JPWO2009038103A1 - High-temperature combustion gas generator from biomass and apparatus for using combustion gas - Google Patents

Abstract

Composed of a vertical furnace (102) and a chimney (307, 510) connected to the vertical furnace (102) via an induction fan (305), the vertical furnace (102) is a biomass combustible provided at the top Is connected to the vertical furnace, a hollow grate (103) having a plurality of secondary air ejection holes (104) provided in the vertical furnace, and a vertical furnace above the grate A primary air supply pipe (106), a secondary air supply pipe (107, 123) connected to the vertical furnace or grate below the primary air supply pipe, and a vertical furnace connected to the lower part of the grate A tertiary air supply pipe (108), a high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe (109) connected to the vertical furnace at the bottom of the grate, an ash reservoir (112) provided at the bottom of the vertical furnace, and Side wall above the grate is formed with a downward spreading gradient with respect to the vertical plane Is, the high temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe has a configuration that connects to the linked via the induced draft fan and chimney.

Description

  The present invention relates to a high-temperature combustion gas generator and a combustion gas utilization device that generate clean high-temperature combustion gas by completely burning a solid biomass-based resource at high temperature without using auxiliary fuel.

  If biomass resources such as building waste, thinned wood, and various types of dried plants are roughly crushed, they can be put into a combustion gas generator and completely burned to generate clean high-temperature combustion gas. It becomes possible to extract highly useful thermal energy from a large amount of renewable energy resources. As means for solving this problem, for example, there is a technology of a vertical down-moving bed furnace shown in Patent Document 1 according to the invention of the present inventors.

  In this technology, a raw material inlet and an air inlet are installed at the top of the high-temperature combustion gas generator furnace, a grate is installed at the bottom, and raw materials are introduced from the top of the furnace. The hot gas contained is passed from the top to the bottom by the draft effect of the induction fan and / or the chimney, and the drying, volatilization (gasification), combustion and fixed carbon combustion are smoothly performed above the grate.

  The first object of the high-temperature combustion gas generator is to supply high-temperature heat using biomass gas as a fuel. However, there is a possibility that the generated high-temperature combustion gas can be used in addition to the heat source. For example, use of carbon dioxide contained in combustion gas exhaust. One example is to use a high-quality gas that can be used for promoting the growth of green house plant cultivation, neutralizing agent for alkaline drainage, or the like, using the whole or part of the combustion exhaust gas.

  In the greenhouse cultivation of plants, it is known that plants often have a growth rate accelerated by 20% or more due to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration. In order to supply carbon dioxide to the greenhouse, propane gas or kerosene is used as fuel to produce a clean combustion gas containing about 10% carbon dioxide, and this is supplied into the green house. However, this is to produce carbon dioxide by burning fossil fuel to promote plant growth, which is not environmentally preferable. In addition, for the same purpose, replenishment in the green house is also performed using a carbon dioxide cylinder manufactured for industrial use and supplied to the market. However, in this method, high-purity carbon dioxide gas with a high market value is diluted to several hundred to 1000 ppm and used, and there is a large gap between quality and application, and costs increase.

JP 2006-300501 A

  In order to shift the use of energy to renewable energy, there is a need for technology that can use biomass resources such as building waste, thinned wood, and various types of dried plants as clean, high-temperature thermal energy. Therefore, these biomass-based resources can be burned in a solid state to the extent that they are roughly crushed, and can be burned cleanly and completely without the risk of generating harmful gases such as dioxins, resulting in a hot gas exceeding 1000 ° C. Establishment of small-scale distributed equipment technology is desired. However, the conventional technology is not yet sufficient in terms of performance, and there are problems to be improved with respect to, for example, blockage of the combustion path due to raw material residue and sufficient and appropriate supply of combustion air. Further, there is a demand for an apparatus configuration that not only uses combustion gas obtained from a combustion apparatus for heat supply but also converts carbon dioxide in combustion exhaust gas into a quality that can be used in some industries.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional high-temperature combustion gas generator created and implemented by the present inventors. The combustion furnace 601 is a shaft furnace type fixed bed, and a grate 603 is provided at the lower part of the combustion furnace. Biomass serving as fuel has a chip of about 10 cm in an appropriate shape, and this is introduced from a fuel input part 627 at the top of the combustion furnace 601.

