 |
EP2924120A1 (en) | 2015-09-30 |
JP6352810B2 (ja) | 2018-07-04 |
US20150353933A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
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