JPWO2012002547A1 - ボセンタン固体分散体 - Google Patents
ボセンタン固体分散体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JPWO2012002547A1 JPWO2012002547A1 JP2012522721A JP2012522721A JPWO2012002547A1 JP WO2012002547 A1 JPWO2012002547 A1 JP WO2012002547A1 JP 2012522721 A JP2012522721 A JP 2012522721A JP 2012522721 A JP2012522721 A JP 2012522721A JP WO2012002547 A1 JPWO2012002547 A1 JP WO2012002547A1
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- Prior art keywords
- bosentan
- solid dispersion
- solvent
- dispersion according
- matrix component
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Description
従って本発明の課題は、pHに依存することなくボセンタンの水への溶出性が良好で、長期間保存してもその溶出性が維持されたボセンタン含有医薬組成物を提供することにある。
また、本発明は、上記のボセンタン固体分散体100質量部に対して、医薬添加成分を1〜10000質量部含有する医薬組成物を提供するものである。
また本発明は、上記のボセンタン固体分散体の製造法を提供するものである。
原料として用いるボセンタンは、製造上で単分子またはナノ粒子サイズに分散させるため、いずれの形態のものを用いてもよい。結晶、非晶質のいずれでも混合物でもよく、結晶としては公知の結晶多形のうちいずれを用いてもよい。
具体的には、37℃の水(蒸留水)への溶解濃度は50〜500μg/mLである。また、37℃のpH6.8の水性溶液、特に37℃のpH6.8のリン酸二水素カリウム−水酸化ナトリウム水溶液への溶解濃度は0.6〜10mg/mLである。ここでpH6.8の水性溶液への溶解濃度が高いことは、ボセンタンの吸収部位である腸管での溶出性が良好であることを意味する。
従って、本発明のボセンタン固体分散体は、水にボセンタンが溶解したときの溶解濃度を長時間に渡って維持することができる。
蒸留水の溶出試験において、120分後及び1日後の場合、本発明の固体分散体は非結晶ボンセンタンに対して、それぞれ1.5倍以上、好ましくは2倍以上の溶解濃度を有する。
本発明のボセンタン固体分散体は、マトリックス成分中にボセンタンが単分子及び/又は微細粒子で分散した構造からなる。微細粒子の大きさとしては、平均粒子径が400nm以下、好ましくは200nm以下、より好ましくは50nm、最も好ましくは20nm以下である。ボセンタン固体分散体の構造は、後述の粉末X線構造解析によって結晶が実質的に確認されないこと、熱分析によってボセンタン結晶特有の吸熱ピークが確認されないことから同定することができる。
本発明のボセンタン固体分散体は、一般的に薬物の固体分散体を製造する方法によって製造することができる。例えば、溶媒法、溶融法、メカノケミカル法が挙げられる。
溶媒を除去する方法としては、エバポレーション法、噴霧法、ろ過法、凍結乾燥法などが挙げられる。噴霧法には流動層法、噴霧乾燥法、転動層法、攪拌法、超臨界法などがあり、溶媒を短時間で除去できることから、ボセンタンとマトリックス成分が溶媒中と同様な分子分散状態での固体分散体を得ることができるため、噴霧法が好ましい。噴霧法のうち、溶媒を瞬時に除去し、大量に連続生産可能であることから噴霧乾燥法が好ましい。
抗凝血剤としては、例えば、ワーファリンなどである。
抗血小板薬としては、例えば、アスピリンなどである。
カルシウムチャネル遮断剤としては、例えば、ジルチアゼム、ニフェジピン、アムロジピン、ニソルジピン、アゼルニジピン、ニカルジピン、ニモジピン、イスラジピン、ニトレンジピン、フェロジピン及びベラパミルなどである。