  Combustion air is supplied from above from a primary air supply pipe 606, a secondary air supply pipe 607 near the grate 603, and a tertiary air supply pipe 608 located below the grate 603. The flow of air or combustion gas in the combustion furnace 601 is attracted to a chimney (not shown) by an induction fan (not shown) in which the combustion gas is provided from a high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe 609. Therefore, the flow of air or combustion gas in the combustion furnace 601 is a downward flow. In this manner, the combustion in the combustion furnace reaches the maximum combustion temperature near the top of the grate 603, and the combustion gas containing some combustible gas is supplied to the bottom combustion chamber 611 below the grate in the tertiary air supply. Clean and complete combustion is achieved by the air supplied by the tube 108.

The cleanliness of the gas properties of the high-temperature combustion gas generated at this time is shown in the following example.
Oxygen (O ₂ ) 4.2%
Carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) 14.6%
Hydrogen chloride (HCl) 430ppm
Hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) 120 ppm
Hydrocarbon _{(C m} H n) 0%
Carbon monoxide (CO) 0%
Dioxin below detection limit Combustion temperature 1220 ° C

  However, this combustion apparatus tends to cause a bridging phenomenon on the side wall of the vertical furnace, and the movement of the raw material toward the bottom of the furnace may stagnate, and improvement is required from the viewpoint of maintenance and clogging of combustion residues.

The object of the present invention is to provide a high temperature that smoothly moves the input biomass in the combustion furnace and stabilizes the combustion state of the biomass in a more complete state as compared with the conventional combustion apparatus shown in FIG. A combustion gas generator and an effective utilization device for the combustion gas generated from this device are provided.
In order to suppress the rising vector of biomass in the drying, volatilization (gasification), combustion, and fixed carbon combustion of biomass, the inventors have formed a flow of air that descends in the moving bed, so that air is contained in the apparatus. It spreads over the entire cross section and flows down uniformly, and it was found that stable combustible gasification and combustion were continued, and the present invention was completed.

  The high-temperature gas generator of the present invention comprises a vertical furnace and a chimney connected to the vertical furnace via an induction fan, and the vertical furnace is provided with a fuel input part for supplying biomass-based combustibles provided at the top. A hollow grate having a plurality of secondary air ejection holes provided in the vertical furnace, a primary air supply pipe connected to the vertical furnace above the grate, and below the primary air supply pipe A secondary air supply pipe connected to the vertical furnace or the grate, a tertiary air supply pipe connected to the vertical furnace at the lower part of the grate, and a high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe connected to the vertical furnace at the lower part of the grate And an ash reservoir provided at the bottom of the vertical furnace, and the upper side wall of the grate is formed with a downward spreading gradient with respect to the vertical plane, and the high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe has an induced draft It is connected through a machine and connected to a chimney.

  According to another configuration of the present invention, the high temperature gas generator comprises a vertical furnace and a chimney connected to the vertical furnace via an induction fan, and the vertical furnace is formed by surrounding the furnace side wall with a jacket. Space, a jacket air supply pipe connected to the jacket, a jacket air circulation pipe connected to the jacket, a fuel input part for introducing a biomass-based combustible provided in the upper part of the vertical furnace, and an interior of the vertical furnace A hollow grate having a plurality of secondary air ejection holes provided in the main body, a primary air supply pipe connected to the vertical furnace above the grate, and a vertical furnace or fire below the primary air supply pipe A secondary air supply pipe connected to the grid, a tertiary air supply pipe connected to the vertical furnace at the lower part of the grate, a high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe connected to the vertical furnace at the lower part of the grate, and the vertical furnace An ash reservoir provided at the bottom of the grate and above the grate Side wall is formed with a downward spread gradient with respect to the vertical plane, the high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe is connected via an induction fan and connected to the chimney, and the jacket air circulation pipe is the primary air supply pipe, It is connected to a secondary air supply pipe and a tertiary air supply pipe.

In the first aspect of the combustion gas utilization apparatus of the present invention,
A combustion gas processing device is connected to a high-temperature combustion gas generator and a high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe, and the combustion gas is supplied into the plant cultivation house. Here, the high-temperature combustion gas generator is composed of a vertical furnace and a chimney connected to the vertical furnace via an induction fan, and the vertical furnace is a fuel input unit for supplying biomass-based combustibles provided at the top. A hollow grate having a plurality of secondary air ejection holes provided in the vertical furnace, a primary air supply pipe connected to the vertical furnace above the grate, and below the primary air supply pipe A secondary air supply pipe connected to the vertical furnace or the grate, a tertiary air supply pipe connected to the vertical furnace at the lower part of the grate, and a high-temperature combustion gas exhaust connected to the vertical furnace at the lower part of the grate And an ash reservoir provided at the bottom of the vertical furnace, and the side wall above the grate is formed with a downward spreading gradient with respect to the vertical plane, and the high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe has an induced draft It is connected through a machine and connected to a chimney.

In the second aspect of the combustion gas utilization apparatus of the present invention,
A vertical furnace and a chimney connected to the vertical furnace via an induction fan. A hollow fire having a jacket air circulation pipe connected to the fuel, a fuel input part for supplying biomass-based combustibles provided at the top of the vertical furnace, and a plurality of secondary air ejection holes provided in the vertical furnace A grid, a primary air supply pipe connected to the vertical furnace above the grate, a secondary air supply pipe connected to the vertical furnace or the grate below the primary air supply pipe, and a lower part of the grate A tertiary air supply pipe connected to the vertical furnace, a high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe connected to the vertical furnace at the lower part of the grate, an ash reservoir provided at the bottom of the vertical furnace, and a grate The upper side wall has a downward slope with respect to the vertical plane. Formed, the high temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe is connected to the chimney through the induction fan, and the jacket air circulation pipe is connected to the primary air supply pipe, the secondary air supply pipe and the tertiary air supply pipe It is characterized by that.

  The above-described combustion gas utilization device is also configured such that a combustion gas processing device and a combustion gas processing device for concentrating the carbon dioxide concentration of the combustion gas are connected to the high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe of the high-temperature combustion gas generator, and the combustion gas is planted. It is characterized by replenishing the cultivation house.

  The high-temperature gas generator of the present invention can achieve uniform complete combustion while smoothly and continuously charging the raw materials without clogging, so that maintenance and combustion residues can be reduced. In addition, biomass resources such as building waste, thinned wood, and various dry plants are charged in a solid state that can be roughly crushed, and completely burned in a form that does not produce harmful gases as a by-product, generating clean, high-temperature hot gas. It is possible. That is, since the biomass raw material is efficiently burned by the high-temperature gas generator of the present invention, the generated combustion gas has a high temperature and is in a clean state. It can be used as a growth promoter and neutralizer for alkaline wastewater.

1 is a schematic structural diagram relating to a first embodiment of a high-temperature combustion gas generator. It is a schematic structure figure in connection with 2nd Embodiment of a high temperature combustion gas generator. It is a schematic structure figure in connection with 3rd Embodiment of a high temperature combustion gas generator. It is a schematic structure figure in connection with 4th Embodiment of a high temperature combustion gas generator. It is the whole structural example in connection with the biomass gasification apparatus using a high temperature combustion gas generator. It is a schematic block diagram of the utilization apparatus of the high temperature combustion gas which combined the high temperature combustion gas generator of this invention, the combustion exhaust processing apparatus, and the greenhouse. It is a schematic structure figure of the conventional high temperature combustion gas generator.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 ... High temperature combustion gas generator; 102 ... Vertical furnace; 103 ... Grate; 104 ... Secondary air injection hole; 105 ... Biomass chip; 106 ... Primary air supply pipe; Secondary air supply pipe; 108 ... Tertiary air supply pipe; 109 ... High-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe; 110 ... Air supply control device; 111 ... Bottom combustion chamber; 112 ... Ash reservoir; 120... Furnace side wall; 121 .. Hollow projection; 122 .. Secondary air injection hole; 123... Secondary air supply pipe; 124 ... High-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe; 129 Fuel jacket, 128a jacket space, 129 jacket air circulation pipe, 201 gasification reactor, 202 primary gasification reaction chamber, 203 secondary gasification 204 ... Screw feeder; 205 ... Coarsely pulverized biomass; 206 ... Coarse powder gas; 207 ... Production gas and fuel gas; 208 ... Coarse powder hopper; 210 ... Perforated plate; 211 ... Heat insulation 212; Heat-resistant partition wall; 213 ... Gasifying agent; 214 ... Ash outlet; 215 ... Combustion gas; 301 ... Waste heat boiler; 302 ... Reaction water; 303 ... Superheated steam; 307 ... chimney; 308 ... gas substitute gas (carbon dioxide); 401 ... heat exchanger; 402 ... cyclone; 403 ... scrubber; 404 ... push-in ventilator; Gas tank; 501 ... Boiler; 502 ... Cooler; 503 ... Combustion gas treatment device; 504 ... Pretreatment scrubber; 505a ... Adsorbent column A 505b ... Adsorbent column B; 506 ... Gas distribution header; 507 ... Greenhouse; 508 ... Steam (warm water); 509 ... Combustion gas; 510 ... Chimney;