血管拡張剤としては、例えば、プロスタサイクリン及び一酸化窒素などである。
エンドセリン受容体拮抗剤としては、例えば、ボセンタンの他に、シタキセンタン、アンブリセンタン、クラゾセンタン及びマシテンタンなどである。
結晶ボセンタン一水和物の粉末40mgとそれぞれ表1のポリマー40mgを50mLのナス型フラスコに投げ入れ、混合溶媒(塩化メチレン/エタノール=8/2)30mLを加えて溶解させた。アスピレーター減圧下、温度40℃で溶媒を留去しのち、1晩、減圧下(5Torr以下)、40℃で乾燥し、ボセンタン固体分散体を得た。
前述の実験で得た試料を含むナス型フラスコを37℃の温浴に浸し、37℃の崩壊試験液第2液(pH6.8)40mL溶液を加えてフラスコ口をパラフィン紙で閉じ、100回/分で震盪させながら、経時的に水溶液を採取し、その溶液を0.45μmのフィルターで篩過し、その溶液0.2mLをメタノールで10mLに希釈した。UV測定器(JASCO−MPD型、日本分光(株)製)で270nmの波長の吸光度を測定し溶解濃度を求めた。
結果を表2に示す。なお、比較例1はボセンタン一水和物結晶粉末である。
ここで崩壊試験液2液は、0.2Mリン酸二水素カリウム試液250mLに0.2N水酸化ナトリウム試薬118mL及び水を加えて1000mLとすることにより調製した。この液は無色澄明で、そのpHは約6.8である。
前述の実験と同じ条件で得たボセンタン固体分散体をナス型フラスコごと口を開放し、温度40℃、湿度75%の条件下(加速試験)で2週間保持した。
先の溶出試験1と同様の方法により、第2液を用いて溶出試験を行って経時的に溶解濃度を測定した。結果を表3に示す。
結晶ボセンタン一水和物の粉末200mgとそれぞれ表4のポリマー200mgを50mLのナス型フラスコに投げ入れ、混合溶媒(塩化メチレン/エタノール=8/2)30mLを加えて溶解させた。アスピレーター減圧下、温度40℃で溶媒を留去しのち、1晩、減圧下(5Torr以下)、40℃で乾燥し、ボセンタン固体分散体を得た。
なお、比較例6は結晶ボセンタン一水和物単独で同様の操作を行ったものである。
前述の実験で得た試料を含むナス型フラスコを37℃の温浴に浸し、37℃の蒸留水40mLを加えてフラスコ口をパラフィン紙で閉じ、100回/分で震盪させながら、経時的に水溶液を採取し、先の溶出試験1と同様の方法で水溶液のボセンタン溶解濃度を測定した。結果を表5に示す。1日放置後の水溶液中のボセンタン濃度を表6に示す。
また、溶出試験の溶液を1日放置した後、本発明のボセンタン固体分散体は濃度低下がほとんど起きていない。比較例1、6においては、溶解試験の120分後に対して1/5に濃度が低下している。本発明のボセンタン固体分散体は水溶液中においても濃度を維持し、ボセンタン結晶の析出がほとんど起こらず、溶解性が極めて優れている。
(実施例15)
結晶ボセンタン一水和物の粉末1gとヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース1gを100mLの溶媒(塩化メチレン:エタノール=8:2)に溶解させた。ついで、入熱温度80℃、排熱温度50℃、噴霧速度6mL/分で噴霧乾燥を行い、得られた粉末を更に1晩、減圧下(5Torr以下)、40℃で乾燥してボセンタン固体分散体の粉末を得た。
結晶ボセンタン一水和物の粉末1gを50mLの溶媒(塩化メチレン:エタノール=8:2)に溶解させた。ついで、入熱温度80℃、排熱温度50℃、噴霧速度6mL/分で噴霧乾燥を行い、得られた粉末を更に1晩、減圧下(5Torr以下)、40℃で乾燥して非晶質ボセンタンの粉末を得た。
実施例15、比較例7、比較例1(結晶ボセンタン一水和物)を開口し、温度40℃、相対湿度75%の条件で2週間保持した。
加速試験を行った試料30mLのスクリュー管にとり、37℃の試験液(蒸留水又は第2液(pH6.8))を加え、1分間震盪した後、37℃の温浴に浸し、150回/分で震盪させながら随時濃度を先の溶出試験1と同様の方法でボセンタンの溶解濃度を測定した。投入した試料の量はボセンタン相当で蒸留水の場合15mg、2液の場合30mgであった。蒸留水の結果を表7に、第2液の結果を表8に示す。
X線測定装置(X’Pert−MPD型、フィリップス社製)を用いて結晶構造を測定した。結果を図1と図2に示す。