Hereinafter, several embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
<First embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a view showing a vertical furnace of the present embodiment.
The first embodiment of the high-temperature combustion gas generator of the present invention includes a vertical furnace 102 and a chimney (indicated as 307 in FIG. 5 and 510 in FIG. 6) connected to the vertical furnace 102 via an induction fan 305. The vertical furnace 102 is a hollow fire having a fuel input part 127 for supplying biomass-based combustibles provided in the upper part and a plurality of secondary air ejection holes 104 provided in the vertical furnace 102. A grid 103, a primary air supply pipe 106 connected to the vertical furnace 102 above the grate 103, and secondary air connected to the vertical furnace below the grate 103 and the primary air supply pipe Supply pipes 107 and 123, a tertiary air supply pipe 108 connected to the vertical furnace 102 at the lower part of the grate 103, and a high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe 109 connected to the vertical furnace 102 at the lower part of the grate 103 When, An ash reservoir 112 provided at the bottom of the vertical furnace 102, and the upper side wall of the grate 103 is formed with a downward spreading gradient with respect to the vertical plane, so that the high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe 109 is provided. Is connected to the chimneys 307 and 510 through the induction fan 305 (see FIG. 5), and shows a high-temperature combustion gas generator.

  Here, it is desirable that the furnace side wall 120 of the vertical furnace 102 is formed so that the furnace side wall 120 has a downward spread gradient α with respect to the vertical plane over 60% or more of the furnace side wall area. The gradient α is not limited, but is preferably in the range of 2 to 15 degrees.

  Since the furnace side wall 120 of the vertical furnace 102 has a downwardly widening gradient of 2 degrees or more with respect to the vertical plane, the problem that the introduced raw material adheres and accumulates on the furnace side wall 120 and causes a bridge phenomenon is solved. Moreover, since the angle formed by the furnace side wall 120 forming the downward end-spreading gradient with respect to the vertical plane is suppressed to 15 degrees or less, the raw material sequentially moves from top to bottom. Therefore, since the raw material is efficiently changed into a dry state, a volatile (gasification) state, a combustion state, and a fixed carbon combustion state, the combustion is efficiently advanced and the function as a high-temperature combustion gas generator is sufficiently maintained. The

  According to the above configuration, biomass such as building waste obtained at a low processing cost is put into the furnace as small pieces, and sequentially moves from top to bottom in the same direction as the downdraft airflow, the primary air supply pipe 106, By the air supplied from the secondary air supply pipes 107 and 123 and the tertiary air supply pipe 108, the drying and the combustion proceed sequentially and efficiently. In particular, since the air supplied from the secondary air supply pipe 123 connected to the vertical furnace 102 disperses the biomass, the biomass is prevented from being solidified and stacked on the grate 103. It also has an effect of cooling the grate 103 exposed to a high-temperature flame, and the mechanical durability of the grate is maintained by lowering the surface temperature. The air supplied from the tertiary air supply pipe not only increases the combustion efficiency of biomass, but also adjusts the temperature of the combustion gas flowing into the high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe 109. In this way, the combustion temperature sufficiently exceeds 800 ° C., and more than 1000 ° C., thus eliminating the risk of dioxin generation.

  In the present embodiment, the grate 103 is installed above the ash reservoir 112 provided at the bottom of the vertical furnace 102. The primary air supply pipe 106 is connected to the furnace side wall 120 of the vertical furnace 102 at a position above the grate 103 to supply air from the air supply pipe 113 to the vertical furnace 102, and the secondary air supply pipe 107 is The secondary air supply pipe 123 is connected to the grate 103 and supplies air from the air supply pipe 113 to the vertical furnace 102. The tertiary air supply pipe 108 is connected to the furnace side wall 120 of the vertical furnace 102 at a position below the grate 103 and above the ash reservoir 112, and supplies air from the air supply pipe 113 to the vertical furnace 102. Further, before connecting the primary air supply pipe 106, the secondary air supply pipes 107, 123 and the tertiary air supply pipe 108 to the vertical furnace 102, an air preheater is provided in the middle of the air supply pipe 113 and supplied. The air may be preheated.

  As described above, the high-temperature combustion gas generator of the present invention makes it possible to convert a biomass material that is generally difficult to use into a high-temperature and clean combustion gas and use it as an alternative fuel for various boilers. Expanding the range of use, such as using an external heat type biomass gasifier as an external heat source, will open the way for using biomass resources.

<Second embodiment>
FIG. 2 shows the vertical furnace of the second embodiment.
The difference from the first embodiment is the shape of the grate 103. In the present embodiment, the grate 103 has a pyramidal or conical hollow protrusion 121 having a plurality of secondary air ejection holes 104 and 122 on the surface thereof, and the apex is arranged upward to form the vertical furnace 102. Is provided. In addition, the grate 103 has a structure provided with an air passage inside thereof, and for example, the whole may have a hollow structure. A secondary air supply pipe 107 is connected to the grate 103.

  In the second embodiment, the primary air supply pipe, the secondary air supply pipe, and the tertiary air supply pipe are provided in the vertical furnace 102 as in the first embodiment, and preferably before being connected to the vertical furnace 102. In the middle of the air supply pipe 113, the preheater is connected.

  According to the above configuration, since the conical or pyramidal hollow protrusions 121 are present in the center of the furnace on the grate, the raw material falling from above is dispersed around the furnace avoiding the center of the furnace. Further, since air is supplied from the plurality of secondary air ejection holes 104 and 122 of the secondary air supply pipes 107 and 123 toward the center of the raw material to be deposited, air is supplied to every corner of the raw material and burned. The state becomes more complete and stable.

<Third embodiment>
FIG. 3 shows the vertical furnace of the third embodiment.
The vertical furnace 102 is composed of a chimney (indicated by 307 in FIG. 5 and 510 in FIG. 6) connected to the vertical furnace 102 via an induction fan 305 (see FIG. 5). Are provided in the upper part of the vertical furnace 102, a space 128a formed by surrounding the outside of the jacket 128 with a jacket 128, a jacket air supply pipe 113 connected to the jacket 128, a jacket air circulation pipe 129 connected to the jacket 128, and the like. A fuel charging unit 127 for charging biomass-based combustibles, a hollow grate 103 having a plurality of secondary air ejection holes 104 and 122 provided in the vertical furnace 102, and a vertical furnace above the grate 103 A primary air supply pipe 106 connected to 102, and secondary air supply pipes 107 and 123 connected to the vertical furnace 102 and the grate 103 below the primary air supply pipe 106, A tertiary air supply pipe 108 connected to the vertical furnace 102 at the lower part of the grid 103, a high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe 124 connected to the vertical furnace 102 at the lower part of the grate 103, and a bottom part of the vertical furnace 102. The furnace side wall 120 above the grate 103 is formed with a downward spreading gradient with respect to the vertical plane, and the high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe 124 is connected via the induction fan 305. The jacket air circulation pipe 129 is connected to the primary air supply pipe 106, the secondary air supply pipe 107, and the tertiary air supply pipe 108. The jacket air circulation pipe 129 is connected to the chimney (indicated by reference numeral 307 in FIG. It is characterized by that. The primary air supply pipe 106, the secondary air supply pipe 107, and the tertiary air supply pipe 108 pass through the space 128a and are connected to the vertical furnace 102.

In 3rd embodiment, the jacket 128 is provided in the outer periphery of the vertical furnace 102, and the space part 128a is formed. A jacket air supply pipe 113 is connected to the jacket 128. The space 128 a is provided to heat the air supplied from the jacket air supply pipe 113, and is connected to the lower portion of the vertical furnace 102. A jacket air circulation pipe 129 is connected to the upper portion of the jacket 128, and the jacket air circulation pipe 129 is connected to the primary air supply pipe 106, the secondary air supply pipe 107, and the tertiary air supply pipe 108. .
With the above configuration, combustion air is introduced into the space portion 128a from the jacket air supply pipe 113 connected to the jacket 128, and is heated by the combustion heat generated from the vertical furnace 102 in the space portion 128a. It flows to the circulation pipe 129. The heated air is supplied to the vertical furnace 102 from a primary air supply pipe 106, a secondary air supply pipe 107, and a tertiary air supply pipe 108 connected to the jacket air circulation pipe 129, respectively.
Due to the jacket 128 and the space portion 128a, heat dissipation from the vertical furnace 102 is reduced, and the combustion temperature in the vertical furnace 102 is increased by an increase in the supply air temperature. Note that only a part of the air may be passed through the jacket. For example, the distribution can be freely selected, such as passing only secondary air through the jacket. With the above-described configuration, the above-described preheating effect can be obtained, radiation heat to the atmosphere can be prevented, equipment can be simplified, and installation space can be saved.

<Fourth embodiment>
FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment characterized in that the combustion gas exhaust port is provided downward at the bottom of the furnace body. In other words, an ash reservoir opening 125 is provided near the center of the ash reservoir 112, and a high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe 124 is connected to the ash reservoir opening 125 so that the combustion gas can be taken out from below the ash reservoir 112. Is.