製造直後、本発明の固体分散体(実施例15)と非晶質ボセンタン(比較例7)はともに特定の結晶ピークが現れず、非結晶状態であることが分かる。温度40℃、相対湿度75%の加速試験後では、非晶質ボセンタン(比較例7)は結晶ピークが現れており、結晶状態に戻りつつある。対して本発明の固体分散体は非結晶状態を維持しており、本発明の固体分散体は非結晶状態の安定性が極めて高いことが分かる。
熱分析測定装置(Thermo plus DSC8230、(株)リガク製)を用いて吸熱ピークを測定した。結果を図3と図4に示す。製造直後、本発明の固体分散体(実施例15)と非晶質ボセンタン(比較例7)はともに特定の吸熱ピークが現れず、非結晶状態である。温度40℃、相対湿度75%の加速試験後、非晶質ボセンタン(比較例7)は65℃付近と108℃付近に吸熱ピークが現れており、結晶構造ができている。対して本発明の固体分散体は吸熱ピークがなく、非結晶状態を維持している。
Claims (11)
- (A)ボセンタンと(B)セルロース系ポリマー、合成ホモポリマー及び合成コポリマーから選ばれるマトリックス成分とからなる固体分散体であって、(A)と(B)との質量比(A:B)が1:0.05〜1:10であり、37℃の水への溶解濃度が50〜500μg/mLであり、37℃のpH6.8のリン酸二水素カリウム−水酸化ナトリウム水溶液への溶解濃度が0.6〜10mg/mLである固体分散体。
- 温度40℃、相対湿度75%で7日間放置後における、37℃の水への溶解濃度が50〜500μg/mLであり、37℃のpH6.8のリン酸二水素カリウム−水酸化ナトリウム水溶液への溶解濃度が0.6〜10mg/mLである請求項1記載の固体分散体。
- 粉末X線構造解析で実質的にボセンタンの結晶が確認されず、熱分解により115℃の吸熱ピークが観察されない請求項1又は2記載の固体分散体。
- (B)マトリックス成分が、ヒプロメロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースアセテートサクシネート、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースフタレート、セルロースアセテートフタレート、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリビニルピロリドンコポリマー及びメタクリル酸コポリマーから選ばれる1種以上である請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載の固体分散体。
- (A)と(B)との質量比(A:B)が1:0.1〜1:3である請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載の固体分散体。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載の固体分散体100質量部に対して、医薬添加成分を1〜10000質量部含有する医薬組成物。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載の固体分散体の製造方法であって、ボセンタンを溶媒に溶解、及びマトリックス成分を溶媒に溶解又は分散した後、溶媒を除去する固体分散体の製造方法。
- 溶媒除去が噴霧によって10分以内である請求項7に記載の固体分散体の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載の固体分散体の製造方法であって、ボセンタンとマトリックス成分を加熱により溶融した後、冷却する固体分散体の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載の固体分散体の製造方法であって、ボセンタンとマトリックス成分を混合し、粉砕・衝撃を与える固体分散体の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載の固体分散体の製造方法であって、ボセンタンを溶媒に溶解し、更にマトリックス成分を溶媒に溶解又は分散した後、貧溶媒を添加して析出する固体分散体の製造方法。
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