  Unlike the first to third embodiments, since the high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe 124 is located in the vicinity of the central axis of the vertical furnace 102, the downdraft gas flow becomes an axis object around the furnace central axis, and there is no flow unevenness. Therefore, the combustion state in the vertical furnace 102 becomes a uniform state of the axial target, and the combustion state and the flow of exhaust are improved. As a result, an ideal combustion state can be realized without causing the adverse effect of biasing the combustion state above the grate, so that a more advantageous high-temperature combustion gas generator can be provided.

<Fifth embodiment>
FIG. 5 is an overall configuration example of a biomass gasifier using the high-temperature combustion gas generator according to the fifth embodiment.
Biomass crushed fuel is combusted in the high-temperature combustion gas generator 101, clean combustion gas is generated at a high temperature exceeding 900 ° C., and this combustion gas is sent to the gasification reactor 201 via the high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe 109. The primary gasification reaction chamber 202 in the gasification reaction apparatus 201 and the secondary gasification reaction tube 203 connected thereto are heated from the outer wall surface.

  Also, superheated steam 303 of reaction water 302 generated in the waste heat boiler 301 is supplied from the bottom to the primary gasification reaction chamber 202 using combustion gas. From the upper part of the primary gasification reaction chamber 202, coarsely pulverized biomass 205 as a gasification raw material is dropped and supplied from a screw feeder 204. Inside the primary gasification reaction chamber 202, coarsely pulverized biomass 205 and superheated steam as a gasifying agent absorb radiant heat from the gasification reaction chamber wall as chemical reaction heat, and gasification is performed by a steam reforming reaction. At this time, no catalyst is used for the gasification reaction.

  The inner surface of the outer wall of the gasification reaction apparatus 201 is surrounded by a heat insulating material 211. In the gasification reaction apparatus 201, a primary gasification reaction chamber 202 for biomass and a secondary gasification reaction tube 203 connected to the biomass are provided, and coarsely pulverized biomass 205 is transferred from a coarse hopper 208 to a screw feeder 204. Is supplied by dropping from the top. On the other hand, superheated steam 303 obtained by heating the reaction water 302 with the waste heat boiler 301 is supplied as a biomass gasifying agent 213 from the bottom of the primary gasification reaction chamber 202.

In the primary gasification reaction chamber 202, the coarsely pulverized biomass 205 and the gasifying agent 213 cause a chemical reaction by thermal radiation from the reaction chamber wall, and H ₂ , CO, CH ₄ , C ₂ H ₄ , CO _2, etc. A product gas 207 is generated.
Here, a porous plate 210 made of a ceramic foam material or a punched copper plate material or the like is provided at a lower intermediate position in the primary gasification reaction chamber 202, and coarse particles of approximately 3 mm or more in the coarsely pulverized biomass 205 are formed in the porous plate. The gasification reaction proceeds in a long time after stopping at the top. Since the product gas gasified in the primary gasification reaction chamber 202 may leave some soot and tar, it is sent to the secondary gasification reaction tube 203 and the soot and tar residue is re-decomposed by the gasifying agent.・ Gasified and finished to a clean product gas for use as fuel gas.

  The primary gasification reaction chamber 202 and the secondary gasification reaction tube 203 are separated by a heat-resistant partition wall 212 for the purpose of blocking heat radiation, and the periphery of the primary gasification reaction chamber 202 is maintained at a high temperature. The high-temperature combustion gas first heats the primary gasification reaction chamber 202 and then heats the secondary gasification reaction tube 203. Since the temperature of the two-gasification reaction tube 203 may be slightly lower than that of the reaction chamber 202, it is particularly effective when it is desired to keep the temperature of the reaction chamber 202 higher in order to increase the hydrogen component of the product gas.

  The product gas 207 generated in the gasification reaction chamber is sent to the secondary gasification reaction tube 203 for further progressing the gasification reaction of tar and soot, and further reacted here, and then sent to the fuel gas tank 405. Between the secondary gasification reaction tube 203 and the fuel gas tank 405, a heat exchanger 401 for waste heat recovery, a cyclone 402 for removing ash / soot, a water spray / scrubber 403 for removing residual water vapor, fuel A forced air blower 404 that sends the generated gas (fuel gas) 207 to the gas tank 405 is provided.

  The product gas 207 stored in the fuel gas tank 405 and the product gas 207 directly sent from the forced air blower are used as high-quality fuel gas such as engine power generation, turbine power generation, petroleum alternative fuel gas, and chemically synthesized raw material synthesis gas. On the other hand, the high-temperature combustion gas used for the gasification reaction in the gasification reaction furnace generates superheated steam in the waste heat boiler 301 and then is released from the chimney 307 to the atmosphere by the induction fan 305. In addition, heat may be reused.

<Sixth embodiment>
FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram in which a high temperature combustion gas generator is combined with a greenhouse for greenhouse cultivation. As shown in FIG. 6, the heat of the high-temperature combustion gas is subjected to heat exchange (heat recovery) in a boiler 501 to generate steam or hot water. The temperature of the combustion gas after the heat exchange is further lowered by the cooler 502 and sent to the combustion gas processing device 503.

  If the sulfur oxide, hydrogen chloride, or nitrogen oxide, which is a trace component in the combustion gas, is reduced to a sufficiently acceptable concentration, it can be directly replenished into a green house where a person works for a long time. In addition, since the combustion gas contains about 10% carbon dioxide concentration, the purpose of raising the carbon dioxide concentration in the house by several hundred ppm can be achieved. Furthermore, in this case, since the raw material itself is renewable energy, it is preferable as a countermeasure against global warming.

  The high-temperature combustion gas generator of the present invention is provided with a combustion gas treatment device that reduces or removes a trace amount of sulfur oxide, hydrogen chloride, or nitrogen oxide contained in the combustion gas. It becomes possible to replenish the plant cultivation house as a cultivation plant growth promoter.

  In the combustion gas processing apparatus 503, the combustion gas is preliminarily washed away with sulfur oxide, hydrogen chloride, and the like by the pretreatment scrubber 504, and then the pair of adsorbent columns 505a and 505b filled with the porous adsorbent are used. Introduced into a system configured by combining multiple pairs according to adsorption needs. Here, the carbon dioxide gas is selectively adsorbed and regenerated while further removing a trace amount of harmful components such as sulfur oxide, hydrogen chloride and nitrogen oxide. Since components other than carbon dioxide are lost outside the system, a high concentration of carbon dioxide is obtained and sent to the product line. The product gas obtained here is replenished into the air of the green house 507 via the gas distribution header 506 as a plant growth promoter 511. For example, the carbon dioxide concentration in the house before replenishment is increased to a maximum of 1000 ppm after replenishment.

The high-temperature combustion gas contains SO _{2 of} about 100 ppm, HCl of about 200 ppm, and NO _{X of} about 200 ppm. After the exhaust treatment, as the plant growth promoter 511, SO ₂ of about 10 ppm, HCl of about 20 ppm, and NO _X of Reduced to about 20 ppm.

On the other hand, the carbon dioxide concentration contained in the high-temperature combustion gas is 10 vol%, but as the plant growth promoter 511, only the carbon dioxide gas is selectively concentrated to a concentration of 60 vol%. This is diluted to a maximum of 1000 ppm (corresponding to 0.1%) in the green house, that is, 600 times. As a result, computational, SO ₂ is 0.016 ppm, HCl is 0.03ppm, NO _X is 0.03ppm next is sufficiently safe for humans. Plants are said to grow at a rate of about 1.25 times when the carbon dioxide concentration is increased from about 370 ppm to 1000 ppm or more. According to the present invention, high-temperature heat supply is performed using renewable resources such as biomass. At the same time, the growth of cultivated plants can be significantly promoted.

  According to the above configuration, the carbon dioxide gas concentration is increased to at least twice the concentration of about 10% before processing, in other words, to a concentration of 20% or more, preferably 50% or more. In addition to making it possible to reduce the gas flow rate to be replenished to less than half, the amount of sulfur oxide, hydrogen chloride, or nitrogen oxide entering the house is greatly reduced, improving human safety. It can be made even more certain.

  The adsorbent introduced into the adsorbent columns 505a and 505b of the combustion gas processing apparatus 503 is mainly composed of a combination of porous adsorbents.

  As described above, by combining the high-temperature combustion gas processing apparatus with the green house, the combustion gas obtained by burning the biomass resources can be used for supplying carbon dioxide necessary for promoting the growth of plants.

  According to the present invention, building waste, thinned wood, various dried plants are charged in a solid state that roughly crushed, and completely burns without generating by-product harmful gas to generate high-temperature hot gas. Therefore, it is possible to effectively extract highly useful thermal energy from renewable energy resources. At the same time, the carbon dioxide in the combustion gas can be used effectively.

Claims (14)

  The vertical furnace comprises a vertical furnace and a chimney connected to the vertical furnace via an induction fan, and the vertical furnace is provided with a fuel input part for injecting biomass-based combustibles provided in the upper part, and in the vertical furnace A hollow grate having a plurality of secondary air ejection holes provided, a primary air supply pipe connected to the vertical furnace above the grate, and the vertical furnace below the primary air supply pipe Or a secondary air supply pipe connected to the grate, a tertiary air supply pipe connected to the vertical furnace at the lower part of the grate, and a high-temperature combustion gas exhaust connected to the vertical furnace at the lower part of the grate A high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe comprising a pipe and an ash reservoir provided at the bottom of the vertical furnace, and a side wall above the grate is formed with a downward spreading gradient with respect to a vertical plane. Is connected to the chimney through an induction fan, Temperature combustion gas generation apparatus.   2. The high-temperature combustion gas generation according to claim 1, wherein the side wall of the vertical furnace is formed so as to have a downward spreading gradient with respect to a vertical plane over 60% or more of the side wall area. apparatus.   The grate has a pyramidal or conical hollow protrusion provided with a plurality of secondary air supply holes, and is provided with an apex of the hollow protrusion facing upward. The high-temperature combustion gas generator according to claim 1.   The high-temperature combustion gas generator according to claim 3, wherein secondary air is supplied to the vertical furnace from a secondary air supply hole of the hollow protrusion.   The high-temperature combustion gas generator according to claim 1, wherein the primary air, the secondary air, or the tertiary air is preheated by an air preheater before blowing all or part of the primary air, secondary air, or tertiary air into the furnace.   The vertical furnace comprises a vertical furnace and a chimney connected to the vertical furnace via an induction fan, and the vertical furnace is formed by surrounding a furnace side wall with a jacket, and a jacket air supply pipe connected to the jacket A jacket air circulation pipe connected to the jacket, a fuel input part for supplying a biomass-based combustible provided in the upper part of the vertical furnace, and a plurality of secondary air jets provided in the vertical furnace A hollow grate having a hole, a primary air supply pipe connected to the vertical furnace above the grate, and 2 connected to the vertical furnace or the grate below the primary air supply pipe A secondary air supply pipe, a tertiary air supply pipe connected to the vertical furnace at the lower part of the grate, a high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe connected to the vertical furnace at the lower part of the grate, and the vertical furnace It has an ash reservoir provided at the bottom, and has a fire rating The upper side wall is formed with a downward spreading gradient with respect to the vertical plane, the high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe is connected via an induction fan and connected to the chimney, and the jacket air circulation pipe is the primary air A high-temperature combustion gas generator, which is connected to a supply pipe, a secondary air supply pipe, and a tertiary air supply pipe.   7. The high-temperature combustion gas generator according to claim 1, wherein the combustion gas exhaust supply pipe is provided downward on a bottom portion of the vertical furnace.   8. The high-temperature combustion gas generator according to claim 7, wherein an ash reservoir opening is provided near the center of the ash reservoir, and a high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe is connected to the ash reservoir opening.   A combustion gas utilization device, wherein a combustion gas treatment device is connected to the high temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe of the high temperature combustion gas generator according to claim 1 or 6 to replenish the combustion gas into the plant cultivation house.   A combustion gas processing device and a combustion gas processing device for concentrating the carbon dioxide concentration of the combustion gas are connected to the high-temperature combustion gas exhaust pipe of the high-temperature combustion gas generator according to claim 1 or 6, and the combustion gas is cultivated in plants. An apparatus for using combustion gas, characterized by replenishing the inside of the house.   The combustion gas utilization system according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the adsorbent column of the combustion gas processing apparatus is mainly composed of a combination of porous adsorbents.   Combustion gas treatment equipment that reduces or eliminates trace amounts of sulfur oxides, hydrogen chloride, nitrogen oxides, etc. in the combustion gas is attached to the exhaust system of combustion gas obtained by completely burning biomass combustibles And a combustion gas utilization system comprising a replenishing device that replenishes the treated combustion gas into a plant cultivation house as a cultivated plant growth promoter.   A combustion gas exhaust system obtained by completely burning a biomass combustible material reduces or removes trace amounts of harmful components such as sulfur oxide, hydrogen chloride or nitrogen oxide in the combustion gas, and A combustion gas utilization system comprising a combustion gas treatment device for concentrating carbon dioxide gas concentration, and a replenishment device for replenishing the treated combustion gas into a plant cultivation house as a cultivated plant growth promoter.   The combustion gas utilization system according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the combustion gas processing device is mainly composed of a combination of porous adsorbents.

Images